All of lore.kernel.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
 messages from 2025-01-24 15:28:57 to 2025-01-24 16:30:46 UTC [more...]

[cocci] [PATCH v2 0/5] kci-gitlab: Introducing GitLab-CI Pipeline for Kernel Testing
 2025-01-24 15:45 UTC  (14+ messages)
` [cocci] [PATCH v2 3/5] kci-gitlab: Add drm scenario
      `  "
          ` [PATCH v2 0/5] kci-gitlab: Introducing GitLab-CI Pipeline for Kernel Testing

[RFC PATCH 00/21] Reduce code duplication across Intel NIC drivers
 2025-01-24 16:29 UTC  (10+ messages)
` [PATCH v6 00/25] "
  ` [PATCH v6 01/25] net: move intel drivers to intel subdirectory
  ` [PATCH v6 02/25] net/intel: create common pkt reassembly fn
  ` [PATCH v6 03/25] net/intel: provide common Tx entry structures
  ` [PATCH v6 04/25] net/intel: create common Tx mbuf ring replenish fn
  ` [PATCH v6 05/25] net/intel: align Tx queue struct field names
  ` [PATCH v6 06/25] net/intel: add prefix for driver-specific structs
  ` [PATCH v6 07/25] net/intel: merge ice and i40e Tx queue struct
  ` [PATCH v6 08/25] net/iavf: use common Tx queue structure

[PATCH 00/11] drm/i915: intel_display conversions and some debug improvements
 2025-01-24 16:30 UTC 

[PATCH 00/76] target/arm: Implement FEAT_AFP and FEAT_RPRES
 2025-01-24 16:27 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH 01/76] target/i386: Do not raise Invalid for 0 * Inf + QNaN
` [PATCH 03/76] target/arm: arm_reset_sve_state() should set FPSR, not FPCR
` [PATCH 04/76] target/arm: Use FPSR_ constants in vfp_exceptbits_from_host()
` [PATCH 05/76] target/arm: Use uint32_t "
` [PATCH 13/76] target/arm: Define new fp_status_f16_a32 and fp_status_f16_a64

Bug#1093243: Upgrade to 6.1.123 kernel causes mariadb hangs
 2025-01-24 16:30 UTC  (5+ messages)

[PATCH i-g-t v2 0/3] Drop device scan cache logic
 2025-01-24 16:28 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH i-g-t v2 2/3] lib/igt_device_scan: change device list variable visibility
` [PATCH i-g-t v2 3/3] tests/xe_intel_bb: check multithreading rescans won't segfault

[PATCH 1/2] oeqa/selftest/recipetool: Update create_go test
 2025-01-23 18:47 UTC  (2+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/2] classes: go-vendor: Change symlink creation

[PATCH] classes: add rootfs-footprint
 2025-01-24 14:18 UTC 

[PATCH] font-util: Correct SPDX expression
 2025-01-24 16:17 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH] libbsd: Drop licenses that were removed upstream
` [PATCH] libxfont2: Document more specific BSD-4-Clause-UC
` [PATCH] man-pages: "
` [PATCH] util-linux: "

New FAQ entry
 2025-01-24 16:27 UTC  (2+ messages)
` [tsc] "

[PATCH v2 0/7] physmem: teach cpu_memory_rw_debug() to write to more memory regions
 2025-01-24 16:24 UTC  (9+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 1/7] physmem: factor out memory_region_is_ram_device() check in memory_access_is_direct()
` [PATCH v2 3/7] physmem: factor out direct access check into memory_region_supports_direct_access()
` [PATCH v2 4/7] physmem: disallow direct access to RAM DEVICE in address_space_write_rom()
` [PATCH v2 5/7] memory: pass MemTxAttrs to memory_access_is_direct()
` [PATCH v2 6/7] hmp: use cpu_get_phys_page_debug() in hmp_gva2gpa()
` [PATCH v2 7/7] physmem: teach cpu_memory_rw_debug() to write to more memory regions

[PATCH bpf-next v6 0/6] bpf, mm: Introduce try_alloc_pages()
 2025-01-24 16:28 UTC  (6+ messages)

[PATCH 0/2] hw/cxl: Add tracing for component I/O region
 2025-01-24 16:28 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/2] hw/cxl: Allow tracing component I/O accesses

[PATCH 1/2] trace: support expression for blob length
 2025-01-24 16:14 UTC  (2+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/2] dmadev: avoid copies in tracepoints

[PATCH bpf-next v3 0/3] Add prog_kfunc feature probe
 2025-01-24 16:27 UTC  (7+ messages)
` [PATCH bpf-next v3 1/3] libbpf: Refactor libbpf_probe_bpf_helper
` [PATCH bpf-next v3 2/3] libbpf: Add libbpf_probe_bpf_kfunc API
` [PATCH bpf-next v3 3/3] selftests/bpf: Add libbpf_probe_bpf_kfunc API selftests

[PATCH v6 00/15] XSC PMD for Yunsilicon NICs
 2025-01-24 16:26 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH v6 01/15] net/xsc: add xsc PMD framework

[PATCH 0/4] vfio/igd: remove incorrect IO BAR4 quirk
 2025-01-24 15:49 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH 3/4] vfio/igd: refactor vfio_probe_igd_bar4_quirk() into pci config quirk

[PATCH 0/5] Convert the MIPS replay tests to the functional framework
 2025-01-24 16:26 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH 1/5] tests/functional: Add a decorator for skipping long running tests
` [PATCH 2/5] tests/functional: Add the ReplayKernelBase class

[PATCH v5 0/3] vfio/nvgrace-gpu: Enable grace blackwell boards
 2025-01-24 16:24 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v5 1/3] vfio/nvgrace-gpu: Read dvsec register to determine need for uncached resmem
` [PATCH v5 3/3] vfio/nvgrace-gpu: Check the HBM training and C2C link status

kirkstone merge request: Jan 24th
 2025-01-24 16:24 UTC 

[PATCH v4 0/3] Add support for ADP1051/ADP1055 and LTP8800-1A/-2/-4A
 2025-01-24 16:24 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 2/3] hwmon: (pmbus/adp1050): Add support for adp1051, adp1055 and ltp8800

[PATCH v2 0/3] Static initcalls
 2025-01-24 16:23 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 2/3] common: board: make initcalls static

[cip-dev][isar-cip-core][PATCH] swupdate.bbclass: Add check if a swu file is greater than 4GB
 2025-01-24 16:22 UTC 

[PATCH v5 0/3] selftests/lam: get_user additions and LAM enabled check
 2025-01-24 16:23 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v5 1/3] selftests/lam: Move cpu_has_la57() to use cpuinfo flag
` [PATCH v5 2/3] selftests/lam: Skip test if LAM is disabled

[PATCH v2 0/2] Add me as the maintainer for ivshmem-pci
 2025-01-24 16:22 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH v3] hw/usb/hcd-ehci: Fix debug printf format string
 2025-01-24 16:21 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PULL 00/32] testing updates for 10.0 (tuxrun, libvirt, dockerfiles, misc)
 2025-01-24 16:18 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PULL 15/32] tests/functional/aarch64: add tests for FEAT_RME

[PATCH v9 0/5] drm/panthor: Display size of internal kernel BOs through fdinfo
 2025-01-24 16:18 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH v9 5/5] drm/panthor: Fix race condition when gathering fdinfo group samples

kprobe on local function
 2025-01-24 16:16 UTC  (5+ messages)

[PATCH 0/2] provide rte_ffs32, rte_ffs64 and __rte_x86_movdiri for MSVC
 2025-01-24 16:16 UTC  (8+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 0/3] provide rte_ffs32, rte_ffs64 and __rte_x86_movdiri
` [PATCH v3 "
  ` [PATCH v3 1/3] eal: provide movdiri for MSVC
  ` [PATCH v3 2/3] eal: add rte ffs32 and rte ffs64 inline functions
  ` [PATCH v3 3/3] app/test: add test for rte_ffs32 and rte_ffs64 functions

[RFC] perf script AMD/IBS: Add scripts to show function/instruction level granular profile
 2025-01-24 16:16 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH 0/6] drm: introduce atomic_needs_modeset() callbacks
 2025-01-24 16:16 UTC  (7+ messages)

[PATCH 00/35] Use VRR timing generator for fixed refresh rate modes
 2025-01-24 16:15 UTC  (8+ messages)
` ✓ CI.Build: success for Use VRR timing generator for fixed refresh rate modes (rev2)
` ✓ CI.Hooks: "
` ✗ CI.checksparse: warning "
` ✗ Fi.CI.CHECKPATCH: warning for Use VRR timing generator for fixed refresh rate modes (rev7)
` ✗ Fi.CI.SPARSE: "
` ✗ i915.CI.BAT: failure "
` ✗ Xe.CI.BAT: failure for Use VRR timing generator for fixed refresh rate modes (rev2)

[PATCH v1 0/6] serial: port: Fix UPIO_PORT iotype handling
 2025-01-24 16:10 UTC  (7+ messages)
` [PATCH v1 1/6] serial: port: Assign ->iotype correctly when ->iobase is set
` [PATCH v1 2/6] serial: port: Always update ->iotype in __uart_read_properties()
` [PATCH v1 3/6] serial: port: Make ->iotype validation global "
` [PATCH v1 4/6] serial: 8250_of: Remove unneeded ->iotype assignment
` [PATCH v1 5/6] serial: 8250_platform: "
` [PATCH v1 6/6] serial: 8250_pnp: "

[PATCH RFC net-next v3 0/8] netconsole: Add support for CPU population
 2025-01-24 16:15 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH RFC net-next v3 8/8] netconsole: docs: Add documentation for CPU number auto-population

next-20250121: kvm selftests: RIP: 0010:__kmalloc_node_noprof+0xff/0x490
 2025-01-24 16:13 UTC  (2+ messages)

[bitbake][kirkstone][2.0][PATCH 1/1] tests/fetch: Fix git shallow test failure with git >= 2.48
 2025-01-24 16:12 UTC 

[PATCH v2 0/2] LoongArch: Change the maximum number of watchpoints
 2025-01-24 16:11 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 1/2] LoongArch: Change 8 to 14 for LOONGARCH_MAX_{BRP,WRP}
` [PATCH v2 2/2] LoongArch: Extend the maximum number of watchpoints

[GIT PULL] auxdisplay for 6.14-1
 2025-01-24 16:11 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PULL] drm-misc-next-fixes
 2025-01-24 16:09 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH mptcp-next 0/3] Squash to "Add mptcp_subflow bpf_iter support"
 2025-01-24 16:10 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH mptcp-next 3/3] Squash to "selftests/bpf: Add mptcp_subflow bpf_iter subtest"

[PATCH v3 0/3] Initial support for PXA1908 and samsung-coreprimevelte
 2025-01-24 15:47 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 1/3] serial: ns16550: Add Intel XScale support
` [PATCH v3 2/3] arm: mmp: add initial support for PXA1908 SoC
` [PATCH v3 3/3] board: samsung: add initial support for coreprimevelte board

[linux-next:master] [serial] b63e6f60ea: BUG:soft_lockup-CPU##stuck_for#s![modprobe:#]
 2025-01-24 16:10 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH 0/2] LoongArch: Change the maximum number of watchpoints
 2025-01-24 16:09 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/2] LoongArch: Extend "

[PATCH v2 0/3] Initial support for PXA1908 and samsung-coreprimevelte
 2025-01-24 15:17 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 2/3] arm: mmp: add initial support for PXA1908 SoC

[PATCH v4 00/39] unwind, perf: sframe user space unwinding
 2025-01-24 16:08 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 05/39] x86/asm: Avoid emitting DWARF CFI for non-VDSO
` [PATCH v4 09/39] x86/vdso: Enable sframe generation in VDSO

[PATCH 0/8] nfsd: CB_SEQUENCE error handling fixes and cleanups
 2025-01-24 16:08 UTC  (13+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/8] nfsd: fix CB_SEQUENCE error handling of NFS4ERR_{BADSLOT,BADSESSION,SEQ_MISORDERED}
` [PATCH 7/8] nfsd: clean up and amend comments around nfsd4_cb_sequence_done()

[bitbake][scarthgap][2.8][PATCH 1/1] tests/fetch: Fix git shallow test failure with git >= 2.48
 2025-01-24 16:08 UTC 

[PATCH v1] drm/xe/hwmon: expose package and vram temperature
 2025-01-24 16:07 UTC  (9+ messages)

[PATCH] security: smack: fix typos and spelling errors
 2025-01-24 16:07 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH 0/5] arm64: dts: ti: k3-am62a/p: Add ddr-pmctrl, canuart-wake
 2025-01-24 16:05 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/5] dt-bindings: mfd: syscon: Add ti,am62-ddr-pmctrl

fatal: Not a valid object name HEAD
 2025-01-24 16:07 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH] fetch set_head: fix non-mirror remotes in bare repositories

[PATCH v4 0/9] soc: renesas: Add RZ/G3E SoC detection support
 2025-01-24 16:07 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 3/9] soc: renesas: rz-sysc: Move RZ/G3S SoC detection to the SYSC driver

[PATCH v2 1/3] Bluetooth: Fix possible race with userspace of sysfs isoc_alt
 2025-01-24 16:06 UTC  (5+ messages)

[pull] amdgpu, amdkfd drm-next-6.14
 2025-01-24 16:05 UTC  (2+ messages)

[GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.4
 2025-01-24 16:05 UTC  (12+ messages)
` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.5
  ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.6
    ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.7
      ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.8
        ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.9
          ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.10
            ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.11
              ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.12
                ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.13
                  ` [GIT PULL] Crypto Update for 6.14

[PATCH] landlock: fix grammar and spelling error
 2025-01-24 16:04 UTC  (3+ messages)

[GIT PULL] sound updates for 6.14-rc1
 2025-01-24 16:05 UTC  (2+ messages)

[GIT PULL] TPM DEVICE DRIVER: tpmdd-next-6.14-rc1
 2025-01-24 16:05 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCHv2 net] Bonding: Fix support for gso_partial_features
 2025-01-24 16:03 UTC  (5+ messages)

What's cooking in git.git (Jan 2025, #06; Wed, 22)
 2025-01-24 16:02 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH i-g-t] tests/intel/kms_pm_rpm: Update modifier to linear for display version 30+
 2025-01-24 16:02 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH net] net: netlink: prevent potential integer overflow in nlmsg_new()
 2025-01-24 16:02 UTC  (4+ messages)

[PATCH] drm_mode: document that pageflip events must always be sent
 2025-01-24 16:01 UTC 

[PATCH] iio: adc: ad7124: Fix comparison of channel configs
 2025-01-24 16:01 UTC 

[PATCH] PCI: dwc: Add the sysfs property to provide the LTSSM status of the PCIe link
 2025-01-24 16:01 UTC  (4+ messages)

[PATCH v2 1/1] cmd: sbi: add bhyve SBI implementation ID
 2025-01-24 16:00 UTC 

[PATCH 0/9] Add STM32MP25 SPI NOR support
 2025-01-24 15:53 UTC  (10+ messages)
` [PATCH 1/9] dt-bindings: spi: Add STM32 OSPI controller
` [PATCH 3/9] dt-bindings: misc: Add STM32 Octo Memory Manager controller
` [PATCH 8/9] arm64: defconfig: Enable STM32 Octo Memory Manager driver

[PATCH 1/2] runqueue: add 'default' mc translation to mcdepends
 2025-01-24 15:59 UTC  (2+ messages)
` [bitbake-devel] "

[PATCHv7 RFC 0/3] Add visibility for native NVMe multipath using sysfs
 2025-01-24 15:57 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH 1/2] landlock: Minor typo and grammar fixes in IPC scoping documentation
 2025-01-24 15:59 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/2] landlock: Clarify "

[PATCH 1/1] cmd: sbi: add bhype SBI implementation
 2025-01-24 15:59 UTC 

[PATCH -v4 next 0/4] Some cleanup for memcg
 2025-01-24 15:59 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH -v4 next 4/4] memcg: add CONFIG_MEMCG_V1 for 'local' functions

[PATCH RFC rcu] Fix get_state_synchronize_rcu_full() GP-start detection
 2025-01-24 15:58 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH RFC v2 "

[PATCH] ASoC: renesas: SND_SIU_MIGOR should depend on DMADEVICES
 2025-01-24 15:58 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH 0/5] KVM: selftests: Fix PMC checks in PMU counters test
 2025-01-24 15:57 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/5] KVM: selftests: Only validate counts for hardware-supported arch events

[OE-core][styhead 0/6] Patch review
 2025-01-24 15:56 UTC  (7+ messages)
` [OE-core][styhead 1/6] socat: patch CVE-2024-54661
` [OE-core][styhead 2/6] classes/nativesdk: also override TUNE_PKGARCH
` [OE-core][styhead 3/6] classes/qemu: use tune to select QEMU_EXTRAOPTIONS, not package architecture
` [OE-core][styhead 4/6] linux: Modify kernel configuration to fix runqlat issue
` [OE-core][styhead 5/6] rust-target-config: Fix TARGET_C_INT_WIDTH with correct size
` [OE-core][styhead 6/6] boost: fix do_fetch error

[PATCH] cpu/hotplug: disallow writing any state in atomic AP section to sysfs target
 2025-01-24 15:33 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH v2 0/8] Add support to load QUP SE firmware from
 2025-01-24 15:55 UTC  (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 6/8] i2c: qcom-geni: Load i2c qup Firmware from linux side

[PATCH] mm: memcontrol: move memsw charge callbacks to v1
 2025-01-24 15:54 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH v3] Weighted interleave auto-tuning
 2025-01-24 15:53 UTC  (4+ messages)

[lustre-devel] [LSF/MM/BPF TOPIC] [DRAFT] Lustre client upstreaming
 2025-01-24 15:53 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH RFC v3 0/3] cxl: Multi-headed Single Logical Device (MHSLD)
 2025-01-24 15:50 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH RFC v3 3/3] mhsld: implement MHSLD device

[PATCH RFC net-next] trace: tcp: Add tracepoint for tcp_cwnd_reduction()
 2025-01-24 15:50 UTC  (10+ messages)

[PATCH v4 0/4] mount notification
 2025-01-24 15:49 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 4/4] vfs: add notifications for mount attribute change

[PATCH 1/4] rcutorture: Allow a negative value for nfakewriters
 2025-01-24 15:49 UTC  (9+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/4] torture: Remove CONFIG_NR_CPUS configuration
` [PATCH 4/4] rcu: Use _full() API to debug synchronize_rcu()

[PATCH] config.txt: add trailer.* variables
 2025-01-24 15:48 UTC  (3+ messages)

[GIT PULL] pmdomain/cpuidle-psci updates for v6.14
 2025-01-24 15:47 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH v2] reftable: write correct max_update_index to header
 2025-01-24 15:48 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v3] refs: fix uninitialized memory access of `max_index`

[PATCH v4 00/12] platform/mellanox: Add support for new systems, amendments, relocate mlx-platform module
 2025-01-24 15:48 UTC  (6+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 06/12] platform/mellanox: Rename field to improve code readability

[GIT PULL] pin control changes for v6.14
 2025-01-24 15:48 UTC  (2+ messages)

[GIT PULL] platform-drivers-x86 for v6.14-1
 2025-01-24 15:48 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH v3 0/4] Allow to enable multifd and postcopy migration together
 2025-01-24 15:38 UTC  (8+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 4/4] tests/qtest/migration: add postcopy test with multifd

[PATCH v2 0/5] pack-write: cleanup usage of global variables
 2025-01-24 15:47 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 "

[git pull] IOMMU Updates for Linux v6.14
 2025-01-24 15:47 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH v3 0/9] Add STM32MP25 PCIe drivers
 2025-01-24 15:42 UTC  (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 01/10] dt-bindings: PCI: Add STM32MP25 PCIe Root Complex bindings

[PATCH 1/3] linux-firmware: split ath10k firmwares in separate packages
 2025-01-24 15:44 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH v2] io_uring/futex: Factor out common free logic into io_free_ifd()
 2025-01-24 15:43 UTC 

[PATCH v2] misc: pci_endpoint_test: Handle BAR sizes larger than INT_MAX
 2025-01-24 15:43 UTC  (2+ messages)

[OE-core] [PATCH] grub-efi: add extra parameters to grub-mkimage
 2025-01-24 15:42 UTC 

[TEST FAILURE] bpf: s390: missed/kprobe_recursion
 2025-01-24 15:41 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH] mm/slab: simplify SLAB_* flag handling
 2025-01-24 15:41 UTC  (4+ messages)

[PATCH v1 0/9] Use HWMON_CHANNEL_INFO macro to simplify code
 2025-01-24 15:41 UTC  (3+ messages)

[PATCH 0/2] Add support for LT3074 low voltage linear regulator
 2025-01-24 15:39 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH 1/2] dt-bindings: trivial-devices: add lt3074
` [PATCH 2/2] hwmon: (pmbus/lt3074): add support for lt3074

[bug report] KVM: x86: Unify TSC logic (sleeping in atomic?)
 2025-01-24 15:36 UTC  (4+ messages)

[PATCH] nvmet: fix a memory leak in controller identify
 2025-01-24 15:35 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH -next] arm32/boot/compressed: Force hidden visibility for all symbol references
 2025-01-24 15:32 UTC  (4+ messages)

[PATCH 00/14] DC Patches JANUARY 20, 2025
 2025-01-24 15:26 UTC  (3+ messages)
` [PATCH 14/14] drm/amd/display: 3.2.318

[PATCH] classes: add rootfs-footprint
 2025-01-24 15:31 UTC 

[PATCH] drm/amdgpu/gfx10: Enable cleaner shader for GFX10.1.1/10.1.2 GPUs
 2025-01-24 15:25 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH] wifi: ath12k: fbx: fix ath12k_hal_tx_cmd_ext_desc_setup() info1 override
 2025-01-24 15:31 UTC  (2+ messages)

[PATCH v11 0/5] Introduce DRM device wedged event
 2025-01-24 15:28 UTC  (2+ messages)
` ✗ Xe.CI.Full: failure for Introduce DRM device wedged event (rev9)


This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.