qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[David Abrahams]

When I have windows XP running under kvm, I get 

  dave@grogan:/tmp$ aplay /usr/share/sounds/gaim/receive.wav 
  ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:864:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
  aplay: main:550: audio open error: Device or resource busy

As soon as I shut down my VM, though, it works perfectly.  Is this
expected behavior?

-- 
Dave Abrahams
Boost Consulting
http://www.boost-consulting.com


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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[Avi Kivity]

David Abrahams wrote:
> When I have windows XP running under kvm, I get 
>
>   dave@grogan:/tmp$ aplay /usr/share/sounds/gaim/receive.wav 
>   ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:864:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
>   aplay: main:550: audio open error: Device or resource busy
>
> As soon as I shut down my VM, though, it works perfectly.  Is this
> expected behavior?
>   

I think you have to set up a mixer or something.  But I'd rather be deaf 
than have to wade through all the pseudo-documentation in order to find 
out how.

-- 
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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[Shahar Frank]

You have to make QEMU use ALSA as your sound system and specify a mixer
device for input and output. This can be done using some environment
variables that should be set before the qemu binary is run.

The following may work:

export QEMU_AUDIO_DRV=alsa	   # the default is OSS if I recall
correctly
export QEMU_ASLA_DAC_DEV=dmix    # for playback mixing
export QEMU_ALSA_ADC_DEV=dsnoop  # for record mixing

Of course you have to install and configure dmix and dsnoop in your alsa
sub-system. Dmix/sdnoop may or may not be installed and configured by
your distribution. Take a look at /usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf (may be in
other location in your system).

I hope this somehow helps,

Shahar

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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[Jon]

On Mon, May 21, 2007 at 08:37:48AM -0700, Shahar Frank wrote:

> You have to make QEMU use ALSA as your sound system and specify a 
> mixer device for input and output. This can be done using some 
> environment variables that should be set before the qemu binary is 
> run.

>From the ALSA wiki:

"For ALSA 1.0.9rc2 and higher you don't need to setup dmix. Dmix is 
enabled as default for soundcards which don't support hw mixing."

I've found this to be the case on my laptop, where I use:

export QEMU_AUDIO_DRV=alsa
export QEMU_AUDIO_DAC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
export QEMU_AUDIO_ADC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
export QEMU_ALSA_DAC_BUFFER_SIZE=16384

Buffer size is very important, else it crackles and pops for me.

Now if only sound could survive a loadvm/savevm it'd be perfect. :-)

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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[David Abrahams]

on Mon May 21 2007, Avi Kivity <avi-atKUWr5tajBWk0Htik3J/w-AT-public.gmane.org> wrote:

> David Abrahams wrote:
>> When I have windows XP running under kvm, I get 
>>
>>   dave@grogan:/tmp$ aplay /usr/share/sounds/gaim/receive.wav 
>>   ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:864:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
>>   aplay: main:550: audio open error: Device or resource busy
>>
>> As soon as I shut down my VM, though, it works perfectly.  Is this
>> expected behavior?
>>   
>
> I think you have to set up a mixer or something.  But I'd rather be deaf 
> than have to wade through all the pseudo-documentation in order to find 
> out how.

Maybe I wasn't sufficiently clear.  Sound in the VM works fine; it
just seems to kill sound in the host... or is the mixer somehow
supposed to cure that?

-- 
Dave Abrahams
Boost Consulting
http://www.boost-consulting.com


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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[Andreas Hasenack]

On Tuesday 22 May 2007 23:37:56 David Abrahams wrote:
> on Mon May 21 2007, Avi Kivity 
<avi-atKUWr5tajBWk0Htik3J/w-AT-public.gmane.org> wrote:
> > David Abrahams wrote:
> >> When I have windows XP running under kvm, I get
> >>
> >>   dave@grogan:/tmp$ aplay /usr/share/sounds/gaim/receive.wav
> >>   ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:864:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
> >>   aplay: main:550: audio open error: Device or resource busy
> >>
> >> As soon as I shut down my VM, though, it works perfectly.  Is this
> >> expected behavior?
> >
> > I think you have to set up a mixer or something.  But I'd rather be deaf
> > than have to wade through all the pseudo-documentation in order to find
> > out how.
>
> Maybe I wasn't sufficiently clear.  Sound in the VM works fine; it
> just seems to kill sound in the host... or is the mixer somehow
> supposed to cure that?

Same issue here, even though my sound card supports hardware mixing (i.e., I 
don't use any sound daemons and can play more than one sound at the same 
time).

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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[Avi Kivity]

David Abrahams wrote:
> on Mon May 21 2007, Avi Kivity <avi-atKUWr5tajBWk0Htik3J/w-AT-public.gmane.org> wrote:
>
>   
>> David Abrahams wrote:
>>     
>>> When I have windows XP running under kvm, I get 
>>>
>>>   dave@grogan:/tmp$ aplay /usr/share/sounds/gaim/receive.wav 
>>>   ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:864:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
>>>   aplay: main:550: audio open error: Device or resource busy
>>>
>>> As soon as I shut down my VM, though, it works perfectly.  Is this
>>> expected behavior?
>>>   
>>>       
>> I think you have to set up a mixer or something.  But I'd rather be deaf 
>> than have to wade through all the pseudo-documentation in order to find 
>> out how.
>>     
>
> Maybe I wasn't sufficiently clear.  Sound in the VM works fine; it
> just seems to kill sound in the host... or is the mixer somehow
> supposed to cure that?
>
>   

I have a similar problem where running a Java virtual machine kills
sound to other apps.  I assume that a mixer will fix this, but have been
unable to get it to work.

Looks like this is a similar problem.

-- 
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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[Avi Kivity]

Jon wrote:
> On Mon, May 21, 2007 at 08:37:48AM -0700, Shahar Frank wrote:
>
>   
>> You have to make QEMU use ALSA as your sound system and specify a 
>> mixer device for input and output. This can be done using some 
>> environment variables that should be set before the qemu binary is 
>> run.
>>     
>
> >From the ALSA wiki:
>
> "For ALSA 1.0.9rc2 and higher you don't need to setup dmix. Dmix is 
> enabled as default for soundcards which don't support hw mixing."
>
> I've found this to be the case on my laptop, where I use:
>
> export QEMU_AUDIO_DRV=alsa
> export QEMU_AUDIO_DAC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
> export QEMU_AUDIO_ADC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
> export QEMU_ALSA_DAC_BUFFER_SIZE=16384
>
> Buffer size is very important, else it crackles and pops for me.
>
>   

This works for me (alsa 1.0.14rc3).  Thanks.

> Now if only sound could survive a loadvm/savevm it'd be perfect. :-)
>   

Is qemu-devel aware of this issue?

-- 
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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[David Abrahams]

on Wed May 23 2007, Avi Kivity <avi-AT-qumranet.com> wrote:

> Jon wrote:
>> On Mon, May 21, 2007 at 08:37:48AM -0700, Shahar Frank wrote:
>>
>>   
>>> You have to make QEMU use ALSA as your sound system and specify a 
>>> mixer device for input and output. This can be done using some 
>>> environment variables that should be set before the qemu binary is 
>>> run.
>>>     
>>
>> >From the ALSA wiki:
>>
>> "For ALSA 1.0.9rc2 and higher you don't need to setup dmix. Dmix is 
>> enabled as default for soundcards which don't support hw mixing."
>>
>> I've found this to be the case on my laptop, where I use:
>>
>> export QEMU_AUDIO_DRV=alsa
>> export QEMU_AUDIO_DAC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
>> export QEMU_AUDIO_ADC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
>> export QEMU_ALSA_DAC_BUFFER_SIZE=16384
>>
>> Buffer size is very important, else it crackles and pops for me.
>>
>>   
>
> This works for me (alsa 1.0.14rc3).  Thanks.

OK, but *where* do you use this incantation?

-- 
Dave Abrahams
Boost Consulting
http://www.boost-consulting.com

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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[Avi Kivity]

David Abrahams wrote:
>>> "For ALSA 1.0.9rc2 and higher you don't need to setup dmix. Dmix is 
>>> enabled as default for soundcards which don't support hw mixing."
>>>
>>> I've found this to be the case on my laptop, where I use:
>>>
>>> export QEMU_AUDIO_DRV=alsa
>>> export QEMU_AUDIO_DAC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
>>> export QEMU_AUDIO_ADC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
>>> export QEMU_ALSA_DAC_BUFFER_SIZE=16384
>>>
>>> Buffer size is very important, else it crackles and pops for me.
>>>
>>>   
>>>       
>> This works for me (alsa 1.0.14rc3).  Thanks.
>>     
>
> OK, but *where* do you use this incantation?
>
>   

~/.bashrc, and log in again.

-- 
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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[David Abrahams]

Jon <iroquoi <at> gmail.com> writes:

> 
> I use:
> 
> export QEMU_AUDIO_DRV=alsa
> export QEMU_AUDIO_DAC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
> export QEMU_AUDIO_ADC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
> export QEMU_ALSA_DAC_BUFFER_SIZE=16384
> 
> Buffer size is very important, else it crackles and pops for me.

Unfortunately with my upgrade to Ubuntu Hardy this has stopped working; I can
put off the effect by playing a test tone in linux, but Qemu again takes over
the sound system completely the first time it succeeds in making noise.  Maybe
this has something to do with the addition of *yet another* audio layer in Hardy
(PulseAudio?)

--
Dave Abrahams
Boost Consulting, Inc.
http://boost-consulting.com



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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[Avi Kivity]

David Abrahams wrote:
> Jon <iroquoi <at> gmail.com> writes:
>
>   
>> I use:
>>
>> export QEMU_AUDIO_DRV=alsa
>> export QEMU_AUDIO_DAC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
>> export QEMU_AUDIO_ADC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
>> export QEMU_ALSA_DAC_BUFFER_SIZE=16384
>>
>> Buffer size is very important, else it crackles and pops for me.
>>     
>
> Unfortunately with my upgrade to Ubuntu Hardy this has stopped working; I can
> put off the effect by playing a test tone in linux, but Qemu again takes over
> the sound system completely the first time it succeeds in making noise.  Maybe
> this has something to do with the addition of *yet another* audio layer in Hardy
> (PulseAudio?)

What does your /etc/alsa/alsa.conf look like?  Also, please remove any 
user-local alsa configuration files you may have inherited from the 
previous installation.

-- 
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signature is too narrow to contain.


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Re: qemu/kvm seems to take ALSA all for itself?

[David Abrahams]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1042 bytes --]

Avi Kivity wrote:
> David Abrahams wrote:
>> Jon <iroquoi <at> gmail.com> writes:
>>
>>  
>>> I use:
>>>
>>> export QEMU_AUDIO_DRV=alsa
>>> export QEMU_AUDIO_DAC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
>>> export QEMU_AUDIO_ADC_FIXED_FREQ=48000
>>> export QEMU_ALSA_DAC_BUFFER_SIZE=16384
>>>
>>> Buffer size is very important, else it crackles and pops for me.
>>>     
>>
>> Unfortunately with my upgrade to Ubuntu Hardy this has stopped
>> working; I can
>> put off the effect by playing a test tone in linux, but Qemu again
>> takes over
>> the sound system completely the first time it succeeds in making
>> noise.  Maybe
>> this has something to do with the addition of *yet another* audio
>> layer in Hardy
>> (PulseAudio?)
> 
> What does your /etc/alsa/alsa.conf look like?  

The only alsa.conf here is in /usr/share/alsa.  It's enclosed

> Also, please remove any
> user-local alsa configuration files you may have inherited from the
> previous installation.

This was a fresh installation.


-- 
Dave Abrahams
Boost Consulting
http://boost-consulting.com

[-- Attachment #2: alsa.conf --]
[-- Type: text/plain, Size: 8611 bytes --]

#
#  ALSA library configuration file
#

# pre-load the configuration files

@hooks [
	{
		func load
		files [
			"/etc/asound.conf"
			"~/.asoundrc"
		]
		errors false
	}
]

# load card-specific configuration files (on request)

cards.@hooks [
	{
		func load
		files [
			{
				@func concat
				strings [
					{ @func datadir }
					"/cards/aliases.conf"
				]
			}
		]
	}
	{
		func load_for_all_cards
		files [
			{
				@func concat
				strings [
					{ @func datadir }
					"/cards/"
					{ @func private_string }
					".conf"
				]
			}
		]
		errors false
	}
]

#
# defaults
#

# show all name hints also for definitions without hint {} section
defaults.namehint.showall off
# show just basic name hints
defaults.namehint.basic on
# show extended name hints
defaults.namehint.extended off
#
defaults.ctl.card 0
defaults.pcm.card 0
defaults.pcm.device 0
defaults.pcm.subdevice -1
defaults.pcm.nonblock 1
defaults.pcm.ipc_key 5678293
defaults.pcm.ipc_gid audio
defaults.pcm.ipc_perm 0660
defaults.pcm.dmix.max_periods 0
defaults.pcm.dmix.rate 48000
defaults.pcm.dmix.format S16_LE
defaults.pcm.dmix.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.dmix.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.dsnoop.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.dsnoop.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.front.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.front.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.rear.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.rear.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.center_lfe.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.center_lfe.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.side.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.side.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.surround40.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.surround40.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.surround41.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.surround41.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.surround50.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.surround50.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.surround51.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.surround51.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.surround71.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.surround71.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.iec958.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.iec958.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.pcm.modem.card defaults.pcm.card
defaults.pcm.modem.device defaults.pcm.device
defaults.rawmidi.card 0
defaults.rawmidi.device 0
defaults.rawmidi.subdevice -1
defaults.hwdep.card 0
defaults.hwdep.device 0
defaults.timer.class 2
defaults.timer.sclass 0
defaults.timer.card 0
defaults.timer.device 0
defaults.timer.subdevice 0

#
#  PCM interface
#

# redirect to load-on-demand extended pcm definitions
pcm.cards cards.pcm

pcm.default cards.pcm.default
pcm.front cards.pcm.front
pcm.rear cards.pcm.rear
pcm.center_lfe cards.pcm.center_lfe
pcm.side cards.pcm.side
pcm.surround40 cards.pcm.surround40
pcm.surround41 cards.pcm.surround41
pcm.surround50 cards.pcm.surround50
pcm.surround51 cards.pcm.surround51
pcm.surround71 cards.pcm.surround71
pcm.iec958 cards.pcm.iec958
pcm.spdif iec958
pcm.dmix cards.pcm.dmix
pcm.dsnoop cards.pcm.dsnoop
pcm.modem cards.pcm.modem
pcm.phoneline cards.pcm.phoneline

pcm.hw {
	@args [ CARD DEV SUBDEV ]
	@args.CARD {
		type string
		default {
			@func getenv
			vars [
				ALSA_PCM_CARD
				ALSA_CARD
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.pcm.card
			}
		}
	}
	@args.DEV {
		type integer
		default {
			@func igetenv
			vars [
				ALSA_PCM_DEVICE
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.pcm.device
			}
		}
	}
	@args.SUBDEV {
		type integer
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.pcm.subdevice
		}
	}		
	type hw
	card $CARD
	device $DEV
	subdevice $SUBDEV
	hint {
		show {
			@func refer
			name defaults.namehint.extended
		}
		description "Direct hardware device without any conversions"
	}
}

pcm.plughw {
	@args [ CARD DEV SUBDEV ]
	@args.CARD {
		type string
		default {
			@func getenv
			vars [
				ALSA_PCM_CARD
				ALSA_CARD
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.pcm.card
			}
		}
	}
	@args.DEV {
		type integer
		default {
			@func igetenv
			vars [
				ALSA_PCM_DEVICE
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.pcm.device
			}
		}
	}
	@args.SUBDEV {
		type integer
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.pcm.subdevice
		}
	}		
	type plug
	slave.pcm {
		type hw
		card $CARD
		device $DEV
		subdevice $SUBDEV
	}
	hint {
		show {
			@func refer
			name defaults.namehint.extended
		}
		description "Hardware device with all software conversions"
	}
}

pcm.plug {
	@args [ SLAVE ]
	@args.SLAVE {
		type string
	}
	type plug
	slave.pcm $SLAVE
}

pcm.shm {
	@args [ SOCKET PCM ]
	@args.SOCKET {
		type string
	}
	@args.PCM {
		type string
	}
	type shm
	server $SOCKET
	pcm $PCM
}

pcm.tee {
	@args [ SLAVE FILE FORMAT ]
	@args.SLAVE {
		type string
	}
	@args.FILE {
		type string
	}
	@args.FORMAT {
		type string
		default raw
	}
	type file
	slave.pcm $SLAVE
	file $FILE
	format $FORMAT
}

pcm.file {
	@args [ FILE FORMAT ]
	@args.FILE {
		type string
	}
	@args.FORMAT {
		type string
		default raw
	}
	type file
	slave.pcm null
	file $FILE
	format $FORMAT
}

pcm.null {
	type null
	hint {
		show {
			@func refer
			name defaults.namehint.basic
		}
		description "Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)"
	}
}

#
#  Control interface
#
	
ctl.default {
	type hw
	card {
		@func getenv
		vars [
			ALSA_CTL_CARD
			ALSA_CARD
		]
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.ctl.card
		}
	}
}

ctl.hw {
	@args[ CARD ]
	@args.CARD {
		type string
		default {
			@func getenv
			vars [
				ALSA_CTL_CARD
				ALSA_CARD
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.ctl.card
			}
		}
	}
	type hw
	card $CARD
}

ctl.shm {
	@args [ SOCKET CTL ]
	@args.SOCKET {
		type string
	}
	@args.CTL {
		type string
	}
	type shm
	server $SOCKET
	ctl $CTL
}

#
#  RawMidi interface
#

rawmidi.default {
	type hw
	card {
		@func getenv
		vars [
			ALSA_RAWMIDI_CARD
			ALSA_CARD
		]
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.rawmidi.card
		}
	}
	device {
		@func igetenv
		vars [
			ALSA_RAWMIDI_DEVICE
		]
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.rawmidi.device
		}
	}
}

rawmidi.hw {
	@args [ CARD DEV SUBDEV ]
	@args.CARD {
		type string
		default {
			@func getenv
			vars [
				ALSA_RAWMIDI_CARD
				ALSA_CARD
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.rawmidi.card
			}
		}
	}
	@args.DEV {
		type integer
		default {
			@func igetenv
			vars [
				ALSA_RAWMIDI_DEVICE
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.rawmidi.device
			}
		}
	}
	@args.SUBDEV {
		type integer
		default -1
	}
	type hw
	card $CARD
	device $DEV
	subdevice $SUBDEV
	hint {
		description "Direct rawmidi driver device"
		device $DEV
	}
}

rawmidi.virtual {
	@args [ MERGE ]
	@args.MERGE {
		type string
		default 1
	}
	type virtual
	merge $MERGE
}

#
#  Sequencer interface
#

seq.default {
	type hw
}

seq.hw {
	type hw
}

#
#  HwDep interface
#

hwdep.default {
	type hw
	card {
		@func getenv
		vars [
			ALSA_HWDEP_CARD
			ALSA_CARD
		]
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.hwdep.card
		}
	}
	device {
		@func igetenv
		vars [
			ALSA_HWDEP_DEVICE
		]
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.hwdep.device
		}
	}
}

hwdep.hw {
	@args [ CARD DEV ]
	@args.CARD {
		type string
		default {
			@func getenv
			vars [
				ALSA_HWDEP_CARD
				ALSA_CARD
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.hwdep.card
			}
		}
	}
	@args.DEV {
		type integer
		default {
			@func igetenv
			vars [
				ALSA_HWDEP_DEVICE
			]
			default {
				@func refer
				name defaults.hwdep.device
			}
		}
	}
	type hw
	card $CARD
	device $DEV
}

#
#  Timer interface
#

timer_query.default {
	type hw
}

timer_query.hw {
	type hw
}

timer.default {
	type hw
	class {
		@func refer
		name defaults.timer.class
	}
	sclass {
		@func refer
		name defaults.timer.sclass
	}
	card {
		@func refer
		name defaults.timer.card
	}
	device {
		@func refer
		name defaults.timer.device
	}
	subdevice {
		@func refer
		name defaults.timer.subdevice
	}
	hint.description "Default direct hardware timer device"
}

timer.hw {
	@args [ CLASS SCLASS CARD DEV SUBDEV ]
	@args.CLASS {
		type integer
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.timer.class
		}
	}
	@args.SCLASS {
		type integer
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.timer.sclass
		}
	}
	@args.CARD {
		type string
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.timer.card
		}
	}
	@args.DEV {
		type integer
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.timer.device
		}
	}
	@args.SUBDEV {
		type integer
		default {
			@func refer
			name defaults.timer.subdevice
		}
	}
	type hw
	class $CLASS
	sclass $SCLASS
	card $CARD
	device $DEV
	subdevice $SUBDEV
}

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