From: Harry Yoo <harry@kernel.org>
To: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>, Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>,
Christoph Lameter <cl@gentwo.org>,
Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>,
Hao Ge <hao.ge@linux.dev>,
kernel-team@meta.com, linux-mm@kvack.org,
linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, stable@vger.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH] mm/percpu: account full object size for percpu memory allocations
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 2026 23:23:17 +0100 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <as6q8H5qxb5Gd471@thinkpad> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20261013145424.341cb25ffdd488297bffd1a1@linux-foundation.org>
On Tue, Oct 13, 2026 at 02:54:24PM -0700, Andrew Morton wrote:
> On Tue, 13 Oct 2026 20:34:39 +0100 "Harry Yoo (Meta)" <harry@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> > When memory allocation profiling is enabled, the pages backing percpu
> > memory chunks are attributed to func:pcpu_alloc_pages. However, the
> > accounting of individual percpu memory allocations via alloc_percpu()
> > and friends record only the size of a single object rather than its
> > full size across all CPUs.
> >
> > As a result, it is often not straightforward to identify which kernel
> > code is actually responsible for percpu memory, because the size is
> > under-accounted by a factor of num_possible_cpus().
> >
> > Account full object size with pcpu_obj_full_size(size) instead, which
> > multiplies the object size by num_possible_cpus() and adds the objcg
> > pointer overhead. This is consistent with what memcg already does for
> > charging percpu allocations.
> >
> > Verified with 64-CPU VM by spawning 400 processes in a memory cgroup and
> > measuring mm_init()'s rss_stat counters.
> >
> > Delta of kernel/fork.c:1142 func:mm_init in /proc/allocinfo:
>
> Please make it use mm_init() rather than func:mm_init.
This is the output format of /proc/allocinfo:
https://docs.kernel.org/filesystems/proc.html#allocinfo
> Example output.
>
> > tail -n +3 /proc/allocinfo | sort -rn
> 127664128 31168 mm/page_ext.c:270 func:alloc_page_ext
> 56373248 4737 mm/slub.c:2259 func:alloc_slab_page
> 14880768 3633 mm/readahead.c:247 func:page_cache_ra_unbounded
> >
> > bytes calls per allocation
> > unpatched 6320 395 16
> > patched 418176 396 1056
> >
> > 'percpu' field in memory.stat: 422400 (1056 bytes per process)
> >
> > Memory allocation profiling now accounts the same amount of memory as
> > what memcg charges.
>
> Fair enough.
>
> > Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
>
> Why cc:stable?
For anyone who uses memory allocation profiling to understand which
code locations allocated how much memory, it gives a false impression
that certain perpcu memory allocations are not as big as they actually
are.
On some workloads percpu memory (func:pcpu_alloc_pages) shows up as one
of the biggest memory allocations, but the actual users of percpu
memory allocator don't show up as they are under-reported.
--
Cheers,
Harry / Hyeonggon
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-10-13 22:23 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 4+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-10-13 19:34 [PATCH] mm/percpu: account full object size for percpu memory allocations Harry Yoo (Meta)
2026-10-13 21:54 ` Andrew Morton
2026-10-13 22:23 ` Harry Yoo [this message]
2026-10-13 23:12 ` Andrew Morton
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