messages from 2025-05-18 15:07:29 to 2025-05-18 20:04:37 UTC [more...]
[RFC 0/2] landlock: Multithreaded policy enforcement
2025-05-18 19:57 UTC (9+ messages)
` [RFC 1/2] landlock: Multithreading support for landlock_restrict_self()
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/htop: bump to version 3.4.1
2025-05-18 20:04 UTC
[PATCH 0/3] x86: Don't support kernel-mode FPU with hardirqs disabled
2025-05-18 20:01 UTC (7+ messages)
` [PATCH 3/3] x86/fpu: Don't support kernel-mode FPU when irqs_disabled()
Why TLS and Kerberos are not useful for NFS security Re: [PATCH nfs-utils] exportfs: make "insecure" the default for all exports
2025-05-18 20:00 UTC (3+ messages)
[krzk-github:pending/dt-bindings-qcom-new-and-fixes-for-warnings-linux-next 3131/4329] arch/arm64/boot/dts/mediatek/mt8370-genio-510-evk.dtb: pmic (mediatek,mt6359): '#sound-dai-cells', 'mt6359codec', 'mt6359rtc' do not match any of the regexes: '^pinctrl-[0-9]+$'
2025-05-18 19:58 UTC
[PATCH net-next v2] Replace strncpy with strscpy
2025-05-18 19:53 UTC (2+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 net-next: rds] replace strncpy with strscpy_pad
[oe-core][walnascar][PATCH 1/2] perlcross: update 1.6 -> 1.6.2
2025-05-18 19:51 UTC (2+ messages)
` [oe-core][walnascar][PATCH 2/2] perl: update 5.40.0 -> 5.40.2
[Buildroot] [PATCH] package/nodejs: security bump to version 22.15.1
2025-05-18 19:52 UTC (2+ messages)
[Buildroot] [git commit] package/nodejs: security bump to version 22.15.1
2025-05-18 19:49 UTC
[RFC PATCH 2/2] include/efi/efi: Add the prototype
2025-05-18 19:48 UTC
[PATCH 1/2] include/efi/api: Complete UEFI status codes
2025-05-18 19:46 UTC
[RFC PATCH 0/2] kern/efi: Make centralized UEFI error message printer
2025-05-18 19:44 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/grep: bump version to 3.12
2025-05-18 19:45 UTC
[PATCH 00/12] drm/i915/flipq: Rough flip queue implementation
2025-05-18 19:41 UTC (5+ messages)
` [PATCH 05/12] drm/i915/dsb: Provide intel_dsb_head() and intel_dsb_size()
` [PATCH 06/12] drm/i915/dmc: Define flip queue related PIPEDMC registers
[PATCH] x86/fpu: Fix irq_fpu_usable() to return false during CPU onlining
2025-05-18 19:32 UTC
[PATCH net-next v2] net: let lockdep compare instance locks
2025-05-18 19:32 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH v3 00/10] New DRM accel driver for Rockchip's RKNN NPU
2025-05-18 19:29 UTC (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 01/10] dt-bindings: npu: rockchip,rknn: Add bindings
[morimoto:sound-cleanup-2025-05-07-2 110/112] sound/soc/codecs/cs48l32.c:350:49: error: invalid use of undefined type 'struct snd_soc_dapm_context'
2025-05-18 19:30 UTC
[PATCH] bvi: add new package
2025-05-18 19:28 UTC (2+ messages)
` [meta-oe][PATCH] "
[PATCH 0/3] media: qcom: camss: Add qcs615 support
2025-05-18 19:29 UTC (4+ messages)
` [PATCH 1/3] dt-bindings: media: Add qcom,qcs615-camss binding
[morimoto:sound-cleanup-2025-05-07 107/111] sound/soc/codecs/rt9123.c:111:42: error: implicit declaration of function 'snd_soc_kcontrol_component'; did you mean 'snd_soc_lookup_component'?
2025-05-18 19:26 UTC
[tip:master] BUILD SUCCESS 0a07e59b3b29f97a746e0960869234009042e697
2025-05-18 19:25 UTC
[tip:x86/core] BUILD SUCCESS 54c2c688cd9305bdbab4883b9da6ff63f4deca5d
2025-05-18 19:24 UTC
[PATCH V3 00/16] perf: Fix the throttle logic for group
2025-05-18 19:18 UTC (3+ messages)
` [PATCH V3 02/16] perf: Fix the throttle logic for a group
[PATCH] bvi: add new package
2025-05-18 19:17 UTC
[PATCH V2 0/2] ublk: fix race between io_uring_cmd_complete_in_task and ublk_cancel_cmd
2025-05-18 19:12 UTC (4+ messages)
` [PATCH V2 2/2] "
[PATCH] ARM: integrator: Fix early initialization
2025-05-18 19:09 UTC (3+ messages)
WARNING: modpost: "saved_config" [vmlinux] is COMMON symbol
2025-05-18 19:10 UTC
[PATCH v2 0/5] perf test trace: Reduce test failures and make error messages verbose
2025-05-18 19:09 UTC (6+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 1/5] perf test trace: Use shell's -f flag to check if vmlinux exists
` [PATCH v2 2/5] perf test trace: Remove set -e and print trace test's error messages
` [PATCH v2 3/5] perf test trace: Stop tracing hrtimer_setup event in trace enum test
` [PATCH v2 4/5] perf test trace: Remove set -e for BTF general tests
` [PATCH v2 5/5] perf test trace BTF: Use --sort-events in "
[Buildroot] [git commit] package/webkitgtk: security bump to version 2.48.2
2025-05-18 19:09 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH] package/webkitgtk: security bump to version 2.48.2
2025-05-18 19:09 UTC (3+ messages)
[morimoto:sound-cleanup-2025-05-07-2 107/112] sound/soc/codecs/cs48l32.c:323:47: error: implicit declaration of function 'snd_soc_dapm_kcontrol_component'; did you mean 'snd_soc_dapm_kcontrol_to_component'?
2025-05-18 18:57 UTC
[PATCH v2 0/5] genirq/msi: Fix device MSI prepare/alloc sequencing
2025-05-18 18:53 UTC (3+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 5/5] irqchip/gic-v3-its: Use allocation size from the prepare call
[PATCH 1/2] ACPI: platform_profile: Add support for non-ACPI platforms
2025-05-18 18:51 UTC (2+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/2] ACPI: bus: Bail out if acpi_kobj registration fails
[PATCH bpf-next v1] bpf, sockmap: Fix concurrency issues between memory charge and uncharge
2025-05-18 18:48 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH] docs: admin-guide: fix typos in reporting-issues.rst
2025-05-18 18:44 UTC (3+ messages)
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/5] package/iftop: fix build with gcc-15.x
2025-05-18 18:43 UTC (6+ messages)
` [Buildroot] [PATCH 2/5] package/mjpegtools: "
` [Buildroot] [PATCH 3/5] package/mrouted: "
` [Buildroot] [PATCH 4/5] package/ngrep: "
` [Buildroot] [PATCH 5/5] package/pppd: "
CONFIG_XXX vs CONFIG_HAVE_XXX ?
2025-05-18 18:37 UTC (3+ messages)
` संदर्भ: "
` unsubscribe
[PATCH v2 00/22] x86: Trenchboot Secure Launch DRTM (Xen)
2025-05-18 18:35 UTC (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 01/22] x86/include/asm/intel-txt.h: constants and accessors for TXT registers and heap
[PATCH 1/2] scsi: target: core: Constify enabled() in struct target_opcode_descriptor
2025-05-18 18:26 UTC (2+ messages)
` [PATCH 2/2] scsi: target: core: Constify "
[morimoto:sound-cleanup-2025-05-07-2 106/112] sound/soc/codecs/cs48l32.c:708:45: error: implicit declaration of function 'snd_soc_component_get_dapm'; did you mean 'snd_soc_component_to_dapm'?
2025-05-18 18:25 UTC
[PATCH ath-next v2 0/5] wifi: ath12k: Enable IPQ5424 AHB WiFi device
2025-05-18 18:22 UTC (6+ messages)
` [PATCH ath-next v2 1/5] dt-bindings: net: wireless: add ath12k wifi device IPQ5424
` [PATCH ath-next v2 2/5] wifi: ath12k: Add ath12k_hw_params for IPQ5424
` [PATCH ath-next v2 3/5] wifi: ath12k: add ath12k_hw_regs "
` [PATCH ath-next v2 4/5] wifi: ath12k: Add CE remap hardware parameters "
` [PATCH ath-next v2 5/5] wifi: ath12k: Enable IPQ5424 WiFi device support
IBS perf test failures on 9950x3d
2025-05-18 18:22 UTC (3+ messages)
[PATCH v1 0/5] perf test trace: Reduce test failures and make error messages verbose
2025-05-18 18:18 UTC (10+ messages)
` [PATCH v1 2/5] perf test trace: Remove set -e and print trace test's error messages
` [PATCH v1 4/5] perf test trace: Remove set -e for BTF general tests
` [PATCH v1 5/5] perf test trace BTF: Use --sort-events in "
[RFC PATCH BlueZ v2 01/11] org.bluez.MediaEndpoint: removing BAP streams with ClearConfiguration
2025-05-18 18:08 UTC (4+ messages)
` [RFC PATCH BlueZ v2 04/11] shared/bap: fix ucast client ASE usage
IIO: Catching up after travel
2025-05-18 18:12 UTC
[android-common:android16-6.12-2025-05-exp 0/1] drivers/android/binder.c:7335:5: warning: no previous prototype for 'on_binderfs_mount'
2025-05-18 18:11 UTC
[PULL] IIO: New device support, features and cleanup for 6.16
2025-05-18 18:09 UTC (2+ messages)
[xiang-erofs:dev-test 5/5] fs/erofs/super.c:659:22: error: no member named 'off' in 'struct erofs_device_info'
2025-05-18 18:06 UTC
[PATCH net-next v15 1/1] hinic3: module initialization and tx/rx logic
2025-05-18 18:06 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH] perf trace: always print return value for syscalls with set errpid
2025-05-18 18:02 UTC (2+ messages)
[PULL] IIO: Fixes for 6.15 set 2 (or merge window given timing)
2025-05-18 17:57 UTC
[PATCH] roms: re-remove execute bit from hppa-firmware*
2025-05-18 17:54 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/llvm-project: fix build with gcc 15
2025-05-18 17:52 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH] padata: do not leak refcount in reorder_work
2025-05-18 17:45 UTC
[PATCH] HID: lenovo: Unbreak USB/BT keyboards on non-ACPI platforms
2025-05-18 17:46 UTC (6+ messages)
[PATCH v3] perf pmu intel: Adjust cpumaks for sub-NUMA clusters on graniterapids
2025-05-18 17:45 UTC (5+ messages)
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/gkrellm: bump version to 2.4.0
2025-05-18 17:45 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/2] package/alsa-lib: bump version to 1.2.14
2025-05-18 17:44 UTC (2+ messages)
` [Buildroot] [PATCH 2/2] package/alsa-utils: "
[oe-core][PATCH 1/2] mesa: update 25.0.5 -> 25.1.0
2025-05-18 17:41 UTC (3+ messages)
` [oe-core][PATCH 2/2] mesa: add support for asahi drivers
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/dav1d: bump version to 1.5.1
2025-05-18 17:41 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/libpng: bump version to 1.6.48
2025-05-18 17:41 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/libheif: security bump version to 1.19.8
2025-05-18 17:40 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/linux-firmware: bump version to 20250509
2025-05-18 17:40 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/libde265: bump version to 1.0.16
2025-05-18 17:39 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/privoxy: bump version to 4.0.0
2025-05-18 17:39 UTC
[PATCH 0/3] Add driver for Nicera D3-323-AA PIR sensor
2025-05-18 17:38 UTC (5+ messages)
` [PATCH 3/3] iio: "
[powerpc:merge] BUILD SUCCESS a9d887695c86d44fd23f612549cb8dc78a3a0f22
2025-05-18 17:37 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/sudo: bump version to 1.9.16p2
2025-05-18 17:37 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/usb_modeswitch: bump version to 2.6.2
2025-05-18 17:36 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] package/oniguruma: bump version to 6.9.10
2025-05-18 17:35 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH] package/spdlog: bump version to 1.15.3
2025-05-18 17:33 UTC (2+ messages)
[Buildroot] [git commit] package/spdlog: bump version to 1.15.3
2025-05-18 17:33 UTC
[meta-python][PATCH 1/4] python3-pandas: Upgrade to 2.2.3
2025-05-18 17:33 UTC (4+ messages)
` [meta-python][PATCH 2/4] python3-kivy: Fix build with cython 3.1
` [meta-python][PATCH 3/4] python3-dbus-fast: "
` [meta-python][PATCH 4/4] python3-propcache: "
[PATCH] Added support for Digilent Cora Z7 board
2025-05-18 17:31 UTC (3+ messages)
[PATCH v1 RESEND] iio: adc: ti-ads131e08: Add iio_device_claim_direct() to protect buffered captures
2025-05-18 17:27 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH v4 0/4] Make MIGRATE_ISOLATE a standalone bit
2025-05-18 17:24 UTC (4+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 4/4] mm/page_isolation: remove migratetype parameter from more functions
[PATCH v6 00/10] Add support for AD4080 ADC
2025-05-18 17:23 UTC (10+ messages)
` [PATCH v6 02/10] iio: backend: add support for data alignment
` [PATCH v6 06/10] iio: adc: adi-axi-adc: add data align process
` [PATCH v6 09/10] iio: adc: ad4080: add driver support
` [PATCH v6 10/10] Documetation: ABI: add sinc1 and sinc5+pf1 filter
crypto/rsa-pkcs1pad.o: warning: objtool: sg_set_buf+0x74: unreachable instruction
2025-05-18 17:15 UTC
Expiring flows in an XDP based router
2025-05-18 17:11 UTC (3+ messages)
[PATCH V3 0/6] ublk: support to register bvec buffer automatically
2025-05-18 17:10 UTC (5+ messages)
` [PATCH V3 4/6] ublk: register buffer to local io_uring with provided buf index via UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG
Barebox for Zedboard
2025-05-18 17:06 UTC (6+ messages)
` AW: "
[PATCH v8 00/11] iio: adc: ad7768-1: Add features, improvements, and fixes
2025-05-18 17:03 UTC (6+ messages)
` [PATCH v8 08/11] iio: adc: ad7768-1: add support for Synchronization over SPI
` [PATCH v8 10/11] iio: adc: ad7768-1: add filter type and oversampling ratio attributes
[krzk-github:pending/dt-bindings-qcom-new-and-fixes-for-warnings-linux-next 1474/4329] arch/arm64/boot/dts/airoha/en7581.dtsi:146.37-151.5: Warning (simple_bus_reg): /soc/clock-controller@1fa20000: simple-bus unit address format error, expected "1fb00000"
2025-05-18 17:02 UTC
[PATCH 00/27] vfio-user client
2025-05-18 17:00 UTC (4+ messages)
` [PATCH 02/27] vfio/container: pass MemoryRegion to DMA operations
[PATCH v11 0/8] drm: sun4i: add Display Engine 3.3 (DE33) support
2025-05-18 16:53 UTC (16+ messages)
` [PATCH v11 1/8] drm: sun4i: de2/de3: add mixer version enum
` [PATCH v11 2/8] drm: sun4i: de2/de3: refactor mixer initialisation
` [PATCH v11 3/8] drm: sun4i: de2/de3: add generic blender register reference function
` [PATCH v11 4/8] drm: sun4i: de2/de3: use generic register reference function for layer configuration
` [PATCH v11 6/8] drm: sun4i: de33: mixer: add Display Engine 3.3 (DE33) support
` [PATCH v11 7/8] drm: sun4i: de33: vi_scaler: "
` [PATCH v11 8/8] drm: sun4i: de33: mixer: add mixer configuration for the H616
POSIX.1-2024 requires 64-bit time_t
2025-05-18 16:54 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH] ext4: replace strcpy() with strscpy() in ext4_init_dot_dotdot()
2025-05-18 16:48 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCHv4 1/1] package/heimdal: upgrade package and add target support
2025-05-18 16:47 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH] wifi: Check if socket flags are valid
2025-05-18 16:45 UTC
[Buildroot] [git commit] package/heimdal: bump version to 8c3c97bdf6c06200418f1a85aa22beaa441c6b23
2025-05-18 16:45 UTC
[Buildroot] [git commit] package/samba4: needs libxcrypt
2025-05-18 16:45 UTC
[Buildroot] [git commit] package/heimdal: drop INSTALL_STAGING = YES
2025-05-18 16:45 UTC
[PATCH v3 0/4] Add support for AD7405/ADUM770x
2025-05-18 16:44 UTC (8+ messages)
` [PATCH v3 1/4] iio: backend: update iio_backend_oversampling_ratio_set
` [PATCH v3 3/4] dt-bindings: iio: adc: add ad7405
` [PATCH v3 4/4] iio: adc: ad7405: add ad7405 driver
[Buildroot] [git commit] docs/manual/customize-directory-structure.adoc: suggest a custom top Makefile
2025-05-18 16:20 UTC
[Buildroot] [RFC PATCH] docs/manual/customize-directory-structure: add a custom top Makefile
2025-05-18 16:34 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH wireless-next v8 00/10] wifi: cfg80211/mac80211: add support to handle per link statistics of multi-link station
2025-05-18 16:34 UTC (4+ messages)
` [PATCH wireless-next v8 07/10] wifi: cfg80211: reset sinfo->filled for MLO station statistics
[rfc] drm/ttm/memcg: simplest initial memcg/ttm integration (v2)
2025-05-18 16:28 UTC (13+ messages)
[PATCH v2] virtio-gpu: support context init multiple timeline
2025-05-18 16:25 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH net] hv_netvsc: fix potential deadlock in netvsc_vf_setxdp()
2025-05-18 16:23 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH] x86/mm: resize user_pcid_flush_mask for PTI / broadcast TLB flush combination
2025-05-18 16:22 UTC (5+ messages)
` [PATCH v2] "
[Buildroot] [PATCH 0/1] package/mesa3d: bump version to 25.1.0
2025-05-18 16:17 UTC (3+ messages)
` [Buildroot] [PATCH 1/1] "
[PATCH for-next v2] RDMA/efa: Add CQ with external memory support
2025-05-18 16:09 UTC
[meta-oe][PATCH] influxdb,etcd: Skip from building
2025-05-18 16:09 UTC
[meta-xfce][PATCH v2] xfce4-weather-plugin: Upgrade to 0.11.3
2025-05-18 16:09 UTC
[PATCH] iio: irsd200: Remove print of error code from dev_err_probe
2025-05-18 16:07 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH 0/2] KHO Fixes
2025-05-18 16:07 UTC (5+ messages)
` [PATCH 1/2] memblock: show a warning if allocation in KHO scratch fails
` [PATCH 2/2] KHO: init new_physxa->phys_bits to fix lockdep
[PATCH v2 7/9] input: pf1550: add onkey support
2025-05-18 16:03 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH v2] ARM: Align image end to 8 bytes to fit DT alignment
2025-05-18 16:02 UTC
[PATCH] ARM: Align image end to 8 bytes to fit DT alignment
2025-05-18 16:00 UTC (5+ messages)
[PATCH 0/5] enhance "string_list" code and test
2025-05-18 15:58 UTC (10+ messages)
` [PATCH v2 0/8] "
` [PATCH v2 1/8] string-list: fix sign compare warnings for loop iterator
` [PATCH v2 2/8] string-list: remove unused "insert_at" parameter from add_entry
` [PATCH v2 3/8] string-list: return index directly when inserting an existing element
` [PATCH v2 4/8] string-list: enable sign compare warnings check
` [PATCH v2 5/8] u-string-list: move "test_split" into "u-string-list.c"
` [PATCH v2 6/8] u-string-list: move "test_split_in_place" to "u-string-list.c"
` [PATCH v2 7/8] u-string-list: move "filter string" test "
` [PATCH v2 8/8] u-string-list: move "remove duplicates" "
[anolis-intel-cloud:devel-5.10 11/11] drivers/crypto/ccp/psp-dev.c:24:10: warning: no previous prototype for function 'atomic64_exchange'
2025-05-18 15:53 UTC
[PATCH v3 0/4] Introducing Hornet LSM
2025-05-18 15:52 UTC (13+ messages)
[Buildroot] [PATCH] package/go: go-bin host-go provider implies target support
2025-05-18 15:43 UTC (5+ messages)
` [Buildroot] [PATCH v2] "
` [Buildroot] [PATCH v3] "
[PATCH v2 next 2/4] lib: mul_u64_u64_div_u64() Use BUG_ON() for divide by zero
2025-05-18 15:42 UTC (2+ messages)
[koverstreet-bcachefs:bcachefs-testing 238/238] fs/bcachefs/io_write.c:491 bch2_submit_wbio_replicas() error: uninitialized symbol 'last'
2025-05-18 15:42 UTC
[Buildroot] [PATCH v2 00/18] Layerscape uprev to lf-6.12.3-1.0.0, initial LX2160A-RDB support
2025-05-18 15:41 UTC (5+ messages)
` [Buildroot] [PATCH v2 18/18] board/lx2160ardb: new platform
[PATCH bpf-next v2 1/2] bpf: Warn with new bpf_unreachable() kfunc maybe due to uninitialized var
2025-05-18 15:41 UTC (6+ messages)
BUG kernel 6.12.19 defautl_swiotlb_limit() returns wrong value for CONFIG_SWIOTLB_DYNAMIC=y effects atm only under XEN dom0
2025-05-18 15:37 UTC (2+ messages)
[PATCH v2 0/5] leds: KUnit registration tests pertaining to init_data
2025-05-18 15:32 UTC (2+ messages)
[abelvesa:clk/imx 5/11] arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/imx8mm-beacon-kit.dtb: clock-controller@30360000 (fsl,imx8mm-anatop): 'clocks' is a required property
2025-05-18 15:32 UTC
Pull request efi-2025-07-rc3-2
2025-05-18 15:31 UTC (2+ messages)
[Buildroot] [git commit] CHANGES: Update for 2025.02.2
2025-05-18 15:29 UTC
What performance is reasonable for ibv_reg_mr?
2025-05-18 15:28 UTC (2+ messages)
[RFC net-next 00/15] Add support for Silicon Labs CPC
2025-05-18 15:23 UTC (10+ messages)
[PATCH v4 00/23] iommufd: Add vIOMMU infrastructure (Part-4 HW QUEUE)
2025-05-18 15:19 UTC (9+ messages)
` [PATCH v4 11/23] iommufd/viommu: Add IOMMUFD_CMD_HW_QUEUE_ALLOC ioctl
[Buildroot] [git commit] docs/website/{download, news}.html: update for 2025.02.2
2025-05-18 15:20 UTC
[PATCH v9 07/17] KVM: guest_memfd: Allow host to map guest_memfd() pages
2025-05-18 15:17 UTC (4+ messages)
[PATCH RFC] leds: leds-lp50xx: Handle reg to get correct multi_index
2025-05-18 15:16 UTC (6+ messages)
Question About Sorting the Index
2025-05-18 15:13 UTC (5+ messages)
[PATCH v3] rust: regulator: add a bare minimum regulator abstraction
2025-05-18 15:11 UTC (3+ messages)
[Buildroot] [git commit] package/casync-nano: new package
2025-05-18 15:07 UTC
page: next (older) | prev (newer) | latest
- recent:[subjects (threaded)|topics (new)|topics (active)]
This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.