From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from 66-220-155-179.mail-mxout.facebook.com (66-220-155-179.mail-mxout.facebook.com [66.220.155.179]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 38CBB36AB54 for ; Wed, 29 Jul 2026 05:02:14 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=66.220.155.179 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1785301341; cv=none; b=MC4+ySDnjX0u7DS5ChrewEbxrNePZ2KeHEfaQaTimhFl0gA2FxL6YlJIkuSvzLrhPQE16TPZnAod8cD8KKH/cCB4EZa9jDd93jyCsAc3b2gRTgmQCE2epr/KkWKnnhoZFsVgp6/eTBJniwRsIcMUg3JOK9BDqo+FYaPVmZs/Ex0= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1785301341; c=relaxed/simple; bh=9dU5feMecTuY5x+Y4aFsvW3O5HJruXJKEzXE5WKzB7Q=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:Message-ID:In-Reply-To:References: MIME-Version; b=pmiXa5YKrYhx6+A6NVmlWXPUwx7AyXGR7OpqHbv8lUM7vtiMtL5+8/GwgMcF1qA5wKzQcWWSfyDzzNuDOw1FvgdZhwpTMlO9W4zva+keyNoxbTHwmQh7UaSPmOmhVPCKz+XO1uKtpYIBc62mqo1GRSeq71QTaNd1clHF1TV3RzI= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=fail (p=none dis=none) header.from=linux.dev; spf=fail smtp.mailfrom=linux.dev; arc=none smtp.client-ip=66.220.155.179 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=fail (p=none dis=none) header.from=linux.dev Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=fail smtp.mailfrom=linux.dev Received: by devvm16039.vll0.facebook.com (Postfix, from userid 128203) id 71A4620A174CEE; Tue, 28 Jul 2026 22:01:59 -0700 (PDT) From: Yonghong Song To: bpf@vger.kernel.org Cc: Alexei Starovoitov , Andrii Nakryiko , Daniel Borkmann , Eduard Zingerman , kernel-team@fb.com, Leon Hwang Subject: [PATCH bpf-next v5 1/3] bpf: Reject >8 byte return values on return-reading trampoline paths Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 22:01:59 -0700 Message-ID: <20260729050159.2585809-1-yonghong.song@linux.dev> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.53.0 In-Reply-To: <20260729050154.2585468-1-yonghong.song@linux.dev> References: <20260729050154.2585468-1-yonghong.song@linux.dev> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: bpf@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable btf_distill_func_proto() builds the function model used for the fentry/fexit/fmod_ret/fsession trampolines and struct_ops. It has accepted a 16-byte __int128 return value since the trampoline was introduced: __get_type_size() returns the integer's type size, and the return-type check only rejected ret < 0. But the BPF trampoline preserves only 8 bytes of the return value (RAX on x86, i.e. R0). For an attach type that reads the target's return value th= e second half (RDX / R3) is neither saved nor restored, so a program attached to a function returning a 16-byte value corrupts the value seen by the real caller and itself observes only half of it. struct_ops trampolines have the same limitation. This affects the attach types that read the target's return value: fexit, fmod_ret and fsession (plus the _multi variants of fexit and fsession), and struct_ops. fentry/fentry_multi run before the target returns and are unaffected. Reject a >8 byte return value for these attach types in bpf_check_attach_target() and bpf_check_attach_btf_id_multi(), and for struct_ops in bpf_struct_ops_desc_init(). Fixes: fec56f5890d9 ("bpf: Introduce BPF trampoline") Acked-by: Leon Hwang Reviewed-by: Eduard Zingerman Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song --- kernel/bpf/bpf_struct_ops.c | 12 ++++++++++++ kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 37 insertions(+) diff --git a/kernel/bpf/bpf_struct_ops.c b/kernel/bpf/bpf_struct_ops.c index 51b16e5f5534..4e7a48c02be5 100644 --- a/kernel/bpf/bpf_struct_ops.c +++ b/kernel/bpf/bpf_struct_ops.c @@ -445,6 +445,18 @@ int bpf_struct_ops_desc_init(struct bpf_struct_ops_d= esc *st_ops_desc, goto errout; } =20 + /* + * A >8 byte return value is passed back in a register pair, + * which the struct_ops trampoline does not preserve (only + * 8 bytes of the return value are saved and restored). + */ + if (st_ops->func_models[i].ret_size > 8) { + pr_warn("func ptr %s in struct %s has a >8 byte return value, which i= s not supported\n", + mname, st_ops->name); + err =3D -EOPNOTSUPP; + goto errout; + } + stub_func_addr =3D *(void **)(st_ops->cfi_stubs + moff); err =3D prepare_arg_info(btf, st_ops->name, mname, func_proto, stub_func_addr, diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c index e6f35f4e715b..8d0635ee48c7 100644 --- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c +++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c @@ -19027,6 +19027,20 @@ btf_attach_func_proto(struct bpf_verifier_log *l= og, struct btf *btf, u32 func_id return btf_type_by_id(btf, func->type); } =20 +static bool attach_uses_trampoline_retval(enum bpf_attach_type type) +{ + switch (type) { + case BPF_MODIFY_RETURN: + case BPF_TRACE_FEXIT: + case BPF_TRACE_FEXIT_MULTI: + case BPF_TRACE_FSESSION: + case BPF_TRACE_FSESSION_MULTI: + return true; + default: + return false; + } +} + int bpf_check_attach_target(struct bpf_verifier_log *log, const struct bpf_prog *prog, const struct bpf_prog *tgt_prog, @@ -19291,6 +19305,14 @@ int bpf_check_attach_target(struct bpf_verifier_= log *log, if (ret < 0) return ret; =20 + if (tgt_info->fmodel.ret_size > 8 && + attach_uses_trampoline_retval(prog->expected_attach_type)) { + bpf_log(log, + "Attach to function %s with a >8 byte return value is not supported = for this attach type\n", + tname); + return -EOPNOTSUPP; + } + /* * *.multi programs don't need an address during program * verification, we just take the module ref if needed. @@ -19565,6 +19587,9 @@ int bpf_check_attach_btf_id_multi(struct btf *btf= , struct bpf_prog *prog, u32 bt err =3D btf_distill_func_proto(NULL, btf, t, tname, &tgt_info->fmodel); if (err < 0) return err; + if (tgt_info->fmodel.ret_size > 8 && + attach_uses_trampoline_retval(prog->expected_attach_type)) + return -EOPNOTSUPP; if (btf_is_module(btf)) { /* The bpf program already holds reference to module. */ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!prog->aux->mod)) --=20 2.53.0-Meta