Takashi, Attached please find the third and final installment of separated patches you requested. I have retested all 3 patches applied to ALSA 1.0.13. (The patches were derived sequentially from Mercurial.) I decided to leave out the output volume control renaming for the AD1986, because 1) I found the name "Master Surround" to be confusing, since "Surround" is used to refer to the rear channels of a multichannel configuration. Also renaming "Headphone" to "Master" makes no sense for the AD1986, since the AD1986 has separate Headphone pins, unlike the AD1888, AD1980 and AD1985 for which the same pins are used for either the Headphone or Surround outputs. I do plan to revisit output volume control names in the future. The AD1986 uses volume controls somewhat differently than most AC '97 Devices. For example, normally for AC '97 devices, register 0x18 controls DAC PCM attenuation for all channels; the AD1986 uses a special "ADI Mode" configuration in which register 0x18 controls DAC PCM attenuation only for the front channels, with other registers controlling DAC PCM attenuation for the other channels. The AD1888, AD1980 and AD1985 can be configured in software to use either the AC '97 Compatibility mode or the ADI Mode. (In ALSA currently they are fixed in ADI Mode.) The AD1986 can use only the ADI Mode. FYI: The AD1986 and AD1986A have the same Vendor ID codes, and therefore are indistinguishable from an AC '97 perspective. The difference is the AD1986 is AC '97 only, and the AD1986A can be configured for AC '97 or HD Audio use. Randy Cushman