[patch update] PM: Introduce core framework for run-time PM of I/O devices (rev. 7)

Rafael J. Wysocki
2009-06-27T21:51:30Z

On Saturday 27 June 2009, Alan Stern wrote:
> On Sat, 27 Jun 2009, Rafael J. Wysocki wrote:
>
> > > Speaking of races, have you noticed that the way power.work_done gets
> > > used is racy?
> >
> > Not really. :-)
> >
> > > You can't wait for the completion before releasing the
> > > lock, but then anything could happen.
> > >
> > > A safer approach would be to use a wait_queue.
> >
> > I'm not sure what you mean exactly. What's the race?
>
> Come to think of it, there really is a problem here. Because the
> wait_for_completion call occurs outside the spinlock, it can race with
> the init_completion call.

I don't really think it can, because if either __pm_runtime_suspend(), or
__pm_runtime_resume() finds RPM_SUSPENDING set in the status, it will wait for
the completion and won't reinitialize it until it's been completed.

> It's not good for both of them to run at the same time; the completion's
> internal spinlock and list pointers could get corrupted.

Nevertheless, I reworked the patch to use a wait queue instead of the
completion. This also helps pm_runtime_disable() to ensure that
->runtime_idle() won't be running after it returns.

> Therefore I stand by my original assertion: The struct completion
> should be replaced with a wait_queue. Set the runtime_error field to
> -EINPROGRESS initially, and make other threads wait until the value
> changes.

Since runtime_error only changes along with the status, I think it's sufficient
to wait for the status to change.

The updated patch below also addresses some other comments from your previous
messages and from Magnus.

Thanks,
Rafael

---
From: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Subject: PM: Introduce core framework for run-time PM of I/O devices (rev. 7)

Introduce a core framework for run-time power management of I/O
devices. Add device run-time PM fields to 'struct dev_pm_info'
and device run-time PM callbacks to 'struct dev_pm_ops'. Introduce
a run-time PM workqueue and define some device run-time PM helper
functions at the core level. Document all these things.

Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
---
drivers/base/dd.c | 10
drivers/base/power/Makefile | 1
drivers/base/power/main.c | 16
drivers/base/power/power.h | 11
drivers/base/power/runtime.c | 846 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
include/linux/pm.h | 117 +++++
include/linux/pm_runtime.h | 124 ++++++
kernel/power/Kconfig | 14
kernel/power/main.c | 17
9 files changed, 1145 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

Index: linux-2.6/kernel/power/Kconfig
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.orig/kernel/power/Kconfig
+++ linux-2.6/kernel/power/Kconfig
@@ -208,3 +208,17 @@ config APM_EMULATION
random kernel OOPSes or reboots that don't seem to be related to
anything, try disabling/enabling this option (or disabling/enabling
APM in your BIOS).
+
+config PM_RUNTIME
+ bool "Run-time PM core functionality"
+ depends on PM
+ ---help---
+ Enable functionality allowing I/O devices to be put into energy-saving
+ (low power) states at run time (or autosuspended) after a specified
+ period of inactivity and woken up in response to a hardware-generated
+ wake-up event or a driver's request.
+
+ Hardware support is generally required for this functionality to work
+ and the bus type drivers of the buses the devices are on are
+ responsible for the actual handling of the autosuspend requests and
+ wake-up events.
Index: linux-2.6/kernel/power/main.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.orig/kernel/power/main.c
+++ linux-2.6/kernel/power/main.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
#include <linux/kobject.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/resume-trace.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>

#include "power.h"

@@ -217,8 +218,24 @@ static struct attribute_group attr_group
.attrs = g,
};

+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_RUNTIME
+struct workqueue_struct *pm_wq;
+
+static int __init pm_start_workqueue(void)
+{
+ pm_wq = create_freezeable_workqueue("pm");
+
+ return pm_wq ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
+}
+#else
+static inline int pm_start_workqueue(void) { return 0; }
+#endif
+
static int __init pm_init(void)
{
+ int error = pm_start_workqueue();
+ if (error)
+ return error;
power_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("power", NULL);
if (!power_kobj)
return -ENOMEM;
Index: linux-2.6/include/linux/pm.h
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.orig/include/linux/pm.h
+++ linux-2.6/include/linux/pm.h
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
#define _LINUX_PM_H

#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>

/*
* Callbacks for platform drivers to implement.
@@ -165,6 +168,28 @@ typedef struct pm_message {
* It is allowed to unregister devices while the above callbacks are being
* executed. However, it is not allowed to unregister a device from within any
* of its own callbacks.
+ *
+ * There also are the following callbacks related to run-time power management
+ * of devices:
+ *
+ * @runtime_suspend: Prepare the device for a condition in which it won't be
+ * able to communicate with the CPU(s) and RAM due to power management.
+ * This need not mean that the device should be put into a low power state.
+ * For example, if the device is behind a link which is about to be turned
+ * off, the device may remain at full power. If the device does go to low
+ * power and if device_may_wakeup(dev) is true, remote wake-up (i.e., a
+ * hardware mechanism allowing the device to request a change of its power
+ * state, such as PCI PME) should be enabled for it.
+ *
+ * @runtime_resume: Put the device into the fully active state in response to a
+ * wake-up event generated by hardware or at the request of software. If
+ * necessary, put the device into the full power state and restore its
+ * registers, so that it is fully operational.
+ *
+ * @runtime_idle: Device appears to be inactive and it might be put into a low
+ * power state if all of the necessary conditions are satisfied. Check
+ * these conditions and handle the device as appropriate, possibly queueing
+ * a suspend request for it.
*/

struct dev_pm_ops {
@@ -182,6 +207,9 @@ struct dev_pm_ops {
int (*thaw_noirq)(struct device *dev);
int (*poweroff_noirq)(struct device *dev);
int (*restore_noirq)(struct device *dev);
+ int (*runtime_suspend)(struct device *dev);
+ int (*runtime_resume)(struct device *dev);
+ void (*runtime_idle)(struct device *dev);
};

/**
@@ -315,14 +343,97 @@ enum dpm_state {
DPM_OFF_IRQ,
};

+/**
+ * Device run-time power management state.
+ *
+ * These state labels are used internally by the PM core to indicate the current
+ * status of a device with respect to the PM core operations. They do not
+ * reflect the actual power state of the device or its status as seen by the
+ * driver.
+ *
+ * RPM_ACTIVE Device is fully operational, no run-time PM requests are
+ * pending for it.
+ *
+ * RPM_NOTIFY Idle notification has been scheduled for the device.
+ *
+ * RPM_NOTIFYING Device bus type's ->runtime_idle() callback is being
+ * executed (as a result of a scheduled idle notification
+ * request).
+ *
+ * RPM_IDLE It has been requested that the device be suspended.
+ * Suspend request has been put into the run-time PM
+ * workqueue and it's pending execution.
+ *
+ * RPM_SUSPEND Attempt to suspend the device has started (as a result
+ * of a scheduled request or synchronously), but the device
+ * bus type's ->runtime_suspend() callback has not been
+ * executed yet.
+ *
+ * RPM_SUSPENDING Device bus type's ->runtime_suspend() callback is being
+ * executed.
+ *
+ * RPM_SUSPENDED Device bus type's ->runtime_suspend() callback has
+ * completed successfully. The device is regarded as
+ * suspended.
+ *
+ * RPM_WAKE It has been requested that the device be woken up.
+ * Resume request has been put into the run-time PM
+ * workqueue and it's pending execution.
+ *
+ * RPM_RESUME Attempt to wake up the device has started (as a result
+ * of a scheduled request or synchronously), but the device
+ * bus type's ->runtime_resume() callback has not been
+ * executed yet.
+ *
+ * RPM_RESUMING Device bus type's ->runtime_resume() callback is being
+ * executed.
+ *
+ * RPM_ERROR Represents a condition from which the PM core cannot
+ * recover by itself. If the device's run-time PM status
+ * field has this value, all of the run-time PM operations
+ * carried out for the device by the core will fail, until
+ * the status field is changed to either RPM_ACTIVE or
+ * RPM_SUSPENDED (it is not valid to use the other values
+ * in such a situation) by the device's driver or bus type.
+ * This happens when the device bus type's
+ * ->runtime_suspend() or ->runtime_resume() callback
+ * returns error code different from -EAGAIN or -EBUSY.
+ */
+
+#define RPM_ACTIVE 0
+
+#define RPM_NOTIFY 0x001
+#define RPM_NOTIFYING 0x002
+#define RPM_IDLE 0x004
+#define RPM_SUSPEND 0x008
+#define RPM_SUSPENDING 0x010
+#define RPM_SUSPENDED 0x020
+#define RPM_WAKE 0x040
+#define RPM_RESUME 0x080
+#define RPM_RESUMING 0x100
+
+#define RPM_ERROR 0x1FF
+
struct dev_pm_info {
pm_message_t power_state;
- unsigned can_wakeup:1;
- unsigned should_wakeup:1;
+ unsigned int can_wakeup:1;
+ unsigned int should_wakeup:1;
enum dpm_state status; /* Owned by the PM core */
-#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
struct list_head entry;
#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_RUNTIME
+ struct delayed_work suspend_work;
+ struct work_struct work;
+ wait_queue_head_t wait_queue;
+ unsigned int ignore_children:1;
+ unsigned int runtime_disabled:1;
+ unsigned int runtime_status;
+ int runtime_error;
+ atomic_t resume_count;
+ atomic_t child_count;
+ spinlock_t lock;
+#endif
};

/*
Index: linux-2.6/drivers/base/power/Makefile
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.orig/drivers/base/power/Makefile
+++ linux-2.6/drivers/base/power/Makefile
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
obj-$(CONFIG_PM) += sysfs.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PM_SLEEP) += main.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_PM_RUNTIME) += runtime.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PM_TRACE_RTC) += trace.o

ccflags-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_DRIVER) := -DDEBUG
Index: linux-2.6/drivers/base/power/runtime.c
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ linux-2.6/drivers/base/power/runtime.c
@@ -0,0 +1,846 @@
+/*
+ * drivers/base/power/runtime.c - Helper functions for device run-time PM
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2009 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>, Novell Inc.
+ *
+ * This file is released under the GPLv2.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
+#include <linux/jiffies.h>
+
+static struct device *suspend_work_to_device(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+ struct delayed_work *dw = to_delayed_work(work);
+
+ return container_of(dw, struct device, power.suspend_work);
+}
+
+static struct device *pm_work_to_device(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+ return container_of(work, struct device, power.work);
+}
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_idle - Notify device bus type if the device can be suspended.
+ * @dev: Device to notify the bus type about.
+ *
+ * It is possible that suspend request was scheduled and resume was requested
+ * before this function has a chance to run. If there's a suspend request
+ * pending only, return doing nothing, but if resume was requested in addition
+ * to it, cancel the suspend request.
+ */
+void pm_runtime_idle(struct device *dev)
+{
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ might_sleep();
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status == RPM_ERROR)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & ~(RPM_NOTIFY|RPM_WAKE))
+ /*
+ * Device suspended or run-time PM operation in progress. The
+ * RPM_NOTIFY bit should have been cleared in that case.
+ */
+ goto out;
+
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_NOTIFY;
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status == RPM_WAKE) {
+ /*
+ * Resume has been requested, and because all of the suspend
+ * status bits are clear, there must be a suspend request
+ * pending (otherwise, the resume request would have been
+ * rejected). We have to cancel that request.
+ */
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ cancel_delayed_work_sync(&dev->power.suspend_work);
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ /*
+ * Return if someone else has changed the status. Otherwise,
+ * the idle notification may still be worth running.
+ */
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status != RPM_WAKE)
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (!pm_suspend_possible(dev))
+ goto out;
+
+ /*
+ * The role of the RPM_NOTIFYING bit is to prevent ->runtime_idle() from
+ * running in parallel with itself and to help pm_runtime_disable() make
+ * sure that the ->runtime_idle() callback will not be running after it
+ * returns.
+ */
+ dev->power.runtime_status = RPM_NOTIFYING;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (dev->bus && dev->bus->pm && dev->bus->pm->runtime_idle)
+ dev->bus->pm->runtime_idle(dev);
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ /* The status might have been changed while executing runtime_idle(). */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_NOTIFYING;
+ wake_up_all(&dev->power.wait_queue);
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_runtime_idle);
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_idle_work - Run pm_runtime_idle() via pm_wq.
+ * @work: Work structure used for scheduling the execution of this function.
+ *
+ * Use @work to get the device object the idle notification has been scheduled
+ * for and run pm_runtime_idle() for it.
+ */
+static void pm_runtime_idle_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+ pm_runtime_idle(pm_work_to_device(work));
+}
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_put_atomic - Decrement resume counter and queue idle notification.
+ * @dev: Device to handle.
+ *
+ * Decrement the device's resume counter, check if the device's run-time PM
+ * status is right for suspending and queue up a request to run
+ * pm_runtime_idle() for it.
+ */
+void pm_runtime_put_atomic(struct device *dev)
+{
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (!__pm_runtime_put(dev)) {
+ dev_WARN(dev, "Unbalanced %s", __func__);
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status != RPM_ACTIVE)
+ goto out;
+
+ /*
+ * The notification is asynchronous so that this function can be called
+ * from interrupt context.
+ */
+ dev->power.runtime_status = RPM_NOTIFY;
+ INIT_WORK(&dev->power.work, pm_runtime_idle_work);
+ queue_work(pm_wq, &dev->power.work);
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_runtime_put_atomic);
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_put - Decrement resume counter and run idle notification.
+ * @dev: Device to handle.
+ *
+ * Decrement the device's resume counter and run pm_runtime_idle() for it.
+ */
+void pm_runtime_put(struct device *dev)
+{
+ if (!__pm_runtime_put(dev)) {
+ dev_WARN(dev, "Unbalanced %s", __func__);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ pm_runtime_idle(dev);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_runtime_put);
+
+/**
+ * __pm_runtime_suspend - Carry out run-time suspend of given device.
+ * @dev: Device to suspend.
+ * @sync: If unset, the funtion has been called via pm_wq.
+ *
+ * Check if the device can be suspended and run the ->runtime_suspend() callback
+ * provided by its bus type. If another suspend has been started earlier, wait
+ * for it to finish. If there's an idle notification pending, cancel it. If
+ * there's a suspend request scheduled while this function is running and @sync
+ * is 'true', cancel that request.
+ */
+int __pm_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev, bool sync)
+{
+ struct device *parent = NULL;
+ unsigned long flags;
+ bool cancel_pending = false;
+ int error = -EINVAL;
+
+ might_sleep();
+
+ repeat:
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status == RPM_ERROR)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_SUSPENDED) {
+ /* Device suspended, nothing to do. */
+ error = 0;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_SUSPENDING) {
+ DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+
+ /* Another suspend is running in parallel with us. */
+ for (;;) {
+ prepare_to_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait,
+ TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+ if (!(dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_SUSPENDING))
+ break;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ schedule();
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+ }
+ finish_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait);
+ error = dev->power.runtime_error;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & (RPM_WAKE|RPM_RESUME|RPM_RESUMING)) {
+ /* Resume is scheduled or in progress. */
+ error = -EAGAIN;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * If there's a suspend request pending and we're not running as a
+ * result of it, the request has to be cancelled, because it may be
+ * scheduled in the future and we can't leave it behind us.
+ */
+ if (sync && (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_IDLE))
+ cancel_pending = true;
+
+ /* Clear the suspend status bits in case we have to return. */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~(RPM_IDLE|RPM_SUSPEND);
+
+ if (atomic_read(&dev->power.resume_count) > 0
+ || dev->power.runtime_disabled) {
+ /* We are forbidden to suspend. */
+ error = -EAGAIN;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (!pm_children_suspended(dev)) {
+ /*
+ * We can only suspend the device if all of its children have
+ * been suspended.
+ */
+ error = -EBUSY;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Set RPM_SUSPEND in case we have to start over, to prevent idle
+ * notifications from happening and new suspend requests from being
+ * scheduled.
+ */
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_SUSPEND;
+
+ if (cancel_pending) {
+ /* Cancel the concurrent pending suspend request. */
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ cancel_delayed_work_sync(&dev->power.suspend_work);
+ goto repeat;
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_NOTIFY) {
+ /* Idle notification is pending, cancel it. */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_NOTIFY;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ cancel_work_sync(&dev->power.work);
+ goto repeat;
+ }
+
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_SUSPEND;
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_SUSPENDING;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (dev->bus && dev->bus->pm && dev->bus->pm->runtime_suspend)
+ error = dev->bus->pm->runtime_suspend(dev);
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ switch (error) {
+ case 0:
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_SUSPENDING;
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_SUSPENDED;
+ break;
+ case -EAGAIN:
+ case -EBUSY:
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= RPM_NOTIFYING;
+ break;
+ default:
+ dev->power.runtime_status = RPM_ERROR;
+ }
+ dev->power.runtime_error = error;
+ wake_up_all(&dev->power.wait_queue);
+
+ if (!error && !(dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_WAKE) && dev->parent) {
+ parent = dev->parent;
+ atomic_dec(&parent->power.child_count);
+ }
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (parent && !parent->power.ignore_children)
+ pm_runtime_idle(parent);
+
+ if (error == -EBUSY || error == -EAGAIN)
+ pm_runtime_idle(dev);
+
+ return error;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__pm_runtime_suspend);
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_suspend_work - Run __pm_runtime_suspend() for a device.
+ * @work: Work structure used for scheduling the execution of this function.
+ *
+ * Use @work to get the device object the work has been scheduled for and run
+ * __pm_runtime_suspend() for it.
+ */
+static void pm_runtime_suspend_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+ __pm_runtime_suspend(suspend_work_to_device(work), false);
+}
+
+/**
+ * pm_request_suspend - Schedule run-time suspend of given device.
+ * @dev: Device to suspend.
+ * @msec: Time to wait before attempting to suspend the device, in milliseconds.
+ */
+int pm_request_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int msec)
+{
+ unsigned long flags;
+ unsigned long delay = msecs_to_jiffies(msec);
+ int error = 0;
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status == RPM_ERROR)
+ error = -EINVAL;
+ else if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_SUSPENDED)
+ /* Device is suspended, nothing to do. */
+ error = -ECANCELED;
+ else if (atomic_read(&dev->power.resume_count) > 0
+ || dev->power.runtime_disabled
+ || (dev->power.runtime_status & (RPM_WAKE|RPM_RESUME|RPM_RESUMING)))
+ /* Can't suspend now. */
+ error = -EAGAIN;
+ else if (dev->power.runtime_status &
+ (RPM_IDLE|RPM_SUSPEND|RPM_SUSPENDING))
+ /* Already suspending or suspend request pending. */
+ error = -EINPROGRESS;
+ else if (!pm_children_suspended(dev))
+ error = -EBUSY;
+ if (error)
+ goto out;
+
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_IDLE;
+ queue_delayed_work(pm_wq, &dev->power.suspend_work, delay);
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ return error;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_request_suspend);
+
+/**
+ * __pm_runtime_resume - Carry out run-time resume of given device.
+ * @dev: Device to resume.
+ * @sync: If unset, the funtion has been called via pm_wq.
+ *
+ * Check if the device can be woken up and run the ->runtime_resume() callback
+ * provided by its bus type. If another resume has been started earlier, wait
+ * for it to finish. If there's a suspend running in parallel with this
+ * function, wait for it to finish and resume the device. If there's a suspend
+ * request or idle notification pending, cancel it. If there's a resume request
+ * scheduled while this function is running and @sync is 'true', cancel that
+ * request.
+ */
+int __pm_runtime_resume(struct device *dev, bool sync)
+{
+ struct device *parent = dev->parent;
+ unsigned long flags;
+ bool put_parent = false;
+ int error = -EINVAL;
+
+ might_sleep();
+
+ repeat:
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ repeat_locked:
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status == RPM_ERROR)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (!(dev->power.runtime_status & ~RPM_NOTIFYING)) {
+ /* Device is operational, nothing to do. */
+ error = 0;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_RESUMING) {
+ DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+
+ /*
+ * There's another resume running in parallel with us. Wait for
+ * it to complete and return.
+ */
+ for (;;) {
+ prepare_to_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait,
+ TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+ if (!(dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_RESUMING))
+ break;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ schedule();
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+ }
+ finish_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait);
+ error = dev->power.runtime_error;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_disabled) {
+ /* Clear the resume flags before returning. */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~(RPM_WAKE|RPM_RESUME);
+ error = -EAGAIN;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Set RPM_RESUME in case we have to start over, to prevent suspends and
+ * idle notifications from happening and new resume requests from being
+ * queued up.
+ */
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_RESUME;
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_SUSPENDING) {
+ DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+
+ /*
+ * Suspend is running in parallel with us. Wait for it to
+ * complete and repeat.
+ */
+ for (;;) {
+ prepare_to_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait,
+ TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+ if (!(dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_SUSPENDING))
+ break;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ schedule();
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+ }
+ finish_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait);
+ goto repeat_locked;
+ }
+
+ if ((dev->power.runtime_status & (RPM_IDLE|RPM_WAKE))
+ && !(dev->power.runtime_status &
+ (RPM_SUSPEND|RPM_SUSPENDING|RPM_SUSPENDED))) {
+ /* Suspend request is pending that we're supposed to cancel. */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_IDLE;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ cancel_delayed_work_sync(&dev->power.suspend_work);
+ goto repeat;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Clear RPM_SUSPEND in case we've been running in parallel with
+ * __pm_runtime_suspend().
+ */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_SUSPEND;
+
+ if ((sync && (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_WAKE))
+ || (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_NOTIFY)) {
+ /*
+ * Idle notification is pending and since we're running the
+ * device is not idle, or there's a resume request pending and
+ * we're not running as a result of it. In both cases it's
+ * better to cancel the request.
+ */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~(RPM_NOTIFY|RPM_WAKE);
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ cancel_work_sync(&dev->power.work);
+ goto repeat;
+ }
+
+ /* Clear the resume status flags in case we have to return. */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~(RPM_WAKE|RPM_RESUME);
+
+ if (!(dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_SUSPENDED)) {
+ /*
+ * If the device is not suspended at this point, we have
+ * nothing to do.
+ */
+ error = 0;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (!put_parent && parent) {
+ /*
+ * Increase the parent's resume counter and request that it be
+ * woken up if necessary.
+ */
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ put_parent = true;
+ error = pm_runtime_get_and_resume(parent);
+ if (error)
+ goto out_parent;
+
+ error = -EINVAL;
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_RESUME;
+ goto repeat;
+ }
+
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_SUSPENDED;
+
+ if (parent)
+ atomic_inc(&parent->power.child_count);
+
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_RESUMING;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (dev->bus && dev->bus->pm && dev->bus->pm->runtime_resume)
+ error = dev->bus->pm->runtime_resume(dev);
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_RESUMING;
+ if (error)
+ dev->power.runtime_status = RPM_ERROR;
+ dev->power.runtime_error = error;
+ wake_up_all(&dev->power.wait_queue);
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ out_parent:
+ if (put_parent)
+ pm_runtime_put(parent);
+
+ if (!error)
+ pm_runtime_idle(dev);
+
+ return error;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__pm_runtime_resume);
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_resume_work - Run __pm_runtime_resume() for a device.
+ * @work: Work structure used for scheduling the execution of this function.
+ *
+ * Use @work to get the device object the work has been scheduled for and run
+ * __pm_runtime_resume() for it.
+ */
+static void pm_runtime_resume_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+ __pm_runtime_resume(pm_work_to_device(work), false);
+}
+
+/**
+ * pm_request_resume - Schedule run-time resume of given device.
+ * @dev: Device to resume.
+ */
+int pm_request_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+ struct device *parent = dev->parent;
+ unsigned long flags;
+ int error = 0;
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status == RPM_ERROR) {
+ error = -EINVAL;
+ } else if (dev->power.runtime_disabled) {
+ error = -EAGAIN;
+ } else if (!(dev->power.runtime_status & ~RPM_NOTIFYING)) {
+ /* Device is operational, nothing to do. */
+ error = -ECANCELED;
+ } else if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_NOTIFY) {
+ /*
+ * Device has an idle notification pending, which is not a
+ * problem unless there's a suspend request pending in addition
+ * to it. In that case, ask the idle notification work function
+ * to cancel the suspend request.
+ */
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_IDLE) {
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_IDLE;
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_WAKE;
+ error = -EALREADY;
+ } else {
+ error = -ECANCELED;
+ }
+ } else if (dev->power.runtime_status &
+ (RPM_WAKE|RPM_RESUME|RPM_RESUMING)) {
+ error = -EINPROGRESS;
+ }
+ if (error)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_IDLE) {
+ /* Suspend request is pending. Make sure it won't run. */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_IDLE;
+ INIT_WORK(&dev->power.work, pm_runtime_idle_work);
+ error = -EALREADY;
+ goto queue;
+ }
+
+ if ((dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_SUSPENDED) && parent)
+ atomic_inc(&parent->power.child_count);
+
+ INIT_WORK(&dev->power.work, pm_runtime_resume_work);
+
+ queue:
+ dev->power.runtime_status |= RPM_WAKE;
+ queue_work(pm_wq, &dev->power.work);
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ return error;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_request_resume);
+
+/**
+ * __pm_runtime_set_status - Set run-time PM status of a device.
+ * @dev: Device to handle.
+ * @status: New run-time PM status of the device.
+ *
+ * If run-time PM of the device is disabled or its run-time PM status is
+ * RPM_ERROR, the status may be set either to RPM_ACTIVE, or to RPM_SUSPENDED,
+ * as long as that reflects the actual state of the device.
+ */
+void __pm_runtime_set_status(struct device *dev, unsigned int status)
+{
+ struct device *parent = dev->parent;
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ if (status & ~RPM_SUSPENDED)
+ return;
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status == status)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status != RPM_ERROR
+ && !dev->power.runtime_disabled)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (parent) {
+ if (status == RPM_SUSPENDED)
+ atomic_dec(&parent->power.child_count);
+ else if (dev->power.runtime_status == RPM_SUSPENDED)
+ atomic_inc(&parent->power.child_count);
+ }
+ dev->power.runtime_status = status;
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__pm_runtime_set_status);
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_enable - Enable run-time PM of a device.
+ * @dev: Device to handle.
+ */
+void pm_runtime_enable(struct device *dev)
+{
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ if (!dev->power.runtime_disabled)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (!__pm_runtime_put(dev))
+ dev_WARN(dev, "Unbalanced %s", __func__);
+
+ if (!atomic_read(&dev->power.resume_count))
+ dev->power.runtime_disabled = false;
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_runtime_enable);
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_disable - Disable run-time PM of a device.
+ * @dev: Device to handle.
+ *
+ * Set the power.runtime_disabled flag for the device, cancel all pending
+ * run-time PM requests for it and wait for operations in progress to complete.
+ * The device can be either active or suspended after its run-time PM has been
+ * disabled.
+ */
+void pm_runtime_disable(struct device *dev)
+{
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ pm_runtime_get(dev);
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_disabled)
+ goto out;
+
+ dev->power.runtime_disabled = true;
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status != RPM_ERROR
+ && (dev->power.runtime_status & (RPM_IDLE|RPM_WAKE))
+ && !(dev->power.runtime_status &
+ (RPM_SUSPEND|RPM_SUSPENDING|RPM_SUSPENDED))) {
+ /* Suspend request pending. */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~RPM_IDLE;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ cancel_delayed_work_sync(&dev->power.suspend_work);
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status != RPM_ERROR
+ && (dev->power.runtime_status & (RPM_WAKE|RPM_NOTIFY))) {
+ /* Resume request or idle notification pending. */
+ dev->power.runtime_status &= ~(RPM_WAKE|RPM_NOTIFY);
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ cancel_work_sync(&dev->power.work);
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status != RPM_ERROR
+ && (dev->power.runtime_status & (RPM_SUSPENDING|RPM_RESUMING))) {
+ DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+
+ /* Suspend or wake-up in progress. */
+ for (;;) {
+ prepare_to_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait,
+ TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+ if (!(dev->power.runtime_status &
+ (RPM_SUSPENDING|RPM_RESUMING)))
+ break;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ schedule();
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+ }
+ finish_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait);
+ }
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status != RPM_ERROR
+ && (dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_NOTIFYING)) {
+ DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+
+ /* Idle notification in progress. */
+ for (;;) {
+ prepare_to_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait,
+ TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+ if (!(dev->power.runtime_status & RPM_NOTIFYING))
+ break;
+
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+
+ schedule();
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+ }
+ finish_wait(&dev->power.wait_queue, &wait);
+ }
+
+ out:
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_runtime_disable);
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_init - Initialize run-time PM fields in given device object.
+ * @dev: Device object to initialize.
+ */
+void pm_runtime_init(struct device *dev)
+{
+ spin_lock_init(&dev->power.lock);
+
+ dev->power.runtime_status = RPM_ACTIVE;
+ dev->power.runtime_disabled = true;
+ atomic_set(&dev->power.resume_count, 1);
+
+ atomic_set(&dev->power.child_count, 0);
+ pm_suspend_ignore_children(dev, false);
+
+ INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&dev->power.suspend_work, pm_runtime_suspend_work);
+ init_waitqueue_head(&dev->power.wait_queue);
+}
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_add - Update run-time PM fields of a device while adding it.
+ * @dev: Device object being added to device hierarchy.
+ */
+void pm_runtime_add(struct device *dev)
+{
+ if (dev->parent)
+ atomic_inc(&dev->parent->power.child_count);
+}
+
+/**
+ * pm_runtime_remove - Prepare for removing a device from device hierarchy.
+ * @dev: Device object being removed from device hierarchy.
+ */
+void pm_runtime_remove(struct device *dev)
+{
+ struct device *parent = dev->parent;
+
+ pm_runtime_disable(dev);
+
+ if (dev->power.runtime_status != RPM_SUSPENDED && parent) {
+ atomic_dec(&parent->power.child_count);
+ if (!parent->power.ignore_children)
+ pm_runtime_idle(parent);
+ }
+}
Index: linux-2.6/include/linux/pm_runtime.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ linux-2.6/include/linux/pm_runtime.h
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * pm_runtime.h - Device run-time power management helper functions.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
+ *
+ * This file is released under the GPLv2.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _LINUX_PM_RUNTIME_H
+#define _LINUX_PM_RUNTIME_H
+
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/pm.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_RUNTIME
+
+extern struct workqueue_struct *pm_wq;
+
+extern void pm_runtime_init(struct device *dev);
+extern void pm_runtime_add(struct device *dev);
+extern void pm_runtime_remove(struct device *dev);
+extern void pm_runtime_idle(struct device *dev);
+extern void pm_runtime_put_atomic(struct device *dev);
+extern void pm_runtime_put(struct device *dev);
+extern int __pm_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev, bool sync);
+extern int pm_request_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int msec);
+extern int __pm_runtime_resume(struct device *dev, bool sync);
+extern int pm_request_resume(struct device *dev);
+extern void __pm_runtime_set_status(struct device *dev, unsigned int status);
+extern void pm_runtime_enable(struct device *dev);
+extern void pm_runtime_disable(struct device *dev);
+
+static inline void pm_runtime_get(struct device *dev)
+{
+ atomic_inc(&dev->power.resume_count);
+}
+
+static inline bool __pm_runtime_put(struct device *dev)
+{
+ return !!atomic_add_unless(&dev->power.resume_count, -1, 0);
+}
+
+static inline bool pm_children_suspended(struct device *dev)
+{
+ return dev->power.ignore_children
+ || !atomic_read(&dev->power.child_count);
+}
+
+static inline bool pm_suspend_possible(struct device *dev)
+{
+ return pm_children_suspended(dev)
+ && !atomic_read(&dev->power.resume_count)
+ && !dev->power.runtime_disabled;
+}
+
+static inline void pm_suspend_ignore_children(struct device *dev, bool enable)
+{
+ dev->power.ignore_children = enable;
+}
+
+#else /* !CONFIG_PM_RUNTIME */
+
+static inline void pm_runtime_init(struct device *dev) {}
+static inline void pm_runtime_add(struct device *dev) {}
+static inline void pm_runtime_remove(struct device *dev) {}
+static inline void pm_runtime_idle(struct device *dev) {}
+static inline void pm_runtime_put_atomic(struct device *dev) {}
+static inline void pm_runtime_put(struct device *dev) {}
+static inline int __pm_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev, bool sync)
+{
+ return -ENOSYS;
+}
+static inline int pm_request_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int msec)
+{
+ return -ENOSYS;
+}
+static inline int __pm_runtime_resume(struct device *dev, bool sync)
+{
+ return -ENOSYS;
+}
+static inline int pm_request_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+ return -ENOSYS;
+}
+static inline void __pm_runtime_set_status(struct device *dev,
+ unsigned int status) {}
+static inline void pm_runtime_enable(struct device *dev) {}
+static inline void pm_runtime_disable(struct device *dev) {}
+
+static inline void pm_runtime_get(struct device *dev) {}
+static inline bool __pm_runtime_put(struct device *dev) { return true; }
+static inline bool pm_children_suspended(struct device *dev) { return false; }
+static inline bool pm_suspend_possible(struct device *dev) { return false; }
+static inline void pm_suspend_ignore_children(struct device *dev, bool en) {}
+
+#endif /* !CONFIG_PM_RUNTIME */
+
+static inline int pm_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+ return __pm_runtime_suspend(dev, true);
+}
+
+static inline int pm_runtime_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+ return __pm_runtime_resume(dev, true);
+}
+
+static inline int pm_runtime_get_and_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+ pm_runtime_get(dev);
+ return __pm_runtime_resume(dev, true);
+}
+
+static inline void pm_runtime_set_active(struct device *dev)
+{
+ __pm_runtime_set_status(dev, RPM_ACTIVE);
+}
+
+static inline void pm_runtime_set_suspended(struct device *dev)
+{
+ __pm_runtime_set_status(dev, RPM_SUSPENDED);
+}
+
+#endif
Index: linux-2.6/drivers/base/power/main.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.orig/drivers/base/power/main.c
+++ linux-2.6/drivers/base/power/main.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/pm.h>
+#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
#include <linux/resume-trace.h>
#include <linux/rwsem.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
@@ -49,6 +50,16 @@ static DEFINE_MUTEX(dpm_list_mtx);
static bool transition_started;

/**
+ * device_pm_init - Initialize the PM-related part of a device object
+ * @dev: Device object to initialize.
+ */
+void device_pm_init(struct device *dev)
+{
+ dev->power.status = DPM_ON;
+ pm_runtime_init(dev);
+}
+
+/**
* device_pm_lock - lock the list of active devices used by the PM core
*/
void device_pm_lock(void)
@@ -88,6 +99,7 @@ void device_pm_add(struct device *dev)
}

list_add_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_list);
+ pm_runtime_add(dev);
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
}

@@ -104,6 +116,7 @@ void device_pm_remove(struct device *dev
kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
list_del_init(&dev->power.entry);
+ pm_runtime_remove(dev);
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
}

@@ -507,6 +520,7 @@ static void dpm_complete(pm_message_t st
get_device(dev);
if (dev->power.status > DPM_ON) {
dev->power.status = DPM_ON;
+ pm_runtime_enable(dev);
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);

device_complete(dev, state);
@@ -753,6 +767,7 @@ static int dpm_prepare(pm_message_t stat

get_device(dev);
dev->power.status = DPM_PREPARING;
+ pm_runtime_disable(dev);
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);

error = device_prepare(dev, state);
@@ -760,6 +775,7 @@ static int dpm_prepare(pm_message_t stat
mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
if (error) {
dev->power.status = DPM_ON;
+ pm_runtime_enable(dev);
if (error == -EAGAIN) {
put_device(dev);
continue;
Index: linux-2.6/drivers/base/dd.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.orig/drivers/base/dd.c
+++ linux-2.6/drivers/base/dd.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/async.h>
+#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>

#include "base.h"
#include "power/power.h"
@@ -202,7 +203,10 @@ int driver_probe_device(struct device_dr
pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: matched device %s with driver %s\n",
drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);

- ret = really_probe(dev, drv);
+ ret = pm_runtime_get_and_resume(dev);
+ if (!ret)
+ ret = really_probe(dev, drv);
+ __pm_runtime_put(dev);

return ret;
}
@@ -306,6 +310,8 @@ static void __device_release_driver(stru

drv = dev->driver;
if (drv) {
+ pm_runtime_disable(dev);
+
driver_sysfs_remove(dev);

if (dev->bus)
@@ -324,6 +330,8 @@ static void __device_release_driver(stru
blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
BUS_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER,
dev);
+
+ pm_runtime_enable(dev);
}
}

Index: linux-2.6/drivers/base/power/power.h
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.orig/drivers/base/power/power.h
+++ linux-2.6/drivers/base/power/power.h
@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-static inline void device_pm_init(struct device *dev)
-{
- dev->power.status = DPM_ON;
-}
-
#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP

/*
@@ -16,14 +11,16 @@ static inline struct device *to_device(s
return container_of(entry, struct device, power.entry);
}

+extern void device_pm_init(struct device *dev);
extern void device_pm_add(struct device *);
extern void device_pm_remove(struct device *);
extern void device_pm_move_before(struct device *, struct device *);
extern void device_pm_move_after(struct device *, struct device *);
extern void device_pm_move_last(struct device *);

-#else /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */
+#else /* !CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */

+static inline void device_pm_init(struct device *dev) {}
static inline void device_pm_add(struct device *dev) {}
static inline void device_pm_remove(struct device *dev) {}
static inline void device_pm_move_before(struct device *deva,
@@ -32,7 +29,7 @@ static inline void device_pm_move_after(
struct device *devb) {}
static inline void device_pm_move_last(struct device *dev) {}

-#endif
+#endif /* !CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */

#ifdef CONFIG_PM