From: "Darrick J. Wong" <djwong@kernel.org>
To: bernd@bsbernd.com
Cc: fuse-devel@lists.linux.dev
Subject: [PATCH] checkpatch.pl: update to linux 7.0
Date: Tue, 12 May 2026 10:46:33 -0700 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20260512174633.GA9544@frogsfrogsfrogs> (raw)
From: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Update this script to match the version from Linux 7.0, without
clobbering Bernd's _Atomic additions. This fixes the complaints
about "overly long" Fixes: commit ids.
Signed-off-by: "Darrick J. Wong" <djwong@kernel.org>
---
checkpatch.pl | 226 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
1 file changed, 168 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-)
diff --git a/checkpatch.pl b/checkpatch.pl
index 2d44e0e6edac30..ae480dfd9c906c 100755
--- a/checkpatch.pl
+++ b/checkpatch.pl
@@ -113,7 +113,8 @@ Options:
--max-line-length=n set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
if exceeded, warn on patches
requires --strict for use with --file
- --min-conf-desc-length=n set the min description length, if shorter, warn
+ --min-conf-desc-length=n set the minimum description length for config symbols
+ in lines, if shorter, warn (default $min_conf_desc_length)
--tab-size=n set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
--root=PATH PATH to the kernel tree root
--no-summary suppress the per-file summary
@@ -150,6 +151,24 @@ EOM
exit($exitcode);
}
+my $DO_WHILE_0_ADVICE = q{
+ do {} while (0) advice is over-stated in a few situations:
+
+ The more obvious case is macros, like MODULE_PARM_DESC, invoked at
+ file-scope, where C disallows code (it must be in functions). See
+ $exceptions if you have one to add by name.
+
+ More troublesome is declarative macros used at top of new scope,
+ like DECLARE_PER_CPU. These might just compile with a do-while-0
+ wrapper, but would be incorrect. Most of these are handled by
+ detecting struct,union,etc declaration primitives in $exceptions.
+
+ Theres also macros called inside an if (block), which "return" an
+ expression. These cannot do-while, and need a ({}) wrapper.
+
+ Enjoy this qualification while we work to improve our heuristics.
+};
+
sub uniq {
my %seen;
return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
@@ -667,6 +686,9 @@ our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
[\.\!:\s]*
)};
+# Device ID types like found in include/linux/mod_devicetable.h.
+our $dev_id_types = qr{\b[a-z]\w*_device_id\b};
+
sub edit_distance_min {
my (@arr) = @_;
my $len = scalar @arr;
@@ -835,20 +857,16 @@ foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
$mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
our %deprecated_apis = (
- "synchronize_rcu_bh" => "synchronize_rcu",
- "synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited" => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
- "call_rcu_bh" => "call_rcu",
- "rcu_barrier_bh" => "rcu_barrier",
- "synchronize_sched" => "synchronize_rcu",
- "synchronize_sched_expedited" => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
- "call_rcu_sched" => "call_rcu",
- "rcu_barrier_sched" => "rcu_barrier",
- "get_state_synchronize_sched" => "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
- "cond_synchronize_sched" => "cond_synchronize_rcu",
"kmap" => "kmap_local_page",
"kunmap" => "kunmap_local",
"kmap_atomic" => "kmap_local_page",
"kunmap_atomic" => "kunmap_local",
+ #These should be enough to drive away new IDR users
+ "DEFINE_IDR" => "DEFINE_XARRAY",
+ "idr_init" => "xa_init",
+ "idr_init_base" => "xa_init_flags",
+ "rcu_read_lock_trace" => "rcu_read_lock_tasks_trace",
+ "rcu_read_unlock_trace" => "rcu_read_unlock_tasks_trace",
);
#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
@@ -1085,7 +1103,9 @@ our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
(?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(|
- (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:XA_STATE|XA_STATE_ORDER)\s*\(
+ (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:XA_STATE|XA_STATE_ORDER)\s*\(|
+ __cacheline_group_(?:begin|end)(?:_aligned)?\s*\(|
+ __dma_from_device_group_(?:begin|end)\s*\(
)};
our %allow_repeated_words = (
@@ -2625,6 +2645,11 @@ sub exclude_global_initialisers {
$realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
}
+sub is_userspace {
+ my ($realfile) = @_;
+ return ($realfile =~ m@^tools/@ || $realfile =~ m@^scripts/@);
+}
+
sub process {
my $filename = shift;
@@ -2876,7 +2901,7 @@ sub process {
if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
- "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
+ "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in arch/<architecture>/include/asm\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
}
$found_file = 1;
}
@@ -3011,6 +3036,16 @@ sub process {
}
}
+# Check for invalid patch separator
+ if ($in_commit_log &&
+ $line =~ /^---.+/) {
+ if (ERROR("BAD_COMMIT_SEPARATOR",
+ "Invalid commit separator - some tools may have problems applying this\n" . $herecurr) &&
+ $fix) {
+ $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/-/=/g;
+ }
+ }
+
# Check for patch separator
if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
$has_patch_separator = 1;
@@ -3231,19 +3266,19 @@ sub process {
my $tag_case = not ($tag eq "Fixes:");
my $tag_space = not ($line =~ /^fixes:? [0-9a-f]{5,40} ($balanced_parens)/i);
- my $id_length = not ($orig_commit =~ /^[0-9a-f]{12}$/i);
+ my $id_length = not ($orig_commit =~ /^[0-9a-f]{12,40}$/i);
my $id_case = not ($orig_commit !~ /[A-F]/);
my $id = "0123456789ab";
my ($cid, $ctitle) = git_commit_info($orig_commit, $id,
$title);
- if ($ctitle ne $title || $tag_case || $tag_space ||
- $id_length || $id_case || !$title_has_quotes) {
+ if (defined($cid) && ($ctitle ne $title || $tag_case || $tag_space || $id_length || $id_case || !$title_has_quotes)) {
+ my $fixed = "Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")";
if (WARN("BAD_FIXES_TAG",
- "Please use correct Fixes: style 'Fixes: <12 chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: 'Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")'\n" . $herecurr) &&
+ "Please use correct Fixes: style 'Fixes: <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '$fixed'\n" . $herecurr) &&
$fix) {
- $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")";
+ $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed;
}
}
}
@@ -3283,7 +3318,7 @@ sub process {
# file delta changes
$line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-\+]*\/)++[\w\.\-\+]+:/ ||
# filename then :
- $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|$link_tags_search|$signature_tags)/i ||
+ $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|https?:|$link_tags_search|$signature_tags)/i ||
# A Fixes:, link or signature tag line
$commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
@@ -3329,6 +3364,13 @@ sub process {
}
}
+# Check for auto-generated unhandled placeholder text (mostly for cover letters)
+ if (($in_commit_log || $in_header_lines) &&
+ $rawline =~ /(?:SUBJECT|BLURB) HERE/) {
+ ERROR("PLACEHOLDER_USE",
+ "Placeholder text detected\n" . $herecurr);
+ }
+
# Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
# A correctly formed commit description is:
# commit <SHA-1 hash length 12+ chars> ("Complete commit subject")
@@ -3492,9 +3534,10 @@ sub process {
# Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
if (defined($misspellings) &&
($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
- while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
+ my $rawline_utf8 = decode("utf8", $rawline);
+ while ($rawline_utf8 =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
my $typo = $1;
- my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
+ my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline_utf8);
my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
@@ -3656,7 +3699,7 @@ sub process {
$help_length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $ln - 1);
WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
- "please write a help paragraph that fully describes the config symbol\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
+ "please write a help paragraph that fully describes the config symbol with at least $min_conf_desc_length lines\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
}
}
@@ -3700,20 +3743,6 @@ sub process {
}
}
- if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
- ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
- my $flag = $1;
- my $replacement = {
- 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' => 'asflags-y',
- 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' => 'ccflags-y',
- 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
- 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' => 'ldflags-y',
- };
-
- WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
- "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
- }
-
# check for DT compatible documentation
if (defined $root &&
(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
@@ -3745,6 +3774,18 @@ sub process {
}
}
+# Check for RGMII phy-mode with delay on PCB
+ if ($realfile =~ /\.(dts|dtsi|dtso)$/ &&
+ $line =~ /^\+\s*(phy-mode|phy-connection-type)\s*=\s*"/ &&
+ !ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
+ my $prop = $1;
+ my $mode = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
+ if ($mode =~ /^"rgmii(?:|-rxid|-txid)"$/) {
+ WARN("UNCOMMENTED_RGMII_MODE",
+ "$prop $mode without comment -- delays on the PCB should be described, otherwise use \"rgmii-id\"\n" . $herecurr);
+ }
+ }
+
# check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
@@ -4828,7 +4869,7 @@ sub process {
}
# do not use BUG() or variants
- if ($line =~ /\b(?!AA_|BUILD_|DCCP_|IDA_|KVM_|RWLOCK_|snd_|SPIN_)(?:[a-zA-Z_]*_)?BUG(?:_ON)?(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(/) {
+ if ($line =~ /\b(?!AA_|BUILD_|IDA_|KVM_|RWLOCK_|snd_|SPIN_)(?:[a-zA-Z_]*_)?BUG(?:_ON)?(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(/) {
my $msg_level = \&WARN;
$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
&{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
@@ -5514,9 +5555,9 @@ sub process {
}
}
-# check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
-# when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
- if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
+# check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons
+# except in drivers/staging
+ if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@) &&
$perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
$stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
my $if_stat = $1;
@@ -5844,6 +5885,8 @@ sub process {
#CamelCase
if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
$var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
+#Ignore C keywords
+ $var !~ /^_Generic$/ &&
#Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
$var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
#Ignore Page<foo> variants
@@ -5905,9 +5948,9 @@ sub process {
}
}
-# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
-# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
-# in a known good container
+# Usually multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do {} while
+# (0) loop. Grab the first statement and ensure its the whole macro
+# if its not enclosed in a known good container
if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
$line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
my $ln = $linenr;
@@ -5960,10 +6003,13 @@ sub process {
my $exceptions = qr{
$Declare|
+ # named exceptions
module_param_named|
MODULE_PARM_DESC|
DECLARE_PER_CPU|
DEFINE_PER_CPU|
+ static_assert|
+ # declaration primitives
__typeof__\(|
union|
struct|
@@ -5998,11 +6044,11 @@ sub process {
ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
"Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
} elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
- ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
- "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
+ WARN("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
+ "Non-declarative macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx\nBUT SEE:\n$DO_WHILE_0_ADVICE");
} else {
ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
- "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
+ "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx\nBUT SEE:\n$DO_WHILE_0_ADVICE");
}
}
@@ -6046,7 +6092,7 @@ sub process {
}
# check if this is an unused argument
- if ($define_stmt !~ /\b$arg\b/) {
+ if ($define_stmt !~ /\b$arg\b/ && $define_stmt) {
WARN("MACRO_ARG_UNUSED",
"Argument '$arg' is not used in function-like macro\n" . "$herectx");
}
@@ -6702,6 +6748,13 @@ sub process {
}
}
+# check for context_unsafe without a comment.
+ if ($line =~ /\bcontext_unsafe\b/ &&
+ !ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
+ WARN("CONTEXT_UNSAFE",
+ "context_unsafe without comment\n" . $herecurr);
+ }
+
# check of hardware specific defines
if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
@@ -6913,7 +6966,7 @@ sub process {
($extension eq "f" &&
defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
($extension eq "4" &&
- defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
+ defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^c(?:[hlbc]|hR)$/)) {
$bad_specifier = $specifier;
last;
}
@@ -7003,21 +7056,20 @@ sub process {
# }
# }
# }
-
# strcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
- if ($line =~ /\bstrcpy\s*\(/) {
+ if ($line =~ /\bstrcpy\s*\(/ && !is_userspace($realfile)) {
WARN("STRCPY",
"Prefer strscpy over strcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/88\n" . $herecurr);
}
# strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
- if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
+ if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/ && !is_userspace($realfile)) {
WARN("STRLCPY",
"Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/89\n" . $herecurr);
}
# strncpy uses that should likely be strscpy or strscpy_pad
- if ($line =~ /\bstrncpy\s*\(/) {
+ if ($line =~ /\bstrncpy\s*\(/ && !is_userspace($realfile)) {
WARN("STRNCPY",
"Prefer strscpy, strscpy_pad, or __nonstring over strncpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/90\n" . $herecurr);
}
@@ -7228,17 +7280,42 @@ sub process {
"Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
}
-# check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kvmalloc_array/kvcalloc/kcalloc
+# check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc that could be kmalloc_obj/kvmalloc_obj/kzalloc_obj/kvzalloc_obj
+ if ($perl_version_ok &&
+ defined $stat &&
+ $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
+ my $oldfunc = $3;
+ my $a1 = $4;
+ my $newfunc = "kmalloc_obj";
+ $newfunc = "kvmalloc_obj" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
+ $newfunc = "kvzalloc_obj" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
+ $newfunc = "kzalloc_obj" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
+
+ if ($a1 =~ s/^sizeof\s*\S\(?([^\)]*)\)?$/$1/) {
+ my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
+ my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
+
+ if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_SIZEOF",
+ "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with sizeof\n" . $herectx) &&
+ $cnt == 1 &&
+ $fix) {
+ $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/$1 = $newfunc($a1,/;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+
+# check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_objs/kvmalloc_objs/kzalloc_objs/kvzalloc_objs
if ($perl_version_ok &&
defined $stat &&
$stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
my $oldfunc = $3;
my $a1 = $4;
my $a2 = $10;
- my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
- $newfunc = "kvmalloc_array" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
- $newfunc = "kvcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
- $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
+ my $newfunc = "kmalloc_objs";
+ $newfunc = "kvmalloc_objs" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
+ $newfunc = "kvzalloc_objs" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
+ $newfunc = "kzalloc_objs" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
my $r1 = $a1;
my $r2 = $a2;
if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
@@ -7254,7 +7331,9 @@ sub process {
"Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
$cnt == 1 &&
$fix) {
- $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
+ my $sized = trim($r2);
+ $sized =~ s/^sizeof\s*\S\(?([^\)]*)\)?$/$1/;
+ $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . $sized . ', ' . trim($r1)/e;
}
}
}
@@ -7677,6 +7756,37 @@ sub process {
WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
"duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
}
+
+# Check that *_device_id tables have sentinel entries.
+ if (defined $stat && $line =~ /struct\s+$dev_id_types\s+\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
+ my $stripped = $stat;
+
+ # Strip diff line prefixes.
+ $stripped =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
+ # Line continuations.
+ $stripped =~ s/\\\n/\n/g;
+ # Strip whitespace, empty strings, zeroes, and commas.
+ $stripped =~ s/""//g;
+ $stripped =~ s/0x0//g;
+ $stripped =~ s/[\s$;,0]//g;
+ # Strip field assignments.
+ $stripped =~ s/\.$Ident=//g;
+
+ if (!(substr($stripped, -4) eq "{}};" ||
+ substr($stripped, -6) eq "{{}}};" ||
+ $stripped =~ /ISAPNP_DEVICE_SINGLE_END}};$/ ||
+ $stripped =~ /ISAPNP_CARD_END}};$/ ||
+ $stripped =~ /NULL};$/ ||
+ $stripped =~ /PCMCIA_DEVICE_NULL};$/)) {
+ ERROR("MISSING_SENTINEL", "missing sentinel in ID array\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
+ }
+ }
+
+# check for uninitialized pointers with __free attribute
+ while ($line =~ /\*\s*($Ident)\s+__free\s*\(\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[,;]/g) {
+ ERROR("UNINITIALIZED_PTR_WITH_FREE",
+ "pointer '$1' with __free attribute should be initialized\n" . $herecurr);
+ }
}
# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
reply other threads:[~2026-05-12 17:46 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: [no followups] expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed
Reply instructions:
You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:
* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
and reply-to-all from there: mbox
Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style
* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
switches of git-send-email(1):
git send-email \
--in-reply-to=20260512174633.GA9544@frogsfrogsfrogs \
--to=djwong@kernel.org \
--cc=bernd@bsbernd.com \
--cc=fuse-devel@lists.linux.dev \
/path/to/YOUR_REPLY
https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html
* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line
before the message body.
This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.