From: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
To: kvm@vger.kernel.org, kvmarm@lists.linux.dev,
linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org,
linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>,
Andreas Grapentin <gra@linux.ibm.com>,
Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>,
Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>,
Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>,
Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com>,
David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>,
Friedrich Welter <fritz@linux.ibm.com>,
Fuad Tabba <tabba@google.com>, Gautam Gala <ggala@linux.ibm.com>,
Hariharan Mari <hari55@linux.ibm.com>,
Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>,
Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.ibm.com>,
Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com>,
Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com>,
Joey Gouly <joey.gouly@arm.com>, Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>,
Nico Boehr <nrb@linux.ibm.com>,
Nina Schoetterl-Glausch <oss@nina.schoetterlglausch.eu>,
Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org>,
Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>,
Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>,
Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>,
Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>,
Ulrich Weigand <Ulrich.Weigand@de.ibm.com>,
Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>, Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>,
Zenghui Yu <yuzenghui@huawei.com>
Subject: [PATCH v6 29/33] KVM: s390: arm64: Implement required functions
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 17:36:25 +0200 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20260812153631.3376090-30-seiden@linux.ibm.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20260812153631.3376090-1-seiden@linux.ibm.com>
Implement the mostly trivial functions that the shared arm64 (kvm)
code & headers oblige s390 to implement.
Implement a very basic smccc handler that (non-compliantly) is just able
to stop a vcpu.
Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
---
arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_emulate.h | 130 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_nested.h | 11 +++
arch/s390/include/arm64/ptrace.h | 11 +++
arch/s390/include/arm64/sysreg.h | 13 +++
arch/s390/kvm/arm64/handle_exit.c | 98 +++++++++++++++++++
arch/s390/kvm/arm64/inject_fault.c | 21 +++++
6 files changed, 284 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_emulate.h
create mode 100644 arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_nested.h
create mode 100644 arch/s390/include/arm64/ptrace.h
create mode 100644 arch/s390/include/arm64/sysreg.h
create mode 100644 arch/s390/kvm/arm64/handle_exit.c
create mode 100644 arch/s390/kvm/arm64/inject_fault.c
diff --git a/arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_emulate.h b/arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_emulate.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c1551e3da8f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_emulate.h
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+
+#ifndef __S390_ARM64_KVM_EMULATE_H__
+#define __S390_ARM64_KVM_EMULATE_H__
+
+#include <asm/fault.h>
+#include <linux/kvm_host.h>
+
+#include <arm64/kvm_nested.h>
+#include <arm64/ptrace.h>
+#include <arm64/kvm_arm.h>
+#include <arm64/sysreg.h>
+
+static __always_inline unsigned long *vcpu_pc(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return (unsigned long *)&vcpu->arch.sae_block.pc;
+}
+
+static __always_inline unsigned long *vcpu_cpsr(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return (unsigned long *)&vcpu->arch.sae_block.pstate;
+}
+
+static __always_inline unsigned long *vcpu_sp_el0(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return (unsigned long *)&vcpu->arch.sae_block.sp_el0;
+}
+
+static __always_inline u64 *vcpu_sp_el1(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return &vcpu->arch.sae_block.sp_el1;
+}
+
+static __always_inline __vector128 *vcpu_vreg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int off)
+{
+ return &vcpu->arch.ctxt.vregs[off];
+}
+
+static __always_inline u64 *vcpu_fpsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return &vcpu->arch.sae_block.fpsr;
+}
+
+static __always_inline u64 *vcpu_fpcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return &vcpu->arch.sae_block.fpcr;
+}
+
+static __always_inline bool vcpu_mode_is_32bit(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return false;
+}
+
+static __always_inline u64 kvm_vcpu_get_esr(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return vcpu->arch.sae_block.hai.esr_elz;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long *vcpu_hcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return (unsigned long *)&vcpu->arch.hcr_elz;
+}
+
+static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_vcpu_get_hfar(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return vcpu->arch.sae_block.hai.far_elz;
+}
+
+static __always_inline phys_addr_t kvm_vcpu_get_fault_ipa(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return vcpu->arch.sae_block.hai.teid.addr * PAGE_SIZE;
+}
+
+static inline u16 kvm_vcpu_fault_pic(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return vcpu->arch.sae_block.hai.pic & PGM_INT_CODE_MASK;
+}
+
+static __always_inline
+bool kvm_vcpu_trap_is_permission_fault(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return kvm_vcpu_fault_pic(vcpu) == PGM_PROTECTION;
+}
+
+static __always_inline bool kvm_condition_valid(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return true;
+}
+
+static __always_inline bool vcpu_el1_is_32bit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return false;
+}
+
+static inline bool kvm_vcpu_is_be(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return false;
+}
+
+static inline int kvm_vcpu_abt_gltl(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return vcpu->arch.sae_block.hai.gltl;
+}
+
+static inline bool vcpu_mode_priv(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ u32 mode = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) & PSR_MODE_MASK;
+
+ return mode != PSR_MODE_EL0t;
+}
+
+static inline void kvm_skip_instr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ *vcpu_pc(vcpu) += 4;
+ *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) &= ~PSR_BTYPE_MASK;
+
+ /* advance the singlestep state machine */
+ *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) &= ~SPSR_ELx_SS;
+}
+
+static inline void kvm_reset_fpsimd(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ memset(vcpu->arch.ctxt.vregs, 0, sizeof(vcpu->arch.ctxt.vregs));
+ vcpu->arch.sae_block.fpsr = 0;
+ vcpu->arch.sae_block.fpcr = 0;
+}
+
+#include <arm64/kvm_emulate-gen.h>
+
+#endif /* __S390_ARM64_KVM_EMULATE_H__ */
diff --git a/arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_nested.h b/arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_nested.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e950b1a10c41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/s390/include/arm64/kvm_nested.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+
+#ifndef ASM_KVM_NESTED_H
+#define ASM_KVM_NESTED_H
+
+static inline bool vcpu_has_nv(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return false;
+}
+
+#endif /* ASM_KVM_NESTED_H */
diff --git a/arch/s390/include/arm64/ptrace.h b/arch/s390/include/arm64/ptrace.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..449b85582c97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/s390/include/arm64/ptrace.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+
+#ifndef __S390_ARM64_PTRACE_H__
+#define __S390_ARM64_PTRACE_H__
+
+#include <arm64/sysreg.h>
+#include <uapi/arm64/ptrace.h>
+
+#include <arm64/ptrace-gen.h>
+
+#endif /* __S390_ARM64_PTRACE_H__ */
diff --git a/arch/s390/include/arm64/sysreg.h b/arch/s390/include/arm64/sysreg.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ac6b638fef56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/s390/include/arm64/sysreg.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+
+#ifndef __S390_ARM64_SYSREG_H__
+#define __S390_ARM64_SYSREG_H__
+
+#include <linux/bits.h>
+#include <linux/stringify.h>
+#include <linux/kasan-tags.h>
+#include <linux/kconfig.h>
+
+#include <arm64/sysreg-gen.h>
+
+#endif /* __S390_ARM64_SYSREG_H__ */
diff --git a/arch/s390/kvm/arm64/handle_exit.c b/arch/s390/kvm/arm64/handle_exit.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ed872cd804dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/s390/kvm/arm64/handle_exit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <linux/kvm_host.h>
+
+#include <arm64/esr.h>
+#include <arm64/kvm_emulate.h>
+
+typedef int (*exit_handle_fn)(struct kvm_vcpu *);
+static exit_handle_fn arm_exit_handlers[ESR_ELx_EC_MAX + 1];
+
+#define __INCL_GEN_ARM_FILE
+#include "generated/handle_exit.inc"
+#undef __INCL_GEN_ARM_FILE
+
+#define PSCI_0_2_FN_SYSTEM_OFF 0x84000008
+#define PSCI_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED -1
+#define PSCI_RET_INTERNAL_FAILURE -6
+/*
+ * Temporary smc/hvc handler. Non-compliant implementation (features missing).
+ * Implements only system off so that test programs are able to end their execution
+ */
+static int kvm_smccc_call_handler(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ u32 func_id = vcpu_get_reg(vcpu, 0);
+ u64 val = PSCI_RET_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+ int ret = 1;
+
+ if (func_id == PSCI_0_2_FN_SYSTEM_OFF) {
+ scoped_guard(spinlock, &vcpu->arch.mp_state_lock) {
+ WRITE_ONCE(vcpu->arch.mp_state.mp_state, KVM_MP_STATE_STOPPED);
+ }
+ kvm_make_all_cpus_request(vcpu->kvm, KVM_REQ_SLEEP);
+ memset(&vcpu->run->system_event, 0,
+ sizeof(vcpu->run->system_event));
+ vcpu->run->system_event.type = KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SHUTDOWN;
+ vcpu->run->system_event.ndata = 1;
+ vcpu->run->system_event.data[0] = 0;
+ vcpu->run->exit_reason = KVM_EXIT_SYSTEM_EVENT;
+ val = PSCI_RET_INTERNAL_FAILURE;
+ ret = 0;
+ }
+ vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, 0, val);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int handle_hvc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ vcpu->stat.hvc_exit_stat++;
+ return kvm_smccc_call_handler(vcpu);
+}
+
+static exit_handle_fn arm_exit_handlers[] = {
+ [0 ... ESR_ELx_EC_MAX] = kvm_handle_unknown_ec,
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_HVC64] = handle_hvc,
+};
+
+/* manually copied from arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c */
+static const char * const esr_class_str[] = {
+ [0 ... ESR_ELx_EC_MAX] = "UNRECOGNIZED EC",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_UNKNOWN] = "Unknown/Uncategorized",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_WFx] = "WFI/WFE",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_ASIMD] = "ASIMD",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_PAC] = "PAC",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_BTI] = "BTI",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_ILL] = "PSTATE.IL",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SVC64] = "SVC (AArch64)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_HVC64] = "HVC (AArch64)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SMC64] = "SMC (AArch64)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SYS64] = "MSR/MRS (AArch64)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SVE] = "SVE",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_ERET] = "ERET/ERETAA/ERETAB",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_FPAC] = "FPAC",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SME] = "SME",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_IMP_DEF] = "EL3 IMP DEF",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_LOW] = "IABT (lower EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR] = "IABT (current EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_PC_ALIGN] = "PC Alignment",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_LOW] = "DABT (lower EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR] = "DABT (current EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SP_ALIGN] = "SP Alignment",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_MOPS] = "MOPS",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC64] = "FP (AArch64)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_GCS] = "Guarded Control Stack",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SERROR] = "SError",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_LOW] = "Breakpoint (lower EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_CUR] = "Breakpoint (current EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SOFTSTP_LOW] = "Software Step (lower EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_SOFTSTP_CUR] = "Software Step (current EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_WATCHPT_LOW] = "Watchpoint (lower EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_WATCHPT_CUR] = "Watchpoint (current EL)",
+ [ESR_ELx_EC_BRK64] = "BRK (AArch64)",
+};
+
+const char *esr_get_class_string(unsigned long esr)
+{
+ return esr_class_str[ESR_ELx_EC(esr)];
+}
diff --git a/arch/s390/kvm/arm64/inject_fault.c b/arch/s390/kvm/arm64/inject_fault.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..425dbeaa421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/s390/kvm/arm64/inject_fault.c
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <arm64/kvm_emulate.h>
+
+/**
+ * kvm_inject_undefined - inject an undefined instruction into the guest
+ * @vcpu: The vCPU in which to inject the exception
+ *
+ * It is assumed that this code is called from the VCPU thread and that the
+ * VCPU therefore is not currently executing guest code.
+ */
+void kvm_inject_undefined(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ /* Stub until s390 supports arm64 sysregs TODO sysregs*/
+}
+
+int kvm_inject_sea(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool iabt, u64 addr)
+{
+ /* Stub until s390 supports arm64 sysregs TODO sysregs*/
+ return 1;
+}
--
2.53.0
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-08-12 15:37 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 90+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-08-12 15:35 [PATCH v6 00/33] KVM: s390: Introduce arm64 KVM Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:35 ` [PATCH v6 01/33] vfio: Use file-based reference counting for KVM Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:00 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:35 ` [PATCH v6 02/33] KVM: Make device name configurable Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:08 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:35 ` [PATCH v6 03/33] KVM: Allow KVM implementations to switch off MMIO independent of Kconfig Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:49 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 04/33] arm64: Use proper include variant Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:52 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-13 9:16 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 05/33] arm64: ptrace: Use constants for compat register numbers Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:46 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-13 9:17 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 06/33] arm64: sysreg: Convert SPSR_ELx to automatic register generation Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:48 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-13 9:33 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 07/33] KVM: arm64: Access elements of vcpu_gp_regs individually Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:48 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-13 9:41 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 08/33] KVM: arm64: Use accessor functions for core regs Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:50 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-13 9:56 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 09/33] arm64: Prepare sharing arm64 headers with s390 Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:52 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-13 10:14 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 10/33] arm64: Share " Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:20 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-13 13:19 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 11/33] KVM: arm64: Share arm64 code " Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:59 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 12/33] KVM: s390: Extract gmap tracing to a separate header Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:57 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 17:13 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 13/33] KVM: s390: Prepare include guards for a new location Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:53 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 17:35 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 14/33] KVM: s390: Rename kvm-s390.{c,h} to s390.{c,h} Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:58 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 17:58 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 15/33] KVM: s390: Move kvm_host definitions to kvm_host_s390 Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 15:54 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 18:12 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 16/33] KVM: s390: Move s390 kvm code into a subdirectory Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:02 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 18:32 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 17/33] KVM: s390: Move PGM code definitions to asm/kvm_host.h Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:04 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 18:47 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 18/33] KVM: s390: Prepare gmap for a second KVM implementation Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:10 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 19:05 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 19/33] KVM: s390: gmap: Make storage keys optional Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:06 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 19:07 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 20/33] KVM: s390: gmap: Make CMMA optional Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:09 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 19:07 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 21/33] KVM: s390: gmap: Make prefix handling optional Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:08 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 19:10 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 22/33] KVM: s390: Prepare KVM/s390 for a second KVM module Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:21 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 23/33] s390: Use arm64 headers Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:23 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 24/33] KVM: s390: Use arm64 code Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:18 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 25/33] s390: Introduce Start Arm Execution instruction Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:24 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 26/33] KVM: s390: arm64: Introduce host definitions Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:27 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 27/33] s390/hwcaps: Report SAE support as hwcap Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:15 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 28/33] KVM: s390: Add basic arm64 kvm module Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:23 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` Steffen Eiden [this message]
2026-08-12 16:36 ` [PATCH v6 29/33] KVM: s390: arm64: Implement required functions sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 30/33] KVM: s390: arm64: Implement vm/vcpu create destroy Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:38 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 31/33] KVM: s390: arm64: Implement vCPU IOCTLs Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:41 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 32/33] KVM: s390: arm64: Implement basic page fault handler Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:34 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 15:36 ` [PATCH v6 33/33] KVM: s390: arm64: Enable KVM_ARM64 config and Kbuild Steffen Eiden
2026-08-12 16:59 ` sashiko-bot
2026-08-12 16:28 ` [PATCH v6 00/33] KVM: s390: Introduce arm64 KVM Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-12 16:36 ` Sean Christopherson
2026-08-12 18:58 ` Steffen Eiden
2026-08-13 7:45 ` Christian Borntraeger
2026-08-13 10:53 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-08-13 11:27 ` Christian Borntraeger
Reply instructions:
You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:
* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
and reply-to-all from there: mbox
Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style
* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
switches of git-send-email(1):
git send-email \
--in-reply-to=20260812153631.3376090-30-seiden@linux.ibm.com \
--to=seiden@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=Ulrich.Weigand@de.ibm.com \
--cc=agordeev@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=arnd@arndb.de \
--cc=borntraeger@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=brueckner@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=catalin.marinas@arm.com \
--cc=david@kernel.org \
--cc=frankja@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=fritz@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=ggala@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=gor@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=gra@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=hari55@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=hca@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=iii@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=imbrenda@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=joey.gouly@arm.com \
--cc=kvm@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=kvmarm@lists.linux.dev \
--cc=linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org \
--cc=linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=linux-s390@vger.kernel.org \
--cc=maz@kernel.org \
--cc=nrb@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=oss@nina.schoetterlglausch.eu \
--cc=oupton@kernel.org \
--cc=pbonzini@redhat.com \
--cc=seanjc@google.com \
--cc=suzuki.poulose@arm.com \
--cc=svens@linux.ibm.com \
--cc=tabba@google.com \
--cc=will@kernel.org \
--cc=yuzenghui@huawei.com \
/path/to/YOUR_REPLY
https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html
* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line
before the message body.
This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.