+ mm-collapse-open-code-collapse_single_pmd-in-its-two-callers.patch added to mm-unstable branch

[Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>]

The patch titled
     Subject: mm/collapse: open-code collapse_single_pmd() in its two callers
has been added to the -mm mm-unstable branch.  Its filename is
     mm-collapse-open-code-collapse_single_pmd-in-its-two-callers.patch

This patch will shortly appear at
     https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/25-new.git/tree/patches/mm-collapse-open-code-collapse_single_pmd-in-its-two-callers.patch

This patch will later appear in the mm-unstable branch at
    git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

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------------------------------------------------------
From: "Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta)" <kas@kernel.org>
Subject: mm/collapse: open-code collapse_single_pmd() in its two callers
Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2026 11:06:24 +0100

A scan and a collapse want different things from mmap_lock.  The scan
reads one PTE table under the lock the caller holds, refuses most of the
time, and the caller moves on to the next table without letting go.  The
collapse allocates, may sleep in writeback and takes the lock for write
itself, so the lock it is handed is of no use to it.

collapse_single_pmd() kept that boundary inside itself.  It dropped the
lock on some paths and not others, and reported which by way of a bool
its callers had to carry along and then act on.  Both callers already
act on a drop, khugepaged by ending its walk and madvise_collapse() by
looking its VMA up again.  The code that has to know is not the code
that does it.

Open-code it in the two callers.  Each scans under the lock it already
holds and, when the scan found work, gives the lock up before running
the collapse.  The scan then has one rule, called locked and returning
locked, and the run another, called unlocked.  Nothing is left to
report, so khugepaged's lock_dropped and madvise_collapse()'s
mmap_unlocked both go.  The engine never touches a lock it did not
take, and how a caller locks its scan is the caller's business alone.

khugepaged's walk carries on to the next table while the scan keeps
refusing, and ends once a collapse has taken the lock from under it.
madvise_collapse() re-finds its VMA after a collapse, which it did
before, and now uses a NULL vma to say that it has to.  It still reports
the drop to its own caller, from the line that does it.

Preparation for moving madvise_collapse() out of khugepaged.c: what it
needs from the engine is then two calls with one lock rule each.

The lock is given up and taken again at the same points as before.  No
functional change.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260928100630.21870-11-kirill@shutemov.name
Signed-off-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Assisted-by: LLM
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <liam@infradead.org>
Cc: Nico Pache <nico.pache@linux.dev>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com>
Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Usama Arif <usama.arif@linux.dev>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
---

 mm/khugepaged.c |  103 ++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------
 1 file changed, 50 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

--- a/mm/khugepaged.c~mm-collapse-open-code-collapse_single_pmd-in-its-two-callers
+++ a/mm/khugepaged.c
@@ -2856,28 +2856,6 @@ put:
 	return result;
 }
 
-/*
- * Try to collapse a single PMD starting at a PMD aligned addr, and return
- * the results.
- */
-static enum scan_result collapse_single_pmd(unsigned long addr,
-		struct vm_area_struct *vma, bool *lock_dropped,
-		struct collapse_control *cc)
-{
-	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
-	enum scan_result result;
-
-	result = collapse_scan_pmd(vma, addr, cc);
-	if (result != SCAN_SUCCEED && result != SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE)
-		return result;
-
-	/* The collapse takes its own locks, so give this up */
-	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
-	*lock_dropped = true;
-
-	return collapse_run_pmd(mm, addr, result, cc);
-}
-
 static void collapse_scan_mm_slot(unsigned int progress_max,
 		enum scan_result *result, struct collapse_control *cc)
 	__releases(&khugepaged_mm_lock)
@@ -2940,7 +2918,7 @@ static void collapse_scan_mm_slot(unsign
 		VM_BUG_ON(khugepaged_scan.address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
 
 		while (khugepaged_scan.address < hend) {
-			bool lock_dropped = false;
+			unsigned long addr;
 
 			cond_resched();
 			if (unlikely(collapse_test_exit_or_disable(mm)))
@@ -2950,23 +2928,30 @@ static void collapse_scan_mm_slot(unsign
 				  khugepaged_scan.address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE >
 				  hend);
 
-			*result = collapse_single_pmd(khugepaged_scan.address,
-						      vma, &lock_dropped, cc);
-			if (*result == SCAN_SUCCEED)
-				khugepaged_pages_collapsed++;
+			addr = khugepaged_scan.address;
 			/* move to next address */
 			khugepaged_scan.address += HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
-			if (lock_dropped)
-				/*
-				 * We released mmap_lock so break loop.  Note
-				 * that we drop mmap_lock before all hugepage
-				 * allocations, so if allocation fails, we are
-				 * guaranteed to break here and report the
-				 * correct result back to caller.
-				 */
-				goto breakouterloop_mmap_lock;
-			if (cc->progress >= progress_max)
-				goto breakouterloop;
+
+			*result = collapse_scan_pmd(vma, addr, cc);
+			/* Nothing to do here, and the lock is still ours */
+			if (*result != SCAN_SUCCEED &&
+			    *result != SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE) {
+				if (cc->progress >= progress_max)
+					goto breakouterloop;
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * A collapse takes its own locks and is slow enough
+			 * that a writer should not wait behind it, so give the
+			 * lock up.  That ends this walk: vma and the mm are
+			 * whatever the collapse leaves them.
+			 */
+			mmap_read_unlock(mm);
+			*result = collapse_run_pmd(mm, addr, *result, cc);
+			if (*result == SCAN_SUCCEED)
+				khugepaged_pages_collapsed++;
+			goto breakouterloop_mmap_lock;
 		}
 	}
 breakouterloop:
@@ -3232,7 +3217,6 @@ int madvise_collapse(struct vm_area_stru
 	unsigned long hstart, hend, addr;
 	enum scan_result last_fail = SCAN_FAIL;
 	int thps = 0;
-	bool mmap_unlocked = false;
 
 	BUG_ON(vma->vm_start > start);
 	BUG_ON(vma->vm_end < end);
@@ -3255,25 +3239,40 @@ int madvise_collapse(struct vm_area_stru
 	lru_add_drain_all();
 
 	for (addr = hstart; addr < hend; addr += HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) {
-		enum scan_result result = SCAN_FAIL;
+		struct vm_area_struct *found;
+		enum scan_result result;
 
-		if (mmap_unlocked) {
+		/*
+		 * A collapse gives the lock up, so the VMA has to be found
+		 * again after one: it can shrink while nothing is held.  A scan
+		 * that finds nothing to collapse leaves the lock alone, so a
+		 * range that is already collapsed walks on without relocking.
+		 */
+		if (!vma) {
 			cond_resched();
 			mmap_read_lock(mm);
-			mmap_unlocked = false;
-			*lock_dropped = true;
-			result = hugepage_vma_revalidate(mm, addr, false, &vma,
+			result = hugepage_vma_revalidate(mm, addr, false, &found,
 							 cc, HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
 			if (result != SCAN_SUCCEED) {
 				last_fail = result;
-				goto out_nolock;
+				goto out_locked;
 			}
-
+			vma = found;
 			hend = min(hend, vma->vm_end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
 		}
 
-		result = collapse_single_pmd(addr, vma, &mmap_unlocked, cc);
+		result = collapse_scan_pmd(vma, addr, cc);
+		/* Nothing to do here, and the lock is still ours */
+		if (result != SCAN_SUCCEED && result != SCAN_PTE_MAPPED_HUGEPAGE)
+			goto tally;
+
+		/* The collapse takes its own locks, so give this up */
+		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
+		*lock_dropped = true;
+		vma = NULL;
 
+		result = collapse_run_pmd(mm, addr, result, cc);
+tally:
 		switch (result) {
 		case SCAN_SUCCEED:
 		case SCAN_PMD_MAPPED:
@@ -3295,17 +3294,15 @@ int madvise_collapse(struct vm_area_stru
 		default:
 			last_fail = result;
 			/* Other error, exit */
-			goto out_maybelock;
+			goto out;
 		}
 	}
 
-out_maybelock:
+out:
 	/* Caller expects us to hold mmap_lock on return */
-	if (mmap_unlocked) {
-		*lock_dropped = true;
+	if (!vma)
 		mmap_read_lock(mm);
-	}
-out_nolock:
+out_locked:
 	mmap_assert_locked(mm);
 	kfree(cc);
 
_

Patches currently in -mm which might be from kas@kernel.org are

mm-huge_memory-do-not-touch-frozen-folios-in-deferred_split_isolate.patch
mm-huge_memory-dequeue-the-deferred-split-after-the-split-freeze.patch
mm-huge_memory-add-folio_reset_partially_mapped.patch
mm-khugepaged-drop-redundant-mm_struct-pin-in-madvise_collapse.patch
mm-khugepaged-count-collapses-where-khugepaged-makes-them.patch
mm-khugepaged-rename-mthp_present_ptes-bitmap-to-eligible_ptes.patch
mm-collapse-add-collapseh-for-the-collapse-interface.patch
mm-collapse-state-what-a-collapse-may-do-in-the-policy.patch
mm-collapse-drop-the-collapse_possible-wrapper.patch
mm-collapse-name-the-per-table-scan-reset-for-what-it-resets.patch
mm-collapse-call-collapse_file-from-collapse_single_pmd.patch
mm-collapse-separate-scanning-a-pte-table-from-collapsing-it.patch
mm-collapse-open-code-collapse_single_pmd-in-its-two-callers.patch
mm-collapse-work-out-the-orders-a-vma-allows-once-per-vma.patch
mm-collapse-declare-the-collapse-interface-in-collapseh.patch
mm-collapse-implement-madv_collapse-in-madvisec.patch
selftests-mm-raise-the-khugepaged-test-case-cap.patch
selftests-mm-skip-collapse_compound_extreme-where-the-pmd-is-too-large.patch
selftests-mm-scale-khugepageds-collapse-wait-with-the-pmd-size.patch
selftests-mm-skip-khugepaged-page-cache-cases-without-a-pmd-folio.patch
selftests-mm-make-the-swap-cases-swapout-reliable.patch
selftests-mm-stop-khugepaged-during-the-madv_collapse-cases.patch
selftests-mm-move-is_backed_by_folio-into-vm_util.patch
selftests-mm-add-folio-order-check-for-address-ranges.patch
selftests-mm-add-folio-order-detection-self-check.patch
selftests-mm-add-khugepaged-completion-barrier-helper.patch
selftests-mm-add-order-parameterized-khugepaged-collapse-cases.patch
selftests-mm-parameterize-the-mixed-source-collapse-case-by-source-order.patch
selftests-mm-cover-a-shared-source-collapse-write-race.patch
selftests-mm-run-every-supported-collapse-order-by-default.patch
selftests-mm-check-that-one-khugepaged-pass-collapses-one-window.patch
selftests-mm-add-khugepaged-race-harness.patch
selftests-mm-race-the-collapse-of-windows-with-holes.patch
selftests-mm-add-memory-pressure-threads-to-the-khugepaged-race-harness.patch
selftests-mm-zap-whole-pte-tables-in-the-khugepaged-race-harness.patch