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Creating a public Bugzilla allows others with the same laptop to find = relevant information pertaining to this issue Thanks, Stefan > -----Original Message----- > From: Danylo Malyuta > Sent: Saturday, October 31, 2026 7:27 PM > To: david.rhodes@cirrus.com; rf@opensource.cirrus.com > Cc: linux-sound@vger.kernel.org; patches@opensource.cirrus.com; > tiwai@suse.com; perex@perex.cz > Subject: [BUG] ALSA: hda/cs35l41: hibernation deadlock between > fw_load_work queued at thaw and cs35l41_system_suspend_prep >=20 > Hello David and Richard, >=20 > I hope you all are doing well. I am writing to report a "hibernation = hang" bug > that I encountered on my ASUS ProArt PX13 HN7306WU laptop > running Fedora Linux 44 on the 7.2.13-200.fc44.x86_64 kernel. The > behavioral issue is that when putting the laptop to hibernate = (systemctl > hibernate), it would "hang" at the very end with the power button = still lit but > everything else off/screen dark and the computer completely = unresponsive to > anything but holding the power button until it shuts off. Turning back = on, the > saved session comes back - so everything gets saved properly, it's = just that the > laptop fails to shut itself off. This would happen randomly and = rarely, in maybe > 1 out of every 10 hibernations. >=20 > I am not a Linux kernel wizard, so full disclosure I worked through = Claude Opus > 5.5 to figure out the problem. After about a week of attempts and the = AI > writing trace and logging logic to run during sleep/hibernation, I = finally root > caused the issue as being the CS35L41 driver deadlocking. The bug = submission > text below is fully composed by Claude, because it is beyond my linux > experience to compose an issue report like this. The previous = paragraph and > this one, however, were written by me. I hope that the following is = useful to > you as I believe it is the first time anyone is reporting this problem = with the > driver. I also want to thank you all for your work maintaining the = audio system > and supporting the open source community. >=20 > ------ >=20 > Hibernation (S4, platform mode) deadlocks on my laptop with two > CS35L41 HDA amps. The image is written, then the machine hangs before > powering off (screen black, power LED on, ~13 W) until it is forced = off. In > normal use this happened in about 1 in 20 hibernations. With the page = cache > dropped right before hibernating, it happens every time. >=20 > System: > - ASUS ProArt PX13 HN7306WU, BIOS HN7306WU.318 05/04/2026 > - CSC3551, two amps (i2c-CSC3551:00-cs35l41-hda.0 and .1), > snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41, firmware cs35l41-dsp1-spk-prot-10431ed3 > (Fedora cirrus-audio-firmware-20261019) > - Fedora kernel 7.2.13-200.fc44. It is tainted (OE) by the NVIDIA > module, which is not involved; I can retest without it. > - Root filesystem and the hibernation swap file both on btrfs >=20 > The relevant code is unchanged in mainline (7.3) and in sound.git = for-next. >=20 > What happens, from a softdog panic (soft_panic=3D1, > panic_sys_info=3Dblocked_tasks) whose log was saved with efi-pstore: >=20 > 1. After the hibernation image is created, the thaw runs > cs35l41_system_resume(), since SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS uses it for > .thaw too. With request_fw_load set, it queues > cs35l41->fw_load_work. >=20 > 2. The image is written ("PM: Image saving done"). >=20 > 3. hibernation_platform_enter() -> dpm_suspend_start() -> > dpm_prepare() -> cs35l41_system_suspend_prep() blocks on > cs35l41->fw_mutex. >=20 > 4. fw_mutex is held by cs35l41_fw_load_work(). It is in > request_firmware(), in a btrfs directory lookup, waiting for a > metadata read. btrfs completes metadata reads on its > "btrfs-endio-meta" workqueue (btrfs_simple_end_io() -> > btrfs_end_io_wq() in fs/btrfs/bio.c), which btrfs_init_workqueues() > allocates with WQ_FREEZABLE. That workqueue is frozen at this = point, > so the read never completes. The btrfs-transaction thread is stuck > on such a read too. >=20 > So it deadlocks whenever the firmware load at the thaw misses the = dentry or > page cache. Usually it doesn't, because the amps reload their firmware = at > every resume. But hibernate_preallocate_memory() can evict those files = under > memory pressure. The first logged hang was right after a large dnf = transaction: > setting aside the image memory took 3.2 s, against ~1.3 s in the = hibernations > just before. >=20 > Timeline of the reproduced hang: >=20 > PM: thaw of devices complete after 784.342 msecs > PM: hibernation: Writing hibernation image. > PM: Image saving done > printk: Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug) > softdog: Initiating panic <- 280 s later > Kernel panic - not syncing: Software Watchdog Timer expired >=20 > The stuck tasks, trimmed (the full ~93 KB log is available): >=20 > task:systemd-sleep state:D stack:0 pid:66843 tgid:66843 ppid:1 > __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x449/0xa70 > cs35l41_system_suspend_prep+0x31/0xb0 [snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41] > device_prepare+0xaf/0x270 > dpm_prepare+0x114/0x290 > dpm_suspend_start+0x1e/0x60 > hibernation_platform_enter+0x5b/0x150 > hibernate.cold+0x3a7/0x4b5 > state_store+0x45/0x60 > kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x178/0x200 > vfs_write+0x281/0x560 > ksys_write+0x7b/0x110 > do_syscall_64+0xe2/0x570 >=20 > task:kworker/12:1 state:D stack:0 pid:28203 tgid:28203 ppid:2 > Workqueue: events cs35l41_fw_load_work [snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41] > io_schedule+0x46/0x70 > bit_wait_io+0x11/0x70 > __wait_on_bit+0x92/0xb0 > out_of_line_wait_on_bit+0x97/0xc0 > read_extent_buffer_pages+0x47/0x60 > btrfs_read_extent_buffer+0x69/0xa0 > read_block_for_search+0x201/0x3e0 > btrfs_search_slot+0x39e/0x1210 > btrfs_lookup_dir_item+0x8e/0xf0 > btrfs_lookup_dentry+0x122/0x5b0 > btrfs_lookup+0x16/0x30 > lookup_open.isra.0+0x1c1/0x4e0 > open_last_lookups+0x18e/0x7e0 > path_openat+0x83/0x2a0 > do_file_open_root+0x15a/0x230 > file_open_root+0xb0/0x1a0 > kernel_read_file_from_path_initns+0xcd/0x170 > fw_get_filesystem_firmware+0x173/0x400 > _request_firmware+0x2ba/0x3a0 > firmware_request_nowarn+0x3d/0x60 > cs35l41_request_firmware_file+0xea/0x360 [snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41] > cs35l41_request_firmware_files_spkid.constprop.0+0x39/0x160 > [snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41] > cs35l41_request_firmware_files.constprop.0+0xf1/0x120 > [snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41] > cs35l41_init_dsp+0xae/0x250 [snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41] > cs35l41_smart_amp+0x43/0x1f0 [snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41] > cs35l41_fw_load_work+0x50/0x90 [snd_hda_scodec_cs35l41] > process_one_work+0x19e/0x370 > worker_thread+0x1a6/0x310 > kthread+0xe4/0x120 >=20 > (The other amp's cs35l41_fw_load_work, kworker/12:0, has the same > stack.) >=20 > task:btrfs-transacti state:D stack:0 pid:621 tgid:621 ppid:2 > io_schedule+0x46/0x70 > bit_wait_io+0x11/0x70 > __wait_on_bit+0x92/0xb0 > out_of_line_wait_on_bit+0x97/0xc0 > read_extent_buffer_pages+0x47/0x60 > btrfs_read_extent_buffer+0x69/0xa0 > read_block_for_search+0x201/0x3e0 > btrfs_search_slot+0x39e/0x1210 > btrfs_insert_empty_items+0x3a/0x80 > alloc_reserved_tree_block+0x13f/0x370 > run_delayed_tree_ref+0x1c5/0x2b0 > btrfs_run_delayed_refs_for_head+0x1f3/0x3b0 >=20 > All CPUs were idle (swapper in cpuidle_enter_state), so this is a = deadlock, not > a lockup. >=20 > Reproduction (hangs on the first try; I used a softdog to recover): >=20 > sync; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches; systemctl hibernate >=20 > Workaround, which also confirms the analysis: a systemd-sleep hook = that > turns the "L0 DSP1 Firmware Load" and "R0 DSP1 Firmware Load" > controls off before a hibernation and back on after the resume. With > request_fw_load cleared, nothing is queued at the thaw, and the same > drop_caches test hibernates and resumes normally. The firmware reloads > from the hook after the resume. >=20 > As a fix, the driver could avoid loading firmware at the thaw: the = image is > about to be written and the system powered off, and .restore or = .resume > reloads it anyway. For example, separate .freeze, .thaw, .poweroff and = .restore > callbacks instead of SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS, with .thaw not queuing > fw_load_work. I haven't tested this. More generally, any filesystem = I/O started > between the thaw and the power-off can deadlock like this when it = misses the > cache, at least on btrfs. >=20 > I'm happy to test patches, and can send the full logs. >=20 > -- > Danylo Malyuta, PhD > https://www.malyuta.name > https://www.linkedin.com/in/danylomalyuta/ >=20 >=20 > Sent with Proton Mail secure email.