[PATCH v4 1/1] mm/rmap: fix potential out-of-bounds page table access during batched unmap

[Lance Yang <ioworker0@gmail.com>]

From: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>

As pointed out by David[1], the batched unmap logic in try_to_unmap_one()
may read past the end of a PTE table when a large folio's PTE mappings
are not fully contained within a single page table.

While this scenario might be rare, an issue triggerable from userspace must
be fixed regardless of its likelihood. This patch fixes the out-of-bounds
access by refactoring the logic into a new helper, folio_unmap_pte_batch().

The new helper correctly calculates the safe batch size by capping the scan
at both the VMA and PMD boundaries. To simplify the code, it also supports
partial batching (i.e., any number of pages from 1 up to the calculated
safe maximum), as there is no strong reason to special-case for fully
mapped folios.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/a694398c-9f03-4737-81b9-7e49c857fcbe@redhat.com

Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reported-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/a694398c-9f03-4737-81b9-7e49c857fcbe@redhat.com
Fixes: 354dffd29575 ("mm: support batched unmap for lazyfree large folios during reclamation")
Suggested-by: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
---
v3 -> v4:
 - Add Reported-by + Closes tags (per David)
 - Pick RB from Lorenzo - thanks!
 - Pick AB from David - thanks!
 - https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20250630011305.23754-1-lance.yang@linux.dev

v2 -> v3:
 - Tweak changelog (per Barry and David)
 - Pick AB from Barry - thanks!
 - https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20250627062319.84936-1-lance.yang@linux.dev

v1 -> v2:
 - Update subject and changelog (per Barry)
 - https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20250627025214.30887-1-lance.yang@linux.dev

 mm/rmap.c | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/rmap.c b/mm/rmap.c
index fb63d9256f09..1320b88fab74 100644
--- a/mm/rmap.c
+++ b/mm/rmap.c
@@ -1845,23 +1845,32 @@ void folio_remove_rmap_pud(struct folio *folio, struct page *page,
 #endif
 }
 
-/* We support batch unmapping of PTEs for lazyfree large folios */
-static inline bool can_batch_unmap_folio_ptes(unsigned long addr,
-			struct folio *folio, pte_t *ptep)
+static inline unsigned int folio_unmap_pte_batch(struct folio *folio,
+			struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw,
+			enum ttu_flags flags, pte_t pte)
 {
 	const fpb_t fpb_flags = FPB_IGNORE_DIRTY | FPB_IGNORE_SOFT_DIRTY;
-	int max_nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
-	pte_t pte = ptep_get(ptep);
+	unsigned long end_addr, addr = pvmw->address;
+	struct vm_area_struct *vma = pvmw->vma;
+	unsigned int max_nr;
+
+	if (flags & TTU_HWPOISON)
+		return 1;
+	if (!folio_test_large(folio))
+		return 1;
 
+	/* We may only batch within a single VMA and a single page table. */
+	end_addr = pmd_addr_end(addr, vma->vm_end);
+	max_nr = (end_addr - addr) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	/* We only support lazyfree batching for now ... */
 	if (!folio_test_anon(folio) || folio_test_swapbacked(folio))
-		return false;
+		return 1;
 	if (pte_unused(pte))
-		return false;
-	if (pte_pfn(pte) != folio_pfn(folio))
-		return false;
+		return 1;
 
-	return folio_pte_batch(folio, addr, ptep, pte, max_nr, fpb_flags, NULL,
-			       NULL, NULL) == max_nr;
+	return folio_pte_batch(folio, addr, pvmw->pte, pte, max_nr, fpb_flags,
+			       NULL, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2024,9 +2033,7 @@ static bool try_to_unmap_one(struct folio *folio, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			if (pte_dirty(pteval))
 				folio_mark_dirty(folio);
 		} else if (likely(pte_present(pteval))) {
-			if (folio_test_large(folio) && !(flags & TTU_HWPOISON) &&
-			    can_batch_unmap_folio_ptes(address, folio, pvmw.pte))
-				nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
+			nr_pages = folio_unmap_pte_batch(folio, &pvmw, flags, pteval);
 			end_addr = address + nr_pages * PAGE_SIZE;
 			flush_cache_range(vma, address, end_addr);
 
@@ -2206,13 +2213,16 @@ static bool try_to_unmap_one(struct folio *folio, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			hugetlb_remove_rmap(folio);
 		} else {
 			folio_remove_rmap_ptes(folio, subpage, nr_pages, vma);
-			folio_ref_sub(folio, nr_pages - 1);
 		}
 		if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
 			mlock_drain_local();
-		folio_put(folio);
-		/* We have already batched the entire folio */
-		if (nr_pages > 1)
+		folio_put_refs(folio, nr_pages);
+
+		/*
+		 * If we are sure that we batched the entire folio and cleared
+		 * all PTEs, we can just optimize and stop right here.
+		 */
+		if (nr_pages == folio_nr_pages(folio))
 			goto walk_done;
 		continue;
 walk_abort:
-- 
2.49.0