[PATCH v2] usb: gadget: inode: fix use-after-free of struct ep_data

[Adriano Cordova <adrianox@gmail.com>]

gadgetfs_unbind() -> destroy_ep_files() frees each struct ep_data via
put_ep(), but the inode still points at that ep_data through ->i_private
with no reference of its own.  A concurrent openat() on an endpoint file
can therefore reach ep_open() and dereference the freed ep_data (the
mutex fast path), even while the inode outlives it.

Give the inode its own reference: take get_ep() when the endpoint inode
is created and drop it again from a new gadgetfs_evict_inode(), so an
ep_data can never be freed while any inode still points at it.  This is
also safe against dcache pruning, since the inode reference keeps the
count >= 1 until the endpoint is removed from dev->epfiles.

The inode now holds ep_data for its whole lifetime, so an open() racing
with an unbind never dereferences freed ep_data.

Reported-by: syzbot+7bf725ed337e37307001@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Link: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=7bf725ed337e37307001
Tested-by: syzbot+7bf725ed337e37307001@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Adriano Cordova <adrianox@gmail.com>
---
Changes in v2:
- v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260904163827.216389-1-adrianox@gmail.com/
- Added further explanation in commit message.

 drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c | 13 +++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c b/drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c
index db961aaa3740..089fa7119922 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c
@@ -1626,6 +1626,8 @@ static int activate_ep_files (struct dev_data *dev)
 		if (!data->req)
 			goto enomem1;
 
+		/* The inode keeps this ep_data alive via ->i_private. */
+		get_ep(data);
 		err = gadgetfs_create_file (dev->sb, data->name,
 				data, &ep_io_operations);
 		if (err)
@@ -2015,9 +2017,20 @@ static int gadgetfs_create_file (struct super_block *sb, char const *name,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void gadgetfs_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	/* EP inodes hold the reference on their ep_data via ->i_private. */
+	if (inode->i_fop == &ep_io_operations)
+		put_ep(inode->i_private);
+
+	truncate_inode_pages_final(&inode->i_data);
+	clear_inode(inode);
+}
+
 static const struct super_operations gadget_fs_operations = {
 	.statfs =	simple_statfs,
 	.drop_inode =	inode_just_drop,
+	.evict_inode =	gadgetfs_evict_inode,
 };
 
 static int
-- 
2.51.0