Re: [PATCH v7 04/14] NFSD: Implement NFSD_IO_DIRECT for NFS WRITE

[Mike Snitzer <snitzer@kernel.org>]

On Fri, Oct 24, 2025 at 10:42:56AM -0400, Chuck Lever wrote:
> From: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@kernel.org>
> 
> If NFSD_IO_DIRECT is used, split any misaligned WRITE into a start,
> middle and end as needed. The large middle extent is DIO-aligned and
> the start and/or end are misaligned. Synchronous buffered IO (with
> preference towards using DONTCACHE) is used for the misaligned extents
> and O_DIRECT is used for the middle DIO-aligned extent.
> 
> nfsd_issue_write_dio() promotes @stable_how to NFS_FILE_SYNC, which
> allows the client to drop its dirty data and avoid needing an extra
> COMMIT operation.
> 
> If vfs_iocb_iter_write() returns -ENOTBLK, due to its inability to
> invalidate the page cache on behalf of the DIO WRITE, then
> nfsd_issue_write_dio() will fall back to using buffered IO.
> 
> These changes served as the original starting point for the NFS
> client's misaligned O_DIRECT support that landed with
> commit c817248fc831 ("nfs/localio: add proper O_DIRECT support for
> READ and WRITE"). But NFSD's support is simpler because it currently
> doesn't use AIO completion.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@kernel.org>
> Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
> Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
> ---
>  fs/nfsd/debugfs.c |   1 +
>  fs/nfsd/trace.h   |   1 +
>  fs/nfsd/vfs.c     | 197 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  3 files changed, 199 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/fs/nfsd/debugfs.c b/fs/nfsd/debugfs.c
> index 00eb1ecef6ac..7f44689e0a53 100644
> --- a/fs/nfsd/debugfs.c
> +++ b/fs/nfsd/debugfs.c
> @@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ static int nfsd_io_cache_write_set(void *data, u64 val)
>  	switch (val) {
>  	case NFSD_IO_BUFFERED:
>  	case NFSD_IO_DONTCACHE:
> +	case NFSD_IO_DIRECT:
>  		nfsd_io_cache_write = val;
>  		break;
>  	default:
> diff --git a/fs/nfsd/trace.h b/fs/nfsd/trace.h
> index bfd41236aff2..ad74439d0105 100644
> --- a/fs/nfsd/trace.h
> +++ b/fs/nfsd/trace.h
> @@ -469,6 +469,7 @@ DEFINE_NFSD_IO_EVENT(read_io_done);
>  DEFINE_NFSD_IO_EVENT(read_done);
>  DEFINE_NFSD_IO_EVENT(write_start);
>  DEFINE_NFSD_IO_EVENT(write_opened);
> +DEFINE_NFSD_IO_EVENT(write_direct);
>  DEFINE_NFSD_IO_EVENT(write_io_done);
>  DEFINE_NFSD_IO_EVENT(write_done);
>  DEFINE_NFSD_IO_EVENT(commit_start);
> diff --git a/fs/nfsd/vfs.c b/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
> index 6076821bb541..2832a66cda5b 100644
> --- a/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
> +++ b/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
> @@ -1254,6 +1254,109 @@ static int wait_for_concurrent_writes(struct file *file)
>  	return err;
>  }
>  
> +struct nfsd_write_dio {
> +	ssize_t	start_len;	/* Length for misaligned first extent */
> +	ssize_t	middle_len;	/* Length for DIO-aligned middle extent */
> +	ssize_t	end_len;	/* Length for misaligned last extent */
> +};
> +
> +static bool
> +nfsd_is_write_dio_possible(loff_t offset, unsigned long len,
> +			   struct nfsd_file *nf,
> +			   struct nfsd_write_dio *write_dio)
> +{
> +	const u32 dio_blocksize = nf->nf_dio_offset_align;
> +	loff_t start_end, orig_end, middle_end;
> +
> +	if (unlikely(!nf->nf_dio_mem_align || !dio_blocksize))
> +		return false;
> +	if (unlikely(dio_blocksize > PAGE_SIZE))
> +		return false;
> +	if (unlikely(len < dio_blocksize))
> +		return false;
> +
> +	start_end = round_up(offset, dio_blocksize);
> +	orig_end = offset + len;
> +	middle_end = round_down(orig_end, dio_blocksize);
> +
> +	write_dio->start_len = start_end - offset;
> +	write_dio->middle_len = middle_end - start_end;
> +	write_dio->end_len = orig_end - middle_end;
> +
> +	return true;
> +}
> +
> +static bool
> +nfsd_iov_iter_aligned_bvec(const struct iov_iter *i, unsigned int addr_mask,
> +			   unsigned int len_mask)
> +{
> +	const struct bio_vec *bvec = i->bvec;
> +	size_t skip = i->iov_offset;
> +	size_t size = i->count;
> +
> +	if (size & len_mask)
> +		return false;
> +	do {
> +		size_t len = bvec->bv_len;
> +
> +		if (len > size)
> +			len = size;
> +		if ((unsigned long)(bvec->bv_offset + skip) & addr_mask)
> +			return false;
> +		bvec++;
> +		size -= len;
> +		skip = 0;
> +	} while (size);
> +
> +	return true;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Setup as many as 3 iov_iter based on extents described by @write_dio.
> + * Returns the number of iov_iter that were setup.
> + */
> +static int
> +nfsd_setup_write_dio_iters(struct iov_iter **iterp, bool *iter_is_dio_aligned,
> +			   struct bio_vec *rq_bvec, unsigned int nvecs,
> +			   unsigned long cnt, struct nfsd_write_dio *write_dio,
> +			   struct nfsd_file *nf)
> +{
> +	int n_iters = 0;
> +	struct iov_iter *iters = *iterp;
> +
> +	/* Setup misaligned start? */
> +	if (write_dio->start_len) {
> +		iov_iter_bvec(&iters[n_iters], ITER_SOURCE, rq_bvec, nvecs, cnt);
> +		iters[n_iters].count = write_dio->start_len;
> +		iter_is_dio_aligned[n_iters] = false;
> +		++n_iters;
> +	}
> +
> +	/* Setup DIO-aligned middle */
> +	iov_iter_bvec(&iters[n_iters], ITER_SOURCE, rq_bvec, nvecs, cnt);
> +	if (write_dio->start_len)
> +		iov_iter_advance(&iters[n_iters], write_dio->start_len);
> +	iters[n_iters].count -= write_dio->end_len;
> +	iter_is_dio_aligned[n_iters] =
> +		nfsd_iov_iter_aligned_bvec(&iters[n_iters],
> +					   nf->nf_dio_mem_align - 1,
> +					   nf->nf_dio_offset_align - 1);
> +	if (unlikely(!iter_is_dio_aligned[n_iters]))
> +		return 0; /* no DIO-aligned IO possible */
> +	++n_iters;
> +
> +	/* Setup misaligned end? */
> +	if (write_dio->end_len) {
> +		iov_iter_bvec(&iters[n_iters], ITER_SOURCE, rq_bvec, nvecs, cnt);
> +		iov_iter_advance(&iters[n_iters],
> +				 write_dio->start_len + write_dio->middle_len);
> +		iter_is_dio_aligned[n_iters] = false;
> +		++n_iters;
> +	}
> +
> +	return n_iters;
> +}
> +
>  static int
>  nfsd_iocb_write(struct file *file, struct bio_vec *bvec, unsigned int nvecs,
>  		unsigned long *cnt, struct kiocb *kiocb)
> @@ -1270,6 +1373,95 @@ nfsd_iocb_write(struct file *file, struct bio_vec *bvec, unsigned int nvecs,
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> +static int
> +nfsd_issue_write_dio(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_fh *fhp, struct nfsd_file *nf,
> +		     u32 *stable_how, unsigned int nvecs, unsigned long *cnt,
> +		     struct kiocb *kiocb, struct nfsd_write_dio *write_dio)
> +{
> +	struct file *file = nf->nf_file;
> +	bool iter_is_dio_aligned[3];
> +	struct iov_iter iter_stack[3];
> +	struct iov_iter *iter = iter_stack;
> +	unsigned int n_iters = 0;
> +	unsigned long in_count = *cnt;
> +	loff_t in_offset = kiocb->ki_pos;
> +	ssize_t host_err;
> +
> +	n_iters = nfsd_setup_write_dio_iters(&iter, iter_is_dio_aligned,
> +					     rqstp->rq_bvec, nvecs, *cnt,
> +					     write_dio, nf);
> +	if (unlikely(!n_iters))
> +		return nfsd_iocb_write(file, rqstp->rq_bvec, nvecs,
> +				       cnt, kiocb);
> +
> +	trace_nfsd_write_direct(rqstp, fhp, in_offset, in_count);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Any buffered IO issued here will be misaligned, use
> +	 * sync IO to ensure it has completed before returning.
> +	 * Also update @stable_how to avoid need for COMMIT.
> +	 */
> +	kiocb->ki_flags |= IOCB_DSYNC;
> +	*stable_how = NFS_FILE_SYNC;

Patch 6 really should be folded into this patch, I originally
submitted my v3 (and you carried it in v4) with both
IOCB_DSYNC|IOCB_SSYNC being set, see:
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-nfs/aPAci7O_XK1ljaum@kernel.org/

If you'd like your comment change and removal of parenthesis factored
out (to patch 6 or whatever) that's up to you.

Thanks,
Mike


> +
> +	*cnt = 0;
> +	for (int i = 0; i < n_iters; i++) {
> +		if (iter_is_dio_aligned[i])
> +			kiocb->ki_flags |= IOCB_DIRECT;
> +		else
> +			kiocb->ki_flags &= ~IOCB_DIRECT;
> +
> +		host_err = vfs_iocb_iter_write(file, kiocb, &iter[i]);
> +		if (host_err < 0) {
> +			/*
> +			 * VFS will return -ENOTBLK if DIO WRITE fails to
> +			 * invalidate the page cache. Retry using buffered IO.
> +			 */
> +			if (unlikely(host_err == -ENOTBLK)) {
> +				kiocb->ki_flags &= ~IOCB_DIRECT;
> +				*cnt = in_count;
> +				kiocb->ki_pos = in_offset;
> +				return nfsd_iocb_write(file, rqstp->rq_bvec,
> +						       nvecs, cnt, kiocb);
> +			} else if (unlikely(host_err == -EINVAL)) {
> +				struct inode *inode = d_inode(fhp->fh_dentry);
> +
> +				pr_info_ratelimited("nfsd: Direct I/O alignment failure on %s/%ld\n",
> +						    inode->i_sb->s_id, inode->i_ino);
> +				host_err = -ESERVERFAULT;
> +			}
> +			return host_err;
> +		}
> +		*cnt += host_err;
> +		if (host_err < iter[i].count) /* partial write? */
> +			break;
> +	}
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static noinline_for_stack int
> +nfsd_direct_write(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_fh *fhp,
> +		  struct nfsd_file *nf, u32 *stable_how, unsigned int nvecs,
> +		  unsigned long *cnt, struct kiocb *kiocb)
> +{
> +	struct nfsd_write_dio write_dio;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Check if IOCB_DONTCACHE can be used when issuing buffered IO;
> +	 * if so, set it to preserve intent of NFSD_IO_DIRECT (it will
> +	 * be ignored for any DIO issued here).
> +	 */
> +	if (nf->nf_file->f_op->fop_flags & FOP_DONTCACHE)
> +		kiocb->ki_flags |= IOCB_DONTCACHE;
> +
> +	if (nfsd_is_write_dio_possible(kiocb->ki_pos, *cnt, nf, &write_dio))
> +		return nfsd_issue_write_dio(rqstp, fhp, nf, stable_how, nvecs,
> +					    cnt, kiocb, &write_dio);
> +
> +	return nfsd_iocb_write(nf->nf_file, rqstp->rq_bvec, nvecs, cnt, kiocb);
> +}
> +
>  /**
>   * nfsd_vfs_write - write data to an already-open file
>   * @rqstp: RPC execution context
> @@ -1346,6 +1538,11 @@ nfsd_vfs_write(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_fh *fhp,
>  		nfsd_copy_write_verifier(verf, nn);
>  
>  	switch (nfsd_io_cache_write) {
> +	case NFSD_IO_DIRECT:
> +		host_err = nfsd_direct_write(rqstp, fhp, nf, stable_how,
> +					     nvecs, cnt, &kiocb);
> +		stable = *stable_how;
> +		break;
>  	case NFSD_IO_DONTCACHE:
>  		if (file->f_op->fop_flags & FOP_DONTCACHE)
>  			kiocb.ki_flags |= IOCB_DONTCACHE;
> -- 
> 2.51.0
>