From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from shelob.surriel.com (shelob.surriel.com [96.67.55.147]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id EAE4FC77B7A for ; Tue, 16 May 2023 12:25:33 +0000 (UTC) Received: from localhost ([::1] helo=shelob.surriel.com) by shelob.surriel.com with esmtp (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1pytj7-0000kR-0m; Tue, 16 May 2023 08:24:25 -0400 Received: from mail-yb1-xb2d.google.com ([2607:f8b0:4864:20::b2d]) by shelob.surriel.com with esmtps (TLS1.2) tls TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1pytj0-0000kF-0e for kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org; Tue, 16 May 2023 08:24:23 -0400 Received: by mail-yb1-xb2d.google.com with SMTP id 3f1490d57ef6-ba81f71dfefso972629276.0 for ; Tue, 16 May 2023 05:24:16 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=vt-edu.20221208.gappssmtp.com; s=20221208; t=1684239847; x=1686831847; h=message-id:date:content-transfer-encoding:mime-version:references :in-reply-to:subject:cc:to:from:sender:from:to:cc:subject:date :message-id:reply-to; bh=ceDP/7TRypa8ZmR2XaPOptE0g30qzm66wLY2Kdl696g=; b=RmCswM1oCpKAlSS+Va5sFXj7RgVtKuGnci/dCJgrM4090kiG8BCT0B/JeRnHxKAh4l k97kMeMs5oVILupPMBTGF03dHoHomP2ND6U6vKEodCRXU+WTXpQ9blRCrS5aQfIEA6yN A+RgUL3POhULd875OtgYZ4id/gNzPQxadypakbKQ5nZe+MGQ8X2r7Sy6zobXPDgVpGrl JaJpCwMRWksY3GuEOfHidEjvX5N+fWUuW+Z3QtavnMV67ezVCJCNVzxTyzBCFpzsw9nA ad2W8Oeld1+/NUPaek9KjmqKHkWPmdeCe5D5QQS0h1nhz/OPdrMNGp/H9kioTKStNe8r peXQ== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20221208; t=1684239847; x=1686831847; h=message-id:date:content-transfer-encoding:mime-version:references :in-reply-to:subject:cc:to:from:sender:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc :subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=ceDP/7TRypa8ZmR2XaPOptE0g30qzm66wLY2Kdl696g=; b=kCmMh/Y5iZRliGnUTZ47RkGsTtLLEwb1Pmcxve+nSdrf6u0LCDKsqtp/O8jqwC8NEX k8XlexD/beAGLzwdNtSTHTisPx6lnVU854NArY2Xid0prawJUy6q/8zt8OlgbmDF79d2 XJRIfmfT1ILt90H0lG2/gGY9qTk/8CC5pJFZx0gSeet/O2+ZP4YCBZoIHrhekTFD0G4a xIWcyvHHtfm+hnMwgztRtDkJ2n/oGq3FvdNxT4Jom2rymK2v0+bK/c6Fa5U50/JvHtOS v6sFia65WydgxKV55WWOVOpwiUDPx/Ho6Imx82NWFsiywSLv7o2MlVg0KG8ajLk5TQ84 OzBA== X-Gm-Message-State: AC+VfDxAsYpXL3J3xPLmKFIDuslkMHaihO9jJpeX2bj7SOUk7kSjxvNJ 3jWHTVZF93z7Q9x71/hzLOtAdroF3u9krhRuim0= X-Google-Smtp-Source: ACHHUZ5+AuLvT13Y5W27CDzD/lBlit5bJoG6Hyffws9nnRJezTWlYoWhbaGMBnHPrQk0vROUitQAMA== X-Received: by 2002:a0d:d583:0:b0:55a:f400:5087 with SMTP id x125-20020a0dd583000000b0055af4005087mr37760513ywd.27.1684239846969; Tue, 16 May 2023 05:24:06 -0700 (PDT) Received: from turing-police ([2601:5c0:c300:1f41::adb]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id m19-20020a819c13000000b005613fb70ab2sm545853ywa.95.2023.05.16.05.24.06 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Tue, 16 May 2023 05:24:06 -0700 (PDT) From: "Valdis Kl=?utf-8?Q?=c4=93?=tnieks" X-Google-Original-From: "Valdis Kl=?utf-8?Q?=c4=93?=tnieks" X-Mailer: exmh version 2.10.0-pre 07/05/2021 with nmh-1.8+dev To: Deepak Goel Subject: Re: Starting to learn Linux... In-Reply-To: References: Mime-Version: 1.0 Date: Tue, 16 May 2023 08:24:05 -0400 Message-ID: <574162.1684239845@turing-police> Cc: kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org X-BeenThere: kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.15 Precedence: list List-Id: Learn about the Linux kernel List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="===============5788223109888287470==" Errors-To: kernelnewbies-bounces@kernelnewbies.org --===============5788223109888287470== Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="==_Exmh_1684239845_255198P"; micalg=pgp-sha256; protocol="application/pgp-signature" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit --==_Exmh_1684239845_255198P Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii On Tue, 16 May 2023 12:42:19 +0530, Deepak Goel said: > I want to learn more about Linux. Step 0: Learn what a kernel is, and what userspace is. Figure out if you are trying to learn how to use/administer a Linux-based system, or how to write user programs that run on Linux-based computers, or learn about the Linux kernel itself. This may or may not be helpful, depending what you are trying to do: https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/pipermail/kernelnewbies/2017-April/017765.html > Is there a complete list of programs in Linux OS? No. And if there *was*, it wouldn't be very helpful. That's because Linux is used on everything from smart watches, to every Android-based device on the planet, to supercomputers, to the largest web services on the planet. And what gets installed on any given Linux based system depends on what the designer and/or user wants included. Google *alone* has several billion (yes, with a 'b') lines of code that make up the programs that do all the magic for Google search, Gmail, Youtube, and all their other services. And the last I heard, Google isn't sharing all those programs with the world. Then there's everything from genealogy programs, to programs that will handle the raw binary format images produced by Nikon cameras, to information security related software, to planetarium simulators, to text-to-speech software, to database servers, to totally niche things like the 'nmh' email software, which probably has less than 100 users worldwide these days. And that's just what's on my laptop. The end result is that as I write this, the Fedora Rawhide distribution of Linux includes around 25,000 available packages to install, many of which include multiple programs. That doesn't include programs available from third party sites. And not all packages can be usefully installed on all systems - the programs for a Linux-based smart watch won't do anything useful on your desktop, while the desktop programs won't even *fit* in that smart watch. > And what do they do? See above. --==_Exmh_1684239845_255198P Content-Type: application/pgp-signature -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Comment: Exmh version 2.9.0 11/07/2018 iQEcBAEBCAAGBQJkY3XkAAoJEI0DS38y7CIcpx4H/iZ/wvsYYTmlqIbWaRCL6/Vl NrWD7ET01jQujvArS7Z+lpXWuThhZhz6262aG1xyiu64PB4q1Ul0n0zi+BM63mPy +QEYNPv7v4r3YJCUvxiExo/2KOQnOEqRP4vwXvRKoWDj+l9LGJCaq+f0w1ewxwFB 4FEZl3AzaZiN8OsbtXoEgB/vmI4qvpeR/+bwzv/BlcrY5iDFl04YJTU1WdiIWp6c TmcQekdUNyj5gQiWAalhmoFX0bINLOzBYtGdKfZb4udUjx0SyQxfzRFpJhMzOPZy FPZEDWeJmwWnOloC7o9i2ppFLqsOBZV6PDEOEOJ/ActEBYVVdQUUTAHtJUT7vpk= =Re/i -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --==_Exmh_1684239845_255198P-- --===============5788223109888287470== Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline _______________________________________________ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org https://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies --===============5788223109888287470==--