[PATCH 1/3] patch-id: make it stable against hunk reordering

["Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>]

Patch id changes if you reorder hunks in a diff.
As the result is functionally equivalent, this is surprising to many
people.
In particular, reordering hunks is helpful to make patches
more readable (e.g. API header diff before implementation diff).

Change patch-id behaviour making it stable against
hunk reodering:
	- prepend header to each hunk (if not there)
	- calculate SHA1 hash for each hunk separately
	- sum all hashes to get patch id

Add a new flag --unstable to get the historical behaviour.

Add --stable which is a nop, for symmetry.

Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
---
 builtin/patch-id.c | 71 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 55 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/builtin/patch-id.c b/builtin/patch-id.c
index 3cfe02d..253ad87 100644
--- a/builtin/patch-id.c
+++ b/builtin/patch-id.c
@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 
-static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, git_SHA_CTX *c)
+static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, unsigned char *result)
 {
-	unsigned char result[20];
 	char name[50];
 
 	if (!patchlen)
 		return;
 
-	git_SHA1_Final(result, c);
 	memcpy(name, sha1_to_hex(id), 41);
 	printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(result), name);
-	git_SHA1_Init(c);
 }
 
 static int remove_space(char *line)
@@ -56,10 +53,30 @@ static int scan_hunk_header(const char *p, int *p_before, int *p_after)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, git_SHA_CTX *ctx, struct strbuf *line_buf)
+static void flush_one_hunk(unsigned char *result, git_SHA_CTX *ctx)
 {
-	int patchlen = 0, found_next = 0;
+	unsigned char hash[20];
+	unsigned short carry = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	git_SHA1_Final(hash, ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Init(ctx);
+	/* 20-byte sum, with carry */
+	for (i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
+		carry += result[i] + hash[i];
+		result[i] = carry;
+		carry >>= 8;
+	}
+}
+static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, unsigned char *result,
+			   struct strbuf *line_buf, int stable)
+{
+	int patchlen = 0, found_next = 0, hunks = 0;
 	int before = -1, after = -1;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx, header_ctx;
+
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	hashclr(result);
 
 	while (strbuf_getwholeline(line_buf, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
 		char *line = line_buf->buf;
@@ -99,6 +116,18 @@ static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, git_SHA_CTX *ctx, struct st
 			if (!memcmp(line, "@@ -", 4)) {
 				/* Parse next hunk, but ignore line numbers.  */
 				scan_hunk_header(line, &before, &after);
+				if (stable) {
+					if (hunks) {
+						flush_one_hunk(result, &ctx);
+						memcpy(&ctx, &header_ctx,
+						       sizeof ctx);
+					} else {
+						/* Save ctx for next hunk.  */
+						memcpy(&header_ctx, &ctx,
+						       sizeof ctx);
+					}
+				}
+				hunks++;
 				continue;
 			}
 
@@ -107,7 +136,10 @@ static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, git_SHA_CTX *ctx, struct st
 				break;
 
 			/* Else we're parsing another header.  */
+			if (stable && hunks)
+				flush_one_hunk(result, &ctx);
 			before = after = -1;
+			hunks = 0;
 		}
 
 		/* If we get here, we're inside a hunk.  */
@@ -119,39 +151,46 @@ static int get_one_patchid(unsigned char *next_sha1, git_SHA_CTX *ctx, struct st
 		/* Compute the sha without whitespace */
 		len = remove_space(line);
 		patchlen += len;
-		git_SHA1_Update(ctx, line, len);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, line, len);
 	}
 
 	if (!found_next)
 		hashclr(next_sha1);
 
+	flush_one_hunk(result, &ctx);
+
 	return patchlen;
 }
 
-static void generate_id_list(void)
+static void generate_id_list(int stable)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20], n[20];
-	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	unsigned char sha1[20], n[20], result[20];
 	int patchlen;
 	struct strbuf line_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
 	hashclr(sha1);
 	while (!feof(stdin)) {
-		patchlen = get_one_patchid(n, &ctx, &line_buf);
-		flush_current_id(patchlen, sha1, &ctx);
+		patchlen = get_one_patchid(n, result, &line_buf, stable);
+		flush_current_id(patchlen, sha1, result);
 		hashcpy(sha1, n);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&line_buf);
 }
 
-static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git patch-id < patch";
+static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git patch-id [--stable | --unstable] < patch";
 
 int cmd_patch_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	if (argc != 1)
+	int stable;
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--stable"))
+		stable = 1;
+	else if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--unstable"))
+		stable = 0;
+	else if (argc == 1)
+		stable = 1;
+	else
 		usage(patch_id_usage);
 
-	generate_id_list();
+	generate_id_list(stable);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
MST