Re: [PATCH v4 1/2] fork: extend clone3() to support CLONE_SET_TID

[Adrian Reber <areber@redhat.com>]

On Sat, Aug 10, 2019 at 03:10:34AM +0200, Christian Brauner wrote:
> On Thu, Aug 08, 2019 at 11:22:21PM +0200, Adrian Reber wrote:
> > The main motivation to add set_tid to clone3() is CRIU.
> > 
> > To restore a process with the same PID/TID CRIU currently uses
> > /proc/sys/kernel/ns_last_pid. It writes the desired (PID - 1) to
> > ns_last_pid and then (quickly) does a clone(). This works most of the
> > time, but it is racy. It is also slow as it requires multiple syscalls.
> > 
> > Extending clone3() to support set_tid makes it possible restore a
> > process using CRIU without accessing /proc/sys/kernel/ns_last_pid and
> > race free (as long as the desired PID/TID is available).
> > 
> > This clone3() extension places the same restrictions (CAP_SYS_ADMIN)
> > on clone3() with set_tid as they are currently in place for ns_last_pid.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Adrian Reber <areber@redhat.com>
> > ---
> > v2:
> >  - Removed (size < sizeof(struct clone_args)) as discussed with
> >    Christian and Dmitry
> >  - Added comment to ((set_tid != 1) && idr_get_cursor() <= 1) (Oleg)
> >  - Use idr_alloc() instead of idr_alloc_cyclic() (Oleg)
> > 
> > v3:
> >  - Return EEXIST if PID is already in use (Christian)
> >  - Drop CLONE_SET_TID (Christian and Oleg)
> >  - Use idr_is_empty() instead of idr_get_cursor() (Oleg)
> >  - Handle different `struct clone_args` sizes (Dmitry)
> > 
> > v4:
> >  - Rework struct size check with defines (Christian)
> >  - Reduce number of set_tid checks (Oleg)
> >  - Less parentheses and more robust code (Oleg)
> >  - Do ns_capable() on correct user_ns (Oleg, Christian)
> > ---
> >  include/linux/pid.h        |  2 +-
> >  include/linux/sched/task.h |  1 +
> >  include/uapi/linux/sched.h |  1 +
> >  kernel/fork.c              | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++--
> >  kernel/pid.c               | 34 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
> >  5 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/include/linux/pid.h b/include/linux/pid.h
> > index 2a83e434db9d..052000db0ced 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/pid.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/pid.h
> > @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ extern struct pid *find_vpid(int nr);
> >  extern struct pid *find_get_pid(int nr);
> >  extern struct pid *find_ge_pid(int nr, struct pid_namespace *);
> >  
> > -extern struct pid *alloc_pid(struct pid_namespace *ns);
> > +extern struct pid *alloc_pid(struct pid_namespace *ns, pid_t set_tid);
> >  extern void free_pid(struct pid *pid);
> >  extern void disable_pid_allocation(struct pid_namespace *ns);
> >  
> > diff --git a/include/linux/sched/task.h b/include/linux/sched/task.h
> > index 0497091e40c1..4f2a80564332 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/sched/task.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/sched/task.h
> > @@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ struct kernel_clone_args {
> >  	unsigned long stack;
> >  	unsigned long stack_size;
> >  	unsigned long tls;
> > +	pid_t set_tid;
> >  };
> >  
> >  /*
> > diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/sched.h b/include/uapi/linux/sched.h
> > index b3105ac1381a..e1ce103a2c47 100644
> > --- a/include/uapi/linux/sched.h
> > +++ b/include/uapi/linux/sched.h
> > @@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ struct clone_args {
> >  	__aligned_u64 stack;
> >  	__aligned_u64 stack_size;
> >  	__aligned_u64 tls;
> > +	__aligned_u64 set_tid;
> >  };
> >  
> >  /*
> > diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c
> > index 2852d0e76ea3..2a03f0e201e9 100644
> > --- a/kernel/fork.c
> > +++ b/kernel/fork.c
> > @@ -117,6 +117,13 @@
> >   */
> >  #define MAX_THREADS FUTEX_TID_MASK
> >  
> > +/*
> > + * Different sizes of struct clone_args
> > + */
> > +#define CLONE3_ARGS_SIZE_V0 64
> > +/* V1 includes set_tid */
> > +#define CLONE3_ARGS_SIZE_V1 72
> > +
> >  /*
> >   * Protected counters by write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock)
> >   */
> > @@ -2031,7 +2038,13 @@ static __latent_entropy struct task_struct *copy_process(
> >  	stackleak_task_init(p);
> >  
> >  	if (pid != &init_struct_pid) {
> > -		pid = alloc_pid(p->nsproxy->pid_ns_for_children);
> > +		if (args->set_tid && !ns_capable(
> > +				p->nsproxy->pid_ns_for_children->user_ns,
> > +				CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
> > +			retval = -EPERM;
> > +			goto bad_fork_cleanup_thread;
> > +		}
> > +		pid = alloc_pid(p->nsproxy->pid_ns_for_children, args->set_tid);
> >  		if (IS_ERR(pid)) {
> >  			retval = PTR_ERR(pid);
> >  			goto bad_fork_cleanup_thread;
> > @@ -2535,9 +2548,14 @@ noinline static int copy_clone_args_from_user(struct kernel_clone_args *kargs,
> >  	if (unlikely(size > PAGE_SIZE))
> >  		return -E2BIG;
> >  
> > -	if (unlikely(size < sizeof(struct clone_args)))
> > +	/* The struct needs to be at least the size of the original struct. */
> 
> I don't think you need that comment. I think the macro is pretty
> self-explanatory. If you want it to be even clearer you could even make
> it CLONE3_ARGS_SIZE_MIN but V0 is good enough. :)

Will remove the comment.

> > +	if (unlikely(size < CLONE3_ARGS_SIZE_V0))
> >  		return -EINVAL;
> >  
> > +	if (size < sizeof(struct clone_args))
> > +		memset((void *)&args + size, 0,
> > +				sizeof(struct clone_args) - size);
> > +
> >  	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uargs, size)))
> >  		return -EFAULT;
> >  
> > @@ -2573,6 +2591,9 @@ noinline static int copy_clone_args_from_user(struct kernel_clone_args *kargs,
> >  		.tls		= args.tls,
> >  	};
> >  
> > +	if (size >= CLONE3_ARGS_SIZE_V1)
> > +		kargs->set_tid = args.set_tid;
> 
> Hm, the if-condition is not needed though, right? At this point we will
> have already copied from struct clone_args __user *uargs into struct
> clone_args args. If we hit that codepath that means the kernel
> definitely has a field for set_tid in its struct clone_args. :) So this
> could probably just be:
> 
>    		.tls		= args.tls,
> 		.set_tid	= args.set_tid,
> 	}
> 
> 	?

Right.

> > +
> >  	return 0;
> >  }
> >  
> > diff --git a/kernel/pid.c b/kernel/pid.c
> > index 0a9f2e437217..9ce89c35c5be 100644
> > --- a/kernel/pid.c
> > +++ b/kernel/pid.c
> > @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ void free_pid(struct pid *pid)
> >  	call_rcu(&pid->rcu, delayed_put_pid);
> >  }
> >  
> > -struct pid *alloc_pid(struct pid_namespace *ns)
> > +struct pid *alloc_pid(struct pid_namespace *ns, int set_tid)
> >  {
> >  	struct pid *pid;
> >  	enum pid_type type;
> > @@ -186,12 +186,32 @@ struct pid *alloc_pid(struct pid_namespace *ns)
> >  		if (idr_get_cursor(&tmp->idr) > RESERVED_PIDS)
> >  			pid_min = RESERVED_PIDS;
> >  
> > -		/*
> > -		 * Store a null pointer so find_pid_ns does not find
> > -		 * a partially initialized PID (see below).
> > -		 */
> > -		nr = idr_alloc_cyclic(&tmp->idr, NULL, pid_min,
> > -				      pid_max, GFP_ATOMIC);
> > +		if (set_tid) {
> > +			/*
> > +			 * Also fail if a PID != 1 is requested
> > +			 * and no PID 1 exists.
> > +			 */
> > +			nr = -EINVAL;
> > +			if (set_tid < pid_max && set_tid > 0 &&
> 
> Hm, you're already in the if-branch hat verified if (set_tid) so the
> set_tid > 0 conjunct seems redundant. :)

Yes, but I dropped all checks to see if set_tid is negative as suggested
by Oleg and moved it here.

> > +			    (set_tid == 1 || !idr_is_empty(&tmp->idr)))
> > +				nr = idr_alloc(&tmp->idr, NULL, set_tid,
> > +					       set_tid + 1, GFP_ATOMIC);
> 
> I'm confused, shouldn't this be
> 
> 	if (set_tid < pid_max || (set_tid == 1 && !idr_is_emtpy(&tmp->idf)))

Now I am also confused ;). This does not work. This will always return
true if set_tid is less than pid_max. So pid_max needs to be something
like 1 for the check after || to make sense, right? But you really got
me confused here right now. Right now I still think what I did is
correct.

> > +			/*
> > +			 * If ENOSPC is returned it means that the PID is
> > +			 * alreay in use. Return EEXIST in that case.
> > +			 */
> > +			if (nr == -ENOSPC)
> > +				nr = -EEXIST;
> > +			/* Only use set_tid for one PID namespace. */
> > +			set_tid = 0;
> > +		} else {
> > +			/*
> > +			 * Store a null pointer so find_pid_ns does not find
> > +			 * a partially initialized PID (see below).
> > +			 */
> > +			nr = idr_alloc_cyclic(&tmp->idr, NULL, pid_min,
> > +					      pid_max, GFP_ATOMIC);
> > +		}
> >  		spin_unlock_irq(&pidmap_lock);
> >  		idr_preload_end();
> >  
> > -- 
> > 2.21.0
> >