Re: Problem in Page Cache Replacement

[Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 3200 bytes --]

On Wed, Nov 21, 2012 at 04:34:40PM +0800, Jaegeuk Hanse wrote:
> Cc Fengguang Wu.
> 
> On 11/21/2012 04:13 PM, metin d wrote:
> >>   Curious. Added linux-mm list to CC to catch more attention. If you run
> >>echo 1 >/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches does it evict data-1 pages from memory?
> >I'm guessing it'd evict the entries, but am wondering if we could run any more diagnostics before trying this.
> >
> >We regularly use a setup where we have two databases; one gets used frequently and the other one about once a month. It seems like the memory manager keeps unused pages in memory at the expense of frequently used database's performance.

> >My understanding was that under memory pressure from heavily
> >accessed pages, unused pages would eventually get evicted. Is there
> >anything else we can try on this host to understand why this is
> >happening?

We may debug it this way.

1) run 'fadvise data-2 0 0 dontneed' to drop data-2 cached pages
   (please double check via /proc/vmstat whether it does the expected work)

2) run 'page-types -r' with root, to view the page status for the
   remaining pages of data-1

The fadvise tool comes from Andrew Morton's ext3-tools. (source code attached)
Please compile them with options "-Dlinux -I. -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE"

page-types can be found in the kernel source tree tools/vm/page-types.c

Sorry that sounds a bit twisted.. I do have a patch to directly dump
page cache status of a user specified file, however it's not
upstreamed yet.

Thanks,
Fengguang

> >On Tue 20-11-12 09:42:42, metin d wrote:
> >>I have two PostgreSQL databases named data-1 and data-2 that sit on the
> >>same machine. Both databases keep 40 GB of data, and the total memory
> >>available on the machine is 68GB.
> >>
> >>I started data-1 and data-2, and ran several queries to go over all their
> >>data. Then, I shut down data-1 and kept issuing queries against data-2.
> >>For some reason, the OS still holds on to large parts of data-1's pages
> >>in its page cache, and reserves about 35 GB of RAM to data-2's files. As
> >>a result, my queries on data-2 keep hitting disk.
> >>
> >>I'm checking page cache usage with fincore. When I run a table scan query
> >>against data-2, I see that data-2's pages get evicted and put back into
> >>the cache in a round-robin manner. Nothing happens to data-1's pages,
> >>although they haven't been touched for days.
> >>
> >>Does anybody know why data-1's pages aren't evicted from the page cache?
> >>I'm open to all kind of suggestions you think it might relate to problem.
> >   Curious. Added linux-mm list to CC to catch more attention. If you run
> >echo 1 >/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
> >   does it evict data-1 pages from memory?
> >
> >>This is an EC2 m2.4xlarge instance on Amazon with 68 GB of RAM and no
> >>swap space. The kernel version is:
> >>
> >>$ uname -r
> >>3.2.28-45.62.amzn1.x86_64
> >>Edit:
> >>
> >>and it seems that I use one NUMA instance, if  you think that it can a problem.
> >>
> >>$ numactl --hardware
> >>available: 1 nodes (0)
> >>node 0 cpus: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
> >>node 0 size: 70007 MB
> >>node 0 free: 360 MB
> >>node distances:
> >>node   0
> >>    0:  10

[-- Attachment #2: fadvise.c --]
[-- Type: text/x-csrc, Size: 1904 bytes --]

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "fadvise.h"

char *progname;

static void usage(void)
{
	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s filename offset length advice [loops]\n", progname);
	fprintf(stderr, "      advice: normal sequential willneed noreuse "
					"dontneed asyncwrite writewait\n");
	exit(1);
}

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int c;
	int fd;
	char *sadvice;
	char *filename;
	loff_t offset;
	unsigned long length;
	int advice = 0;
	int ret;
	int loops = 1;

	progname = argv[0];

	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		}
	}

	if (optind == argc)
		usage();
	filename = argv[optind++];

	if (optind == argc)
		usage();
	offset = strtoull(argv[optind++], NULL, 0);

	if (optind == argc)
		usage();
	length = strtol(argv[optind++], NULL, 0);

	if (optind == argc)
		usage();
	sadvice = argv[optind++];

	if (optind != argc)
		loops = strtol(argv[optind++], NULL, 0);

	if (optind != argc)
		usage();

	if (!strcmp(sadvice, "normal"))
		advice = POSIX_FADV_NORMAL;
	else if (!strcmp(sadvice, "sequential"))
		advice = POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL;
	else if (!strcmp(sadvice, "willneed"))
		advice = POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED;
	else if (!strcmp(sadvice, "noreuse"))
		advice = POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE;
	else if (!strcmp(sadvice, "dontneed"))
		advice = POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED;
	else if (!strcmp(sadvice, "asyncwrite"))
		advice = LINUX_FADV_ASYNC_WRITE;
	else if (!strcmp(sadvice, "writewait"))
		advice = LINUX_FADV_WRITE_WAIT;
	else
		usage();

	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
	if (fd < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot open `%s': %s\n",
			progname, filename, strerror(errno));
		exit(1);
	}

	while (loops--) {
		ret = __posix_fadvise64(fd, offset, length, advice);
		if (ret) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: fadvise() failed: %s\n",
				progname, strerror(errno));
			exit(1);
		}
	}
	close(fd);
	exit(0);
}

[-- Attachment #3: fadvise.h --]
[-- Type: text/x-chdr, Size: 2375 bytes --]

#include <asm/unistd.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>

#ifndef __NR_fadvise64
#if defined (__i386__)
#define __NR_fadvise64          250
#elif defined(__powerpc__)
#define __NR_fadvise64          233
#elif defined(__ia64__)
#define __NR_fadvise64		1234
#elif defined(__x86_64__)
#define __NR_fadvise64		221
#endif
#endif

#ifndef LINUX_FADV_ASYNC_WRITE
#define LINUX_FADV_ASYNC_WRITE 32
#endif

#ifndef LINUX_FADV_WRITE_WAIT
#define LINUX_FADV_WRITE_WAIT 33
#endif

#ifndef __x86_64__
_syscall5(int,fadvise64, int,fd, long,offset_lo,
		long,offset_hi, size_t,len, int,advice)
#endif

/* Works by luck on ppc32, fails on ppc64 */
#if defined(__i386__)
int __posix_fadvise(int fd, off_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return fadvise64(fd, offset, 0, len, advice);
}

int __posix_fadvise64(int fd, loff_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return fadvise64(fd, offset, offset >> 32, len, advice);
}
#elif defined(__powerpc64__)
int __posix_fadvise(int fd, off_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return fadvise64(fd, offset, len, advice);
}

int __posix_fadvise64(int fd, loff_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return fadvise64(fd, offset, len, advice);
}
#elif defined(__powerpc__)

/* 
 * long longs are passed in an odd even register pair on ppc32 so
 * we need to pad before offset
 *
 * Note also the glibc syscall() function for ppc has been broken for
 * 6 argument syscalls until recently (~2.3.1 CVS)
 */
#define ppc_fadvise64(fd, offset_hi, offset_lo, len, advice) \
	syscall(__NR_fadvise64, fd, 0, offset_hi, offset_lo, len, advice)

int __posix_fadvise(int fd, off_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return ppc_fadvise64(fd, 0, offset, len, advice);
}

/* big endian, akpm. */
int __posix_fadvise64(int fd, loff_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return ppc_fadvise64(fd, (unsigned int)(offset >> 32),
			(unsigned int)(offset & 0xffffffff), len, advice);
}
#elif defined(__ia64__)
int __posix_fadvise(int fd, off_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return fadvise64(fd, offset, len, advice);
}

int __posix_fadvise64(int fd, loff_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return fadvise64(fd, offset, len, advice);
}
#elif defined(__x86_64__)
int __posix_fadvise(int fd, off_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return -1;
}

int __posix_fadvise64(int fd, loff_t offset, size_t len, int advice)
{
	return syscall(__NR_fadvise64, fd, offset, len, advice);
}
#endif