[PATCH 08/14] xfs: test xfs_healer can report file media errors

Darrick J. Wong
2026-03-10T03:52:13Z

From: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>

Make sure that xfs_healer can actually report media errors as found by the
kernel.

Signed-off-by: "Darrick J. Wong" <djwong@kernel.org>
---
tests/xfs/1897 | 172 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
tests/xfs/1897.out | 7 ++
2 files changed, 179 insertions(+)
create mode 100755 tests/xfs/1897
create mode 100755 tests/xfs/1897.out

diff --git a/tests/xfs/1897 b/tests/xfs/1897
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000000..4670c333a2d82c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/xfs/1897
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+# Copyright (c) 2024-2026 Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# FS QA Test No. 1897
+#
+# Check that xfs_healer can report media errors.
+
+. ./common/preamble
+_begin_fstest auto quick scrub eio selfhealing
+
+_cleanup()
+{
+ cd /
+ rm -f $tmp.*
+ _dmerror_cleanup
+}
+
+. ./common/fuzzy
+. ./common/filter
+. ./common/dmerror
+. ./common/systemd
+
+_require_scratch
+_require_scrub
+_require_dm_target error
+_require_command "$XFS_HEALER_PROG" "xfs_healer"
+_require_xfs_io_command verifymedia
+
+filter_healer() {
+ _filter_scratch | \
+ grep -E '(media failed|media error)' | \
+ sed \
+ -e 's/datadev/DEVICE/g' \
+ -e 's/rtdev/DEVICE/g' \
+ -e 's/ino [0-9]*/ino NUM/g' \
+ -e 's/gen 0x[0-9a-f]*/gen NUM/g' \
+ -e 's/pos [0-9]*/pos NUM/g' \
+ -e 's/len [0-9]*/len NUM/g' \
+ -e 's/0x[0-9a-f]*/NUM/g' \
+ -e 's|SCRATCH_MNT/a|VICTIM|g' \
+ -e 's|SCRATCH_MNT ino NUM gen NUM|VICTIM|g'
+}
+
+filter_verify() {
+ sed -e 's/\([a-z]*dev\): verify error at offset \([0-9]*\) length \([0-9]*\)/DEVICE: verify error at offset XXX length XXX/g'
+}
+
+_scratch_mkfs >> $seqres.full
+
+# The dm-error map added by this test doesn't work on zoned devices because
+# table sizes need to be aligned to the zone size, and even for zoned on
+# conventional this test will get confused because of the internal RT device.
+#
+# That check requires a mounted file system, so do a dummy mount before setting
+# up DM.
+_scratch_mount
+_require_xfs_scratch_non_zoned
+_require_xfs_healer $SCRATCH_MNT
+_scratch_unmount
+
+_dmerror_init
+_dmerror_mount
+
+# Write a file with 4 file blocks worth of data, figure out the LBA to target
+victim=$SCRATCH_MNT/a
+file_blksz=$(_get_file_block_size $SCRATCH_MNT)
+$XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0x58 0 $((4 * file_blksz))" -c "fsync" $victim >> $seqres.full
+unset errordev
+verifymediadev="-d"
+
+awk_len_prog='{print $6}'
+if _xfs_is_realtime_file $victim; then
+ if ! _xfs_has_feature $SCRATCH_MNT rtgroups; then
+ awk_len_prog='{print $4}'
+ fi
+ errordev="RT"
+ verifymediadev="-r"
+fi
+bmap_str="$($XFS_IO_PROG -c "bmap -elpv" $victim | grep "^[[:space:]]*0:")"
+echo "$errordev:$bmap_str" >> $seqres.full
+
+phys="$(echo "$bmap_str" | $AWK_PROG '{print $3}')"
+len="$(echo "$bmap_str" | $AWK_PROG "$awk_len_prog")"
+
+fs_blksz=$(_get_block_size $SCRATCH_MNT)
+echo "file_blksz:$file_blksz:fs_blksz:$fs_blksz" >> $seqres.full
+kernel_sectors_per_fs_block=$((fs_blksz / 512))
+
+# Did we get at least 4 fs blocks worth of extent?
+min_len_sectors=$(( 4 * kernel_sectors_per_fs_block ))
+test "$len" -lt $min_len_sectors && \
+ _fail "could not format a long enough extent on an empty fs??"
+
+phys_start=$(echo "$phys" | sed -e 's/\.\..*//g')
+
+echo "$errordev:$phys:$len:$fs_blksz:$phys_start" >> $seqres.full
+echo "victim file:" >> $seqres.full
+od -tx1 -Ad -c $victim >> $seqres.full
+
+# Set the dmerror table so that all IO will pass through.
+_dmerror_reset_table
+
+cat >> $seqres.full << ENDL
+dmerror before:
+$DMERROR_TABLE
+$DMERROR_RTTABLE
+<end table>
+ENDL
+
+# All sector numbers that we feed to the kernel must be in units of 512b, but
+# they also must be aligned to the device's logical block size.
+logical_block_size=`$here/src/min_dio_alignment $SCRATCH_MNT $SCRATCH_DEV`
+kernel_sectors_per_device_lba=$((logical_block_size / 512))
+
+# Pretend as bad one of the device LBAs in the middle of the extent. Target
+# the second LBA of the third block of the four-block file extent that we
+# allocated earlier, but without overflowing into the fourth file block.
+bad_sector=$(( phys_start + (2 * kernel_sectors_per_fs_block) ))
+bad_len=$kernel_sectors_per_device_lba
+if (( kernel_sectors_per_device_lba < kernel_sectors_per_fs_block )); then
+ bad_sector=$((bad_sector + kernel_sectors_per_device_lba))
+fi
+if (( (bad_sector % kernel_sectors_per_device_lba) != 0)); then
+ echo "bad_sector $bad_sector not congruent with device logical block size $logical_block_size"
+fi
+_dmerror_mark_range_bad $bad_sector $bad_len $errordev
+
+cat >> $seqres.full << ENDL
+dmerror after marking bad:
+$DMERROR_TABLE
+$DMERROR_RTTABLE
+<end table>
+ENDL
+
+_dmerror_load_error_table
+
+echo "Simulate media error"
+_scratch_invoke_xfs_healer "$tmp.healer"
+echo "verifymedia $verifymediadev -R $((bad_sector * 512)) $(((bad_sector + bad_len) * 512))" >> $seqres.full
+$XFS_IO_PROG -x -c "verifymedia $verifymediadev -R $((bad_sector * 512)) $(((bad_sector + bad_len) * 512))" $SCRATCH_MNT 2>&1 | filter_verify
+
+# Now mark the bad range good so that a retest shows no media failure.
+_dmerror_mark_range_good $bad_sector $bad_len $errordev
+_dmerror_load_error_table
+
+cat >> $seqres.full << ENDL
+dmerror after marking good:
+$DMERROR_TABLE
+$DMERROR_RTTABLE
+<end table>
+ENDL
+
+echo "No more media error"
+echo "verifymedia $verifymediadev -R $((bad_sector * 512)) $(((bad_sector + bad_len) * 512))" >> $seqres.full
+$XFS_IO_PROG -x -c "verifymedia $verifymediadev -R $((bad_sector * 512)) $(((bad_sector + bad_len) * 512))" $SCRATCH_MNT >> $seqres.full
+
+# Unmount filesystem to start fresh
+echo "Kill healer"
+_scratch_kill_xfs_healer _dmerror_unmount
+
+# filesystems without rmap do not translate media errors to lost file ranges
+# so fake the output
+_xfs_has_feature "$SCRATCH_DEV" rmapbt || \
+ echo "VICTIM pos 0 len 0: media failed" >> $tmp.healer
+
+cat $tmp.healer >> $seqres.full
+cat $tmp.healer | filter_healer
+
+# success, all done
+status=0
+exit
diff --git a/tests/xfs/1897.out b/tests/xfs/1897.out
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000000..1bb615c3119dce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/xfs/1897.out
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+QA output created by 1897
+Simulate media error
+DEVICE: verify error at offset XXX length XXX: Input/output error
+No more media error
+Kill healer
+SCRATCH_MNT DEVICE daddr NUM bbcount NUM: media error
+VICTIM pos NUM len NUM: media failed