[PATCH v5 21/44] KVM: x86/pmu: Register PMI handler for mediated vPMU

Sean Christopherson
2025-08-06T19:58:08Z

From: Xiong Zhang <xiong.y.zhang@linux.intel.com>

Register a dedicated PMI handler with perf's callback when mediated PMU
support is enabled. Perf routes PMIs that arrive while guest context is
loaded to the provided callback, by modifying the CPU's LVTPC to point at
a dedicated mediated PMI IRQ vector.

WARN upon receipt of a mediated PMI if there is no active vCPU, or if the
vCPU doesn't have a mediated PMU. Even if a PMI manages to skid past
VM-Exit, it should never be delayed all the way beyond unloading the vCPU.
And while running vCPUs without a mediated PMU, the LVTPC should never be
wired up to the mediated PMI IRQ vector, i.e. should always be routed
through perf's NMI handler.

Signed-off-by: Xiong Zhang <xiong.y.zhang@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingwei Zhang <mizhang@google.com>
Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c | 10 ++++++++++
arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h | 2 ++
arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 3 ++-
3 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c
index 4d4bb9b17412..680523e9d11e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c
@@ -155,6 +155,16 @@ void kvm_init_pmu_capability(const struct kvm_pmu_ops *pmu_ops)
perf_get_hw_event_config(PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS);
}

+void kvm_handle_guest_mediated_pmi(void)
+{
+ struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = kvm_get_running_vcpu();
+
+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!vcpu || !kvm_vcpu_has_mediated_pmu(vcpu)))
+ return;
+
+ kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_PMI, vcpu);
+}
+
static inline void __kvm_perf_overflow(struct kvm_pmc *pmc, bool in_pmi)
{
struct kvm_pmu *pmu = pmc_to_pmu(pmc);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h
index f5b6181b772c..e038bce76b9e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ struct kvm_pmu_ops {

void kvm_pmu_ops_update(const struct kvm_pmu_ops *pmu_ops);

+void kvm_handle_guest_mediated_pmi(void);
+
static inline bool kvm_pmu_has_perf_global_ctrl(struct kvm_pmu *pmu)
{
/*
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 396d1aa81732..2c34dd3f0222 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -9693,7 +9693,8 @@ int kvm_x86_vendor_init(struct kvm_x86_init_ops *ops)
set_hv_tscchange_cb(kvm_hyperv_tsc_notifier);
#endif

- __kvm_register_perf_callbacks(ops->handle_intel_pt_intr, NULL);
+ __kvm_register_perf_callbacks(ops->handle_intel_pt_intr,
+ enable_mediated_pmu ? kvm_handle_guest_mediated_pmi : NULL);

if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KVM_SW_PROTECTED_VM) && tdp_mmu_enabled)
kvm_caps.supported_vm_types |= BIT(KVM_X86_SW_PROTECTED_VM);
--
2.50.1.565.gc32cd1483b-goog