[PATCH bpf-next v2 0/2] selftests/bpf: fix flaky build_id test

[PATCH bpf-next v2 0/2] selftests/bpf: fix flaky build_id test

[Gregory Bell]

The build_id selftest intermittently fails with the following error:

	./test_progs -t build_id/nofault-paged-out
	serial_test_build_id:PASS:parse_build_id 0 nsec
	subtest_nofault:PASS:skel_open 0 nsec
	subtest_nofault:PASS:link 0 nsec
	subtest_nofault:PASS:trigger_uprobe 0 nsec
	subtest_nofault:PASS:res 0 nsec
	subtest_nofault:FAIL:build_id_status unexpected build_id_status: actual 1 != expected 2
	46/1    build_id/nofault-paged-out:FAIL
	46      build_id:FAIL
	397     stacktrace_build_id:OK
	398     stacktrace_build_id_nmi:OK

On RHEL we consistently hit the reported failure on the first run of
the test following installation, after which subsequent runs pass.

This patch implements the approach discussed in the following thread:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAEf4BzYWVtfZh07iQm5Fo=kMm+8hgAu+rXRx1uLRHz07wc59+Q@mail.gmail.com/

Following the discussion, the fix makes the test verify eviction rather
than assuming it. In the discussion it was recommended to add a sleep before
and after the madvise operations, this did not resolve the issue in our case,
rather the test timed out every time. I was successful by retrying the
page-out sequence until the page is actually evicted.

Additionally, the mapping alignment is increased to
64K so the test operates on a properly page-aligned buffer across
supported architectures.

changelog:
 - fixed indentations
 - removed trailing whitespace
 - add space between opening and closing brackets
 
Gregory Bell (2):
  selftests/bpf: fix flaky build_id test
  selftests/bpf: align build_id test mapping to 64K page size

 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.c  | 19 ++++++++++++++++---
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.ld |  4 ++--
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

-- 
2.52.0

[PATCH bpf-next v2 1/2] selftests/bpf: fix flaky build_id test

[Gregory Bell]

The build_id selftest occasionally fails because MADV_PAGEOUT
does not guarantee the immediate eviction of the page. The test
assumes eviction happens and proceeds without verifying
that the page was actually reclaimed, leading to false test
failures.

Fix the test by retrying the page-out sequence until eviction
is successful, instead of relying on a single MADV_PAGEOUT attempt.

Signed-off-by: Gregory Bell <grbell@redhat.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.c | 19 ++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.c
index dd38dc68f635..3e58a86b8e25 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.c
@@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ int __attribute__((weak)) trigger_uprobe(bool build_id_resident)
 	int page_sz = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
 	void *addr;
 
+	unsigned char vec[1];
+	int poll = 0;
+
 	/* page-align build ID start */
 	addr = (void *)((uintptr_t)&build_id_start & ~(page_sz - 1));
 
@@ -108,9 +111,19 @@ int __attribute__((weak)) trigger_uprobe(bool build_id_resident)
 	 * do MADV_POPULATE_READ, and then MADV_PAGEOUT, if necessary
 	 */
 	madvise(addr, page_sz, MADV_POPULATE_READ);
-	if (!build_id_resident)
-		madvise(addr, page_sz, MADV_PAGEOUT);
-
+	if (!build_id_resident) {
+		do {
+			madvise(addr, page_sz, MADV_PAGEOUT);
+			/* check if page has been evicted */
+			mincore(addr, page_sz, vec);
+			if (!(vec[0] & 1))
+				break;
+			/* if page is still resident re-attempt MADV_POPULATE_READ/MADV_PAGEOUT */
+			madvise(addr, page_sz, MADV_POPULATE_READ);
+			poll++;
+			usleep(100);
+		} while (poll < 500);
+	}
 	(void)uprobe();
 
 	return 0;
-- 
2.52.0

[PATCH bpf-next v2 2/2] selftests/bpf: align build_id test mapping to 64K page size

[Gregory Bell]

Some architectures require mappings to be aligned to the system page size.
The build_id selftest currently uses a smaller alignment, which can result
in madvise operations executing on a different page than intended.

Increase the mapping alignment to 64K so the buffer is page-aligned on
all supported architectures.

Signed-off-by: Gregory Bell <grbell@redhat.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.ld | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.ld b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.ld
index a2e94828bc8c..2063714b2899 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.ld
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/uprobe_multi.ld
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 SECTIONS
 {
-	. = ALIGN(4096);
+	. = ALIGN(65536);
 	.note.gnu.build-id : { *(.note.gnu.build-id) }
-	. = ALIGN(4096);
+	. = ALIGN(65536);
 }
 INSERT AFTER .text;
 
-- 
2.52.0

Re: [PATCH bpf-next v2 0/2] selftests/bpf: fix flaky build_id test

[patchwork-bot+netdevbpf]

Hello:

This series was applied to bpf/bpf-next.git (master)
by Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>:

On Tue, 17 Feb 2026 09:32:35 -0500 you wrote:
> The build_id selftest intermittently fails with the following error:
> 
> 	./test_progs -t build_id/nofault-paged-out
> 	serial_test_build_id:PASS:parse_build_id 0 nsec
> 	subtest_nofault:PASS:skel_open 0 nsec
> 	subtest_nofault:PASS:link 0 nsec
> 	subtest_nofault:PASS:trigger_uprobe 0 nsec
> 	subtest_nofault:PASS:res 0 nsec
> 	subtest_nofault:FAIL:build_id_status unexpected build_id_status: actual 1 != expected 2
> 	46/1    build_id/nofault-paged-out:FAIL
> 	46      build_id:FAIL
> 	397     stacktrace_build_id:OK
> 	398     stacktrace_build_id_nmi:OK
> 
> [...]

Here is the summary with links:
  - [bpf-next,v2,1/2] selftests/bpf: fix flaky build_id test
    https://git.kernel.org/bpf/bpf-next/c/d820fa311482
  - [bpf-next,v2,2/2] selftests/bpf: align build_id test mapping to 64K page size
    https://git.kernel.org/bpf/bpf-next/c/18a1d365e825

You are awesome, thank you!
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