From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from mail-yw1-f171.google.com (mail-yw1-f171.google.com [209.85.128.171]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 955FE168BD for ; Mon, 4 May 2026 06:13:08 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=209.85.128.171 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1777875190; cv=none; b=bu50pRmbZTANRMcGHLtZalcCEHyJobmkcMcK5QYlIojlbFltw3/wyU9qretH+8Y1Bnuaa6rK1dG1LWpOnc2jSBiQ7QRqJ4vJKn51uBghUBHtaUKHayezRbx9VLFlwiKN7Tln0jz6LGVmOtLgUmumDYeBXXmjFP/rTfvtIOaCtK4= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1777875190; c=relaxed/simple; bh=RuBiCnttGctTLJBVaMheuvH87TtWfMziDiNO/2Czq5A=; h=Message-ID:Date:MIME-Version:Subject:To:Cc:References:From: In-Reply-To:Content-Type; b=G4S8V9P+8hMAWZC8062y1j67ncMeXKU5GmUzVYgDuZfm01E1b8xySUqTzfkAKNR7A0TfwIhPQfQqMFTJjeqLS4Ev8Y5BvqFMPR5ZeqYEY2hfn5X+fypDGUlh0k/dDj6F3mSfnedzeCy6WknM6GQJf1FI24T61B9FVk0lJDnf3Dw= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=gmail.com; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=gmail.com; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com header.i=@gmail.com header.b=nCCTkPeZ; arc=none smtp.client-ip=209.85.128.171 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=gmail.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=gmail.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com header.i=@gmail.com header.b="nCCTkPeZ" Received: by mail-yw1-f171.google.com with SMTP id 00721157ae682-797ab169454so35070227b3.3 for ; Sun, 03 May 2026 23:13:08 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20251104; t=1777875187; x=1778479987; darn=lists.linux.dev; h=in-reply-to:autocrypt:from:content-language:references:cc:to :subject:user-agent:mime-version:date:message-id:from:to:cc:subject :date:message-id:reply-to; bh=VNdiy90Bulaa5zPwhj+Zg6BKU13jB7RQS8BE5blH9+I=; b=nCCTkPeZyURaC/CqJ6a/Htb9VDoU/b/bJvH34uFieil4MnGr2XihUFQzhh1nXSZdyZ OG0c6UvSnzZRpo/neiNfqmj4G5CtewukXTrAx2Vk87SeKf65b9nRfAQt4iaGRZblGXTO HKQ5Sd7LCJKNZAgKGbxP6QDOmJ7LNrLXuXqDa0mOAJY55mdf3okVJWiGcHAZb2sael2+ ot3e8tTPnvD690qcfM2lZKGgONACepCkHBuBNInaPujlmL1e7wWPZTeo0cb7GeRXG4WP W2vzpCnWQTWmBbO6cV2G0QDBULERF4QCY+fF3u4LYFoXIdWKnPXpxXD7xgs1oDXtF3vF kbHQ== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20251104; t=1777875187; x=1778479987; h=in-reply-to:autocrypt:from:content-language:references:cc:to :subject:user-agent:mime-version:date:message-id:x-gm-gg :x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=VNdiy90Bulaa5zPwhj+Zg6BKU13jB7RQS8BE5blH9+I=; b=GjOTPC8VO/5ppiSRFCTzJ3mgsbT2gYfhTYC7ivIr+o4gllE1eKJupzMTLATPTKa36I GQswLEnuNM+dqfuCy1kOumJt6IgZC51qSPIVdjau8hQODyU2r91gUzxDRffnVtTbL0Kq tEOAs5+rRt3KuxteVhi0Lp2fSXCAkcCZc28pRHF33L393jPmwR3f8l4RkT2eAAP5C4zq bTNpW2GuDi43BI7be35PpepTPu1KzOzq3dMJDnKH35AVICPCQ1y0ZEE+N6nC0Ixz2WgR hKz3taeIwr7kZAewZHHC44GsqeuxudzVBr8j+92ipLLS9ypzWoCIky7UdiMoSBCnj3tp 7E4A== X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=1; AFNElJ/oWmrlozamPWtjQqrRg+KguoZGBja0/OdEf4rrvosgPSZy2RWhLJUeU4XD7Ggb8bGWyOA=@lists.linux.dev X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YzeIVuyciW7A+uumzeD8Fzlsdln2enbjyZRZa9SD7FHSCPj0jRy XgFtJj7QXxvQfZ+j5s4d20sX03CfM2jB0wMSnE6QCjJ1WE+4SXRQIHy0 X-Gm-Gg: AeBDievyg6fVO+6+/mYcYLvVibCgeb3lFxMVLwod8uRu2sKuCnbL4s98PBfsihvAB1p bUl1brC0daRago6JIrlci/QjBCdQLE38EveUEFo7eTpxAijeyps26o2ziBXgLlrvhy7xmCsp/ee NSjlZFYMf8G5ZlYUjGkCPEO4uZrojQqdFDtr5kYlCrILWuoG3Rte17b4MSZvNdjBPftoSVnTHYe 14oJOFjUHzE0374HEGrkF4bmTbt6Th05aYhE6CQelMOl39r7Su10XqjtKmaBGEhC+Dz2jEjwJIB Azce+cyOM7N+BWjWW8dyC/XPS/n07Dc665XfEz9bFJiLqMOXstvTbf+9FDfcAQbEnYoxZppvGyG lhLpZLnXrFlIYxJHun89BooJ4pDdhJz5TZSQohiefWlN9jEWKO/r0YPjFXWn/GGrh1n/s8hioMW CkYatQNy1L+LVzaptuxjYV0t67/aJMYF8IwcYQfZv1HEk/jBb05CyuLpKg59feTd32VObdFqbOb i0tR5Ft25UVpWQuXOoNzfFPywb/P3uNfmOiEoAQDHqfiUbzQf5K X-Received: by 2002:a05:690c:dc2:b0:7a0:4146:6eda with SMTP id 00721157ae682-7bd76fa5216mr89148237b3.20.1777875187128; Sun, 03 May 2026 23:13:07 -0700 (PDT) Received: from [10.138.34.110] (h69-131-150-190.cncrtn.broadband.dynamic.tds.net. [69.131.150.190]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id 00721157ae682-7bd66896b35sm44908367b3.47.2026.05.03.23.13.05 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 bits=128/128); Sun, 03 May 2026 23:13:06 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <16a713ee-4cf3-4f40-a532-8a937eaffd21@gmail.com> Date: Mon, 4 May 2026 02:13:01 -0400 Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: iwd@lists.linux.dev List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [oss-security] CVE-2026-31431: CopyFail: linux local privilege scalation To: Milan Broz , oss-security@lists.openwall.com, Eric Biggers Cc: Jan Schaumann , iwd@lists.linux.dev References: <87se8dgicq.fsf@gentoo.org> <20260430071917.GB54208@sol> <177abb5d-8ba9-4bb9-8b23-9fbc868ed3cd@gmail.com> <20260501180028.GA2260@sol> <19837ef5-e5b6-45f4-8336-3ce07423dfb1@gmail.com> <021503ca-8a9b-4f9d-8b8e-81661572a018@gmail.com> Content-Language: en-US From: Demi Marie Obenour Autocrypt: addr=demiobenour@gmail.com; keydata= xsFNBFp+A0oBEADffj6anl9/BHhUSxGTICeVl2tob7hPDdhHNgPR4C8xlYt5q49yB+l2nipd aq+4Gk6FZfqC825TKl7eRpUjMriwle4r3R0ydSIGcy4M6eb0IcxmuPYfbWpr/si88QKgyGSV Z7GeNW1UnzTdhYHuFlk8dBSmB1fzhEYEk0RcJqg4AKoq6/3/UorR+FaSuVwT7rqzGrTlscnT DlPWgRzrQ3jssesI7sZLm82E3pJSgaUoCdCOlL7MMPCJwI8JpPlBedRpe9tfVyfu3euTPLPx wcV3L/cfWPGSL4PofBtB8NUU6QwYiQ9Hzx4xOyn67zW73/G0Q2vPPRst8LBDqlxLjbtx/WLR 6h3nBc3eyuZ+q62HS1pJ5EvUT1vjyJ1ySrqtUXWQ4XlZyoEFUfpJxJoN0A9HCxmHGVckzTRl 5FMWo8TCniHynNXsBtDQbabt7aNEOaAJdE7to0AH3T/Bvwzcp0ZJtBk0EM6YeMLtotUut7h2 Bkg1b//r6bTBswMBXVJ5H44Qf0+eKeUg7whSC9qpYOzzrm7+0r9F5u3qF8ZTx55TJc2g656C 9a1P1MYVysLvkLvS4H+crmxA/i08Tc1h+x9RRvqba4lSzZ6/Tmt60DPM5Sc4R0nSm9BBff0N m0bSNRS8InXdO1Aq3362QKX2NOwcL5YaStwODNyZUqF7izjK4QARAQABzTxEZW1pIE1hcmll IE9iZW5vdXIgKGxvdmVyIG9mIGNvZGluZykgPGRlbWlvYmVub3VyQGdtYWlsLmNvbT7CwXgE EwECACIFAlp+A0oCGwMGCwkIBwMCBhUIAgkKCwQWAgMBAh4BAheAAAoJELKItV//nCLBhr8Q AK/xrb4wyi71xII2hkFBpT59ObLN+32FQT7R3lbZRjVFjc6yMUjOb1H/hJVxx+yo5gsSj5LS 9AwggioUSrcUKldfA/PKKai2mzTlUDxTcF3vKx6iMXKA6AqwAw4B57ZEJoMM6egm57TV19kz PMc879NV2nc6+elaKl+/kbVeD3qvBuEwsTe2Do3HAAdrfUG/j9erwIk6gha/Hp9yZlCnPTX+ VK+xifQqt8RtMqS5R/S8z0msJMI/ajNU03kFjOpqrYziv6OZLJ5cuKb3bZU5aoaRQRDzkFIR 6aqtFLTohTo20QywXwRa39uFaOT/0YMpNyel0kdOszFOykTEGI2u+kja35g9TkH90kkBTG+a EWttIht0Hy6YFmwjcAxisSakBuHnHuMSOiyRQLu43ej2+mDWgItLZ48Mu0C3IG1seeQDjEYP tqvyZ6bGkf2Vj+L6wLoLLIhRZxQOedqArIk/Sb2SzQYuxN44IDRt+3ZcDqsPppoKcxSyd1Ny 2tpvjYJXlfKmOYLhTWs8nwlAlSHX/c/jz/ywwf7eSvGknToo1Y0VpRtoxMaKW1nvH0OeCSVJ itfRP7YbiRVc2aNqWPCSgtqHAuVraBRbAFLKh9d2rKFB3BmynTUpc1BQLJP8+D5oNyb8Ts4x Xd3iV/uD8JLGJfYZIR7oGWFLP4uZ3tkneDfYzsFNBFp+A0oBEAC9ynZI9LU+uJkMeEJeJyQ/ 8VFkCJQPQZEsIGzOTlPnwvVna0AS86n2Z+rK7R/usYs5iJCZ55/JISWd8xD57ue0eB47bcJv VqGlObI2DEG8TwaW0O0duRhDgzMEL4t1KdRAepIESBEA/iPpI4gfUbVEIEQuqdqQyO4GAe+M kD0Hy5JH/0qgFmbaSegNTdQg5iqYjRZ3ttiswalql1/iSyv1WYeC1OAs+2BLOAT2NEggSiVO txEfgewsQtCWi8H1SoirakIfo45Hz0tk/Ad9ZWh2PvOGt97Ka85o4TLJxgJJqGEnqcFUZnJJ riwoaRIS8N2C8/nEM53jb1sH0gYddMU3QxY7dYNLIUrRKQeNkF30dK7V6JRH7pleRlf+wQcN fRAIUrNlatj9TxwivQrKnC9aIFFHEy/0mAgtrQShcMRmMgVlRoOA5B8RTulRLCmkafvwuhs6 dCxN0GNAORIVVFxjx9Vn7OqYPgwiofZ6SbEl0hgPyWBQvE85klFLZLoj7p+joDY1XNQztmfA rnJ9x+YV4igjWImINAZSlmEcYtd+xy3Li/8oeYDAqrsnrOjb+WvGhCykJk4urBog2LNtcyCj kTs7F+WeXGUo0NDhbd3Z6AyFfqeF7uJ3D5hlpX2nI9no/ugPrrTVoVZAgrrnNz0iZG2DVx46 x913pVKHl5mlYQARAQABwsFfBBgBAgAJBQJafgNKAhsMAAoJELKItV//nCLBwNIP/AiIHE8b oIqReFQyaMzxq6lE4YZCZNj65B/nkDOvodSiwfwjjVVE2V3iEzxMHbgyTCGA67+Bo/d5aQGj gn0TPtsGzelyQHipaUzEyrsceUGWYoKXYyVWKEfyh0cDfnd9diAm3VeNqchtcMpoehETH8fr RHnJdBcjf112PzQSdKC6kqU0Q196c4Vp5HDOQfNiDnTf7gZSj0BraHOByy9LEDCLhQiCmr+2 E0rW4tBtDAn2HkT9uf32ZGqJCn1O+2uVfFhGu6vPE5qkqrbSE8TG+03H8ecU2q50zgHWPdHM OBvy3EhzfAh2VmOSTcRK+tSUe/u3wdLRDPwv/DTzGI36Kgky9MsDC5gpIwNbOJP2G/q1wT1o Gkw4IXfWv2ufWiXqJ+k7HEi2N1sree7Dy9KBCqb+ca1vFhYPDJfhP75I/VnzHVssZ/rYZ9+5 1yDoUABoNdJNSGUYl+Yh9Pw9pE3Kt4EFzUlFZWbE4xKL/NPno+z4J9aWemLLszcYz/u3XnbO vUSQHSrmfOzX3cV4yfmjM5lewgSstoxGyTx2M8enslgdXhPthZlDnTnOT+C+OTsh8+m5tos8 HQjaPM01MKBiAqdPgksm1wu2DrrwUi6ChRVTUBcj6+/9IJ81H2P2gJk3Ls3AVIxIffLoY34E +MYSfkEjBz0E8CLOcAw7JIwAaeBT In-Reply-To: <021503ca-8a9b-4f9d-8b8e-81661572a018@gmail.com> Content-Type: multipart/signed; micalg=pgp-sha256; protocol="application/pgp-signature"; boundary="------------zZBcy50t6b04wm0qqZfRs0Yu" This is an OpenPGP/MIME signed message (RFC 4880 and 3156) --------------zZBcy50t6b04wm0qqZfRs0Yu Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------VlGfGL6w5b20nbAcXFjqPJva"; protected-headers="v1" Message-ID: <16a713ee-4cf3-4f40-a532-8a937eaffd21@gmail.com> Date: Mon, 4 May 2026 02:13:01 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [oss-security] CVE-2026-31431: CopyFail: linux local privilege scalation To: Milan Broz , oss-security@lists.openwall.com, Eric Biggers Cc: Jan Schaumann , iwd@lists.linux.dev References: <87se8dgicq.fsf@gentoo.org> <20260430071917.GB54208@sol> <177abb5d-8ba9-4bb9-8b23-9fbc868ed3cd@gmail.com> <20260501180028.GA2260@sol> <19837ef5-e5b6-45f4-8336-3ce07423dfb1@gmail.com> <021503ca-8a9b-4f9d-8b8e-81661572a018@gmail.com> Content-Language: en-US From: Demi Marie Obenour Autocrypt: addr=demiobenour@gmail.com; keydata= xsFNBFp+A0oBEADffj6anl9/BHhUSxGTICeVl2tob7hPDdhHNgPR4C8xlYt5q49yB+l2nipd aq+4Gk6FZfqC825TKl7eRpUjMriwle4r3R0ydSIGcy4M6eb0IcxmuPYfbWpr/si88QKgyGSV Z7GeNW1UnzTdhYHuFlk8dBSmB1fzhEYEk0RcJqg4AKoq6/3/UorR+FaSuVwT7rqzGrTlscnT DlPWgRzrQ3jssesI7sZLm82E3pJSgaUoCdCOlL7MMPCJwI8JpPlBedRpe9tfVyfu3euTPLPx wcV3L/cfWPGSL4PofBtB8NUU6QwYiQ9Hzx4xOyn67zW73/G0Q2vPPRst8LBDqlxLjbtx/WLR 6h3nBc3eyuZ+q62HS1pJ5EvUT1vjyJ1ySrqtUXWQ4XlZyoEFUfpJxJoN0A9HCxmHGVckzTRl 5FMWo8TCniHynNXsBtDQbabt7aNEOaAJdE7to0AH3T/Bvwzcp0ZJtBk0EM6YeMLtotUut7h2 Bkg1b//r6bTBswMBXVJ5H44Qf0+eKeUg7whSC9qpYOzzrm7+0r9F5u3qF8ZTx55TJc2g656C 9a1P1MYVysLvkLvS4H+crmxA/i08Tc1h+x9RRvqba4lSzZ6/Tmt60DPM5Sc4R0nSm9BBff0N m0bSNRS8InXdO1Aq3362QKX2NOwcL5YaStwODNyZUqF7izjK4QARAQABzTxEZW1pIE1hcmll IE9iZW5vdXIgKGxvdmVyIG9mIGNvZGluZykgPGRlbWlvYmVub3VyQGdtYWlsLmNvbT7CwXgE EwECACIFAlp+A0oCGwMGCwkIBwMCBhUIAgkKCwQWAgMBAh4BAheAAAoJELKItV//nCLBhr8Q AK/xrb4wyi71xII2hkFBpT59ObLN+32FQT7R3lbZRjVFjc6yMUjOb1H/hJVxx+yo5gsSj5LS 9AwggioUSrcUKldfA/PKKai2mzTlUDxTcF3vKx6iMXKA6AqwAw4B57ZEJoMM6egm57TV19kz PMc879NV2nc6+elaKl+/kbVeD3qvBuEwsTe2Do3HAAdrfUG/j9erwIk6gha/Hp9yZlCnPTX+ VK+xifQqt8RtMqS5R/S8z0msJMI/ajNU03kFjOpqrYziv6OZLJ5cuKb3bZU5aoaRQRDzkFIR 6aqtFLTohTo20QywXwRa39uFaOT/0YMpNyel0kdOszFOykTEGI2u+kja35g9TkH90kkBTG+a EWttIht0Hy6YFmwjcAxisSakBuHnHuMSOiyRQLu43ej2+mDWgItLZ48Mu0C3IG1seeQDjEYP tqvyZ6bGkf2Vj+L6wLoLLIhRZxQOedqArIk/Sb2SzQYuxN44IDRt+3ZcDqsPppoKcxSyd1Ny 2tpvjYJXlfKmOYLhTWs8nwlAlSHX/c/jz/ywwf7eSvGknToo1Y0VpRtoxMaKW1nvH0OeCSVJ itfRP7YbiRVc2aNqWPCSgtqHAuVraBRbAFLKh9d2rKFB3BmynTUpc1BQLJP8+D5oNyb8Ts4x Xd3iV/uD8JLGJfYZIR7oGWFLP4uZ3tkneDfYzsFNBFp+A0oBEAC9ynZI9LU+uJkMeEJeJyQ/ 8VFkCJQPQZEsIGzOTlPnwvVna0AS86n2Z+rK7R/usYs5iJCZ55/JISWd8xD57ue0eB47bcJv VqGlObI2DEG8TwaW0O0duRhDgzMEL4t1KdRAepIESBEA/iPpI4gfUbVEIEQuqdqQyO4GAe+M kD0Hy5JH/0qgFmbaSegNTdQg5iqYjRZ3ttiswalql1/iSyv1WYeC1OAs+2BLOAT2NEggSiVO txEfgewsQtCWi8H1SoirakIfo45Hz0tk/Ad9ZWh2PvOGt97Ka85o4TLJxgJJqGEnqcFUZnJJ riwoaRIS8N2C8/nEM53jb1sH0gYddMU3QxY7dYNLIUrRKQeNkF30dK7V6JRH7pleRlf+wQcN fRAIUrNlatj9TxwivQrKnC9aIFFHEy/0mAgtrQShcMRmMgVlRoOA5B8RTulRLCmkafvwuhs6 dCxN0GNAORIVVFxjx9Vn7OqYPgwiofZ6SbEl0hgPyWBQvE85klFLZLoj7p+joDY1XNQztmfA rnJ9x+YV4igjWImINAZSlmEcYtd+xy3Li/8oeYDAqrsnrOjb+WvGhCykJk4urBog2LNtcyCj kTs7F+WeXGUo0NDhbd3Z6AyFfqeF7uJ3D5hlpX2nI9no/ugPrrTVoVZAgrrnNz0iZG2DVx46 x913pVKHl5mlYQARAQABwsFfBBgBAgAJBQJafgNKAhsMAAoJELKItV//nCLBwNIP/AiIHE8b oIqReFQyaMzxq6lE4YZCZNj65B/nkDOvodSiwfwjjVVE2V3iEzxMHbgyTCGA67+Bo/d5aQGj gn0TPtsGzelyQHipaUzEyrsceUGWYoKXYyVWKEfyh0cDfnd9diAm3VeNqchtcMpoehETH8fr RHnJdBcjf112PzQSdKC6kqU0Q196c4Vp5HDOQfNiDnTf7gZSj0BraHOByy9LEDCLhQiCmr+2 E0rW4tBtDAn2HkT9uf32ZGqJCn1O+2uVfFhGu6vPE5qkqrbSE8TG+03H8ecU2q50zgHWPdHM OBvy3EhzfAh2VmOSTcRK+tSUe/u3wdLRDPwv/DTzGI36Kgky9MsDC5gpIwNbOJP2G/q1wT1o Gkw4IXfWv2ufWiXqJ+k7HEi2N1sree7Dy9KBCqb+ca1vFhYPDJfhP75I/VnzHVssZ/rYZ9+5 1yDoUABoNdJNSGUYl+Yh9Pw9pE3Kt4EFzUlFZWbE4xKL/NPno+z4J9aWemLLszcYz/u3XnbO vUSQHSrmfOzX3cV4yfmjM5lewgSstoxGyTx2M8enslgdXhPthZlDnTnOT+C+OTsh8+m5tos8 HQjaPM01MKBiAqdPgksm1wu2DrrwUi6ChRVTUBcj6+/9IJ81H2P2gJk3Ls3AVIxIffLoY34E +MYSfkEjBz0E8CLOcAw7JIwAaeBT In-Reply-To: <021503ca-8a9b-4f9d-8b8e-81661572a018@gmail.com> --------------VlGfGL6w5b20nbAcXFjqPJva Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------oabzuLMB00uXNYvwxoE7FaYe" --------------oabzuLMB00uXNYvwxoE7FaYe Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable On 5/4/26 01:57, Milan Broz wrote: > Hi, >=20 > On 5/1/26 9:24 PM, Demi Marie Obenour wrote: >> Cryptsetup needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN, but iwd definitely does not, and >> presumably BlueZ should not use have it either. >=20 > In cryptsetup, AF_ALG is used exactly in places where it does > NOT need CAP_SYS_ADMIN. >=20 > While I agree that AF_ALG is misdesigned (specifically, indirect > loading of kernel modules just on non-privileged user request), > it is used in real scenarios. >=20 > I can write a long story why it is used in cryptsetup, but long > story short: >=20 > - It is used for benchmarking, where we actually need kernel crypto. >=20 > As it will be used in real dm-crypt mapping later, benchmarking > userspace lib just does not make sense. > (Requiring CAP_SYS_ADMIN here is not such a big issue, and it is > a very rough test - but useful for relative comparison, not for the > real numbers.) Would an API to ask the kernel to benchmark its own algorithms work for this? That would be a more accurate benchmark as it removes syscall overhead. > - It is used in TrueCrypt/VeraCrypt compatibility (at least). >=20 > This format needs to decrypt the header (first sector) with > the same algorithms as it is later mapped through dm-crypt. > Not everything is available in userspace (we support all historic > versions) and using AF_ALG was very convenient here. >=20 > By removing AF_ALG, you will completely break this format support. > including some distros (I think Tails uses that :). >=20 > We are using userspace libraries, but removing AF_ALG would be a pain. > It can be done, but it requires time. What is the source of the difficulty here? Just curious. >> Cryptsetup is a special case because there are times when it may not >> be safe to allocate memory: if I/O to the swap partition is suspended,= >> and the kernel tries to page data out to it, the system may deadlock. >> So calling into arbitrary third-party libraries might not be the best >> idea. Thankfully, Nettle should meet all of cryptsetup's requirements= =2E >=20 > The cause with the swap is not such a big deal in reality. >=20 > Nettle is NO WAY for cryptsetup (we have support for it as an alternati= ve > backend, but it cannot be the default). You do not see the whole pictur= e. I definitely don't see the whole picture. It came to mind because it has a nice, easy-to-use API. I'm also curious what keeps it from being the default. --=20 Sincerely, Demi Marie Obenour (she/her/hers) --------------oabzuLMB00uXNYvwxoE7FaYe Content-Type: application/pgp-keys; name="OpenPGP_0xB288B55FFF9C22C1.asc" Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="OpenPGP_0xB288B55FFF9C22C1.asc" Content-Description: OpenPGP public key Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- xsFNBFp+A0oBEADffj6anl9/BHhUSxGTICeVl2tob7hPDdhHNgPR4C8xlYt5q49y B+l2nipdaq+4Gk6FZfqC825TKl7eRpUjMriwle4r3R0ydSIGcy4M6eb0IcxmuPYf bWpr/si88QKgyGSVZ7GeNW1UnzTdhYHuFlk8dBSmB1fzhEYEk0RcJqg4AKoq6/3/ UorR+FaSuVwT7rqzGrTlscnTDlPWgRzrQ3jssesI7sZLm82E3pJSgaUoCdCOlL7M MPCJwI8JpPlBedRpe9tfVyfu3euTPLPxwcV3L/cfWPGSL4PofBtB8NUU6QwYiQ9H zx4xOyn67zW73/G0Q2vPPRst8LBDqlxLjbtx/WLR6h3nBc3eyuZ+q62HS1pJ5EvU T1vjyJ1ySrqtUXWQ4XlZyoEFUfpJxJoN0A9HCxmHGVckzTRl5FMWo8TCniHynNXs BtDQbabt7aNEOaAJdE7to0AH3T/Bvwzcp0ZJtBk0EM6YeMLtotUut7h2Bkg1b//r 6bTBswMBXVJ5H44Qf0+eKeUg7whSC9qpYOzzrm7+0r9F5u3qF8ZTx55TJc2g656C 9a1P1MYVysLvkLvS4H+crmxA/i08Tc1h+x9RRvqba4lSzZ6/Tmt60DPM5Sc4R0nS m9BBff0Nm0bSNRS8InXdO1Aq3362QKX2NOwcL5YaStwODNyZUqF7izjK4QARAQAB zTxEZW1pIE9iZW5vdXIgKElUTCBFbWFpbCBLZXkpIDxhdGhlbmFAaW52aXNpYmxl dGhpbmdzbGFiLmNvbT7CwY4EEwEIADgWIQR2h02fEza6IlkHHHGyiLVf/5wiwQUC X6YJvQIbAwULCQgHAgYVCgkICwIEFgIDAQIeAQIXgAAKCRCyiLVf/5wiwWRhD/0Y R+YYC5Kduv/2LBgQJIygMsFiRHbR4+tWXuTFqgrxxFSlMktZ6gQrQCWe38WnOXkB oY6n/5lSJdfnuGd2UagZ/9dkaGMUkqt+5WshLFly4BnP7pSsWReKgMP7etRTwn3S zk1OwFx2lzY1EnnconPLfPBc6rWG2moA6l0WX+3WNR1B1ndqpl2hPSjT2jUCBWDV rGOUSX7r5f1WgtBeNYnEXPBCUUM51pFGESmfHIXQrqFDA7nBNiIVFDJTmQzuEqIy Jl67pKNgooij5mKzRhFKHfjLRAH4mmWZlB9UjDStAfFBAoDFHwd1HL5VQCNQdqEc /9lZDApqWuCPadZN+pGouqLysesIYsNxUhJ7dtWOWHl0vs7/3qkWmWun/2uOJMQh ra2u8nA9g91FbOobWqjrDd6x3ZJoGQf4zLqjmn/P514gb697788e573WN/MpQ5XI Fl7aM2d6/GJiq6LC9T2gSUW4rbPBiqOCeiUx7Kd/sVm41p9TOA7fEG4bYddCfDsN xaQJH6VRK3NOuBUGeL+iQEVF5Xs6Yp+U+jwvv2M5Lel3EqAYo5xXTx4ls0xaxDCu fudcAh8CMMqx3fguSb7Mi31WlnZpk0fDuWQVNKyDP7lYpwc4nCCGNKCj622ZSocH AcQmX28L8pJdLYacv9pU3jPy4fHcQYvmTavTqowGnM08RGVtaSBNYXJpZSBPYmVu b3VyIChsb3ZlciBvZiBjb2RpbmcpIDxkZW1pb2Jlbm91ckBnbWFpbC5jb20+wsF4 BBMBAgAiBQJafgNKAhsDBgsJCAcDAgYVCAIJCgsEFgIDAQIeAQIXgAAKCRCyiLVf /5wiwYa/EACv8a2+MMou9cSCNoZBQaU+fTmyzft9hUE+0d5W2UY1RY3OsjFIzm9R /4SVccfsqOYLEo+S0vQMIIIqFEq3FCpXXwPzyimotps05VA8U3Bd7yseojFygOgK sAMOAee2RCaDDOnoJue01dfZMzzHPO/TVdp3OvnpWipfv5G1Xg96rwbhMLE3tg6N xwAHa31Bv4/Xq8CJOoIWvx6fcmZQpz01/lSvsYn0KrfEbTKkuUf0vM9JrCTCP2oz VNN5BYzqaq2M4r+jmSyeXLim922VOWqGkUEQ85BSEemqrRS06IU6NtEMsF8EWt/b hWjk/9GDKTcnpdJHTrMxTspExBiNrvpI2t+YPU5B/dJJAUxvmhFrbSIbdB8umBZs I3AMYrEmpAbh5x7jEjoskUC7uN3o9vpg1oCLS2ePDLtAtyBtbHnkA4xGD7ar8mem xpH9lY/i+sC6CyyIUWcUDnnagKyJP0m9ks0GLsTeOCA0bft2XA6rD6aaCnMUsndT ctrab42CV5XypjmC4U1rPJ8JQJUh1/3P48/8sMH+3krxpJ06KNWNFaUbaMTGiltZ 7x9DngklSYrX0T+2G4kVXNmjaljwkoLahwLla2gUWwBSyofXdqyhQdwZsp01KXNQ UCyT/Pg+aDcm/E7OMV3d4lf7g/CSxiX2GSEe6BlhSz+Lmd7ZJ3g32M1ARGVtaSBN YXJpZSBPYmVub3VyIChJVEwgRW1haWwgS2V5KSA8ZGVtaUBpbnZpc2libGV0aGlu Z3NsYWIuY29tPsLBjgQTAQgAOBYhBHaHTZ8TNroiWQcccbKItV//nCLBBQJgOEV+ AhsDBQsJCAcCBhUKCQgLAgQWAgMBAh4BAheAAAoJELKItV//nCLBKwoP/1WSnFdv SAD0g7fD0WlF+oi7ISFT7oqJnchFLOwVHK4Jg0e4hGn1ekWsF3Ha5tFLh4V/7UUu obYJpTfBAA2CckspYBqLtKGjFxcaqjjpO1I2W/jeNELVtSYuCOZICjdNGw2Hl9yH KRZiBkqc9u8lQcHDZKq4LIpVJj6ZQV/nxttDX90ax2No1nLLQXFbr5wb465LAPpU lXwunYDij7xJGye+VUASQh9datye6orZYuJvNo8Tr3mAQxxkfR46LzWgxFCPEAZJ 5P56Nc0IMHdJZj0Uc9+1jxERhOGppp5jlLgYGK7faGB/jTV6LaRQ4Ad+xiqokDWp mUOZsmA+bMbtPfYjDZBz5mlyHcIRKIFpE1l3Y8F7PhJuzzMUKkJi90CYakCV4x/a Zs4pzk5E96c2VQx01RIEJ7fzHF7lwFdtfTS4YsLtAbQFsKayqwkGcVv2B1AHeqdo TMX+cgDvjd1ZganGlWA8Sv9RkNSMchn1hMuTwERTyFTr2dKPnQdA1F480+jUap41 ClXgn227WkCIMrNhQGNyJsnwyzi5wS8rBVRQ3BOTMyvGM07j3axUOYaejEpg7wKi wTPZGLGH1sz5GljD/916v5+v2xLbOo5606j9dWf5/tAhbPuqrQgWv41wuKDi+dDD EKkODF7DHes8No+QcHTDyETMn1RYm7t0RKR4zsFNBFp+A0oBEAC9ynZI9LU+uJkM eEJeJyQ/8VFkCJQPQZEsIGzOTlPnwvVna0AS86n2Z+rK7R/usYs5iJCZ55/JISWd 8xD57ue0eB47bcJvVqGlObI2DEG8TwaW0O0duRhDgzMEL4t1KdRAepIESBEA/iPp I4gfUbVEIEQuqdqQyO4GAe+MkD0Hy5JH/0qgFmbaSegNTdQg5iqYjRZ3ttiswalq l1/iSyv1WYeC1OAs+2BLOAT2NEggSiVOtxEfgewsQtCWi8H1SoirakIfo45Hz0tk /Ad9ZWh2PvOGt97Ka85o4TLJxgJJqGEnqcFUZnJJriwoaRIS8N2C8/nEM53jb1sH 0gYddMU3QxY7dYNLIUrRKQeNkF30dK7V6JRH7pleRlf+wQcNfRAIUrNlatj9Txwi vQrKnC9aIFFHEy/0mAgtrQShcMRmMgVlRoOA5B8RTulRLCmkafvwuhs6dCxN0GNA ORIVVFxjx9Vn7OqYPgwiofZ6SbEl0hgPyWBQvE85klFLZLoj7p+joDY1XNQztmfA rnJ9x+YV4igjWImINAZSlmEcYtd+xy3Li/8oeYDAqrsnrOjb+WvGhCykJk4urBog 2LNtcyCjkTs7F+WeXGUo0NDhbd3Z6AyFfqeF7uJ3D5hlpX2nI9no/ugPrrTVoVZA grrnNz0iZG2DVx46x913pVKHl5mlYQARAQABwsFfBBgBAgAJBQJafgNKAhsMAAoJ ELKItV//nCLBwNIP/AiIHE8boIqReFQyaMzxq6lE4YZCZNj65B/nkDOvodSiwfwj jVVE2V3iEzxMHbgyTCGA67+Bo/d5aQGjgn0TPtsGzelyQHipaUzEyrsceUGWYoKX YyVWKEfyh0cDfnd9diAm3VeNqchtcMpoehETH8frRHnJdBcjf112PzQSdKC6kqU0 Q196c4Vp5HDOQfNiDnTf7gZSj0BraHOByy9LEDCLhQiCmr+2E0rW4tBtDAn2HkT9 uf32ZGqJCn1O+2uVfFhGu6vPE5qkqrbSE8TG+03H8ecU2q50zgHWPdHMOBvy3Ehz fAh2VmOSTcRK+tSUe/u3wdLRDPwv/DTzGI36Kgky9MsDC5gpIwNbOJP2G/q1wT1o Gkw4IXfWv2ufWiXqJ+k7HEi2N1sree7Dy9KBCqb+ca1vFhYPDJfhP75I/VnzHVss Z/rYZ9+51yDoUABoNdJNSGUYl+Yh9Pw9pE3Kt4EFzUlFZWbE4xKL/NPno+z4J9aW emLLszcYz/u3XnbOvUSQHSrmfOzX3cV4yfmjM5lewgSstoxGyTx2M8enslgdXhPt hZlDnTnOT+C+OTsh8+m5tos8HQjaPM01MKBiAqdPgksm1wu2DrrwUi6ChRVTUBcj 6+/9IJ81H2P2gJk3Ls3AVIxIffLoY34E+MYSfkEjBz0E8CLOcAw7JIwAaeBTzsFN BGbyLVgBEACqClxh50hmBepTSVlan6EBq3OAoxhrAhWZYEwN78k+ENhK68KhqC5R IsHzlL7QHW1gmfVBQZ63GnWiraM6wOJqFTL4ZWvRslga9u28FJ5XyK860mZLgYhK 9BzoUk4s+dat9jVUbq6LpQ1Ot5I9vrdzo2p1jtQ8h9WCIiFxSYy8s8pZ3hHh5T64 GIj1m/kY7lG3VIdUgoNiREGf/iOMjUFjwwE9ZoJ26j9p7p1U+TkKeF6wgswEB1T3 J8KCAtvmRtqJDq558IU5jhg5fgN+xHB8cgvUWulgK9FIF9oFxcuxtaf/juhHWKMO RtL0bHfNdXoBdpUDZE+mLBUAxF6KSsRrvx6AQyJs7VjgXJDtQVWvH0PUmTrEswgb 49nNU+dLLZQAZagxqnZ9Dp5l6GqaGZCHERJcLmdY/EmMzSf5YazJ6c0vO8rdW27M kn73qcWAplQn5mOXaqbfzWkAUPyUXppuRHfrjxTDz3GyJJVOeMmMrTxH4uCaGpOX Z8tN6829J1roGw4oKDRUQsaBAeEDqizXMPRc+6U9vI5FXzbAsb+8lKW65G7JWHym YPOGUt2hK4DdTA1PmVo0DxH00eWWeKxqvmGyX+Dhcg+5e191rPsMRGsDlH6KihI6 +3JIuc0y6ngdjcp6aalbuvPIGFrCRx3tnRtNc7He6cBWQoH9RPwluwARAQABwsOs BBgBCgAgFiEEdodNnxM2uiJZBxxxsoi1X/+cIsEFAmbyLVgCGwICQAkQsoi1X/+c IsHBdCAEGQEKAB0WIQSilC2pUlbVp66j3+yzNoc6synyUwUCZvItWAAKCRCzNoc6 synyU85gD/0T1QDtPhovkGwoqv4jUbEMMvpeYQf+oWgm/TjWPeLwdjl7AtY0G9Ml ZoyGniYkoHi37Gnn/ShLT3B5vtyI58ap2+SSa8SnGftdAKRLiWFWCiAEklm9FRk8 N3hwxhmSFF1KR/AIDS4g+HIsZn7YEMubBSgLlZZ9zHl4O4vwuXlREBEW97iL/FSt VownU2V39t7PtFvGZNk+DJH7eLO3jmNRYB0PL4JOyyda3NH/J92iwrFmjFWWmmWb /Xz8l9DIs+Z59pRCVTTwbBEZhcUc7rVMCcIYL+q1WxBG2e6lMn15OQJ5WfiE6E0I sGirAEDnXWx92JNGx5l+mMpdpsWhBZ5iGTtttZesibNkQfd48/eCgFi4cxJUC4PT UQwfD9AMgzwSTGJrkI5XGy+XqxwOjL8UA0iIrtTpMh49zw46uV6kwFQCgkf32jZM OLwLTNSzclbnA7GRd8tKwezQ/XqeK3dal2n+cOr+o+Eka7yGmGWNUqFbIe8cjj9T JeF3mgOCmZOwMI+wIcQYRSf+e5VTMO6TNWH5BI3vqeHSt7HkYuPlHT0pGum88d4a pWqhulH4rUhEMtirX1hYx8Q4HlUOQqLtxzmwOYWkhl1C+yPObAvUDNiHCLf9w28n uihgEkzHt9J4VKYulyJM9fe3ENcyU6rpXD7iANQqcr87ogKXFxknZ97uEACvSucc RbnnAgRqZ7GDzgoBerJ2zrmhLkeREZ08iz1zze1JgyW3HEwdr2UbyAuqvSADCSUU GN0vtQHsPzWl8onRc7lOPqPDF8OO+UfN9NAfA4wl3QyChD1GXl9rwKQOkbvdlYFV UFx9u86LNi4ssTmU8p9NtHIGpz1SYMVYNoYy9NU7EVqypGMguDCL7gJt6GUmA0sw p+YCroXiwL2BJ7RwRqTpgQuFL1gShkA17D5jK4mDPEetq1d8kz9rQYvAR/sTKBsR ImC3xSfn8zpWoNTTB6lnwyP5Ng1bu6esS7+SpYprFTe7ZqGZF6xhvBPf1Ldi9UAm U2xPN1/eeWxEa2kusidmFKPmN8lcT4miiAvwGxEnY7Oww9CgZlUB+LP4dl5VPjEt sFeAhrgxLdpVTjPRRwTd9VQF3/XYl83j5wySIQKIPXgT3sG3ngAhDhC8I8GpM36r 8WJJ3x2yVzyJUbBPO0GBhWE2xPNIfhxVoU4cGGhpFqz7dPKSTRDGq++MrFgKKGpI ZwT3CPTSSKc7ySndEXWkOYArDIdtyxdE1p5/c3aoz4utzUU7NDHQ+vVIwlnZSMiZ jek2IJP3SZ+COOIHCVxpUaZ4lnzWT4eDqABhMLpIzw6NmGfg+kLBJhouqz81WITr EtJuZYM5blWncBOJCoWMnBEcTEo/viU3GgcVRw=3D=3D =3Dx94R -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- --------------oabzuLMB00uXNYvwxoE7FaYe-- --------------VlGfGL6w5b20nbAcXFjqPJva-- --------------zZBcy50t6b04wm0qqZfRs0Yu Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="OpenPGP_signature.asc" Content-Description: OpenPGP digital signature Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="OpenPGP_signature.asc" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEEopQtqVJW1aeuo9/sszaHOrMp8lMFAmn4OO4ACgkQszaHOrMp 8lMalw/+K0DDGkJXWtaW6cvIkJXACSX9yvNQS44WsfPaMLvPMAY96epNTev7uWM7 hbH645/iHvLD6eXDz0B/iRTyYUf2vMeZ8PdO0DDxl4cv5YUpEUBIKKcNKfnYDRD5 IeSCdBKVH5QK+I2MXAh2irKHP6FEtIG2JZP6k1rwVN0wEm73/8aoyOs9hDD+RFjo wyFh2hBbhN7ooZuQMmB/aPrOcFuaR6rBUtiyvPJ11xNOAhjA1dY9cB99uTTy1MmC 3cWsJT4r1BJBXCEutRXbBDC95kEmfbwFZ+nl4KDbfSwxbZWaDzZQYKnqlk8lin0L MRJretVNddIXfpFRmbnav3o1R7B8IcVbbnufjDW/xtfVNUzlZ38aTs2Mf2NvfeoT OXrrE3uWtq1FHuMjV9+Zkts2GT5jOl9jGfkld1pw91WINqzcuQD2ekMfrcnUAbs+ ar7g0EDOxyUFazKWveQaj7STc9ig0QBiAqSr5eRspvMTjT5sIMQB4FATi4H60T0q gL/c+uPoTvv2BkW9yOWg4pCHqvGG88jiULc7bp3DtSz3hfoADHVjdVqNTtl0YLE1 H8k5cwTsNt1yDXvaQfZZxfnRtYjd+OxAE4+PgSyQcWkUXlu/A/QBjdmdQH6FGoYA wpk312R1oh1TItZ6x4JFBFt7RhaBrCp1/lbdk9vWGoMt7RzKBn0= =4s6f -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --------------zZBcy50t6b04wm0qqZfRs0Yu--