[PATCH v11 18/27] integrity/ima: Define ns_status for storing namespaced iint data

Stefan Berger
2022-03-02T13:50:17Z

From: Mehmet Kayaalp <mkayaalp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Add an rbtree to the IMA namespace structure that stores a namespaced
version of iint->flags in ns_status struct. Similar to the
integrity_iint_cache, both the iint and ns_status are looked up using the
inode pointer value. The lookup, allocate, and insertion code is also
similar.

In subsequent patches we will have to find all ns_status entries an iint
is being used in and reset flags there. To do this, connect a list of
ns_status to the integrity_iint_cache and provide a reader-writer
lock in the integrity_iint_cache to lock access to the list.

To simplify the code in the non-namespaces case embed an ns_status in
the integrity_iint_cache and have it linked into the iint's ns_status list
when calling ima_get_ns_status().

When getting an ns_status first try to find it in the RB tree. Here we can
run into the situation that an ns_status found in the RB tree has a
different iint associated with it for the same inode. In this case we need
to delete the ns_status structure and get a new one.

There are two cases for freeing:
- when the iint is freed (inode deletion): Walk the list of ns_status
entries and disconnect each ns_status from the list; take the
writer lock to protect access to the list; also, take the item off the
per-namespace rbtree

- when the ima_namepace is freed: While walking the rbtree, remove the
ns_status from the list while also holding the iint's writer lock;
to be able to grab the lock we have to have a pointer to the iint on
the ns_status structure.

To avoid an ns_status to be freed by the two cases concurrently, prevent
these two cases to run concurrently. Therefore, groups of threads
deleting either inodes or ima_namespaces are allowed to run concurrently
but no two threads may run and one delete an inode and the other an
ima_namespace.

Signed-off-by: Mehmet Kayaalp <mkayaalp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>

---
v9:
- Move ns_status into integrity.h and embedded it into integrity_iint_cache
for the non-CONFIG_IMA_NS case
---
include/linux/ima.h | 7 +
security/integrity/iint.c | 7 +
security/integrity/ima/Makefile | 2 +-
security/integrity/ima/ima.h | 18 ++
security/integrity/ima/ima_init_ima_ns.c | 5 +
security/integrity/ima/ima_ns.c | 1 +
security/integrity/ima/ima_ns_status.c | 344 +++++++++++++++++++++++
security/integrity/integrity.h | 35 ++-
8 files changed, 417 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 security/integrity/ima/ima_ns_status.c

diff --git a/include/linux/ima.h b/include/linux/ima.h
index 76d19995ab89..b9301e2aaa8b 100644
--- a/include/linux/ima.h
+++ b/include/linux/ima.h
@@ -225,12 +225,19 @@ static inline bool ima_appraise_signature(enum kernel_read_file_id func)

void free_ima_ns(struct user_namespace *ns);

+void ima_free_ns_status_list(struct list_head *head, rwlock_t *ns_list_lock);
+
#else

static inline void free_ima_ns(struct user_namespace *user_ns)
{
}

+static inline void ima_free_ns_status_list(struct list_head *head,
+ rwlock_t *ns_list_lock)
+{
+}
+
#endif /* CONFIG_IMA_NS */

#endif /* _LINUX_IMA_H */
diff --git a/security/integrity/iint.c b/security/integrity/iint.c
index 8638976f7990..371cbceaf479 100644
--- a/security/integrity/iint.c
+++ b/security/integrity/iint.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/lsm_hooks.h>
+#include <linux/ima.h>
#include "integrity.h"

static struct rb_root integrity_iint_tree = RB_ROOT;
@@ -82,6 +83,8 @@ static void iint_free(struct integrity_iint_cache *iint)
iint->ima_creds_status = INTEGRITY_UNKNOWN;
iint->evm_status = INTEGRITY_UNKNOWN;
iint->measured_pcrs = 0;
+ rwlock_init(&iint->ns_list_lock);
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&iint->ns_list);
kmem_cache_free(iint_cache, iint);
}

@@ -155,6 +158,8 @@ void integrity_inode_free(struct inode *inode)
rb_erase(&iint->rb_node, &integrity_iint_tree);
write_unlock(&integrity_iint_lock);

+ ima_free_ns_status_list(&iint->ns_list, &iint->ns_list_lock);
+
iint_free(iint);
}

@@ -170,6 +175,8 @@ static void init_once(void *foo)
iint->ima_creds_status = INTEGRITY_UNKNOWN;
iint->evm_status = INTEGRITY_UNKNOWN;
mutex_init(&iint->mutex);
+ rwlock_init(&iint->ns_list_lock);
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&iint->ns_list);
}

static int __init integrity_iintcache_init(void)
diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/Makefile b/security/integrity/ima/Makefile
index b86a35fbed60..edfb0c30a063 100644
--- a/security/integrity/ima/Makefile
+++ b/security/integrity/ima/Makefile
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ima-$(CONFIG_HAVE_IMA_KEXEC) += ima_kexec.o
ima-$(CONFIG_IMA_BLACKLIST_KEYRING) += ima_mok.o
ima-$(CONFIG_IMA_MEASURE_ASYMMETRIC_KEYS) += ima_asymmetric_keys.o
ima-$(CONFIG_IMA_QUEUE_EARLY_BOOT_KEYS) += ima_queue_keys.o
-ima-$(CONFIG_IMA_NS) += ima_ns.o
+ima-$(CONFIG_IMA_NS) += ima_ns.o ima_ns_status.o

ifeq ($(CONFIG_EFI),y)
ima-$(CONFIG_IMA_SECURE_AND_OR_TRUSTED_BOOT) += ima_efi.o
diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima.h b/security/integrity/ima/ima.h
index 3e77738aec2c..7a08fdce7ebc 100644
--- a/security/integrity/ima/ima.h
+++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima.h
@@ -127,6 +127,10 @@ struct ima_namespace {
/* Bit numbers for above flags; use BIT() to get flag */
#define IMA_NS_LSM_UPDATE_RULES 0

+ struct rb_root ns_status_tree;
+ rwlock_t ns_tree_lock;
+ struct kmem_cache *ns_status_cache;
+
/* policy rules */
struct list_head ima_default_rules; /* Kconfig, builtin & arch rules */
struct list_head ima_policy_rules; /* arch & custom rules */
@@ -511,6 +515,12 @@ static inline struct ima_namespace

struct ima_namespace *create_ima_ns(void);

+struct ns_status *ima_get_ns_status(struct ima_namespace *ns,
+ struct inode *inode,
+ struct integrity_iint_cache *iint);
+
+void ima_free_ns_status_tree(struct ima_namespace *ns);
+
#else

static inline struct ima_namespace *create_ima_ns(void)
@@ -519,6 +529,14 @@ static inline struct ima_namespace *create_ima_ns(void)
return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
}

+static inline struct ns_status *ima_get_ns_status
+ (struct ima_namespace *ns,
+ struct inode *inode,
+ struct integrity_iint_cache *iint)
+{
+ return NULL;
+}
+
#endif /* CONFIG_IMA_NS */

#endif /* __LINUX_IMA_H */
diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_init_ima_ns.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_init_ima_ns.c
index b497062090cf..41e7db0c9749 100644
--- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_init_ima_ns.c
+++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_init_ima_ns.c
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ int ima_init_namespace(struct ima_namespace *ns)
{
int ret;

+ ns->ns_status_tree = RB_ROOT;
+ rwlock_init(&ns->ns_tree_lock);
+ /* Use KMEM_CACHE for simplicity */
+ ns->ns_status_cache = KMEM_CACHE(ns_status, SLAB_PANIC);
+
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ns->ima_default_rules);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ns->ima_policy_rules);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ns->ima_temp_rules);
diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_ns.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_ns.c
index b3b81a1e313e..29af6fea2d74 100644
--- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_ns.c
+++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_ns.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ static void destroy_ima_ns(struct ima_namespace *ns)
unregister_blocking_lsm_notifier(&ns->ima_lsm_policy_notifier);
kfree(ns->arch_policy_entry);
ima_free_policy_rules(ns);
+ ima_free_ns_status_tree(ns);
}

void free_ima_ns(struct user_namespace *user_ns)
diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_ns_status.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_ns_status.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9c753caad6ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_ns_status.c
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016-2021 IBM Corporation
+ * Author:
+ * Yuqiong Sun <suny@us.ibm.com>
+ * Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/user_namespace.h>
+#include <linux/ima.h>
+
+#include "ima.h"
+
+/*
+ * An ns_status must be on a per-namespace rbtree and on a per-iint list.
+ *
+ * Locking order for ns_status:
+ * 1) ns->ns_tree_lock : Lock the rbtree
+ * 2) iint->ns_list_lock: Lock the list
+ *
+ * An ns_status can be freed either by walking the rbtree (namespace deletion)
+ * or by walking the linked list of ns_status (inode/iint deletion). There are
+ * two functions that implement each one of the cases. To avoid concurrent
+ * freeing of the same ns_status, the two freeing paths cannot be run
+ * concurrently but each path can be run by multiple threads since no two
+ * threads will free the same inode/iint and no two threads will free the same
+ * namespace. Grouping threads like this ensures that:
+ * - while walking the rbtree: all ns_status will be on their list and the iint
+ * will still exist
+ * - while walking the list: all ns_status will be on their rbtree
+ */
+enum lk_group {
+ GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST = 0,
+ GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE
+};
+
+static atomic_t lg_ctr[2] = {
+ ATOMIC_INIT(0),
+ ATOMIC_INIT(0)
+};
+
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lg_ctr_lock);
+
+static struct wait_queue_head lg_wq[2] = {
+ __WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD_INITIALIZER(lg_wq[0]),
+ __WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD_INITIALIZER(lg_wq[1])
+};
+
+static atomic_t ns_list_waiters = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
+
+/*
+ * Any number of concurrent threads may free ns_status's in either one of the
+ * groups but the groups must not run concurrently. The GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE
+ * group yields to waiters in the GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST group since namespace
+ * deletion has more time.
+ */
+static void lock_group(enum lk_group group)
+{
+ unsigned long flags;
+ bool done = false;
+ int announced = 0;
+
+ while (1) {
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&lg_ctr_lock, flags);
+
+ switch (group) {
+ case GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST:
+ if (atomic_read(&lg_ctr[GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE]) == 0) {
+ if (announced)
+ atomic_dec(&ns_list_waiters);
+ done = true;
+ atomic_inc(&lg_ctr[GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST]);
+ } else {
+ /* rbtree being deleted; announce waiting */
+ if (!announced) {
+ atomic_inc(&ns_list_waiters);
+ announced = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ case GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE:
+ if (atomic_read(&lg_ctr[GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST]) == 0 &&
+ atomic_read(&ns_list_waiters) == 0) {
+ done = true;
+ atomic_inc(&lg_ctr[GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE]);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lg_ctr_lock, flags);
+
+ if (done)
+ break;
+
+ /* wait until opposite group is done */
+ switch (group) {
+ case GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST:
+ wait_event_interruptible
+ (lg_wq[GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST],
+ atomic_read(&lg_ctr[GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE]) == 0);
+ break;
+ case GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE:
+ wait_event_interruptible
+ (lg_wq[GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE],
+ atomic_read(&lg_ctr[GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST]) == 0 &&
+ atomic_read(&ns_list_waiters) == 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void unlock_group(enum lk_group group)
+{
+ switch (group) {
+ case GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST:
+ if (atomic_dec_and_test(&lg_ctr[GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST]))
+ wake_up_interruptible_all(&lg_wq[GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE]);
+ break;
+ case GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE:
+ if (atomic_dec_and_test(&lg_ctr[GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE]))
+ wake_up_interruptible_all(&lg_wq[GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST]);
+ break;
+ }
+}
+
+static void ns_status_free(struct ima_namespace *ns,
+ struct ns_status *ns_status)
+{
+ pr_debug("FREE ns_status: %p\n", ns_status);
+
+ kmem_cache_free(ns->ns_status_cache, ns_status);
+}
+
+/*
+ * ima_free_ns_status_tree - free all items on the ns_status_tree and take each
+ * one off the list; yield to ns_list free'ers
+ *
+ * This function is called when an ima_namespace is freed. All entries in the
+ * rbtree will be taken off their list and collected in a garbage collection
+ * list and freed at the end. This allows to walk the rbtree again.
+ */
+void ima_free_ns_status_tree(struct ima_namespace *ns)
+{
+ struct ns_status *ns_status, *next;
+ struct llist_node *node;
+ LLIST_HEAD(garbage);
+ unsigned int ctr;
+ bool restart;
+
+ do {
+ ctr = 0;
+ restart = false;
+
+ lock_group(GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE);
+ write_lock(&ns->ns_tree_lock);
+
+ rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(ns_status, next,
+ &ns->ns_status_tree,
+ rb_node) {
+ write_lock(&ns_status->iint->ns_list_lock);
+ if (!list_empty(&ns_status->ns_next)) {
+ list_del_init(&ns_status->ns_next);
+ llist_add(&ns_status->gc_llist, &garbage);
+ ctr++;
+ }
+ write_unlock(&ns_status->iint->ns_list_lock);
+
+ /*
+ * After some progress yield to any waiting ns_list
+ * free'ers.
+ */
+ if (atomic_read(&ns_list_waiters) > 0 && ctr >= 5) {
+ restart = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ write_unlock(&ns->ns_tree_lock);
+ unlock_group(GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE);
+ } while (restart);
+
+ node = llist_del_all(&garbage);
+ llist_for_each_entry_safe(ns_status, next, node, gc_llist)
+ ns_status_free(ns, ns_status);
+
+ kmem_cache_destroy(ns->ns_status_cache);
+}
+
+/*
+ * ima_free_ns_status_list: free the list of ns_status items and take
+ * each one off its namespace rbtree
+ */
+void ima_free_ns_status_list(struct list_head *head, rwlock_t *ns_list_lock)
+{
+ struct ns_status *ns_status;
+
+ lock_group(GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST);
+
+ while (1) {
+ write_lock(ns_list_lock);
+ ns_status = list_first_entry_or_null(head, struct ns_status,
+ ns_next);
+ if (ns_status)
+ list_del_init(&ns_status->ns_next);
+ write_unlock(ns_list_lock);
+
+ if (!ns_status)
+ break;
+
+ write_lock(&ns_status->ns->ns_tree_lock);
+
+ rb_erase(&ns_status->rb_node, &ns_status->ns->ns_status_tree);
+ RB_CLEAR_NODE(&ns_status->rb_node);
+
+ write_unlock(&ns_status->ns->ns_tree_lock);
+
+ ns_status_free(ns_status->ns, ns_status);
+ }
+
+ unlock_group(GRP_NS_STATUS_LIST);
+}
+
+/*
+ * ns_status_find - return the ns_status associated with an inode;
+ * caller must hold lock for tree
+ */
+static struct ns_status *ns_status_find(struct ima_namespace *ns,
+ struct inode *inode)
+{
+ struct ns_status *ns_status;
+ struct rb_node *n = ns->ns_status_tree.rb_node;
+
+ while (n) {
+ ns_status = rb_entry(n, struct ns_status, rb_node);
+
+ if (inode < ns_status->inode)
+ n = n->rb_left;
+ else if (inode > ns_status->inode)
+ n = n->rb_right;
+ else
+ break;
+ }
+ if (!n)
+ return NULL;
+
+ return ns_status;
+}
+
+static void insert_ns_status(struct ima_namespace *ns, struct inode *inode,
+ struct ns_status *ns_status)
+{
+ struct rb_node **p;
+ struct rb_node *node, *parent = NULL;
+ struct ns_status *test_status;
+
+ p = &ns->ns_status_tree.rb_node;
+ while (*p) {
+ parent = *p;
+ test_status = rb_entry(parent, struct ns_status, rb_node);
+ if (inode < test_status->inode)
+ p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+ else
+ p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+ }
+ node = &ns_status->rb_node;
+ rb_link_node(node, parent, p);
+ rb_insert_color(node, &ns->ns_status_tree);
+}
+
+static void ns_status_unlink(struct ima_namespace *ns,
+ struct ns_status *ns_status)
+{
+ write_lock(&ns_status->iint->ns_list_lock);
+ if (!list_empty(&ns_status->ns_next))
+ list_del_init(&ns_status->ns_next);
+ write_unlock(&ns_status->iint->ns_list_lock);
+
+ rb_erase(&ns_status->rb_node, &ns->ns_status_tree);
+ RB_CLEAR_NODE(&ns_status->rb_node);
+}
+
+struct ns_status *ima_get_ns_status(struct ima_namespace *ns,
+ struct inode *inode,
+ struct integrity_iint_cache *iint)
+{
+ struct ns_status *ns_status;
+ bool get_new = true;
+
+ /*
+ * Prevent finding the status via the list (inode/iint deletion) since
+ * we may free it.
+ */
+ lock_group(GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE);
+
+ write_lock(&ns->ns_tree_lock);
+
+ ns_status = ns_status_find(ns, inode);
+ if (ns_status) {
+ if (unlikely(ns_status->iint != iint)) {
+ /* Same inode but stale iint: free it and get new */
+ ns_status_unlink(ns, ns_status);
+ ns_status_free(ns, ns_status);
+ } else if (inode->i_ino == ns_status->i_ino &&
+ inode->i_generation == ns_status->i_generation) {
+ goto unlock;
+ } else {
+ /* Reuse of ns_status is possible but need reset */
+ ns_status_reset(ns_status);
+ get_new = false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (get_new) {
+ ns_status = kmem_cache_alloc(ns->ns_status_cache, GFP_NOFS);
+ if (!ns_status) {
+ ns_status = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+ goto unlock;
+ }
+
+ pr_debug("NEW ns_status: %p\n", ns_status);
+
+ ns_status_init(ns_status);
+ insert_ns_status(ns, inode, ns_status);
+ }
+
+ ns_status->iint = iint;
+ ns_status->inode = inode;
+ ns_status->ns = ns;
+ ns_status->i_ino = inode->i_ino;
+ ns_status->i_generation = inode->i_generation;
+
+ /* make visible on list */
+ write_lock(&iint->ns_list_lock);
+ if (list_empty(&ns_status->ns_next))
+ list_add_tail(&ns_status->ns_next, &iint->ns_list);
+ write_unlock(&iint->ns_list_lock);
+
+unlock:
+ write_unlock(&ns->ns_tree_lock);
+
+ unlock_group(GRP_NS_STATUS_TREE);
+
+ return ns_status;
+}
diff --git a/security/integrity/integrity.h b/security/integrity/integrity.h
index 547425c20e11..b7d5ca108900 100644
--- a/security/integrity/integrity.h
+++ b/security/integrity/integrity.h
@@ -122,13 +122,39 @@ struct signature_v2_hdr {
uint8_t sig[]; /* signature payload */
} __packed;

+/* integrity status of an inode in a namespace */
+struct ns_status {
+ struct list_head ns_next;
+ unsigned long flags; /* flags split with iint */
+#ifdef CONFIG_IMA_NS
+ struct rb_node rb_node;
+ struct integrity_iint_cache *iint;
+ struct inode *inode;
+ struct ima_namespace *ns;
+ ino_t i_ino;
+ u32 i_generation;
+ struct llist_node gc_llist; /* used while freeing */
+#endif
+};
+
+static inline void ns_status_reset(struct ns_status *ns_status)
+{
+ ns_status->flags = 0;
+}
+
+static inline void ns_status_init(struct ns_status *ns_status)
+{
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ns_status->ns_next);
+ ns_status_reset(ns_status);
+}
+
/* integrity data associated with an inode */
struct integrity_iint_cache {
struct rb_node rb_node; /* rooted in integrity_iint_tree */
struct mutex mutex; /* protects: version, flags, digest */
struct inode *inode; /* back pointer to inode in question */
u64 version; /* track inode changes */
- unsigned long flags;
+ unsigned long flags; /* flags split with ns_status */
unsigned long measured_pcrs;
unsigned long atomic_flags;
enum integrity_status ima_file_status:4;
@@ -138,6 +164,13 @@ struct integrity_iint_cache {
enum integrity_status ima_creds_status:4;
enum integrity_status evm_status:4;
struct ima_digest_data *ima_hash;
+
+ /*
+ * Lock and list of ns_status for files shared by different
+ * namespaces
+ */
+ rwlock_t ns_list_lock;
+ struct list_head ns_list;
};

/* rbtree tree calls to lookup, insert, delete
--
2.31.1