Re: [kernel-hardening] [PATCH 00/11] ARMv8.3 pointer authentication userspace support

Li Kun
2017-07-25T14:12:24Z

Hi Mark,

Could you please give us some information about the impact to
performance to help us evaluating

the influence to the system?

Thanks a lot.

Best Regards

在 2017/7/20 0:01, Mark Rutland 写道:
> This series adds support for the ARMv8.3 pointer authentication extension.
>
> Since RFC [1]:
> * Make the KVM context switch (semi-lazy)
> * Rebase to v4.13-rc1
> * Improve pointer authentication documentation
> * Add hwcap documentation
> * Various minor cleanups
>
> I've pushed the series to the arm64/pointer-auth branch [2] of my linux tree.
> I've also pushed out a necessary bootwrapper patch to the pointer-auth branch
> [3] of my bootwrapper repo.
>
>
> Extension Overview
> ==================
>
> The ARMv8.3 pointer authentication extension adds functionality to detect
> modification of pointer values, mitigating certain classes of attack such as
> stack smashing, and making return oriented programming attacks harder
>
> The extension introduces the concept of a pointer authentication code (PAC),
> which is stored in some upper bits of pointers. Each PAC is derived from the
> original pointer, another 64-bit value (e.g. the stack pointer), and a secret
> 128-bit key.
>
> New instructions are added which can be used to:
>
> * Insert a PAC into a pointer
> * Strip a PAC from a pointer
> * Authenticate strip a PAC from a pointer
>
> If authentication succeeds, the code is removed, yielding the original pointer.
> If authentication fails, bits are set in the pointer such that it is guaranteed
> to cause a fault if used.
>
> These instructions can make use of four keys:
>
> * APIAKey (A.K.A. Instruction A key)
> * APIBKey (A.K.A. Instruction B key)
> * APDAKey (A.K.A. Data A key)
> * APDBKey (A.K.A. Data B Key)
>
> A subset of these instruction encodings have been allocated from the HINT
> space, and will operate as NOPs on any ARMv8 parts which do not feature the
> extension (or if purposefully disabled by the kernel). Software using only this
> subset of the instructions should function correctly on all ARMv8-A parts.
>
> Additionally, instructions are added to authenticate small blocks of memory in
> similar fashion, using APGAKey (A.K.A. Generic key).
>
>
> This Series
> ===========
>
> This series enables the use of instructions using APIAKey, which is initialised
> and maintained per-process (shared by all threads). This series does not add
> support for APIBKey, APDAKey, APDBKey, nor APGAKey. The series only supports
> the use of an architected algorithm.
>
> I've given this some basic testing with a homebrew test suite. More ideally,
> we'd add some tests to the kernel source tree.
>
> I've added some basic KVM support, but this doesn't cater for systems with
> mismatched support. Looking forward, we'll need ID register emulation in KVM so
> that we can hide features from guests to cater for such cases.
>
>
> Open questions
> ==============
>
> * Should keys be per-thread rather than per-process?
>
> My understanding is that glibc can't (currently) handle threads having
> different keys, but it might be that another libc would prefer per-thread
> keys. If desired, we could add a mechanism for a thread to re-initialize its
> keys without an exec*().
>
> * Do we need a separate hwcap for XPAC* instructions?
>
> Library code performing stack unwinding may need to interoperate with other
> code which may or may not be using pointer authentication. It may be
> desirable to use XPAC* rather than attempting authentication and/or acquiring
> the PAC masks via ptrace.
>
> As we may expose APIBKey (potentially separately from APIAKey) in future,
> HWCAP_APIA cannot be used to determine when these instruction can/should be
> used.
>
> * Should we expose a per-process data key now, to go with the insn key?
>
> I don't currently have a use-case for this.
>
> * Should we expose generic authentication (i.e. APGAKey)?
>
> I don't currently have a use-case for this.
>
> * Should the kernel remove PACs when unwinding user stacks?
>
> This is simple to do, but it's arguably placing a policy in the kernel as to
> what we expect user stacks to look like. Regardless, userspace will have to
> perform this when unwinding with DWARF.
>
> Thanks,
> Mark.
>
> [1] http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-arm-kernel/2017-April/498941.html
> [2] git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mark/linux.git arm64/pointer-auth
> [3] git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mark/boot-wrapper-aarch64.git pointer-auth
>
> Mark Rutland (11):
> arm64: docs: describe ELF hwcaps
> asm-generic: mm_hooks: allow hooks to be overridden individually
> arm64: add pointer authentication register bits
> arm64/cpufeature: add ARMv8.3 id_aa64isar1 bits
> arm64/cpufeature: detect pointer authentication
> arm64: Don't trap host pointer auth use to EL2
> arm64: add basic pointer authentication support
> arm64: expose user PAC bit positions via ptrace
> arm64/kvm: preserve host HCR_EL2 value
> arm64/kvm: context-switch ptrauth registers
> arm64: docs: document pointer authentication
>
> Documentation/arm64/booting.txt | 8 ++
> Documentation/arm64/elf_hwcaps.txt | 138 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
> Documentation/arm64/pointer-authentication.txt | 85 +++++++++++++++
> arch/arm64/Kconfig | 23 +++++
> arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h | 4 +-
> arch/arm64/include/asm/esr.h | 3 +-
> arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_arm.h | 3 +-
> arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h | 28 ++++-
> arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h | 7 ++
> arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu.h | 5 +
> arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu_context.h | 25 ++++-
> arch/arm64/include/asm/pointer_auth.h | 97 +++++++++++++++++
> arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h | 30 ++++++
> arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/hwcap.h | 1 +
> arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h | 5 +
> arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c | 39 ++++++-
> arch/arm64/kernel/cpuinfo.c | 1 +
> arch/arm64/kernel/head.S | 19 +++-
> arch/arm64/kernel/ptrace.c | 39 +++++++
> arch/arm64/kvm/handle_exit.c | 21 ++++
> arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/Makefile | 1 +
> arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/ptrauth-sr.c | 91 ++++++++++++++++
> arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/switch.c | 9 +-
> arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/tlb.c | 6 +-
> arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c | 32 ++++++
> include/asm-generic/mm_hooks.h | 11 ++
> include/uapi/linux/elf.h | 1 +
> 27 files changed, 719 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
> create mode 100644 Documentation/arm64/elf_hwcaps.txt
> create mode 100644 Documentation/arm64/pointer-authentication.txt
> create mode 100644 arch/arm64/include/asm/pointer_auth.h
> create mode 100644 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/ptrauth-sr.c
>

--
Best Regards
Li Kun

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