Regarding Raid1

Regarding Raid1

[Gaurav Mahajan]

Hi Greg...

Thanks for the valuable info...

I tried to understand a few more concepts.....

I believe that md raid is a software raid,which makes it OS dependent
whereas dmraid can be used to create a hardware raid (fakeRAID) which
is OS independent...

Now, what I fail to understand is that whether mdadm, which is a
software tool for creating software RAID uses device mapper
functionality or not. For example, lets say I create a RAID 1 array
using mdadm, will the read and write operations performed on this
array be passed through the device mapper or is the device mapper
bypassed in this case ? The fact that the device mapper is supposed to
be the lowest layer in the storage stack is what brought this question
to my mind....

Basically, I'm wondering whether md and dm are at the same level or is
dm at the lower level and md at a higher level....

It would be really helpful if you could elaborate on the difference
between the working of md and dm....

Regards,
Gaurav

On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 10:48 AM, Mulyadi Santosa
<mulyadi.santosa@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi Greg.......
>
> On Sun, Dec 19, 2010 at 07:28, Greg Freemyer <greg.freemyer@gmail.com> wrote:
>> Both Raid 10 and Raid 1+0 effectively mean the same.
>>
>> The plus is basically implied unless you want Raid 0+1. ?I've never
>> seen that call raid 01.
>>
>> I think the use varies on how you build the array. ?If you first build
>> a stripeset, then mirror them as 2 separate steps, then use 1+0.
>>
>> If on the otherhand you make a single call to mdadm (as an example)
>> and tell it do do the work in one step, then it is raid 10. ?The
>> advantage of raid 10 over 1+0 is mdadm has several ways internally to
>> build a raid 10 whereas there is basically only one way to build a
>> 1+0..
>
> Thanks for your kind explanation....I'll dig further about it when I
> have time. I never knew 'til this you explained it to me that mdadm
> might have its own way to build 1+0...I always think it always be:
> build mirror, then stripe them....
>
> --
> regards,
>
> Mulyadi Santosa
> Freelance Linux trainer and consultant
>
> blog: the-hydra.blogspot.com
> training: mulyaditraining.blogspot.com
>

Regarding Raid1

[Greg Freemyer]

On Thu, Dec 23, 2010 at 8:25 AM, Gaurav Mahajan
<gauravmahajan2007@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi Greg...
>
> Thanks for the valuable info...
>
> I tried to understand a few more concepts.....
>
> I believe that md raid is a software raid,which makes it OS dependent
> whereas dmraid can be used to create a hardware raid (fakeRAID) which
> is OS independent...

I know little about fakeRAID.

Linux software raid is what I was describing.

> Now, what I fail to understand is that whether mdadm, which is a
> software tool for creating software RAID uses device mapper
> functionality or not.

I am almost positive mdadm has no knowledge of device mapper.

> For example, lets say I create a RAID 1 array
> using mdadm, will the read and write operations performed on this
> array be passed through the device mapper or is the device mapper
> bypassed in this case ?

I believe device mapper is "typically" above mdraid in the stack.

So you can create raid units via mdadm, then use LVM to assemble those
into Device Mapper volumes.  (Note LVM is the userspace tools used to
control / config Device Mapper).

> The fact that the device mapper is supposed to
> be the lowest layer in the storage stack is what brought this question
> to my mind....

Device Mapper is NOT the lowest layer in the stack as far as I know.

> Basically, I'm wondering whether md and dm are at the same level or is dm at the lower level and md at a higher level....

I think the stack is that fixed.

You have a series of stackable items in the block area.  You basically
build a custom stack by how you invoke things from userspace.

So you could do this:

ext4 -> LVM (Device Mapper) -> DRDB -> mdraid -> rotating disk

But you can also definitely reverse LVM and DRBD for:

ext4 -> DRDB -> LVM (Device Mapper) -> mdraid -> rotating disk

In my mind I would always have mdraid at the lowest level.

> It would be really helpful if you could elaborate on the difference
> between the working of md and dm....

md is primarily about raid levels.

dm (device mapper) is primarily about logical volumes.  Read about LVM
(logical volume manager)

In a production server it would be common to stack DM on top of MD.

> Regards,
> Gaurav
>

Hope that helps
Greg