On 30/03/2012 22:39, Wei Huang wrote: > On 03/29/2012 11:55 PM, Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) wrote: >> On 30/03/2012 07:03, Wei Huang wrote: >>> On 03/29/2012 04:29 PM, Casey DeLorme wrote: >>>> David, >>>> >>>> XenServer VGA Passthrough requires a paid/licensed copy, which >>>> costs $2500, a bit out of my price range for experimentation. >>>> Important to note that the feature is not a part of the 30-day >>>> trial license. >>>> >>>> However, Citrix recently visited my college and I was able to >>>> preview hardware access on a laptop one of the employees had, where >>>> they swapped between Ubuntu and Windows with a hotkey, and various >>>> hardware components including onboard GPU and the WebCam were >>>> accessible. >>>> >>>> In testing XenServer, I can say that if I had a business, that's >>>> the product I would use. In the past month having tried Xen and >>>> ESXi, I was astonished with the ease of use for XenServer. >>>> >>>> As for Catalyst, version 12.2 (the latest currently) worked for me. >>>> >>>> Important to note that until I followed Andrews advice to omit the >>>> Catalyst Control Center, the installation resulted in a BSOD. >>> I saw similar issue whiling playing with XenClient. After discussing >>> with AMD GPU driver team, the conclusion was that the installer has >>> a bug. But I have not received any further update from them. Also >>> manual driver installation (after many tries) did fix problem for me. >>>> >>>> The solution, select "Custom" installation and uncheck the CCC. >>>> After the installation your first reboot should run some follow-up >>>> updates via cmd, you need to reboot a second time for fully >>>> functional drivers. >>>> >>>> Also, I had underscan on my monitor so I went out on a limb and >>>> re-ran the setup for Catalyst, and was able to get CCC installed >>>> with a second run through, which allowed me to fix my underscan issue. >>>> >>>> My conclusion is that the CCC requires some driver functionality >>>> that isn't available until after you install the drivers, this >>>> could be on all systems or it might be related to how HVM's handle >>>> the PCI devices, that much I can't say. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Teo, >>>> >>>> I could be spouting nonsense, and if so I'm sure Wei can correct >>>> me, but I am pretty sure AMD engineers have been contributing to >>>> Xen for a while, and some patches have already been applied. >>>> Obviously it isn't flawless, I myself haven't gotten video at boot >>>> time, only at the login screen. >>>> >>> This is because VBIOS patch wasn't applied. But as I said before, my >>> VBIOS wasn't universal enough to put it as a production patch. So I >>> am hesitant to put it out. >> >> Dear Wei Huang at AMD Corporation, >> >> Please put your Xen VGA Passthrough patch out so that all of us can >> have a try. >> >> Thank you very much. >> > http://old-list-archives.xen.org/archives/html/xen-devel/2010-10/msg00284.html Dear Wei Huang, Your VGA Passthrough patch is still not included in the Xen 4.2-unstable tree? Thank you. >> -- >> Yours sincerely, >> >> Mr. Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) >> Singapore >> >>>> Mine works on 4.1.2, but it is possible that 4.1.0 had less of >>>> these "patches" hence Sebastien's post. >>>> >>>> Also, I apologize as I did not properly word my opinion before. >>>> VGA Passthrough is new "for consumer components". In 2010 the >>>> number of desktop (not server) boards boasting VT-d functionality >>>> could probably be counted on one hand. To my understanding that >>>> means the technology is at most 3 years old, still a baby in my >>>> opinion. >>>> >>>> I didn't mean that the technology hadn't been implemented into >>>> various Hypervisors, just that it is clearly not a perfected >>>> feature. If you consider 3 years of consumer availability, dates >>>> become important when researching. Sebastien's post was May 2011, >>>> just shy of one year ago, and Thomas's was in 2010. >>>> >>>> There are newer patches still for ATI in Xen 4.2, which I intend to >>>> test over the next week. I have NOT gotten ATI to work at boot >>>> time, video starts at the login screen. >>>> >>>> I agree with Wei that drivers can contribute to BSOD's and errors, >>>> but when an install doesn't fail but the hardware reacts the same >>>> as before, I would like to assume the driver is irrelative. >>>> >>> Have you looked at XenClient project? It has a customized ATI >>> component which allows you to switch between VMs flawlessly. I think >>> it is the most mature Xen solution for GPU passthru in client area. >> >> Dear Wei Huang at AMD Corporation, >> >> May I know what is the XenClient project? >> >> >>>> >>>> ~Casey >>>> >>>> On Thu, Mar 29, 2012 at 4:11 PM, Wei Huang >>> > wrote: >>>> >>>> On 03/29/2012 01:35 PM, Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) wrote: >>>>> Dear Casey DeLorme, >>>>> >>>>> This guy, Sebastien Gauthier, also has the same problems as >>>>> us. He was using Xen 4.1.0 and an ATI Radeon 4550. He applied >>>>> Mr. Wei Huang's patch. After installing the latest ATI/AMD >>>>> Catalyst drivers, he got a BSOD with Xen VGA Passthrough to >>>>> Windows 7. >>>>> >>>>> Please read Sebastien Gauthier's case here: >>>>> >>>>> http://readlist.com/lists/lists.xensource.com/xen-users/11/59090.html >>>>> >>>>> Hence Sebastien Gauthier reported Xen VGA Passthrough with >>>>> PARTIAL SUCCESS, like us. >>>>> >>>>> Dear Tobias Geiger, >>>>> >>>>> You were saying that with ATI VGA cards, you do not need to >>>>> apply any Xen VGA Passthrough patches. But this guy Sebastien >>>>> Gauthier applied Mr. Wei Huang's patches to Xen 4.1.0 and got >>>>> a BSOD after installing ATI Catalyst drivers. Sebastien >>>>> Gauthier did not get 100% success with Xen VGA Passthrough to >>>>> Windows 7 using an ATI VGA card. >>>>> >>>> Hi Teo, >>>> >>>> The VBIOS patch I sent out did not work for all ATI cards. The >>>> patch itself assumed certain behavior of GPU VBIOS. But this >>>> doesn't apply to every GPU generation. From this perspective, >>>> my patch isn't universal. Also there are many factors, some of >>>> which are not in control by us (like graphics driver), can >>>> contribute to BSOD you mentioned. I am not in a position to >>>> debug it for everyone's card (as I don't have all cards). >>>> >>>> Thanks, >>>> -Wei >>>> >>>>> -- >>>>> Yours sincerely, >>>>> >>>>> Mr. Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) >>>>> Singapore >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> On 29/03/2012 23:50, Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) wrote: >>>>>> On 29/03/2012 12:29, Casey DeLorme wrote: >>>>>>> My mistake for not hitting "Reply to All", sorry. >>>>>> >>>>>> No worries Casey. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> It might be of some value to mention that my tests were with >>>>>>> Windows 7, I have no interest in using XP anymore. Also, I >>>>>>> did all of my testing through remote VNC, not once did I >>>>>>> actually get video, even 2D, working. >>>>>> >>>>>> I bought 2 copies of Windows XP Home Edition in the past >>>>>> because it is cheap, at S$145. I did not buy Windows 7 >>>>>> because it is expensive. I got video working all right, but >>>>>> only 2D. I cannot get 3D graphics working. >>>>>> >>>>>>> However, my errors are exactly as you described: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> 1. Windows recognizes the model (GTX 460), not "unknown PCI >>>>>>> device". >>>>>>> 2. Device code 43. >>>>>>> 3. No resources assigned to the device. >>>>>> >>>>>> We have the same set of errors. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Might be worth mentioning, I was able to run the latest >>>>>>> nVidia driver installation without errors, but after >>>>>>> rebooting there was no change, same error code, still no video. >>>>>> >>>>>> Same situation here with the latest NVIDIA drivers. But I >>>>>> only have 2D video working. I can't get 3D video to work. >>>>>> >>>>>>> To me this would be evidence that driver version isn't a >>>>>>> problem, but then again I didn't have anything actually working. >>>>>> >>>>>> I agree that driver version isn't a problem. Something is >>>>>> wrong somewhere. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I am an IT student in college, so my experience is limited >>>>>>> to mostly programming with very little knowledge of the >>>>>>> inner-workings of hardware. So, forgive me for being unable >>>>>>> to help with regards to memory addresses on the cards. >>>>>> >>>>>> I am hoping that Intel engineers and Xen developers would be >>>>>> able to help. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I've been using *nix for about 4 years, and Windows since I >>>>>>> my age was a single digit. I have had experience setting up >>>>>>> server features such as web, database, and application >>>>>>> servers but I am still green when it comes to kernel or >>>>>>> hardware configuration. >>>>>> >>>>>> I started learning Linux/UNIX since the year 2005, that is >>>>>> about 7 years ago. I started using Windows when it was >>>>>> version 3.1. I love compiling the latest Linux kernel and >>>>>> assembling my own computer hardware. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> My Xen adventure began 35 days ago, and it is no >>>>>>> exaggeration to say that in those 35 days I have learned >>>>>>> more about linux than I had in the past two years. I like >>>>>>> challenges as much as the next IT person, but I ran out of >>>>>>> time and ideas for debugging my nVidia problems. The nVidia >>>>>>> stretch of my adventure lasted for 24 days through 54 fresh >>>>>>> linux installations accompanied by over 200~ pages worth of >>>>>>> documented failures and not a single pixel sighted. >>>>>> >>>>>> Why not make your documentation into PDF? It is a very >>>>>> popular document format. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> The ATI card took me a day, less than 12 hours of relatively >>>>>>> easy debugging by comparison to the aforementioned testing. >>>>>>> I do fully understanding financial constraints, but it is a >>>>>>> working solution and worth mentioning. I do not know what >>>>>>> the prices are like in Singapore, but in the states I was >>>>>>> able to buy an ATI Radeon HD 6870 for $160. For me it came >>>>>>> down to weighing my objectives against my curiosity. >>>>>> >>>>>> That ATI Radeon HD 6870 would cost me $279, I think. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> If you do continue your nVidia endeavors I wish you success, >>>>>>> but as in my former email VGA passthrough is a new frontier, >>>>>>> not even Guru's like David may not be able to help beyond >>>>>>> their own hardware experiences. >>>>>> >>>>>> I don't think VGA passthrough is a new frontier. Oracle >>>>>> VirtualBox and Linux KVM supports VGA passthrough as well. >>>>>> Xen ATI VGA Passthrough works out of the box, as Tobias >>>>>> Geiger suggested, but NVIDIA requires patches. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Documentation is one problem I agree with you on 100%. I >>>>>>> came into this knowing relatively little about Linux & >>>>>>> hardware, and nothing about Xen, and most every guide I >>>>>>> found assumed I had been in a deep relationship with Linux >>>>>>> for many years and had a basic understanding of Xen commands. >>>>>> >>>>>> I started learning Xen since the year 2007, which is about 5 >>>>>> years ago. >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Like you, I intend to use those documented failures as well >>>>>>> as my recent success to create a comprehensive guide with >>>>>>> photographs, screen captures, and perhaps even videos going >>>>>>> from "assembled computer" to "Complete Xen Dom0 /w HVM & VGA >>>>>>> Passthrough". Provided the wiki will allow me to upload the >>>>>>> screenshots, I'll be certain to post it there. >>>>>> >>>>>> I will be looking forward to your documentation and videos. >>>>>> Right now Xen wiki allows uploading image files and PDF >>>>>> files. Why not create a PDF document and share it with all of >>>>>> us? It is known as portable document format and is very >>>>>> popular, but it appears that xen mailing lists don't like PDF >>>>>> format. >>>>>> >>>>>> _*I don't like wiki pages because anybody can edit and >>>>>> fundamentally mess up the wiki pages, even providing bogus >>>>>> and erroneous information. That's why I don't like creating >>>>>> wiki pages. Anybody can edit and mess up the information you >>>>>> have painstakingly created on the wiki pages. So please take >>>>>> note.*_ >>>>>> >>>>>> -- >>>>>> Yours sincerely, >>>>>> >>>>>> Mr. Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) >>>>>> Singapore >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> ~Casey >>>>>>> >>>>>>> On Wed, Mar 28, 2012 at 10:21 PM, Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) >>>>>>> >>>>>> > wrote: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Dearest Casey DeLorme, >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Thank you very very much for your kind feedback and >>>>>>> input. I would also like to thank Mr. Tobias Geiger, >>>>>>> again, for providing his suggestion on exposing the >>>>>>> fourth memory region in >>>>>>> tools/firmware/hvmloader/acpi/dsdt.asl. _In any case, >>>>>>> either exposing the first 3 memory regions only or >>>>>>> exposing all the 4 memory regions does not work._ Sadly, >>>>>>> Tobias Geiger is unable to help me further. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I have asked Jean David Techer, what about the 4th PCI >>>>>>> memory region? Why only expose the first 3 PCI memory >>>>>>> regions? I don't understand, of course. Jean David >>>>>>> Techer did not reply to my question. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I have decided to post your prompt reply to the >>>>>>> xen-users and xen-devel mailing lists, in case people >>>>>>> think that I am finding fault with Jean David Techer, or >>>>>>> trying to irritate him, or trying to make him angry, or >>>>>>> trying to aggravate him. Jean David Techer replied me >>>>>>> with an email saying that I _spent too much time_ and >>>>>>> _too bent_ on solving the yellow exclamation mark glitch >>>>>>> for my NVIDIA Geforce 8400GS in Device Manager in >>>>>>> Windows 8 Consumer Preview and Windows XP Home Edition, >>>>>>> and that I sent *_stupid_* requests. Stupid requests? >>>>>>> Did he read my emails carefully, word by word? >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Casey DeLorme, please, can I confirm with you again that >>>>>>> you are getting the following errors after applying Jean >>>>>>> David Techer's Xen 4.2-unstable VGA Passthrough patches: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> *_(1) Yellow exclamation mark besides your NVIDIA GTX >>>>>>> 460 in Device Manager >>>>>>> (2) Windows has stopped this device because it has >>>>>>> reported problems. (Code 43) >>>>>>> (3) This device isn't using any resources because it has >>>>>>> a problem._* >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Jean David Techer insists that our technical issues are >>>>>>> due to a NVIDIA driver problem. He insists that you have >>>>>>> to install NVIDIA driver versions 275.33 WHQL and 275.50 >>>>>>> BETA. Any other NVIDIA driver versions (above 280.XX) >>>>>>> will not work, according to Jean David Techer. >>>>>>> *_However, I have tried installing NVIDIA driver >>>>>>> versions 275.33 and 275.50 from www.softpedia.com >>>>>>> , as he suggested, but it >>>>>>> caused my Windows XP Home Edition HVM virtual machine to >>>>>>> be destroyed/terminated/crash after a few minutes and my >>>>>>> dom0 to crash as well._* NVIDIA driver versions 275.33 >>>>>>> and 275.50 for Windows XP 32-bit is not available from >>>>>>> the official NVIDIA website. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> So it is definitely not a NVIDIA driver problem. I >>>>>>> suspect that the technical issue has to do with *_MMIO >>>>>>> BARs pBAR:vBAR 1:1 matching_*. I don't think there is >>>>>>> any problem with vgabios-pt.bin extracted out from our >>>>>>> NVIDIA VGA cards, because I have performed a "hexdump >>>>>>> -C" on my extracted VGA BIOS EEPROM, or Electrically >>>>>>> Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Secondly, it does seem strange that Jean David Techer >>>>>>> was able to attain *_100%_*, ie. *_perfect success_* >>>>>>> with Xen 4.2-unstable VGA Passthrough to his Windows XP >>>>>>> 32-bit and 64-bit HVM domU. Have you watched his Youtube >>>>>>> video? It is only 4 minutes. Please do watch Jean David >>>>>>> Techer's Youtube video at the following URL: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Jean David Techer's Xen 4.2-unstable VGA Passthrough to >>>>>>> Windows XP x64 HVM domU Youtube video link: >>>>>>> *_http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3SaYO0ERW44_* >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I am *_appalled_* and *_baffle__d_* that he has attained >>>>>>> *_100% success_* while both of us have only attained >>>>>>> *_partial succes__s_* (*_i.e. less than 100%_*) on Xen >>>>>>> 4.2-unstable VGA Passthrough to Windows 8 Consumer >>>>>>> Preview and Windows XP. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> *_Solving the yellow exclamation mark issue is important >>>>>>> because we would not be able to run 3D graphics >>>>>>> benchmarks and play 3D games without solving it. I am >>>>>>> not sending silly emails about some yellow marks, as >>>>>>> Jean David Techer suggested. I can't even run Unigine >>>>>>> Heaven DX11, and 3dmark11 3D display benchmarks, because >>>>>>> of the yellow exclamation mark for NVIDIA Geforce 8400 >>>>>>> GS in Device Manager._* >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Casey DeLorme, with your report on relatively easy >>>>>>> success with ATI VGA cards, I think I would go the ATI >>>>>>> way, but I would have to spend a few hundred dollars >>>>>>> compared to my cheap SGD$44 NVIDIA Geforce 8400 GS card. >>>>>>> And while deciding to go the ATI way, I would also like >>>>>>> to continue troubleshooting with the NVIDIA problem, >>>>>>> because I consider it to be a technical challenge. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> In essence, Jean David Techner is considered to be a >>>>>>> "boss", or business owner, or proprietor, or >>>>>>> technopreneur, or entrepreneur, or technical support >>>>>>> officer, or customer support officer, or IT helpdesk >>>>>>> engineer, providing services like his forward-ported Xen >>>>>>> 4.2-unstable VGA Passthrough patches and the >>>>>>> documentation on his blog. I repost Jean David Techer's >>>>>>> official website here: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Jean David Techer's Xen 4.2-unstable VGA Passthrough >>>>>>> blog: >>>>>>> *_http://www.davidgis.fr/blog/index.php?2011/12/07/860-xen-42unstable-patches-for-vga-pass-through_* >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Jean David Techer's official website is his business >>>>>>> venture. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Basically, I am Jean David Techer's *_"customer"_*, >>>>>>> trying to obtain technical support from him. Of course, >>>>>>> he is *_not obliged_* to provide technical support to me >>>>>>> since he is providing *_free_* services. It is, after >>>>>>> all, an open source software project. Nobody is obliged >>>>>>> to provide anybody with technical support. *_To do Jean >>>>>>> David Techer justice, he replied most of my questions >>>>>>> while avoiding some of my questions._* >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Finally, I have also failed to obtain technical support >>>>>>> from Xen developers like Ian Campbell from *_Citrix >>>>>>> Corporation_* and Konrad Wilk from *_Oracle >>>>>>> Corporation_*. _*I have always provided all the steps >>>>>>> which I have taken, the configuration files and >>>>>>> necessary documentation, and kernel messages and error >>>>>>> logs*_ to xen-users and xen-devel mailing lists, but >>>>>>> they keep insisting I did not provide the information >>>>>>> they required. I wondered why. I think they did not read >>>>>>> my emails carefully. They told me they would not reply >>>>>>> to me any more if I do not provide the information they >>>>>>> requested. _*But the problem is that I have always >>>>>>> provided information they requested!*_ I think they >>>>>>> missed some of my emails, or did not read my emails >>>>>>> carefully enough. I am an *_ardent supporter_* and >>>>>>> *_SERIOUS software tester_* for open source Xen >>>>>>> virtualization/hypervisor but they treated me lightly. >>>>>>> _*I always read my emails WORD BY WORD.*_ I have even >>>>>>> went to the point of making a video on the *_BUG_* and >>>>>>> uploading my video to Youtube. The video is only THREE >>>>>>> minutes. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> _*As everybody says, a picture is worth a thousand >>>>>>> words. A video is worth a BILLION words!*_ >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I have also failed to obtain technical support from Xen >>>>>>> developers regarding Xen 4.2-unstable VGA Passthrough. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I am hoping Xen 4.2 would have official support for Xen >>>>>>> VGA Passthrough for both NVIDIA and ATI cards. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Casey DeLorme, thank you very much once again. I will be >>>>>>> making changes to my Xen, Linux Kernel and Xen VGA >>>>>>> Passthrough Documentation and will be releasing Version >>>>>>> 1.7 shortly. Jean David Techer's documentation assumes >>>>>>> some level of advanced Linux technical knowledge, so I >>>>>>> am writing documentation on my own so that everybody, >>>>>>> not just advanced Linux and Xen users, can follow. I >>>>>>> have made references to Jean David Techer's >>>>>>> documentation in my own documentation. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I would be very happy if people would use my >>>>>>> documentation. Of course, it satisfies my ego and my >>>>>>> vanity. Haha. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I have been un-employed for nearly three years now, and >>>>>>> I would hesitate to spend a few hundred dollars on an >>>>>>> ATI VGA card. I quit my job as an IT engineer 3 years >>>>>>> ago because my father suffered from lacunar infarct, or >>>>>>> more commonly known as stroke. My NVIDIA Geforce 8400 GS >>>>>>> costs only S$44. Please understand why I hesitate to buy >>>>>>> an ATI VGA card. The cheapest one costs SGD$279. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> I have a diploma in Mechanical+Electronics engineering >>>>>>> from Singapore Polytechnic and a Bachelor's degree in >>>>>>> Mechanical Engineering from the National University of >>>>>>> Singapore. But I do not have qualifications in Computer >>>>>>> Science or Information Technology. I have worked as an >>>>>>> Information Technology engineer in Defense Science and >>>>>>> Technology Agency, Ministry of Defense, Singapore, >>>>>>> National Computer Systems Pte Ltd, Asiasoft Online Pte >>>>>>> Ltd, and Ishinemax Singapore Pte Ltd. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Google search terms: Frenchman Jean David Techer, >>>>>>> Singaporean Teo En Ming's Xen, Linux Kernel and Xen VGA >>>>>>> Passthrough Documentation, Xen 4.2-unstable VGA >>>>>>> Passthrough to Windows 8 Consumer Preview and Windows XP >>>>>>> HVM Virtual Machines >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Thank you very much for reading my lengthy email. I am >>>>>>> always courteous, saying "Please help me. Please. >>>>>>> Please. Please." and "Thank you very much for your kind >>>>>>> assistance" in my emails. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Thank you very much. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> -- >>>>>>> Yours sincerely, >>>>>>> Mr. Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) >>>>>>> Singapore Citizen >>>>>>> >>>>>>> cc: His Excellency The Prime Minister Mr. Lee Hsien >>>>>>> Loong, Prime Minister's Office, Republic of Singapore >>>>>>> >>>>>>> On 29/03/2012 03:53, Casey DeLorme wrote: >>>>>>>> Hi Teo, >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> I tried David's patch files a while ago *_without >>>>>>>> success_*. I had Xen compiled with the patch files and >>>>>>>> my GTX 460 VGA BIOS rom, _*but I got the same as you, >>>>>>>> either a BSOD or Code 43 in Device Manager.*_ >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> You sound plenty competent, but it's important to >>>>>>>> remember that you are pioneering a technology that for >>>>>>>> consumers is still in its infancy. Very few people are >>>>>>>> testing this with consumer equipment, so finding >>>>>>>> results seems to be a rarity. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> _______________________________________________ >>>>>>> Xen-users mailing list >>>>>>> Xen-users@lists.xen.org >>>>>>> http://lists.xen.org/xen-users >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>> >>> >> >> > -- Yours sincerely, Mr. Teo En Ming (Zhang Enming) Singapore