From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from kanga.kvack.org (kanga.kvack.org [205.233.56.17]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 123E5D11183 for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:49 +0000 (UTC) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) id 4331B6B0005; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 03:26:49 -0500 (EST) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 40) id 3E4746B000D; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 03:26:49 -0500 (EST) X-Delivered-To: int-list-linux-mm@kvack.org Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 63042) id 2D2D66B0010; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 03:26:49 -0500 (EST) X-Delivered-To: linux-mm@kvack.org Received: from relay.hostedemail.com (smtprelay0010.hostedemail.com [216.40.44.10]) by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 187E96B0005 for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 03:26:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from smtpin09.hostedemail.com (a10.router.float.18 [10.200.18.1]) by unirelay08.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9377C14097E for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:48 +0000 (UTC) X-FDA: 84155706096.09.B657DD0 Received: from sea.source.kernel.org (sea.source.kernel.org [172.234.252.31]) by imf17.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id BBB274000F for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:46 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: imf17.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b=WcmFwl3B; spf=pass (imf17.hostedemail.com: domain of chleroy@kernel.org designates 172.234.252.31 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=chleroy@kernel.org; dmarc=pass (policy=quarantine) header.from=kernel.org ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=hostedemail.com; s=arc-20220608; t=1764232006; h=from:from:sender:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date: message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version: content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references:dkim-signature; bh=6a4TlV6aY36ltVUhIhukCUkbYrk9qvlQSVSRFBITCa0=; b=JDpifVj76hLkoZKcxWKKqc/7wJwH8IAYyvTeDCrjhWh0opUCpJQ8t5OFXGl0aOSa1ktBwG b+eH/PZtOJJCwuUSfTyn33qW5WWiGGeyRcSfAluRVYngxzbPvNoyWkZLP7troxwIEYa+Fz VFk+gLxxmlf3U/psfzBFvqq9ohArDXQ= ARC-Seal: i=1; s=arc-20220608; d=hostedemail.com; t=1764232006; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=oiAc+RmZ84Ja1Rd6nrdeC1bhgQCAnTgjwXTSMhV6vnfAsRmiQr5GbnFOTboxRZAmD5cGmZ 6Hkyx9iIn0bETXHnMjmyJ3L9j9B/OH9Jd2l1eGlfn8/6Lpl1tQfpmUnQbOYWmHbs24dw0P qtrPl9AV5NOqAPPtl+AOLwvjIeogm8Y= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; imf17.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b=WcmFwl3B; spf=pass (imf17.hostedemail.com: domain of chleroy@kernel.org designates 172.234.252.31 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=chleroy@kernel.org; dmarc=pass (policy=quarantine) header.from=kernel.org Received: from smtp.kernel.org (transwarp.subspace.kernel.org [100.75.92.58]) by sea.source.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 86C9E423E4; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:45 +0000 (UTC) Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 336B6C4CEF8; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:41 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=kernel.org; s=k20201202; t=1764232005; bh=bcPfE1QJFfuPJbcIojv7Nn8Gaq58C6i7WGhcnOmsWd4=; h=Date:Subject:To:Cc:References:From:In-Reply-To:From; b=WcmFwl3BFSTa59/qQB3P8sjeCiQkh28Bx5X8iBQfaUe9YSkO9nM6cU7737TjnKOAp JJkTOlBk92QSIZ2v8m6Y6XbVK9HWVET1oCn6iBF1FjQogwNkbb80I07YujudKOOV/w jrIBVQvi9EmOYcwjbuxYPeKj4FIh8G+4H+CR5PI3EtQcfNOF6BBZM98kJDPYxtAGma 9DJFGkFyQVPcFXE1Z/hTrfVM345+WrNeKTmw1VLoc3DWXOvGUwLitd1sX0X02raP8b M5NVBmYkjvj75YhwFp8eFNQl9M+E9BJCXFBZubd8BB0leNXs9KcXf5d4SR52xj4DCC +M1Pg28PbX3VQ== Message-ID: Date: Thu, 27 Nov 2025 09:26:39 +0100 MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 06/22] mm: Always use page table accessor functions To: Ryan Roberts , Wei Yang Cc: "David Hildenbrand (Red Hat)" , Lorenzo Stoakes , Samuel Holland , Palmer Dabbelt , Paul Walmsley , linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org, Andrew Morton , linux-mm@kvack.org, devicetree@vger.kernel.org, Suren Baghdasaryan , linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Mike Rapoport , Michal Hocko , Conor Dooley , Krzysztof Kozlowski , Alexandre Ghiti , Emil Renner Berthing , Rob Herring , Vlastimil Babka , "Liam R . Howlett" , Julia Lawall , Nicolas Palix , Anshuman Khandual References: <20251113014656.2605447-1-samuel.holland@sifive.com> <20251113014656.2605447-7-samuel.holland@sifive.com> <02e3b3bd-ae6a-4db4-b4a1-8cbc1bc0a1c8@arm.com> <6bdf2b89-7768-4b90-b5e7-ff174196ea7b@lucifer.local> <71123d7a-641b-41df-b959-88e6c2a3a441@kernel.org> <20251126134726.yrya5xxayfcde3kl@master> From: "Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP)" Content-Language: fr-FR In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Server: rspam12 X-Rspam-User: X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: BBB274000F X-Stat-Signature: f64m7w5t9ufrdmjzep1dzcok95ipai34 X-HE-Tag: 1764232006-281143 X-HE-Meta: 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 3gTFteK1 fc28Hc/12x21upT3bSEPiIhprjEwHbWROzJhuVh7JtiVqkYKZZkOQuFLRYRvMElX8pe/luKC+r77uESDGulKepZyJByiKiMLcFZBqU0xDo2YSVC4W+U9N+/TkI7MuudH3j1K6wyh1/B/Sf7AmM3ix8pcMjRmdx0QiEUa9p1uiGPIRRJgQex9Cv5yvppdPJnhkeroJzKmEQ/C5aQJf7h7MlGMkd6S6ZBTplEWQptR6V899OpcFenTBg/yv+UC6IFXzq/GEvRh7KV4pGFscFdOMi+kqTYz12vYZzfMcHM41clcgLZ40fhauVBfewiYJIHQVFKrU6S2Gj92jiYAypqH6oxkvBMpjov+XpGa14/jgA8oOwx8ZgoBXOSscOWK4syN62fxS3/1c29U4waC6ivIrjsBudbvy9WyZn1en4xmDWUwdcxEUcIcOXkhkrVRf3C9BhV8c+OFTP8AYzgm6G+a7sknY48dt1kuXV1EGrExVXYuf1Iw= X-Bogosity: Ham, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.000000, version=1.2.4 Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Le 26/11/2025 à 15:22, Ryan Roberts a écrit : > On 26/11/2025 13:47, Wei Yang wrote: >> On Wed, Nov 26, 2025 at 01:03:42PM +0000, Ryan Roberts wrote: >>> On 26/11/2025 12:35, David Hildenbrand (Red Hat) wrote: >> [...] >>>>>>>> Hi, >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> I've just come across this patch and wanted to mention that we could also >>>>>>>> benefit from this improved absraction for some features we are looking at for >>>>>>>> arm64. As you mention, Anshuman had a go but hit some roadblocks. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> The main issue is that the compiler was unable to optimize away the >>>>>>>> READ_ONCE()s >>>>>>>> for the case where certain levels of the pgtable are folded. But it can >>>>>>>> optimize >>>>>>>> the plain C dereferences. There were complaints the the generated code for arm >>>>>>>> (32) and powerpc was significantly impacted due to having many more >>>>>>>> (redundant) >>>>>>>> loads. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> We do have mm_pmd_folded()/p4d_folded() etc, could that help to sort >>>>>>> this out internally? >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> Just stumbled over the reply from Christope: >>>>>> >>>>>> https://eur01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flkml.kernel.org%2Fr%2F0019d675-ce3d-4a5c-89ed-f126c45145c9%40kernel.org&data=05%7C02%7Cchristophe.leroy%40csgroup.eu%7C22d0a028b1ec4a8b678108de2cf73769%7C8b87af7d86474dc78df45f69a2011bb5%7C0%7C0%7C638997637481119954%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=ocR6usVgRHfue0MrtbQnDO8whINvy%2FDMAfNE3caiY8c%3D&reserved=0 >>>>>> >>>>>> And wonder if we could handle that somehow directly in the pgdp_get() etc. >>> >>> I certainly don't like the suggestion of doing the is_folded() test outside the >>> helper, but if we can push that logic down into pXdp_get() that would be pretty >>> neat. Anshuman and I did briefly play with the idea of doing a C dereference if >>> the level is folded and a READ_ONCE() otherwise, all inside each pXdp_get() >>> helper. Although we never proved it to be correct. I struggle with the model for >>> folding. Do you want to optimize out all-but-the-highest level's access or >>> all-but-the-lowest level's access? Makes my head hurt... >>> >>> >> >> You mean sth like: >> >> static inline pmd_t pmdp_get(pmd_t *pmdp) >> { >> #ifdef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED >> return *pmdp; >> #else >> return READ_ONCE(*pmdp); >> #endif >> } > > Yes. But I'm not convinced it's correct. > > I *think* (but please correct me if I'm wrong) if the PMD is folded, the PUD and > P4D must also be folded, and you effectively have a 2 level pgtable consisting > of the PGD table and the PTE table. p4dp_get(), pudp_get() and pmdp_get() are > all effectively duplicating the load of the pgd entry? So assuming pgdp_get() > was already called and used READ_ONCE(), you might hope the compiler will just > drop the other loads and just use the value returned by READ_ONCE(). But I doubt > there is any guarantee of that and you might be in a situation where pgdp_get() > never even got called (perhaps you already have the pmd pointer). I think you can't assume pgdp_get() was already called, because some parts of code will directly descend to PMD level using pmd_off() or pmd_off_k() static inline pmd_t *pmd_off(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long va) { return pmd_offset(pud_offset(p4d_offset(pgd_offset(mm, va), va), va), va); } static inline pmd_t *pmd_off_k(unsigned long va) { return pmd_offset(pud_offset(p4d_offset(pgd_offset_k(va), va), va), va); } Christophe From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from bombadil.infradead.org (bombadil.infradead.org [198.137.202.133]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id F1002D11183 for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:27:00 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=lists.infradead.org; s=bombadil.20210309; h=Sender:Content-Type: Content-Transfer-Encoding:List-Subscribe:List-Help:List-Post:List-Archive: List-Unsubscribe:List-Id:In-Reply-To:From:References:Cc:To:Subject: MIME-Version:Date:Message-ID:Reply-To:Content-ID:Content-Description: Resent-Date:Resent-From:Resent-Sender:Resent-To:Resent-Cc:Resent-Message-ID: List-Owner; bh=lKbrXE/l1FDwoFdtIOVw7ijHDXTVElzR2byQmcAttWY=; b=2h31JfllEKAB3Y keJl/pHgvDIROCcUyJ1fHkjAs0Mkow1naS9ZgtoxhHkwpWKXj9HEWAFpjoyv/N4PmT9527SwUHQK6 Bf1WqUNy+sGBCOs0ZE/nb+rkJTwT4+S3oDgqlambcORCKDHCJBgAfOo8YzgnYjY6qdwD3KMaKvbGC jhWQrG9M0ZrH1oipGNOjdbGV/SMVqd8hoimxkW9VDTcXjEYjm0wIFVc4mV+50jr/q/S2om1gZePit p+WcKZ4C5g66/rlAiz+p2Lv1y5vaasxRtDfHF+GQrtQtJp7FzOUONx2KolDfU1RT2qrr9Zonh/FeW nYlJYQ6aL6u7NYlKPNGA==; Received: from localhost ([::1] helo=bombadil.infradead.org) by bombadil.infradead.org with esmtp (Exim 4.98.2 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1vOXKz-0000000GCZW-0eTv; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:49 +0000 Received: from sea.source.kernel.org ([2600:3c0a:e001:78e:0:1991:8:25]) by bombadil.infradead.org with esmtps (Exim 4.98.2 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1vOXKw-0000000GCYj-0nFB for linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:47 +0000 Received: from smtp.kernel.org (transwarp.subspace.kernel.org [100.75.92.58]) by sea.source.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 86C9E423E4; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:45 +0000 (UTC) Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 336B6C4CEF8; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 08:26:41 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=kernel.org; s=k20201202; t=1764232005; bh=bcPfE1QJFfuPJbcIojv7Nn8Gaq58C6i7WGhcnOmsWd4=; h=Date:Subject:To:Cc:References:From:In-Reply-To:From; b=WcmFwl3BFSTa59/qQB3P8sjeCiQkh28Bx5X8iBQfaUe9YSkO9nM6cU7737TjnKOAp JJkTOlBk92QSIZ2v8m6Y6XbVK9HWVET1oCn6iBF1FjQogwNkbb80I07YujudKOOV/w jrIBVQvi9EmOYcwjbuxYPeKj4FIh8G+4H+CR5PI3EtQcfNOF6BBZM98kJDPYxtAGma 9DJFGkFyQVPcFXE1Z/hTrfVM345+WrNeKTmw1VLoc3DWXOvGUwLitd1sX0X02raP8b M5NVBmYkjvj75YhwFp8eFNQl9M+E9BJCXFBZubd8BB0leNXs9KcXf5d4SR52xj4DCC +M1Pg28PbX3VQ== Message-ID: Date: Thu, 27 Nov 2025 09:26:39 +0100 MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 06/22] mm: Always use page table accessor functions To: Ryan Roberts , Wei Yang Cc: "David Hildenbrand (Red Hat)" , Lorenzo Stoakes , Samuel Holland , Palmer Dabbelt , Paul Walmsley , linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org, Andrew Morton , linux-mm@kvack.org, devicetree@vger.kernel.org, Suren Baghdasaryan , linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Mike Rapoport , Michal Hocko , Conor Dooley , Krzysztof Kozlowski , Alexandre Ghiti , Emil Renner Berthing , Rob Herring , Vlastimil Babka , "Liam R . Howlett" , Julia Lawall , Nicolas Palix , Anshuman Khandual References: <20251113014656.2605447-1-samuel.holland@sifive.com> <20251113014656.2605447-7-samuel.holland@sifive.com> <02e3b3bd-ae6a-4db4-b4a1-8cbc1bc0a1c8@arm.com> <6bdf2b89-7768-4b90-b5e7-ff174196ea7b@lucifer.local> <71123d7a-641b-41df-b959-88e6c2a3a441@kernel.org> <20251126134726.yrya5xxayfcde3kl@master> From: "Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP)" Content-Language: fr-FR In-Reply-To: X-CRM114-Version: 20100106-BlameMichelson ( TRE 0.8.0 (BSD) ) MR-646709E3 X-CRM114-CacheID: sfid-20251127_002646_307635_5F528D8B X-CRM114-Status: GOOD ( 18.79 ) X-BeenThere: linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.34 Precedence: list List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"; Format="flowed" Sender: "linux-riscv" Errors-To: linux-riscv-bounces+linux-riscv=archiver.kernel.org@lists.infradead.org CgpMZSAyNi8xMS8yMDI1IMOgIDE1OjIyLCBSeWFuIFJvYmVydHMgYSDDqWNyaXTCoDoKPiBPbiAy Ni8xMS8yMDI1IDEzOjQ3LCBXZWkgWWFuZyB3cm90ZToKPj4gT24gV2VkLCBOb3YgMjYsIDIwMjUg YXQgMDE6MDM6NDJQTSArMDAwMCwgUnlhbiBSb2JlcnRzIHdyb3RlOgo+Pj4gT24gMjYvMTEvMjAy NSAxMjozNSwgRGF2aWQgSGlsZGVuYnJhbmQgKFJlZCBIYXQpIHdyb3RlOgo+PiBbLi4uXQo+Pj4+ Pj4+PiBIaSwKPj4+Pj4+Pj4KPj4+Pj4+Pj4gSSd2ZSBqdXN0IGNvbWUgYWNyb3NzIHRoaXMgcGF0 Y2ggYW5kIHdhbnRlZCB0byBtZW50aW9uIHRoYXQgd2UgY291bGQgYWxzbwo+Pj4+Pj4+PiBiZW5l Zml0IGZyb20gdGhpcyBpbXByb3ZlZCBhYnNyYWN0aW9uIGZvciBzb21lIGZlYXR1cmVzIHdlIGFy ZSBsb29raW5nIGF0IGZvcgo+Pj4+Pj4+PiBhcm02NC4gQXMgeW91IG1lbnRpb24sIEFuc2h1bWFu IGhhZCBhIGdvIGJ1dCBoaXQgc29tZSByb2FkYmxvY2tzLgo+Pj4+Pj4+Pgo+Pj4+Pj4+PiBUaGUg bWFpbiBpc3N1ZSBpcyB0aGF0IHRoZSBjb21waWxlciB3YXMgdW5hYmxlIHRvIG9wdGltaXplIGF3 YXkgdGhlCj4+Pj4+Pj4+IFJFQURfT05DRSgpcwo+Pj4+Pj4+PiBmb3IgdGhlIGNhc2Ugd2hlcmUg Y2VydGFpbiBsZXZlbHMgb2YgdGhlIHBndGFibGUgYXJlIGZvbGRlZC4gQnV0IGl0IGNhbgo+Pj4+ Pj4+PiBvcHRpbWl6ZQo+Pj4+Pj4+PiB0aGUgcGxhaW4gQyBkZXJlZmVyZW5jZXMuIFRoZXJlIHdl cmUgY29tcGxhaW50cyB0aGUgdGhlIGdlbmVyYXRlZCBjb2RlIGZvciBhcm0KPj4+Pj4+Pj4gKDMy KSBhbmQgcG93ZXJwYyB3YXMgc2lnbmlmaWNhbnRseSBpbXBhY3RlZCBkdWUgdG8gaGF2aW5nIG1h bnkgbW9yZQo+Pj4+Pj4+PiAocmVkdW5kYW50KQo+Pj4+Pj4+PiBsb2Fkcy4KPj4+Pj4+Pj4KPj4+ Pj4+Pgo+Pj4+Pj4+IFdlIGRvIGhhdmUgbW1fcG1kX2ZvbGRlZCgpL3A0ZF9mb2xkZWQoKSBldGMs IGNvdWxkIHRoYXQgaGVscCB0byBzb3J0Cj4+Pj4+Pj4gdGhpcyBvdXQgaW50ZXJuYWxseT8KPj4+ Pj4+Pgo+Pj4+Pj4KPj4+Pj4+IEp1c3Qgc3R1bWJsZWQgb3ZlciB0aGUgcmVwbHkgZnJvbSBDaHJp c3RvcGU6Cj4+Pj4+Pgo+Pj4+Pj4gaHR0cHM6Ly9ldXIwMS5zYWZlbGlua3MucHJvdGVjdGlvbi5v dXRsb29rLmNvbS8/dXJsPWh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGbGttbC5rZXJuZWwub3JnJTJGciUyRjAwMTlk Njc1LWNlM2QtNGE1Yy04OWVkLWYxMjZjNDUxNDVjOSU0MGtlcm5lbC5vcmcmZGF0YT0wNSU3QzAy JTdDY2hyaXN0b3BoZS5sZXJveSU0MGNzZ3JvdXAuZXUlN0MyMmQwYTAyOGIxZWM0YThiNjc4MTA4 ZGUyY2Y3Mzc2OSU3QzhiODdhZjdkODY0NzRkYzc4ZGY0NWY2OWEyMDExYmI1JTdDMCU3QzAlN0M2 Mzg5OTc2Mzc0ODExMTk5NTQlN0NVbmtub3duJTdDVFdGcGJHWnNiM2Q4ZXlKRmJYQjBlVTFoY0dr aU9uUnlkV1VzSWxZaU9pSXdMakF1TURBd01DSXNJbEFpT2lKWGFXNHpNaUlzSWtGT0lqb2lUV0Zw YkNJc0lsZFVJam95ZlElM0QlM0QlN0MwJTdDJTdDJTdDJnNkYXRhPW9jUjZ1c1ZnUkhmdWUwTXJ0 YlFuRE84d2hJTnZ5JTJGRE1BZk5FM2NhaVk4YyUzRCZyZXNlcnZlZD0wCj4+Pj4+Pgo+Pj4+Pj4g QW5kIHdvbmRlciBpZiB3ZSBjb3VsZCBoYW5kbGUgdGhhdCBzb21laG93IGRpcmVjdGx5IGluIHRo ZSBwZ2RwX2dldCgpIGV0Yy4KPj4+Cj4+PiBJIGNlcnRhaW5seSBkb24ndCBsaWtlIHRoZSBzdWdn ZXN0aW9uIG9mIGRvaW5nIHRoZSBpc19mb2xkZWQoKSB0ZXN0IG91dHNpZGUgdGhlCj4+PiBoZWxw ZXIsIGJ1dCBpZiB3ZSBjYW4gcHVzaCB0aGF0IGxvZ2ljIGRvd24gaW50byBwWGRwX2dldCgpIHRo YXQgd291bGQgYmUgcHJldHR5Cj4+PiBuZWF0LiBBbnNodW1hbiBhbmQgSSBkaWQgYnJpZWZseSBw bGF5IHdpdGggdGhlIGlkZWEgb2YgZG9pbmcgYSBDIGRlcmVmZXJlbmNlIGlmCj4+PiB0aGUgbGV2 ZWwgaXMgZm9sZGVkIGFuZCBhIFJFQURfT05DRSgpIG90aGVyd2lzZSwgYWxsIGluc2lkZSBlYWNo IHBYZHBfZ2V0KCkKPj4+IGhlbHBlci4gQWx0aG91Z2ggd2UgbmV2ZXIgcHJvdmVkIGl0IHRvIGJl IGNvcnJlY3QuIEkgc3RydWdnbGUgd2l0aCB0aGUgbW9kZWwgZm9yCj4+PiBmb2xkaW5nLiBEbyB5 b3Ugd2FudCB0byBvcHRpbWl6ZSBvdXQgYWxsLWJ1dC10aGUtaGlnaGVzdCBsZXZlbCdzIGFjY2Vz cyBvcgo+Pj4gYWxsLWJ1dC10aGUtbG93ZXN0IGxldmVsJ3MgYWNjZXNzPyBNYWtlcyBteSBoZWFk IGh1cnQuLi4KPj4+Cj4+Pgo+Pgo+PiBZb3UgbWVhbiBzdGggbGlrZToKPj4KPj4gc3RhdGljIGlu bGluZSBwbWRfdCBwbWRwX2dldChwbWRfdCAqcG1kcCkKPj4gewo+PiAjaWZkZWYgX19QQUdFVEFC TEVfUE1EX0ZPTERFRAo+PiAJcmV0dXJuICpwbWRwOwo+PiAjZWxzZQo+PiAJcmV0dXJuIFJFQURf T05DRSgqcG1kcCk7Cj4+ICNlbmRpZgo+PiB9Cj4gCj4gWWVzLiBCdXQgSSdtIG5vdCBjb252aW5j ZWQgaXQncyBjb3JyZWN0Lgo+IAo+IEkgKnRoaW5rKiAoYnV0IHBsZWFzZSBjb3JyZWN0IG1lIGlm IEknbSB3cm9uZykgaWYgdGhlIFBNRCBpcyBmb2xkZWQsIHRoZSBQVUQgYW5kCj4gUDREIG11c3Qg YWxzbyBiZSBmb2xkZWQsIGFuZCB5b3UgZWZmZWN0aXZlbHkgaGF2ZSBhIDIgbGV2ZWwgcGd0YWJs ZSBjb25zaXN0aW5nCj4gb2YgdGhlIFBHRCB0YWJsZSBhbmQgdGhlIFBURSB0YWJsZS4gcDRkcF9n ZXQoKSwgcHVkcF9nZXQoKSBhbmQgcG1kcF9nZXQoKSBhcmUKPiBhbGwgZWZmZWN0aXZlbHkgZHVw bGljYXRpbmcgdGhlIGxvYWQgb2YgdGhlIHBnZCBlbnRyeT8gU28gYXNzdW1pbmcgcGdkcF9nZXQo KQo+IHdhcyBhbHJlYWR5IGNhbGxlZCBhbmQgdXNlZCBSRUFEX09OQ0UoKSwgeW91IG1pZ2h0IGhv cGUgdGhlIGNvbXBpbGVyIHdpbGwganVzdAo+IGRyb3AgdGhlIG90aGVyIGxvYWRzIGFuZCBqdXN0 IHVzZSB0aGUgdmFsdWUgcmV0dXJuZWQgYnkgUkVBRF9PTkNFKCkuIEJ1dCBJIGRvdWJ0Cj4gdGhl cmUgaXMgYW55IGd1YXJhbnRlZSBvZiB0aGF0IGFuZCB5b3UgbWlnaHQgYmUgaW4gYSBzaXR1YXRp b24gd2hlcmUgcGdkcF9nZXQoKQo+IG5ldmVyIGV2ZW4gZ290IGNhbGxlZCAocGVyaGFwcyB5b3Ug YWxyZWFkeSBoYXZlIHRoZSBwbWQgcG9pbnRlcikuCgpJIHRoaW5rIHlvdSBjYW4ndCBhc3N1bWUg cGdkcF9nZXQoKSB3YXMgYWxyZWFkeSBjYWxsZWQsIGJlY2F1c2Ugc29tZSAKcGFydHMgb2YgY29k ZSB3aWxsIGRpcmVjdGx5IGRlc2NlbmQgdG8gUE1EIGxldmVsIHVzaW5nIHBtZF9vZmYoKSBvciAK cG1kX29mZl9rKCkKCnN0YXRpYyBpbmxpbmUgcG1kX3QgKnBtZF9vZmYoc3RydWN0IG1tX3N0cnVj dCAqbW0sIHVuc2lnbmVkIGxvbmcgdmEpCnsKCXJldHVybiBwbWRfb2Zmc2V0KHB1ZF9vZmZzZXQo cDRkX29mZnNldChwZ2Rfb2Zmc2V0KG1tLCB2YSksIHZhKSwgdmEpLCB2YSk7Cn0KCnN0YXRpYyBp bmxpbmUgcG1kX3QgKnBtZF9vZmZfayh1bnNpZ25lZCBsb25nIHZhKQp7CglyZXR1cm4gcG1kX29m ZnNldChwdWRfb2Zmc2V0KHA0ZF9vZmZzZXQocGdkX29mZnNldF9rKHZhKSwgdmEpLCB2YSksIHZh KTsKfQoKCkNocmlzdG9waGUKCl9fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19f X19fX19fX19fCmxpbnV4LXJpc2N2IG1haWxpbmcgbGlzdApsaW51eC1yaXNjdkBsaXN0cy5pbmZy YWRlYWQub3JnCmh0dHA6Ly9saXN0cy5pbmZyYWRlYWQub3JnL21haWxtYW4vbGlzdGluZm8vbGlu dXgtcmlzY3YK