[PATCH v3 1/7] KVM: x86 emulator: framework for streamlining arithmetic opcodes

Avi Kivity
2013-01-04T14:19:01Z

We emulate arithmetic opcodes by executing a "similar" (same operation,
different operands) on the cpu. This ensures accurate emulation, esp. wrt.
eflags. However, the prologue and epilogue around the opcode is fairly long,
consisting of a switch (for the operand size) and code to load and save the
operands. This is repeated for every opcode.

This patch introduces an alternative way to emulate arithmetic opcodes.
Instead of the above, we have four (three on i386) functions consisting
of just the opcode and a ret; one for each operand size. For example:

.align 8
em_notb:
not %al
ret

.align 8
em_notw:
not %ax
ret

.align 8
em_notl:
not %eax
ret

.align 8
em_notq:
not %rax
ret

The prologue and epilogue are shared across all opcodes. Note the functions
use a special calling convention; notably eflags is an input/output parameter
and is not clobbered. Rather than dispatching the four functions through a
jump table, the functions are declared as a constant size (8) so their address
can be calculated.

Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi.kivity@gmail.com>
---
arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 41 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c b/arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c
index 53c5ad6..dd71567 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c
@@ -149,6 +149,7 @@
#define Aligned ((u64)1 << 41) /* Explicitly aligned (e.g. MOVDQA) */
#define Unaligned ((u64)1 << 42) /* Explicitly unaligned (e.g. MOVDQU) */
#define Avx ((u64)1 << 43) /* Advanced Vector Extensions */
+#define Fastop ((u64)1 << 44) /* Use opcode::u.fastop */

#define X2(x...) x, x
#define X3(x...) X2(x), x
@@ -159,6 +160,27 @@
#define X8(x...) X4(x), X4(x)
#define X16(x...) X8(x), X8(x)

+#define NR_FASTOP (ilog2(sizeof(ulong)) + 1)
+#define FASTOP_SIZE 8
+
+/*
+ * fastop functions have a special calling convention:
+ *
+ * dst: [rdx]:rax (in/out)
+ * src: rbx (in/out)
+ * src2: rcx (in)
+ * flags: rflags (in/out)
+ *
+ * Moreover, they are all exactly FASTOP_SIZE bytes long, so functions for
+ * different operand sizes can be reached by calculation, rather than a jump
+ * table (which would be bigger than the code).
+ *
+ * fastop functions are declared as taking a never-defined fastop parameter,
+ * so they can't be called from C directly.
+ */
+
+struct fastop;
+
struct opcode {
u64 flags : 56;
u64 intercept : 8;
@@ -168,6 +190,7 @@ struct opcode {
const struct group_dual *gdual;
const struct gprefix *gprefix;
const struct escape *esc;
+ void (*fastop)(struct fastop *fake);
} u;
int (*check_perm)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
};
@@ -3646,6 +3669,7 @@ static int check_perm_out(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt)
#define GD(_f, _g) { .flags = ((_f) | GroupDual | ModRM), .u.gdual = (_g) }
#define E(_f, _e) { .flags = ((_f) | Escape | ModRM), .u.esc = (_e) }
#define I(_f, _e) { .flags = (_f), .u.execute = (_e) }
+#define F(_f, _e) { .flags = (_f) | Fastop, .u.fastop = (_e) }
#define II(_f, _e, _i) \
{ .flags = (_f), .u.execute = (_e), .intercept = x86_intercept_##_i }
#define IIP(_f, _e, _i, _p) \
@@ -4502,6 +4526,16 @@ static void fetch_possible_mmx_operand(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
read_mmx_reg(ctxt, &op->mm_val, op->addr.mm);
}

+static int fastop(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, void (*fop)(struct fastop *))
+{
+ ulong flags = (ctxt->eflags & EFLAGS_MASK) | X86_EFLAGS_IF;
+ fop += __ffs(ctxt->dst.bytes) * FASTOP_SIZE;
+ asm("push %[flags]; popf; call *%[fastop]; pushf; pop %[flags]\n"
+ : "+a"(ctxt->dst.val), "+b"(ctxt->src.val), [flags]"+D"(flags)
+ : "c"(ctxt->src2.val), [fastop]"S"(fop));
+ ctxt->eflags = (ctxt->eflags & ~EFLAGS_MASK) | (flags & EFLAGS_MASK);
+ return X86EMUL_CONTINUE;
+}

int x86_emulate_insn(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt)
{
@@ -4631,6 +4665,13 @@ special_insn:
}

if (ctxt->execute) {
+ if (ctxt->d & Fastop) {
+ void (*fop)(struct fastop *) = (void *)ctxt->execute;
+ rc = fastop(ctxt, fop);
+ if (rc != X86EMUL_CONTINUE)
+ goto done;
+ goto writeback;
+ }
rc = ctxt->execute(ctxt);
if (rc != X86EMUL_CONTINUE)
goto done;
--
1.8.0.1