All of lore.kernel.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
 messages from 2024-12-06 00:53:52 to 2024-12-06 02:23:44 UTC [more...]

[PATCH] advice: suggest using subcommand "git config set"
 2024-12-06  2:23 UTC  (5+ messages)

[PATCH] drm/xe: Call invalidation_fence_fini for PT inval fences in error state
 2024-12-06  2:21 UTC  (5+ messages)
` ✓ CI.Patch_applied: success for "
` ✓ CI.checkpatch: "
` ✓ CI.KUnit: "
` ✓ CI.Build: "

[PATCH v2 1/4] vdpa/octeon_ep: enable support for multiple interrupts per device
 2024-12-06  2:21 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 2/4] vdpa/octeon_ep: handle device config change events
` [PATCH v2 3/4] vdpa/octeon_ep: read vendor-specific PCI capability

arm64: include/linux/compiler_types.h:542:38: error: call to '__compiletime_assert_1050' declared with attribute error: clamp() low limit min greater than high limit max_avail
 2024-12-06  2:18 UTC  (4+ messages)

[PATCH v5 00/16] media: qcom: camss: Add sm8550 support
 2024-12-06  2:20 UTC  (7+ messages)
` [PATCH 11/16] dt-bindings: media: camss: Add qcom,sm8550-camss binding
` [PATCH 12/16] media: qcom: camss: Add default case in vfe_src_pad_code

[PATCH 00/11] nfs: improve use of wake_up_bit and wake_up_var
 2024-12-06  2:15 UTC  (12+ messages)
` [PATCH 01/11] sunrpc: remove explicit barrier from rpc_make_runnable()
` [PATCH 02/11] sunrpc: use clear_and_wake_up_bit() for XPRT_LOCKED
` [PATCH 03/11] nfs: use clear_and_wake_up_bit()
` [PATCH 04/11] nfs: combine NFS_LAYOUT_RETURN and NFS_LAYOUT_RETURN_LOCK
` [PATCH 05/11] nfs: use clear_and_wake_up_bit() in pnfs code
` [PATCH 06/11] nfs: use store_release_wake_up() for clearing d_fsdata
` [PATCH 07/11] sunrpc: discard rpc_wait_bit_killable()
` [PATCH 08/11] nfs: discard nfs_wait_bit_killable()
` [PATCH 09/11] nfs: add memory barrier before calling wake_up_var on cl_state
` [PATCH 10/11] nfs: use atomic_dec_and_wake_up()
` [PATCH 11/11] nfs: use wait_var_event_spinlock() to wait for nfsi->layout to change

[PATCHv11 00/10] block write streams with nvme fdp
 2024-12-06  2:18 UTC  (12+ messages)
` [PATCHv11 01/10] fs: add a write stream field to the kiocb
` [PATCHv11 02/10] io_uring: protection information enhancements
` [PATCHv11 03/10] io_uring: add write stream attribute
` [PATCHv11 04/10] block: add a bi_write_stream field
` [PATCHv11 05/10] block: introduce max_write_streams queue limit
` [PATCHv11 06/10] block: introduce a write_stream_granularity "
` [PATCHv11 07/10] block: expose write streams for block device nodes
` [PATCHv11 08/10] nvme: add a nvme_get_log_lsi helper
` [PATCHv11 09/10] nvme: register fdp queue limits
` [PATCHv11 10/10] nvme: use fdp streams if write stream is provided

[PATCH] ALSA: cmipci: Modify the incorrect format specifier
 2024-12-06  2:16 UTC 

[PATCH net-next 0/2] Fix race between datagram socket address change and rehash
 2024-12-06  2:16 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH net-next 2/2] datagram, udp: Set local address and rehash socket atomically against lookup

[f2fs-dev] [PATCH] libf2fs_io: change lseek & read/write to pread/pwrite
 2024-12-06  2:15 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH bpf-next v4 1/2] bpftool: Fix gen object segfault
 2024-12-06  2:13 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH bpf-next v4 2/2] libbpf: linker: Avoid using object file as both input and output

[PATCH 0/2] padata: fix UAF in padata_reorder
 2024-12-06  2:13 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH 1/2] padata: add pd get/put refcnt helper

[PATCH v2 net] net: defer final 'struct net' free in netns dismantle
 2024-12-06  2:12 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH bpf-next v3] bpftool: Fix gen object segfault
 2024-12-06  2:06 UTC  (6+ messages)

[PATCH v3 00/12] Add PXP HWDRM support
 2024-12-06  2:10 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 01/12] drm/xe/pxp: Initialize PXP structure and KCR reg
` [PATCH v3 02/12] drm/xe/pxp: Allocate PXP execution resources

[PATCH 0/2] Kexec: Sign Image before packing into EFI STUB
 2024-12-06  2:09 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH 1/2] Makefile.zboot: Sign Image before packing into EFI-STUB shell
` [PATCH 2/2] kexec: Introduce KEXEC_SIGN_IMAGE config option

[linus:master] [perf tools] af954f76ee: perf-sanity-tests.Test_data_symbol.fail
 2024-12-06  2:10 UTC  (6+ messages)

[PATCH net] tipc: fix NULL deref in cleanup_bearer()
 2024-12-06  2:10 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH v2 1/2] platform/chrome: cros_ec: jump to RW before probing
 2024-12-06  2:09 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH] ALSA: au88x0: Modify the incorrect format specifier
 2024-12-06  2:05 UTC 

[PATCH v2 1/2] mm: use aligned address in clear_gigantic_page()
 2024-12-06  2:08 UTC  (20+ messages)

[android-common:android12-5.4 10840/30000] drivers/dma-buf/heaps/deferred-free-helper.c:23:19: sparse: sparse: symbol 'freelist_waitqueue' was not declared. Should it be static?
 2024-12-06  2:07 UTC 

[PATCH v1 net] ip: Return drop reason if in_dev is NULL in ip_route_input_rcu()
 2024-12-06  2:07 UTC 

+ mseal-move-can_do_mseal-to-msealc.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  2:04 UTC 

Using btrfs raid5/6
 2024-12-06  2:03 UTC  (3+ messages)

[resend v2 00/19] Add Cadence NAND Driver support
 2024-12-06  2:03 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [resend v2 14/19] configs: nand2_defconfig: Enable configs for nand boot

✗ Xe.CI.Full: failure for tests/intel/xe_exec_store: Introduce long-shader tests
 2024-12-06  2:02 UTC 

[PATCH 00/67] target/arm: AArch64 decodetree conversion, final part
 2024-12-06  2:01 UTC  (11+ messages)
` [PATCH 22/67] target/arm: Convert FCMP, FCMPE, FCCMP, FCCMPE to decodetree
` [PATCH 23/67] target/arm: Convert FMOV, FABS, FNEG (scalar) "
` [PATCH 24/67] target/arm: Pass fpstatus to vfp_sqrt*

[RFC PATCH v2 00/21] riscv: Introduce 64K base page
 2024-12-06  2:00 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH V4 RESEND net-next 0/7] Support some features for the HIBMCGE driver
 2024-12-06  1:59 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH V4 RESEND net-next 1/7] net: hibmcge: Add debugfs supported in this module
` [PATCH V4 RESEND net-next 6/7] net: hibmcge: Add reset "

[PATCH] nfs: prevent out-of-bounds memory access in nfs4_xdr_dec_open and nfs4_xdr_dec_open_noattr
 2024-12-05  9:13 UTC 

[PATCH bpf-next v4 0/2] libbpf: Fix bpftool gen object segfault
 2024-12-06  1:58 UTC 

[PATCH net-next v4 0/7] Add Aspeed G7 FTGMAC100 support
 2024-12-06  1:57 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH net-next v4 1/7] dt-bindings: net: ftgmac100: support for AST2700
    ` 回覆: "

[PATCH v2 i-g-t 0/1] tests/intel/xe_eudebug_online: Fix run_online_client memory leak
 2024-12-06  1:55 UTC  (2+ messages)
` ✗ i915.CI.Full: failure for tests/intel/xe_eudebug_online: Fix run_online_client memory leak (rev2)

[PATCH v2] perf vendor events arm64: Add FUJITSU-MONAKA pmu event
 2024-12-06  1:53 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCHv2 blktests 0/2] add nvme test for creating sleep while atomic kernel BUG
 2024-12-06  1:53 UTC  (9+ messages)
` [PATCHv2 blktests 2/2] nvme: add test for writing to file-ns just after disabling it

[PATCH 0/4] Zone write plugging fixes
 2024-12-06  1:52 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH 1/4] block: Use a zone write plug BIO work for REQ_NOWAIT BIOs
` [PATCH 2/4] block: Ignore REQ_NOWAIT for zone reset and zone finish operations
` [PATCH 3/4] block: Prevent potential deadlocks in zone write plug error recovery
` [PATCH 4/4] dm: Fix dm-zoned-reclaim zone write pointer alignment

[PATCH v3 0/5] sched_ext: Support high-performance monotonically non-decreasing clock
 2024-12-06  1:50 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 2/5] sched_ext: Manage the validity of scx_rq_clock

[PATCH] nvme-pci: Shutdown the device if D3Cold is allowed by the user
 2024-12-06  1:49 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH v3] kbuild: rust: add PROCMACROLDFLAGS
 2024-12-06  1:48 UTC  (4+ messages)

[android-common:android12-5.4 4884/30000] init/main.c:251:6: sparse: sparse: symbol 'xbc_namebuf' was not declared. Should it be static?
 2024-12-06  1:46 UTC 

[PATCH] fuse: Prevent hung task warning if FUSE server gets stuck
 2024-12-06  1:47 UTC  (4+ messages)

[PATCH net v1] net: stmmac: TSO: Fix unaligned DMA unmap for non-paged SKB data
 2024-12-06  1:45 UTC  (3+ messages)

[next -v1 0/5] Some cleanup for memcg
 2024-12-06  1:35 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [next -v1 1/5] memcg: use OFP_PEAK_UNSET instead of -1
` [next -v1 2/5] memcg: call the free function when allocation of pn fails
` [next -v1 3/5] memcg: simplify the mem_cgroup_update_lru_size function
` [next -v1 4/5] memcg: factor out the __refill_obj_stock function
` [next -v1 5/5] memcg: factor out stat(event)/stat_local(event_local) reading functions

[PATCH v10 0/2] Add support for nuvoton ma35 nand controller
 2024-12-06  1:43 UTC  (4+ messages)

[PATCH] wifi: mt76: mt7921: add rfkill_poll for hardware rfkill
 2024-12-06  1:43 UTC 

Packet pointer invalidation and subprograms
 2024-12-06  1:44 UTC  (6+ messages)

[PATCH i-g-t] lib/intel_bufops: Set NEEDS_VISIBLE_VRAM for each buf by default
 2024-12-06  1:44 UTC  (3+ messages)
` ✗ Xe.CI.BAT: failure for "
` ✓ i915.CI.BAT: success "

[PATCH 0/6 v3] nfsd: allocate/free session-based DRC slots on demand
 2024-12-06  1:43 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH 4/6] nfsd: allocate new "

[withdrawn] mm-migrate-drop-redundant-anonymous-statistics-for-file-folios-migration.patch removed from -mm tree
 2024-12-06  1:43 UTC 

[meta-networking][PATCH] ot-br-posix: Fix Musl build error
 2024-12-06  1:43 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [oe] "

+ mm-shmem-fix-shmemhugepages-at-swapout.patch added to mm-hotfixes-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:42 UTC 

[PATCH bpf v2 0/9] Fixes for LPM trie
 2024-12-06  1:40 UTC  (8+ messages)
` [PATCH bpf v2 7/9] bpf: Use raw_spinlock_t "

[PATCH v8 0/2] x86/cacheinfo: Set the number of leaves per CPU
 2024-12-06  1:47 UTC  (8+ messages)
` [PATCH v8 2/2] x86/cacheinfo: Delete global num_cache_leaves

[PATCH v1] mseal: move can_do_mseal to mseal.c
 2024-12-06  1:39 UTC 

[PATCH v3 net] net: phy: micrel: Dynamically control external clock of KSZ PHY
 2024-12-06  1:21 UTC 

[PATCH v5 0/2] Enable ethernet for qcs8300
 2024-12-06  1:35 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH v5 1/2] arm64: dts: qcom: qcs8300: add the first 2.5G ethernet
` [PATCH v5 2/2] arm64: dts: qcom: qcs8300-ride: enable ethernet0

[PATCH v2] nvmet: handle rw's limited retry flag
 2024-12-06  1:34 UTC 

[rdma:wip/leon-for-rc] BUILD SUCCESS d507d29bfde3fee6a74d098a9ac640b8fc1a549b
 2024-12-06  1:29 UTC 

+ mm-shmem-refactor-to-reuse-vfs_parse_monolithic_sep-for-option-parsing.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:31 UTC 

[tip:x86/mm] [x86/mm/tlb] 209954cbc7: will-it-scale.per_thread_ops 13.2% regression
 2024-12-06  1:30 UTC  (7+ messages)
` [PATCH] x86,mm: only trim the mm_cpumask once a second
    ` [PATCH v3] "
        ` [PATCH v4] "

+ ocfs2-fix-the-space-leak-in-la-when-releasing-la.patch added to mm-hotfixes-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:28 UTC 

+ ocfs2-revert-ocfs2-fix-the-la-space-leak-when-unmounting-an-ocfs2-volume.patch added to mm-hotfixes-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:28 UTC 

[PATCH 6.1] media: mediatek: vcodec: Handle invalid decoder vsi
 2024-12-06  1:27 UTC 

[PATCH] EDAC/{i10nm,skx,skx_common}: Support multiple clumps
 2024-12-06  1:26 UTC  (7+ messages)

+ mailmap-add-entry-for-ying-huang.patch added to mm-hotfixes-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:25 UTC 

+ xarray-extract-helper-from-__xa_insertcmpxchg-fix.patch added to mm-nonmm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:24 UTC 

[PATCH V2] pwm: stm32-lp: Add check for clk_enable()
 2024-12-06  1:26 UTC 

[PATCH] net/ice/base: support switch recipe reuse
 2024-12-06  1:38 UTC 

[PATCH hotfix] mm: shmem: fix ShmemHugePages at swapout
 2024-12-06  1:22 UTC  (2+ messages)

[RFC PATCH v2 0/20] fwctl/cxl: Add CXL feature commands support via fwctl
 2024-12-06  1:21 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [RFC PATCH v2 09/20] fwctl/cxl: Add driver for CXL mailbox for handling CXL features commands

[PATCH] net/ethernet: fix typo in annotation comment
 2024-12-06  1:20 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH net-next v1 0/7] Introduce unified and structured PHY
 2024-12-06  1:19 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH net-next v1 1/7] net: ethtool: plumb PHY stats to PHY drivers

+ alloc_tag-fix-module-allocation-tags-populated-area-calculation-fix.patch added to mm-hotfixes-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:18 UTC 

+ xarray-port-tests-to-kunit.patch added to mm-nonmm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:17 UTC 

fs/bcachefs/reflink.c:37:5-8: Unneeded variable: "ret". Return "0" on line 44
 2024-12-06  1:15 UTC 

[PATCH v5 0/4] power: supply: extension API
 2024-12-06  1:15 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH v5 4/4] power: supply: cros_charge-control: implement a power supply extension

+ build_bugh-more-user-friendly-error-messages-in-build_bug_on_zero.patch added to mm-nonmm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:15 UTC 

drivers/md/bcache/super.c:108:14: sparse: sparse: restricted __le64 degrades to integer
 2024-12-06  1:15 UTC 

[PATCH i-g-t] tests/intel/gem_exec_balancer: Decrease expected load value
 2024-12-06  1:14 UTC  (3+ messages)
` ✗ Xe.CI.BAT: failure for tests/intel/gem_exec_balancer: Decrease expected load value (rev2)
` ✗ i915.CI.BAT: "

[PATCH net v4 0/6] virtio_net: correct netdev_tx_reset_queue() invocation points
 2024-12-06  1:13 UTC  (8+ messages)
` [PATCH net v4 1/6] virtio_net: correct netdev_tx_reset_queue() invocation point
` [PATCH net v4 2/6] virtio_net: replace vq2rxq with vq2txq where appropriate
` [PATCH net v4 3/6] virtio_ring: add a func argument 'recycle_done' to virtqueue_resize()
` [PATCH net v4 4/6] virtio_net: ensure netdev_tx_reset_queue is called on tx ring resize
` [PATCH net v4 5/6] virtio_ring: add a func argument 'recycle_done' to virtqueue_reset()
` [PATCH net v4 6/6] virtio_net: ensure netdev_tx_reset_queue is called on bind xsk for tx

[PATCH V1 0/7] AMD NPU driver improvements
 2024-12-06  1:13 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH V1 6/7] accel/amdxdna: Enhance power management settings

+ include-update-references-to-include-asm-arch.patch added to mm-nonmm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:13 UTC 

+ kbuild-drop-support-for-include-asm-arch-in-headers_checkpl.patch added to mm-nonmm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:13 UTC 

+ checkpatch-update-reference-to-include-asm-arch.patch added to mm-nonmm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:13 UTC 

[PATCH v4 0/3] uboot-sign: support ATF and TFE ITS generation
 2024-12-06  1:12 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [OE-core] "

[to-be-updated] ucounts-move-kfree-out-of-critical-zone-protected-by-ucounts_lock.patch removed from -mm tree
 2024-12-06  1:10 UTC 

+ ucounts-move-kfree-out-of-critical-zone-protected-by-ucounts_lock.patch added to mm-nonmm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:10 UTC  (3+ messages)

[ndctl PATCH 1/1] daxctl: Output more information if memblock is unremovable
 2024-12-06  1:10 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH] target/mips: Remove tswap() calls in semihosting uhi_fstat_cb()
 2024-12-06  1:09 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH 0/2] overcommit: introduce mem-lock-onfault
 2024-12-06  1:08 UTC  (2+ messages)

[RFC PATCH v1 0/2] Add file seal to prevent future exec mappings
 2024-12-06  1:09 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [RFC PATCH v1 1/2] mm/memfd: Add support for F_SEAL_FUTURE_EXEC to memfd
` [RFC PATCH v1 2/2] selftests/memfd: Add tests for F_SEAL_FUTURE_EXEC

[PATCH blktests 0/2] add nvme test for creating sleep while atomic kernel BUG
 2024-12-06  1:09 UTC  (6+ messages)

+ selftests-mm-add-fork-cow-guard-page-test.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:07 UTC 

+ selftests-memfd-run-sysctl-tests-when-pid-namespace-support-is-enabled.patch added to mm-hotfixes-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  1:04 UTC 

[PATCH v3 00/11] driver core: Constify API device_find_child()
 2024-12-06  1:02 UTC  (10+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 01/11] libnvdimm: Simplify nd_namespace_store() implementation
` [PATCH v3 08/11] gpio: sim: Remove gpio_sim_dev_match_fwnode()
` [PATCH v3 10/11] cxl/pmem: Remove match_nvdimm_bridge()

[RFC PATCH v2 1/3] KVM: arm64: SIGBUS VMM for SEA guest abort
 2024-12-06  1:02 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [RFC PATCH v2 2/3] KVM: arm64: set FnV in vcpu's ESR_ELx when host FAR_EL2 is invalid
` [RFC PATCH v2 3/3] Documentation: kvm: new UAPI when arm64 guest consumes UER

[PATCH v4 00/14] KVM: arm64: Rework guest VM fixed feature handling and trapping in pKVM
 2024-12-06  1:02 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 05/14] KVM: arm64: Initialize feature id registers for protected VMs

[RFC PATCH v1] KVM: arm64: Introduce KVM_CAP_ARM_SIGBUS_ON_SEA
 2024-12-06  1:02 UTC  (7+ messages)

[PATCH v4 0/3] Parse the HEST PCIe AER and set to relevant registers
 2024-12-05 11:40 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 1/3] ACPI/APEI: Add hest_parse_pcie_aer()
` [PATCH v4 2/3] PCI: Add AER bits #defines for PCIe to PCI/PCI-X Bridge
` [PATCH v4 3/3] PCI/ACPI: Add pci_acpi_program_hest_aer_params()

[PATCH v2 0/7] migration/multifd: Some VFIO / postcopy preparations on flush
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC  (8+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 1/7] migration/multifd: Further remove the SYNC on complete
` [PATCH v2 2/7] migration/multifd: Allow to sync with sender threads only
` [PATCH v2 3/7] migration/ram: Move RAM_SAVE_FLAG* into ram.h
` [PATCH v2 4/7] migration/multifd: Unify RAM_SAVE_FLAG_MULTIFD_FLUSH messages
` [PATCH v2 5/7] migration/multifd: Remove sync processing on postcopy
` [PATCH v2 6/7] migration/multifd: Cleanup src flushes on condition check
` [PATCH v2 7/7] migration/multifd: Document the reason to sync for save_setup()

[PATCH bpf v2 1/1] selftests/bpf: Actuate tx_metadata_len in xdp_hw_metadata
 2024-12-06  1:00 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH bpf-next v2 1/1] selftests/bpf: Enable Tx hwtstamp in xdp_hw_metadata
 2024-12-06  1:00 UTC  (2+ messages)

+ documentation-move-dev-tools-debugging-files-to-process-debugging.patch added to mm-nonmm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  0:59 UTC 

[PATCH] net/mlx5: do not poll CQEs when no available elts
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC 

+ mm-mglru-rework-workingset-protection.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC 

+ mm-mglru-rework-refault-detection.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC 

+ mm-mglru-rework-type-selection.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC 

[PATCH v4 0/2] Enable ethernet for qcs8300
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 2/2] arm64: dts: qcom: qcs8300-ride: enable ethernet0

+ mm-mglru-rework-aging-feedback.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC 

+ mm-mglru-optimize-deactivation.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC 

+ mm-mglru-clean-up-workingset.patch added to mm-unstable branch
 2024-12-06  0:58 UTC 

[PATCH v30 00/30] Introduce QC USB SND audio offloading support
 2024-12-06  0:53 UTC  (10+ messages)

[PATCH 00/10] of: fix bugs and improve codes
 2024-12-06  0:52 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH 07/10] of: Correct comments for of_alias_scan()
` [PATCH 08/10] of: Swap implementation between of_property_present() and of_property_read_bool()
` [PATCH 09/10] of: property: Implement of_fwnode_property_present() by of_property_present()
` [PATCH 10/10] of: Simplify API of_find_node_with_property() implementation


This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.