From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from sender-op-o17.zoho.eu (sender-op-o17.zoho.eu [136.143.169.17]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id D456D30C150; Sat, 25 Jul 2026 13:52:50 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=pass smtp.client-ip=136.143.169.17 ARC-Seal:i=2; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1784987573; cv=pass; b=q+e0U5fnwH3N47ip633rzO3SGWSBLR9yId5qEAUGZriJEoiWFAF1m6G7HRp2cKdTk+XCReAjLRPEoyvAnPxIK3ShizQU2HlWutDNcZbc5JkSts5nBz0J/mpazLmp6TxoDlYv3Dfh3l3dJL6prg5VtUZ9hqUalg/VZ8sDhr2F4oY= ARC-Message-Signature:i=2; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1784987573; c=relaxed/simple; bh=z44Pb1crQFD03JqAKCMy1w7fKEex8Z93gaQhL33xbXc=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:Message-ID:MIME-Version; b=XhrF/RTUghuycB9P1BHNzqfiMHvhdChOEx1VAP85+X/uKNPmDO6J5+5Jeegkl0y4MWlOfMWDsYz971JUxW1Kcd9APCHj2ZgHpISYXFmlhATgJXjx912SDCi0vmQLFNlrr/xms2thw9itxjqQXAaaf5oTIyt8eV0dcUBWev5RZes= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=2; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=auditcode.ai; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=auditcode.ai; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=auditcode.ai header.i=security@auditcode.ai header.b=QC+sagcM; arc=pass smtp.client-ip=136.143.169.17 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=auditcode.ai Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=auditcode.ai Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (1024-bit key) header.d=auditcode.ai header.i=security@auditcode.ai header.b="QC+sagcM" ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; t=1784987519; cv=none; d=zohomail.eu; s=zohoarc; b=kCdOLHzyqntwcE1Bp4tLsPd9iwZszhRzir3VM4mr9cTmV7/j4l700ojVG6Q2xdGjDPGZUyejO0X+eOQwbWkt2Jrpo8tBQtFLkAihV1Jp+AB683u1ArorR787eNh3ePJf5d8oSH3wxMvT06d7vfAlDbtcXVpWj2CVR6LW2IhHmnI= ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=zohomail.eu; s=zohoarc; t=1784987519; h=Content-Transfer-Encoding:Cc:Cc:Date:Date:From:From:MIME-Version:Message-ID:Subject:Subject:To:To:Message-Id:Reply-To; bh=IhyTpGoxDFbY+RWbyKeiv8Dc+d1t6oiztG0rAsNFj6I=; b=bAsAIJEJVkXu+lMioOIrs0ZQ7Py7MZ3eaI5lNan2L1sJEDr1qravmFQ1lwe09dLDVwwLOWDi1og6BlCTZIhYZ3bIz9a0JrFFBtG4P0OLvDZhVY2mCCBRiUaPfpUR5WHVwlJpQIi+6z6aCAgmL7zUqkfTFDPaa1ET436EClzcHOw= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx.zohomail.eu; dkim=pass header.i=auditcode.ai; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=security@auditcode.ai; dmarc=pass header.from= DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; t=1784987519; s=zmail; d=auditcode.ai; i=security@auditcode.ai; h=From:From:To:To:Cc:Cc:Subject:Subject:Date:Date:Message-ID:MIME-Version:Content-Transfer-Encoding:Message-Id:Reply-To; bh=IhyTpGoxDFbY+RWbyKeiv8Dc+d1t6oiztG0rAsNFj6I=; b=QC+sagcM9feDvzRU7U76BrVZEF37LGvZMEevNVRMd9RYshSNNjFjcpcLpsTM/jZT yIoYVRAATqgoBaOWO+HjRfLMFUH/GnC8J6+ROJBNnw05LbVEzGHw6RpjvFR0uHDBwxA 7foq5hHy6UWw/Sp+EXZYemL2cpDS8T6+FPJuNnf4= Received: by mx.zoho.eu with SMTPS id 1784987517461687.1993605818986; Sat, 25 Jul 2026 15:51:57 +0200 (CEST) From: Ibrahim Hashimov To: miquel.raynal@bootlin.com, alex.aring@gmail.com, stefan@datenfreihafen.org Cc: kuba@kernel.org, davem@davemloft.net, edumazet@google.com, pabeni@redhat.com, horms@kernel.org, david.girault@qorvo.com, linux-wpan@vger.kernel.org, netdev@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, stable@vger.kernel.org Subject: [PATCH wpan v3] mac802154: fix use-after-free of sdata via queued RX frames Date: Sat, 25 Jul 2026 15:51:54 +0200 Message-ID: <20260725135154.99876-1-security@auditcode.ai> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.50.1 Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-wpan@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-ZohoMailClient: External The RX softirq producer ieee802154_subif_frame() queues received beacon and MAC-command frames onto local->rx_beacon_list / rx_mac_cmd_list and schedules a process-context worker, storing a raw mac_pkt->sdata (and skb->dev == sdata->dev) with neither a reference nor any locking: - the lists have no lock: the softirq producer list_add_tail()s while the mac_wq worker list_del()s, so sibling interfaces on the same phy corrupt the list; - the workers dereference the interface after it may have been freed. mac802154_rx_mac_cmd_worker() touches mac_pkt->sdata directly, and mac802154_rx_beacon_worker() -> mac802154_process_beacon() dereferences skb->dev (== sdata->dev). Removing an interface frees its sdata (netdev_priv) while a queued frame still points at it, so a later worker run is a use-after-free. Reproduced under KASAN by flooding a victim interface with MAC command frames and removing it (the beacon path is the same class via skb->dev): BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mac802154_rx_mac_cmd_worker+0x463/0x630 [mac802154] Read of size 4 at addr ffff888002f9ea18 by task kworker/u8:1/31 Workqueue: phy0-mac-cmds mac802154_rx_mac_cmd_worker [mac802154] Call Trace: mac802154_rx_mac_cmd_worker+0x463/0x630 [mac802154] process_one_work+0x611/0xe80 worker_thread+0x52e/0xdc0 kthread+0x30c/0x630 ret_from_fork+0x2fd/0x3e0 Fix both lists together: - add local->rx_lock and take it around every list access: the softirq producer (plain spin_lock, softirq context) and the workers and flush (spin_lock_bh, process context); - pin the interface for the lifetime of a queued frame with netdev_hold()/netdev_put(), so the worker can safely dereference sdata / skb->dev even while the interface is being removed; - dequeue under the lock at the head and loop-drain the whole list in the workers (they previously processed one frame per run and relied on a later enqueue to drain the rest); - drop not-yet-started frames of an interface before it is unregistered, from ieee802154_if_remove() (after the RCU grace period) and from the ieee802154_remove_interfaces() loop -- the latter is the whole-phy teardown path, which does not go through ieee802154_if_remove(). An in-flight worker that already dequeued a frame keeps its own netdev reference; unregister_netdevice() then waits it out in netdev_run_todo(), which runs at rtnl_unlock() (rtnl released) and after the interface has been closed, so it does not pin rtnl. A worker blocked in an association TX only delays that one interface's unregister (the usual "waiting for %s to become free"), it does not hold rtnl. netdev_hold() is used for this reason instead of a cancel_work_sync() under rtnl, which would block on the worker's unbounded MLME TX wait via ieee802154_sync_queue(). The mac-command worker additionally skips processing for a stopped interface (ieee802154_sdata_running()), avoiding a needless association response during teardown. Fixes: 57588c71177f ("mac802154: Handle passive scanning") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Ibrahim Hashimov Assisted-by: AuditCode-AI:2026.07 --- v3: - Cover rx_beacon_list too: its worker dereferences the interface via skb->dev in mac802154_process_beacon(), so it has the same UAF. v2 wrongly stated the beacon worker never touches the interface (raised by Miquel Raynal and by automated race analysis on the list). - Use per-frame netdev_hold() instead of drain + cancel_work_sync(). The cancel_work_sync() ran under rtnl in ieee802154_if_remove() and could pin rtnl for the length of an in-flight association TX (ieee802154_sync_queue(), unbounded). The netdev reference is instead waited on in netdev_run_todo(), after rtnl is dropped (raised by Jakub Kicinski and by automated race analysis). - Fix whole-phy teardown: v2 drained in ieee802154_unregister_hw() before the interfaces were stopped, so a frame could still be queued after the drain and run against freed sdata. Drain per-interface in the ieee802154_remove_interfaces() loop instead. - Loop-drain the workers (also fixes a pre-existing one-frame-per-run stranding); required so queued netdev references cannot be left pending. - Include the KASAN splat. v2: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260722101608.37744-1-security@auditcode.ai/ v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260710111353.12138-1-security@auditcode.ai/ include/net/cfg802154.h | 1 + net/mac802154/ieee802154_i.h | 8 +++ net/mac802154/iface.c | 6 ++ net/mac802154/main.c | 1 + net/mac802154/rx.c | 120 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- net/mac802154/scan.c | 10 +-- 6 files changed, 117 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/net/cfg802154.h b/include/net/cfg802154.h index 76d2cd2e2b30..2e960441ea49 100644 --- a/include/net/cfg802154.h +++ b/include/net/cfg802154.h @@ -376,6 +376,7 @@ struct cfg802154_mac_pkt { struct list_head node; struct sk_buff *skb; struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata; + netdevice_tracker dev_tracker; u8 page; u8 channel; }; diff --git a/net/mac802154/ieee802154_i.h b/net/mac802154/ieee802154_i.h index 8f2bff268392..279ff4e9b11e 100644 --- a/net/mac802154/ieee802154_i.h +++ b/net/mac802154/ieee802154_i.h @@ -74,6 +74,10 @@ struct ieee802154_local { struct work_struct rx_beacon_work; struct list_head rx_mac_cmd_list; struct work_struct rx_mac_cmd_work; + /* Serializes rx_beacon_list and rx_mac_cmd_list against the RX + * softirq producer, the mac_wq workers and the teardown flush. + */ + spinlock_t rx_lock; /* Association */ struct ieee802154_pan_device *assoc_dev; @@ -300,6 +304,10 @@ static inline bool mac802154_is_beaconing(struct ieee802154_local *local) } void mac802154_rx_mac_cmd_worker(struct work_struct *work); +void mac802154_flush_list(struct list_head *list, + struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata); +void mac802154_flush_queued_pkts(struct ieee802154_local *local, + struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata); int mac802154_perform_association(struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata, struct ieee802154_pan_device *coord, diff --git a/net/mac802154/iface.c b/net/mac802154/iface.c index b823720630e7..31353795fa24 100644 --- a/net/mac802154/iface.c +++ b/net/mac802154/iface.c @@ -694,6 +694,7 @@ void ieee802154_if_remove(struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata) mutex_unlock(&sdata->local->iflist_mtx); synchronize_rcu(); + mac802154_flush_queued_pkts(sdata->local, sdata); unregister_netdevice(sdata->dev); } @@ -705,6 +706,11 @@ void ieee802154_remove_interfaces(struct ieee802154_local *local) list_for_each_entry_safe(sdata, tmp, &local->interfaces, list) { list_del_rcu(&sdata->list); + /* Best-effort: a frame the RX softirq queues for this sdata + * after the flush still pins the netdev, so the + * unregister_netdevice() below waits it out. + */ + mac802154_flush_queued_pkts(local, sdata); unregister_netdevice(sdata->dev); } mutex_unlock(&local->iflist_mtx); diff --git a/net/mac802154/main.c b/net/mac802154/main.c index ea1efef3572a..386c086c79d1 100644 --- a/net/mac802154/main.c +++ b/net/mac802154/main.c @@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ ieee802154_alloc_hw(size_t priv_data_len, const struct ieee802154_ops *ops) INIT_LIST_HEAD(&local->interfaces); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&local->rx_beacon_list); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&local->rx_mac_cmd_list); + spin_lock_init(&local->rx_lock); mutex_init(&local->iflist_mtx); tasklet_setup(&local->tasklet, ieee802154_tasklet_handler); diff --git a/net/mac802154/rx.c b/net/mac802154/rx.c index cd8f2a11920d..19b5382e85a8 100644 --- a/net/mac802154/rx.c +++ b/net/mac802154/rx.c @@ -35,16 +35,23 @@ void mac802154_rx_beacon_worker(struct work_struct *work) container_of(work, struct ieee802154_local, rx_beacon_work); struct cfg802154_mac_pkt *mac_pkt; - mac_pkt = list_first_entry_or_null(&local->rx_beacon_list, - struct cfg802154_mac_pkt, node); - if (!mac_pkt) - return; + for (;;) { + spin_lock_bh(&local->rx_lock); + mac_pkt = list_first_entry_or_null(&local->rx_beacon_list, + struct cfg802154_mac_pkt, node); + if (mac_pkt) + list_del(&mac_pkt->node); + spin_unlock_bh(&local->rx_lock); + if (!mac_pkt) + break; - mac802154_process_beacon(local, mac_pkt->skb, mac_pkt->page, mac_pkt->channel); + mac802154_process_beacon(local, mac_pkt->skb, + mac_pkt->page, mac_pkt->channel); - list_del(&mac_pkt->node); - kfree_skb(mac_pkt->skb); - kfree(mac_pkt); + netdev_put(mac_pkt->sdata->dev, &mac_pkt->dev_tracker); + kfree_skb(mac_pkt->skb); + kfree(mac_pkt); + } } static bool mac802154_should_answer_beacon_req(struct ieee802154_local *local) @@ -68,22 +75,15 @@ static bool mac802154_should_answer_beacon_req(struct ieee802154_local *local) return interval == IEEE802154_ACTIVE_SCAN_DURATION; } -void mac802154_rx_mac_cmd_worker(struct work_struct *work) +static void mac802154_rx_mac_cmd(struct ieee802154_local *local, + struct cfg802154_mac_pkt *mac_pkt) { - struct ieee802154_local *local = - container_of(work, struct ieee802154_local, rx_mac_cmd_work); - struct cfg802154_mac_pkt *mac_pkt; u8 mac_cmd; int rc; - mac_pkt = list_first_entry_or_null(&local->rx_mac_cmd_list, - struct cfg802154_mac_pkt, node); - if (!mac_pkt) - return; - rc = ieee802154_get_mac_cmd(mac_pkt->skb, &mac_cmd); if (rc) - goto out; + return; switch (mac_cmd) { case IEEE802154_CMD_BEACON_REQ: @@ -121,11 +121,81 @@ void mac802154_rx_mac_cmd_worker(struct work_struct *work) default: break; } +} -out: - list_del(&mac_pkt->node); - kfree_skb(mac_pkt->skb); - kfree(mac_pkt); +void mac802154_rx_mac_cmd_worker(struct work_struct *work) +{ + struct ieee802154_local *local = + container_of(work, struct ieee802154_local, rx_mac_cmd_work); + struct cfg802154_mac_pkt *mac_pkt; + + for (;;) { + spin_lock_bh(&local->rx_lock); + mac_pkt = list_first_entry_or_null(&local->rx_mac_cmd_list, + struct cfg802154_mac_pkt, node); + if (mac_pkt) + list_del(&mac_pkt->node); + spin_unlock_bh(&local->rx_lock); + if (!mac_pkt) + break; + + /* A stopped interface cannot transmit; skipping avoids a + * needless association response (and the !netif_running() + * warning it would trip) during teardown. The beacon worker + * needs no such check as it never transmits. + */ + if (ieee802154_sdata_running(mac_pkt->sdata)) + mac802154_rx_mac_cmd(local, mac_pkt); + + netdev_put(mac_pkt->sdata->dev, &mac_pkt->dev_tracker); + kfree_skb(mac_pkt->skb); + kfree(mac_pkt); + } +} + +/** + * mac802154_flush_list - free queued RX frames on @list + * @list: rx_beacon_list or rx_mac_cmd_list + * @sdata: only free frames received on this interface, or %NULL for all + * + * Each frame pins the net_device it was received on (via netdev_hold()), + * so release that reference as the frame is dropped. Caller must hold + * local->rx_lock. + */ +void mac802154_flush_list(struct list_head *list, + struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata) +{ + struct cfg802154_mac_pkt *mac_pkt, *tmp; + + list_for_each_entry_safe(mac_pkt, tmp, list, node) { + if (sdata && mac_pkt->sdata != sdata) + continue; + list_del(&mac_pkt->node); + netdev_put(mac_pkt->sdata->dev, &mac_pkt->dev_tracker); + kfree_skb(mac_pkt->skb); + kfree(mac_pkt); + } +} + +/** + * mac802154_flush_queued_pkts - drop queued RX work referencing @sdata + * @local: the mac802154 device + * @sdata: interface being removed + * + * The workers dereference the queued frame's interface directly + * (mac_pkt->sdata) or through skb->dev in mac802154_process_beacon(). Drop + * the not-yet-started entries belonging to @sdata before it is unregistered + * so their netdev reference is released; an entry already dequeued by a + * running worker keeps its own reference until the worker completes, which + * unregister_netdevice() then waits out. + */ +void mac802154_flush_queued_pkts(struct ieee802154_local *local, + struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata) +{ + spin_lock_bh(&local->rx_lock); + mac802154_flush_list(&local->rx_beacon_list, sdata); + mac802154_flush_list(&local->rx_mac_cmd_list, sdata); + spin_unlock_bh(&local->rx_lock); } static int @@ -221,7 +291,10 @@ ieee802154_subif_frame(struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata, mac_pkt->sdata = sdata; mac_pkt->page = sdata->local->scan_page; mac_pkt->channel = sdata->local->scan_channel; + netdev_hold(sdata->dev, &mac_pkt->dev_tracker, GFP_ATOMIC); + spin_lock(&sdata->local->rx_lock); list_add_tail(&mac_pkt->node, &sdata->local->rx_beacon_list); + spin_unlock(&sdata->local->rx_lock); queue_work(sdata->local->mac_wq, &sdata->local->rx_beacon_work); return NET_RX_SUCCESS; @@ -233,7 +306,10 @@ ieee802154_subif_frame(struct ieee802154_sub_if_data *sdata, mac_pkt->skb = skb_get(skb); mac_pkt->sdata = sdata; + netdev_hold(sdata->dev, &mac_pkt->dev_tracker, GFP_ATOMIC); + spin_lock(&sdata->local->rx_lock); list_add_tail(&mac_pkt->node, &sdata->local->rx_mac_cmd_list); + spin_unlock(&sdata->local->rx_lock); queue_work(sdata->local->mac_wq, &sdata->local->rx_mac_cmd_work); return NET_RX_SUCCESS; diff --git a/net/mac802154/scan.c b/net/mac802154/scan.c index 300d4584533e..245e32970c05 100644 --- a/net/mac802154/scan.c +++ b/net/mac802154/scan.c @@ -104,13 +104,9 @@ static unsigned int mac802154_scan_get_channel_time(u8 duration_order, static void mac802154_flush_queued_beacons(struct ieee802154_local *local) { - struct cfg802154_mac_pkt *mac_pkt, *tmp; - - list_for_each_entry_safe(mac_pkt, tmp, &local->rx_beacon_list, node) { - list_del(&mac_pkt->node); - kfree_skb(mac_pkt->skb); - kfree(mac_pkt); - } + spin_lock_bh(&local->rx_lock); + mac802154_flush_list(&local->rx_beacon_list, NULL); + spin_unlock_bh(&local->rx_lock); } static void -- 2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)