From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from kanga.kvack.org (kanga.kvack.org [205.233.56.17]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 41253D111A8 for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:29 +0000 (UTC) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) id 859786B0010; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 14:44:28 -0500 (EST) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 40) id 831186B008C; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 14:44:28 -0500 (EST) X-Delivered-To: int-list-linux-mm@kvack.org Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 63042) id 76E596B0095; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 14:44:28 -0500 (EST) X-Delivered-To: linux-mm@kvack.org Received: from relay.hostedemail.com (smtprelay0016.hostedemail.com [216.40.44.16]) by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 67FCC6B0010 for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 14:44:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from smtpin20.hostedemail.com (a10.router.float.18 [10.200.18.1]) by unirelay02.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 17460139BD0 for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:28 +0000 (UTC) X-FDA: 84157413816.20.2B6BB86 Received: from tor.source.kernel.org (tor.source.kernel.org [172.105.4.254]) by imf25.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 74C11A0005 for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:26 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: imf25.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b="DHhD/aQh"; dmarc=pass (policy=quarantine) header.from=kernel.org; spf=pass (imf25.hostedemail.com: domain of chleroy@kernel.org designates 172.105.4.254 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=chleroy@kernel.org ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=hostedemail.com; s=arc-20220608; t=1764272666; h=from:from:sender:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date: message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version: content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references:dkim-signature; bh=GdDuTvTnfEpx4mgFT/vHpVsJR1D+SimXyQpYnhx4Jqs=; b=jpa9XtksiUzQTFcCmR6jni0hgZAutOUZmhJCecTFtVLpfxvl3DIJTAIoXgSzL6/Uhq/4wW EDAG0HH+DIbMcq5Brsv1OSv+KwUrEUAdm2X5maM1lbCAWDh12X7/bGUYloM+NKFrJZ1zdG 55VW7SFIah1Ifj0WEm8hwSX6htd/9Q8= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; imf25.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b="DHhD/aQh"; dmarc=pass (policy=quarantine) header.from=kernel.org; spf=pass (imf25.hostedemail.com: domain of chleroy@kernel.org designates 172.105.4.254 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=chleroy@kernel.org ARC-Seal: i=1; s=arc-20220608; d=hostedemail.com; t=1764272666; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=mlBoD3rzHAlbdGfYf5KGoeeiwQTnZ9KxznDnTjf9Uy5USAEDmYlOvDXHyUWx84YcIxmId0 NmWsm3OWlN/EyFJoGoETAY33MlrUThhjKezPmC7gkzFrk5GsdchfowbUWJ0udPYKe//iR7 WiPe18ojotdaUjpkrTYxJqa9kcb3lP0= Received: from smtp.kernel.org (transwarp.subspace.kernel.org [100.75.92.58]) by tor.source.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id E304E60172; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:25 +0000 (UTC) Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 3DF0FC4CEF8; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:17 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=kernel.org; s=k20201202; t=1764272665; bh=2FTP2tPXd1GWQFRneLLYDqFrpGOgQxqB103gyOVSA4k=; h=Date:Subject:To:Cc:References:From:In-Reply-To:From; b=DHhD/aQhOyARXtDI0hb53vOA6x8+UUybsf+r7ell6SNfujszItV4w+dfeFIi0VVvp SfUh8H3uoek+9MTu+QV4uvODoSpGySXi0o6d5frjsPAj15Of1utMh7nsvJb974rQD6 F4niZwOZzwHFDuJtR/LiKuHlg7eHU7BRGLvv18H42Kw9FviKkVKPvJALmGQ/V+VhNO Gdb9h5b6Acg/uJQzdygl3tGNU7KMzqs4YfOU3R9/nzYTx1T8Fo7IgVylHkbTf2yBLR qH2rfGWT4eDqkPvd+NlC1Xr49i1FAUs47DzrgHd5fldJ4zKIhqGNc++3zPYYD4TB9K fox1xbw6MnYrQ== Message-ID: Date: Thu, 27 Nov 2025 20:44:16 +0100 MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 06/22] mm: Always use page table accessor functions To: Ryan Roberts , "David Hildenbrand (Red Hat)" , Lorenzo Stoakes Cc: Wei Yang , Samuel Holland , Palmer Dabbelt , Paul Walmsley , linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org, Andrew Morton , linux-mm@kvack.org, devicetree@vger.kernel.org, Suren Baghdasaryan , linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Mike Rapoport , Michal Hocko , Conor Dooley , Krzysztof Kozlowski , Alexandre Ghiti , Emil Renner Berthing , Rob Herring , Vlastimil Babka , "Liam R . Howlett" , Julia Lawall , Nicolas Palix , Anshuman Khandual References: <6bdf2b89-7768-4b90-b5e7-ff174196ea7b@lucifer.local> <71123d7a-641b-41df-b959-88e6c2a3a441@kernel.org> <20251126134726.yrya5xxayfcde3kl@master> <6b966403-91e0-4f06-86a9-a4f7780b9557@kernel.org> <1ca9f99f-6266-47ca-8c94-1a9b9aaa717f@kernel.org> <37973e21-e8f4-4603-b93d-4e0b1b2499fa@lucifer.local> <4505a93b-2bac-4ce1-8971-4c31f1ce1362@arm.com> <150ffcb7-2df2-4f3a-a12e-9807f13c6ab9@arm.com> From: "Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP)" Content-Language: fr-FR In-Reply-To: <150ffcb7-2df2-4f3a-a12e-9807f13c6ab9@arm.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspam-User: X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 74C11A0005 X-Rspamd-Server: rspam11 X-Stat-Signature: f9bhdkrmsdnx948u867tczfj538gyk8o X-HE-Tag: 1764272666-636715 X-HE-Meta: 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 B0lpfV4g hHJWUsmsqvb4m8VOX3M9kmKJ5PzAcGuFjRLeVkN6vxhJDWW5uD1roPrM6a4mj+g18dJXfnSbJM8UORAPyS1SEvvXU+SX8Si+v5/1FA6WGWMwyJeFkHOo84Xr+y2QE+TcmNQOteA4U96oBO0nV4BuScCG4ZJidbA+qc3RwNncYlDJ9Cmni/DuzkHWZ12zt5LXtL1QRJcAHLLIJSg0o2u7rbYvxHhYUKC9jBv3jsc5WkRiWGrQQCQ4/IU5DDo/BG6VFANipbp/g6/7AUdja24hHiN2ZS3OEu2ub46epRCcG5tzS3LsMrCFuL60ZX1lwyjPiCRUR X-Bogosity: Ham, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.000000, version=1.2.4 Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Le 26/11/2025 à 17:34, Ryan Roberts a écrit : > On 26/11/2025 16:07, Ryan Roberts wrote: >> On 26/11/2025 15:12, David Hildenbrand (Red Hat) wrote: >>> On 11/26/25 16:08, Lorenzo Stoakes wrote: >>>> On Wed, Nov 26, 2025 at 03:56:13PM +0100, David Hildenbrand (Red Hat) wrote: >>>>> On 11/26/25 15:52, Lorenzo Stoakes wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>> Would the pmdp_get() never get invoked then? Or otherwise wouldn't that end up >>>>>> requiring a READ_ONCE() further up the stack? >>>>> >>>>> See my other reply, I think the pmdp_get() is required because all pud_* >>>>> functions are just simple stubs. >>>> >>>> OK, thought you were saying we should push further down the stack? Or up >>>> depending on how you view these things :P as in READ_ONCE at leaf? >>> >>> I think at leaf because I think the previous ones should essentially be only >>> used by stubs. >>> >>> But I haven't fully digested how this is all working. Or supposed to work. >>> >>> I'm trying to chew through the arch/arm/include/asm/pgtable-2level.h example to >>> see if I can make sense of it, >> >> I wonder if we can think about this slightly differently; >> >> READ_ONCE() has two important properties: >> >> - It guarrantees that a load will be issued, *even if output is unused* >> - It guarrantees that the read will be single-copy-atomic (no tearing) >> >> I think for the existing places where READ_ONCE() is used for pagetable reads we >> only care about: >> >> - It guarrantees that a load will be issued, *if output is used* >> - It guarrantees that the read will be single-copy-atomic (no tearing) >> >> I think if we can weaken to the "if output is used" property, then the compiler >> will optimize out all the unneccessary reads. >> >> AIUI, a C dereference provides neither of the guarrantees so that's no good. >> >> What about non-volatile asm? I'm told (thought need to verify) that for >> non-volatile asm, the compiler will emit it if the output is used and remove it >> otherwise. So if the asm contains the required single-copy-atomic, perhaps we >> are in business? >> >> So we would need a new READ_SCA() macro that could default to READ_ONCE() (which >> is stronger) and arches could opt in to providing a weaker asm version. Then the >> default pXdp_get() could be READ_SCA(). And this should work for all cases. >> >> I think. > > I'm not sure this works. It looks like the compiler is free to move non-volatile > asm sections which might be problematic for places where we are currently using > READ_ONCE() in lockless algorithms, (e.g. GUP?). We wouldn't want to end up with > a stale value. What about adding a memory clobber to the non-volatile asm ? Compiler shouldn't move the asm section in that case. Christophe From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from bombadil.infradead.org (bombadil.infradead.org [198.137.202.133]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 830FDD111A8 for ; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:37 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=lists.infradead.org; s=bombadil.20210309; h=Sender:Content-Type: Content-Transfer-Encoding:List-Subscribe:List-Help:List-Post:List-Archive: List-Unsubscribe:List-Id:In-Reply-To:From:References:Cc:To:Subject: MIME-Version:Date:Message-ID:Reply-To:Content-ID:Content-Description: Resent-Date:Resent-From:Resent-Sender:Resent-To:Resent-Cc:Resent-Message-ID: List-Owner; bh=rB8EWr971ZNFtzbJnPzXXrNOoCrcq4PrDzjw1uNxwY0=; b=NbCS5bizfkg9T+ P+bqZ0tTd4YJ61aL2Xk4xkLyaekJCTvepP3QZYhw6ENa2mI0i4dRMu47s9TMfwWLgWCVeN71dzfZ8 ISBV7IqZGp6nwkDuNhoJyW/yC0r/al1fmKvlgHETwAec2Y6KLtQeS1Zt94kbuKZ/zTzD/c80H85xh JgdH44v+OngR4U3VomfVsg7nGrpOUyqKJF5o9VMv3GmLESGaInFYwDOjhZmXcAmh7OfJCREK1DVdJ Fk/TqE8rcz4xd2drHT5lxAuQAZeH9/s6pXJa1f+QK1ttL0N4IyAoewhsJgFgk7FTfDB7TxXXe62XJ J9/9teEBOe02lFX0Dk2A==; Received: from localhost ([::1] helo=bombadil.infradead.org) by bombadil.infradead.org with esmtp (Exim 4.98.2 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1vOhul-0000000HA3O-2e9S; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:27 +0000 Received: from tor.source.kernel.org ([2600:3c04:e001:324:0:1991:8:25]) by bombadil.infradead.org with esmtps (Exim 4.98.2 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1vOhuk-0000000HA3D-3N2m for linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:26 +0000 Received: from smtp.kernel.org (transwarp.subspace.kernel.org [100.75.92.58]) by tor.source.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id E304E60172; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:25 +0000 (UTC) Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 3DF0FC4CEF8; Thu, 27 Nov 2025 19:44:17 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=kernel.org; s=k20201202; t=1764272665; bh=2FTP2tPXd1GWQFRneLLYDqFrpGOgQxqB103gyOVSA4k=; h=Date:Subject:To:Cc:References:From:In-Reply-To:From; b=DHhD/aQhOyARXtDI0hb53vOA6x8+UUybsf+r7ell6SNfujszItV4w+dfeFIi0VVvp SfUh8H3uoek+9MTu+QV4uvODoSpGySXi0o6d5frjsPAj15Of1utMh7nsvJb974rQD6 F4niZwOZzwHFDuJtR/LiKuHlg7eHU7BRGLvv18H42Kw9FviKkVKPvJALmGQ/V+VhNO Gdb9h5b6Acg/uJQzdygl3tGNU7KMzqs4YfOU3R9/nzYTx1T8Fo7IgVylHkbTf2yBLR qH2rfGWT4eDqkPvd+NlC1Xr49i1FAUs47DzrgHd5fldJ4zKIhqGNc++3zPYYD4TB9K fox1xbw6MnYrQ== Message-ID: Date: Thu, 27 Nov 2025 20:44:16 +0100 MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 06/22] mm: Always use page table accessor functions To: Ryan Roberts , "David Hildenbrand (Red Hat)" , Lorenzo Stoakes Cc: Wei Yang , Samuel Holland , Palmer Dabbelt , Paul Walmsley , linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org, Andrew Morton , linux-mm@kvack.org, devicetree@vger.kernel.org, Suren Baghdasaryan , linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Mike Rapoport , Michal Hocko , Conor Dooley , Krzysztof Kozlowski , Alexandre Ghiti , Emil Renner Berthing , Rob Herring , Vlastimil Babka , "Liam R . Howlett" , Julia Lawall , Nicolas Palix , Anshuman Khandual References: <6bdf2b89-7768-4b90-b5e7-ff174196ea7b@lucifer.local> <71123d7a-641b-41df-b959-88e6c2a3a441@kernel.org> <20251126134726.yrya5xxayfcde3kl@master> <6b966403-91e0-4f06-86a9-a4f7780b9557@kernel.org> <1ca9f99f-6266-47ca-8c94-1a9b9aaa717f@kernel.org> <37973e21-e8f4-4603-b93d-4e0b1b2499fa@lucifer.local> <4505a93b-2bac-4ce1-8971-4c31f1ce1362@arm.com> <150ffcb7-2df2-4f3a-a12e-9807f13c6ab9@arm.com> From: "Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP)" Content-Language: fr-FR In-Reply-To: <150ffcb7-2df2-4f3a-a12e-9807f13c6ab9@arm.com> X-BeenThere: linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.34 Precedence: list List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"; Format="flowed" Sender: "linux-riscv" Errors-To: linux-riscv-bounces+linux-riscv=archiver.kernel.org@lists.infradead.org CgpMZSAyNi8xMS8yMDI1IMOgIDE3OjM0LCBSeWFuIFJvYmVydHMgYSDDqWNyaXTCoDoKPiBPbiAy Ni8xMS8yMDI1IDE2OjA3LCBSeWFuIFJvYmVydHMgd3JvdGU6Cj4+IE9uIDI2LzExLzIwMjUgMTU6 MTIsIERhdmlkIEhpbGRlbmJyYW5kIChSZWQgSGF0KSB3cm90ZToKPj4+IE9uIDExLzI2LzI1IDE2 OjA4LCBMb3JlbnpvIFN0b2FrZXMgd3JvdGU6Cj4+Pj4gT24gV2VkLCBOb3YgMjYsIDIwMjUgYXQg MDM6NTY6MTNQTSArMDEwMCwgRGF2aWQgSGlsZGVuYnJhbmQgKFJlZCBIYXQpIHdyb3RlOgo+Pj4+ PiBPbiAxMS8yNi8yNSAxNTo1MiwgTG9yZW56byBTdG9ha2VzIHdyb3RlOgo+Pj4+Pj4KPj4+Pj4+ IFdvdWxkIHRoZSBwbWRwX2dldCgpIG5ldmVyIGdldCBpbnZva2VkIHRoZW4/IE9yIG90aGVyd2lz ZSB3b3VsZG4ndCB0aGF0IGVuZCB1cAo+Pj4+Pj4gcmVxdWlyaW5nIGEgUkVBRF9PTkNFKCkgZnVy dGhlciB1cCB0aGUgc3RhY2s/Cj4+Pj4+Cj4+Pj4+IFNlZSBteSBvdGhlciByZXBseSwgSSB0aGlu ayB0aGUgcG1kcF9nZXQoKSBpcyByZXF1aXJlZCBiZWNhdXNlIGFsbCBwdWRfKgo+Pj4+PiBmdW5j dGlvbnMgYXJlIGp1c3Qgc2ltcGxlIHN0dWJzLgo+Pj4+Cj4+Pj4gT0ssIHRob3VnaHQgeW91IHdl cmUgc2F5aW5nIHdlIHNob3VsZCBwdXNoIGZ1cnRoZXIgZG93biB0aGUgc3RhY2s/IE9yIHVwCj4+ Pj4gZGVwZW5kaW5nIG9uIGhvdyB5b3UgdmlldyB0aGVzZSB0aGluZ3MgOlAgYXMgaW4gUkVBRF9P TkNFIGF0IGxlYWY/Cj4+Pgo+Pj4gSSB0aGluayBhdCBsZWFmIGJlY2F1c2UgSSB0aGluayB0aGUg cHJldmlvdXMgb25lcyBzaG91bGQgZXNzZW50aWFsbHkgYmUgb25seQo+Pj4gdXNlZCBieSBzdHVi cy4KPj4+Cj4+PiBCdXQgSSBoYXZlbid0IGZ1bGx5IGRpZ2VzdGVkIGhvdyB0aGlzIGlzIGFsbCB3 b3JraW5nLiBPciBzdXBwb3NlZCB0byB3b3JrLgo+Pj4KPj4+IEknbSB0cnlpbmcgdG8gY2hldyB0 aHJvdWdoIHRoZSBhcmNoL2FybS9pbmNsdWRlL2FzbS9wZ3RhYmxlLTJsZXZlbC5oIGV4YW1wbGUg dG8KPj4+IHNlZSBpZiBJIGNhbiBtYWtlIHNlbnNlIG9mIGl0LAo+Pgo+PiBJIHdvbmRlciBpZiB3 ZSBjYW4gdGhpbmsgYWJvdXQgdGhpcyBzbGlnaHRseSBkaWZmZXJlbnRseTsKPj4KPj4gUkVBRF9P TkNFKCkgaGFzIHR3byBpbXBvcnRhbnQgcHJvcGVydGllczoKPj4KPj4gICAtIEl0IGd1YXJyYW50 ZWVzIHRoYXQgYSBsb2FkIHdpbGwgYmUgaXNzdWVkLCAqZXZlbiBpZiBvdXRwdXQgaXMgdW51c2Vk Kgo+PiAgIC0gSXQgZ3VhcnJhbnRlZXMgdGhhdCB0aGUgcmVhZCB3aWxsIGJlIHNpbmdsZS1jb3B5 LWF0b21pYyAobm8gdGVhcmluZykKPj4KPj4gSSB0aGluayBmb3IgdGhlIGV4aXN0aW5nIHBsYWNl cyB3aGVyZSBSRUFEX09OQ0UoKSBpcyB1c2VkIGZvciBwYWdldGFibGUgcmVhZHMgd2UKPj4gb25s eSBjYXJlIGFib3V0Ogo+Pgo+PiAgIC0gSXQgZ3VhcnJhbnRlZXMgdGhhdCBhIGxvYWQgd2lsbCBi ZSBpc3N1ZWQsICppZiBvdXRwdXQgaXMgdXNlZCoKPj4gICAtIEl0IGd1YXJyYW50ZWVzIHRoYXQg dGhlIHJlYWQgd2lsbCBiZSBzaW5nbGUtY29weS1hdG9taWMgKG5vIHRlYXJpbmcpCj4+Cj4+IEkg dGhpbmsgaWYgd2UgY2FuIHdlYWtlbiB0byB0aGUgImlmIG91dHB1dCBpcyB1c2VkIiBwcm9wZXJ0 eSwgdGhlbiB0aGUgY29tcGlsZXIKPj4gd2lsbCBvcHRpbWl6ZSBvdXQgYWxsIHRoZSB1bm5lY2Nl c3NhcnkgcmVhZHMuCj4+Cj4+IEFJVUksIGEgQyBkZXJlZmVyZW5jZSBwcm92aWRlcyBuZWl0aGVy IG9mIHRoZSBndWFycmFudGVlcyBzbyB0aGF0J3Mgbm8gZ29vZC4KPj4KPj4gV2hhdCBhYm91dCBu b24tdm9sYXRpbGUgYXNtPyBJJ20gdG9sZCAodGhvdWdodCBuZWVkIHRvIHZlcmlmeSkgdGhhdCBm b3IKPj4gbm9uLXZvbGF0aWxlIGFzbSwgdGhlIGNvbXBpbGVyIHdpbGwgZW1pdCBpdCBpZiB0aGUg b3V0cHV0IGlzIHVzZWQgYW5kIHJlbW92ZSBpdAo+PiBvdGhlcndpc2UuIFNvIGlmIHRoZSBhc20g Y29udGFpbnMgdGhlIHJlcXVpcmVkIHNpbmdsZS1jb3B5LWF0b21pYywgcGVyaGFwcyB3ZQo+PiBh cmUgaW4gYnVzaW5lc3M/Cj4+Cj4+IFNvIHdlIHdvdWxkIG5lZWQgYSBuZXcgUkVBRF9TQ0EoKSBt YWNybyB0aGF0IGNvdWxkIGRlZmF1bHQgdG8gUkVBRF9PTkNFKCkgKHdoaWNoCj4+IGlzIHN0cm9u Z2VyKSBhbmQgYXJjaGVzIGNvdWxkIG9wdCBpbiB0byBwcm92aWRpbmcgYSB3ZWFrZXIgYXNtIHZl cnNpb24uIFRoZW4gdGhlCj4+IGRlZmF1bHQgcFhkcF9nZXQoKSBjb3VsZCBiZSBSRUFEX1NDQSgp LiBBbmQgdGhpcyBzaG91bGQgd29yayBmb3IgYWxsIGNhc2VzLgo+Pgo+PiBJIHRoaW5rLgo+IAo+ IEknbSBub3Qgc3VyZSB0aGlzIHdvcmtzLiBJdCBsb29rcyBsaWtlIHRoZSBjb21waWxlciBpcyBm cmVlIHRvIG1vdmUgbm9uLXZvbGF0aWxlCj4gYXNtIHNlY3Rpb25zIHdoaWNoIG1pZ2h0IGJlIHBy b2JsZW1hdGljIGZvciBwbGFjZXMgd2hlcmUgd2UgYXJlIGN1cnJlbnRseSB1c2luZwo+IFJFQURf T05DRSgpIGluIGxvY2tsZXNzIGFsZ29yaXRobXMsIChlLmcuIEdVUD8pLiBXZSB3b3VsZG4ndCB3 YW50IHRvIGVuZCB1cCB3aXRoCj4gYSBzdGFsZSB2YWx1ZS4KCldoYXQgYWJvdXQgYWRkaW5nIGEg bWVtb3J5IGNsb2JiZXIgdG8gdGhlIG5vbi12b2xhdGlsZSBhc20gPyBDb21waWxlciAKc2hvdWxk bid0IG1vdmUgdGhlIGFzbSBzZWN0aW9uIGluIHRoYXQgY2FzZS4KCkNocmlzdG9waGUKCgpfX19f X19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fXwpsaW51eC1yaXNjdiBt YWlsaW5nIGxpc3QKbGludXgtcmlzY3ZAbGlzdHMuaW5mcmFkZWFkLm9yZwpodHRwOi8vbGlzdHMu aW5mcmFkZWFkLm9yZy9tYWlsbWFuL2xpc3RpbmZvL2xpbnV4LXJpc2N2Cg==