[PATCH v3 00/36] KVM: arm64: Introduce vGIC-v5 with PPI support

[PATCH v3 00/36] KVM: arm64: Introduce vGIC-v5 with PPI support

[Sascha Bischoff]

This is the third version of the patch series to add the virtual
GICv5 [1] device (vgic_v5). Only PPIs are supported by this initial
series, and the vgic_v5 implementation is restricted to the CPU
interface, only. Further patch series are to follow in due course, and
will add support for SPIs, LPIs, the GICv5 IRS, and the GICv5 ITS.

v1 and v2 of this series can be found at [2] & [3], respectively.

Main changes since v2:

* Reworked the PPI save/restore mechanisms to remove the _entry/_exit
  from the vcpu, and instead use per-cpu data structures
  (kvm_host_data).
* PPI priorities are only synced back to KVM's shadow state on
  entering a WFI, rather than whenever checking for pending PPIs.
* Optimised PPI state tracking to reduce the number of locks taken and
  PPIs iterated over using the masks of PPIs exposed to the
  guest. Where reasonable, masks, HMR are stored once per VM rather
  than per VCPU.
* Reduced PPI trapping requirements - now only the
  ICC_PPI_ENABLERx_EL1 writes are trapped.
* Fixed a case where the GICv3 VMCR clean up did cause a functional
  change (thanks for spotting that one, Jonathan!)
* General code clean-ups, fixes.
* Added Reviewed-by tags where appropriate.

The following is still outstanding:

* Allow for sparse PPI state storage (e.g., xarrays). Given that most
  of the 128 potential PPIs will never be used with a guest, it is
  extremely wasteful to allocate storage for them.

These changes are based on v6.19-rc4. As before, the first commit has
been cherry-picked from Marc's VTCR sanitisation series [4].

Thanks all for the feedback so far (Marc, Jonathan, Joey, & Lorenzo),
and for any more you may have!

Sascha

[1] https://developer.arm.com/documentation/aes0070/latest
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251212152215.675767-1-sascha.bischoff@arm.com/
[3] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251219155222.1383109-1-sascha.bischoff@arm.com/
[4] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251210173024.561160-1-maz@kernel.org/

Marc Zyngier (1):
  KVM: arm64: Account for RES1 bits in DECLARE_FEAT_MAP() and co

Sascha Bischoff (35):
  KVM: arm64: gic-v3: Switch vGIC-v3 to use generated ICH_VMCR_EL2
  arm64/sysreg: Drop ICH_HFGRTR_EL2.ICC_HAPR_EL1 and make RES1
  arm64/sysreg: Add remaining GICv5 ICC_ & ICH_ sysregs for KVM support
  arm64/sysreg: Add GICR CDNMIA encoding
  KVM: arm64: gic: Set vgic_model before initing private IRQs
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add ARM_VGIC_V5 device to KVM headers
  KVM: arm64: gic: Introduce interrupt type helpers
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add Arm copyright header
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Detect implemented PPIs on boot
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Sanitize ID_AA64PFR2_EL1.GCIE
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Support GICv5 FGTs & FGUs
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add emulation for ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 accesses
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add vgic-v5 save/restore hyp interface
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement GICv5 load/put and save/restore
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement direct injection of PPIs
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Finalize GICv5 PPIs and generate mask
  KVM: arm64: gic: Introduce queue_irq_unlock and set_pending_state to
    irq_ops
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement PPI interrupt injection
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Init Private IRQs (PPIs) for GICv5
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Check for pending PPIs
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Trap and mask guest ICC_PPI_ENABLERx_EL1 writes
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Support GICv5 interrupts with KVM_IRQ_LINE
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Create, init vgic_v5
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Reset vcpu state
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Bump arch timer for GICv5
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Mandate architected PPI for PMU emulation on GICv5
  KVM: arm64: gic: Hide GICv5 for protected guests
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Hide FEAT_GCIE from NV GICv5 guests
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Introduce kvm_arm_vgic_v5_ops and register them
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Set ICH_VCTLR_EL2.En on boot
  irqchip/gic-v5: Check if impl is virt capable
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Probe for GICv5 device
  Documentation: KVM: Introduce documentation for VGICv5
  KVM: arm64: selftests: Introduce a minimal GICv5 PPI selftest
  KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Communicate userspace-driveable PPIs via a UAPI

 Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst                |   6 +-
 .../virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst          |  50 ++
 Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/index.rst      |   1 +
 Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst       |   5 +-
 arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h            |   3 +-
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_asm.h              |   4 +
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h             |  35 ++
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h              |   9 +
 arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h               |  28 +-
 arch/arm64/include/asm/vncr_mapping.h         |   3 +
 arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h             |   1 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c                   | 119 +++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c                          |  38 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/config.c                       | 147 ++++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c               | 123 +++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h       |  27 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile              |   2 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c            |  32 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c              |  15 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/sys_regs.c            |   8 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c               |  68 +--
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c               | 120 ++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/Makefile               |   2 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/nested.c                       |   5 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c                     |  20 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c                     |  95 ++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c               | 126 ++--
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c         | 100 ++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-mmio.c               |  28 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3-nested.c          |   8 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3.c                 |  48 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c                 | 570 +++++++++++++++++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c                    | 109 +++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h                    |  48 +-
 arch/arm64/tools/sysreg                       | 482 ++++++++++++++-
 drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5-irs.c              |   4 +
 drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5.c                  |  10 +
 include/kvm/arm_arch_timer.h                  |  11 +-
 include/kvm/arm_pmu.h                         |   5 +-
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h                        | 151 ++++-
 include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h            |  39 ++
 include/linux/kvm_host.h                      |   1 +
 include/uapi/linux/kvm.h                      |   2 +
 tools/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h       |   1 +
 tools/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h                |   2 +
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm      |   1 +
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/vgic_v5.c   | 220 +++++++
 .../selftests/kvm/include/arm64/gic_v5.h      | 148 +++++
 48 files changed, 2797 insertions(+), 283 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst
 create mode 100644 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/vgic_v5.c
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/gic_v5.h

--
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 02/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v3: Switch vGIC-v3 to use generated ICH_VMCR_EL2

[Sascha Bischoff]

From: Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com>

The VGIC-v3 code relied on hand-written definitions for the
ICH_VMCR_EL2 register. This register, and the associated fields, is
now generated as part of the sysreg framework. Move to using the
generated definitions instead of the hand-written ones.

There are no functional changes as part of this change.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h      | 21 ---------
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c      | 68 ++++++++++------------------
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3-nested.c |  8 ++--
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3.c        | 48 +++++++++-----------
 4 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 95 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
index 9df51accbb025..b3b8b8cd7bf1e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
@@ -560,7 +560,6 @@
 #define SYS_ICC_SRE_EL2			sys_reg(3, 4, 12, 9, 5)
 #define SYS_ICH_EISR_EL2		sys_reg(3, 4, 12, 11, 3)
 #define SYS_ICH_ELRSR_EL2		sys_reg(3, 4, 12, 11, 5)
-#define SYS_ICH_VMCR_EL2		sys_reg(3, 4, 12, 11, 7)
 
 #define __SYS__LR0_EL2(x)		sys_reg(3, 4, 12, 12, x)
 #define SYS_ICH_LR0_EL2			__SYS__LR0_EL2(0)
@@ -988,26 +987,6 @@
 #define ICH_LR_PRIORITY_SHIFT	48
 #define ICH_LR_PRIORITY_MASK	(0xffULL << ICH_LR_PRIORITY_SHIFT)
 
-/* ICH_VMCR_EL2 bit definitions */
-#define ICH_VMCR_ACK_CTL_SHIFT	2
-#define ICH_VMCR_ACK_CTL_MASK	(1 << ICH_VMCR_ACK_CTL_SHIFT)
-#define ICH_VMCR_FIQ_EN_SHIFT	3
-#define ICH_VMCR_FIQ_EN_MASK	(1 << ICH_VMCR_FIQ_EN_SHIFT)
-#define ICH_VMCR_CBPR_SHIFT	4
-#define ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK	(1 << ICH_VMCR_CBPR_SHIFT)
-#define ICH_VMCR_EOIM_SHIFT	9
-#define ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK	(1 << ICH_VMCR_EOIM_SHIFT)
-#define ICH_VMCR_BPR1_SHIFT	18
-#define ICH_VMCR_BPR1_MASK	(7 << ICH_VMCR_BPR1_SHIFT)
-#define ICH_VMCR_BPR0_SHIFT	21
-#define ICH_VMCR_BPR0_MASK	(7 << ICH_VMCR_BPR0_SHIFT)
-#define ICH_VMCR_PMR_SHIFT	24
-#define ICH_VMCR_PMR_MASK	(0xffUL << ICH_VMCR_PMR_SHIFT)
-#define ICH_VMCR_ENG0_SHIFT	0
-#define ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK	(1 << ICH_VMCR_ENG0_SHIFT)
-#define ICH_VMCR_ENG1_SHIFT	1
-#define ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK	(1 << ICH_VMCR_ENG1_SHIFT)
-
 /*
  * Permission Indirection Extension (PIE) permission encodings.
  * Encodings with the _O suffix, have overlays applied (Permission Overlay Extension).
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
index 0b670a033fd87..ff10fc71fcd5d 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
@@ -569,11 +569,11 @@ static int __vgic_v3_highest_priority_lr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr,
 			continue;
 
 		/* Group-0 interrupt, but Group-0 disabled? */
-		if (!(val & ICH_LR_GROUP) && !(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK))
+		if (!(val & ICH_LR_GROUP) && !(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG0_MASK))
 			continue;
 
 		/* Group-1 interrupt, but Group-1 disabled? */
-		if ((val & ICH_LR_GROUP) && !(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK))
+		if ((val & ICH_LR_GROUP) && !(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG1_MASK))
 			continue;
 
 		/* Not the highest priority? */
@@ -646,19 +646,19 @@ static int __vgic_v3_get_highest_active_priority(void)
 
 static unsigned int __vgic_v3_get_bpr0(u32 vmcr)
 {
-	return (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_BPR0_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_BPR0_SHIFT;
+	return FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VBPR0, vmcr);
 }
 
 static unsigned int __vgic_v3_get_bpr1(u32 vmcr)
 {
 	unsigned int bpr;
 
-	if (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK) {
+	if (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR_MASK) {
 		bpr = __vgic_v3_get_bpr0(vmcr);
 		if (bpr < 7)
 			bpr++;
 	} else {
-		bpr = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_BPR1_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_BPR1_SHIFT;
+		bpr = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VBPR1, vmcr);
 	}
 
 	return bpr;
@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@ static void __vgic_v3_read_iar(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 	if (grp != !!(lr_val & ICH_LR_GROUP))
 		goto spurious;
 
-	pmr = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_PMR_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_PMR_SHIFT;
+	pmr = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, vmcr);
 	lr_prio = (lr_val & ICH_LR_PRIORITY_MASK) >> ICH_LR_PRIORITY_SHIFT;
 	if (pmr <= lr_prio)
 		goto spurious;
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ static int ___vgic_v3_write_dir(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 	int lr;
 
 	/* EOImode == 0, nothing to be done here */
-	if (!(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK))
+	if (!(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM_MASK))
 		return 1;
 
 	/* No deactivate to be performed on an LPI */
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ static void __vgic_v3_write_eoir(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 	}
 
 	/* EOImode == 1 and not an LPI, nothing to be done here */
-	if ((vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK) && !(vid >= VGIC_MIN_LPI))
+	if ((vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM_MASK) && !(vid >= VGIC_MIN_LPI))
 		return;
 
 	lr_prio = (lr_val & ICH_LR_PRIORITY_MASK) >> ICH_LR_PRIORITY_SHIFT;
@@ -865,22 +865,19 @@ static void __vgic_v3_write_eoir(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 
 static void __vgic_v3_read_igrpen0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 {
-	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, !!(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK));
+	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG0, vmcr));
 }
 
 static void __vgic_v3_read_igrpen1(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 {
-	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, !!(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK));
+	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG1, vmcr));
 }
 
 static void __vgic_v3_write_igrpen0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 {
 	u64 val = vcpu_get_reg(vcpu, rt);
 
-	if (val & 1)
-		vmcr |= ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK;
-	else
-		vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK;
+	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG0, &vmcr, val & 1);
 
 	__vgic_v3_write_vmcr(vmcr);
 }
@@ -889,10 +886,7 @@ static void __vgic_v3_write_igrpen1(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 {
 	u64 val = vcpu_get_reg(vcpu, rt);
 
-	if (val & 1)
-		vmcr |= ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK;
-	else
-		vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK;
+	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG1, &vmcr, val & 1);
 
 	__vgic_v3_write_vmcr(vmcr);
 }
@@ -916,10 +910,7 @@ static void __vgic_v3_write_bpr0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 	if (val < bpr_min)
 		val = bpr_min;
 
-	val <<= ICH_VMCR_BPR0_SHIFT;
-	val &= ICH_VMCR_BPR0_MASK;
-	vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_BPR0_MASK;
-	vmcr |= val;
+	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VBPR0, &vmcr, val);
 
 	__vgic_v3_write_vmcr(vmcr);
 }
@@ -929,17 +920,14 @@ static void __vgic_v3_write_bpr1(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 	u64 val = vcpu_get_reg(vcpu, rt);
 	u8 bpr_min = __vgic_v3_bpr_min();
 
-	if (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK)
+	if (FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, val))
 		return;
 
 	/* Enforce BPR limiting */
 	if (val < bpr_min)
 		val = bpr_min;
 
-	val <<= ICH_VMCR_BPR1_SHIFT;
-	val &= ICH_VMCR_BPR1_MASK;
-	vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_BPR1_MASK;
-	vmcr |= val;
+	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VBPR1, &vmcr, val);
 
 	__vgic_v3_write_vmcr(vmcr);
 }
@@ -1029,19 +1017,14 @@ static void __vgic_v3_read_hppir(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 
 static void __vgic_v3_read_pmr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 {
-	vmcr &= ICH_VMCR_PMR_MASK;
-	vmcr >>= ICH_VMCR_PMR_SHIFT;
-	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, vmcr);
+	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, vmcr));
 }
 
 static void __vgic_v3_write_pmr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 {
 	u32 val = vcpu_get_reg(vcpu, rt);
 
-	val <<= ICH_VMCR_PMR_SHIFT;
-	val &= ICH_VMCR_PMR_MASK;
-	vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_PMR_MASK;
-	vmcr |= val;
+	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, &vmcr, val);
 
 	write_gicreg(vmcr, ICH_VMCR_EL2);
 }
@@ -1064,9 +1047,10 @@ static void __vgic_v3_read_ctlr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 	/* A3V */
 	val |= ((vtr >> 21) & 1) << ICC_CTLR_EL1_A3V_SHIFT;
 	/* EOImode */
-	val |= ((vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_EOIM_SHIFT) << ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_SHIFT;
+	val |= FIELD_PREP(ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK,
+			  FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM, vmcr));
 	/* CBPR */
-	val |= (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_CBPR_SHIFT;
+	val |= FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, vmcr);
 
 	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, val);
 }
@@ -1075,15 +1059,11 @@ static void __vgic_v3_write_ctlr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
 {
 	u32 val = vcpu_get_reg(vcpu, rt);
 
-	if (val & ICC_CTLR_EL1_CBPR_MASK)
-		vmcr |= ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK;
-	else
-		vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK;
+	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, &vmcr,
+		     FIELD_GET(ICC_CTLR_EL1_CBPR_MASK, val));
 
-	if (val & ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK)
-		vmcr |= ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK;
-	else
-		vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK;
+	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM, &vmcr,
+		     FIELD_GET(ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK, val));
 
 	write_gicreg(vmcr, ICH_VMCR_EL2);
 }
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3-nested.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3-nested.c
index 61b44f3f2bf14..c9e35ec671173 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3-nested.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3-nested.c
@@ -202,16 +202,16 @@ u64 vgic_v3_get_misr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_NPIE) && !mi_state.pend)
 		reg |= ICH_MISR_EL2_NP;
 
-	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp0EIE) && (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK))
+	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp0EIE) && (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG0_MASK))
 		reg |= ICH_MISR_EL2_VGrp0E;
 
-	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp0DIE) && !(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK))
+	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp0DIE) && !(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG0_MASK))
 		reg |= ICH_MISR_EL2_VGrp0D;
 
-	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp1EIE) && (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK))
+	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp1EIE) && (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG1_MASK))
 		reg |= ICH_MISR_EL2_VGrp1E;
 
-	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp1DIE) && !(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK))
+	if ((hcr & ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp1DIE) && !(vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG1_MASK))
 		reg |= ICH_MISR_EL2_VGrp1D;
 
 	return reg;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3.c
index 1d6dd1b545bdd..2afc041672311 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3.c
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ void vgic_v3_configure_hcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (!als->nr_sgi)
 		cpuif->vgic_hcr |= ICH_HCR_EL2_vSGIEOICount;
 
-	cpuif->vgic_hcr |= (cpuif->vgic_vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK) ?
+	cpuif->vgic_hcr |= (cpuif->vgic_vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG0_MASK) ?
 		ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp0DIE : ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp0EIE;
-	cpuif->vgic_hcr |= (cpuif->vgic_vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK) ?
+	cpuif->vgic_hcr |= (cpuif->vgic_vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG1_MASK) ?
 		ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp1DIE : ICH_HCR_EL2_VGrp1EIE;
 
 	/*
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ void vgic_v3_deactivate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
 	 * We only deal with DIR when EOIMode==1, and only for SGI,
 	 * PPI or SPI.
 	 */
-	if (!(cpuif->vgic_vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK) ||
+	if (!(cpuif->vgic_vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM_MASK) ||
 	    val >= vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.nr_spis + VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
 		return;
 
@@ -408,25 +408,23 @@ void vgic_v3_set_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcrp)
 	u32 vmcr;
 
 	if (model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V2) {
-		vmcr = (vmcrp->ackctl << ICH_VMCR_ACK_CTL_SHIFT) &
-			ICH_VMCR_ACK_CTL_MASK;
-		vmcr |= (vmcrp->fiqen << ICH_VMCR_FIQ_EN_SHIFT) &
-			ICH_VMCR_FIQ_EN_MASK;
+		vmcr = FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VAckCtl, vmcrp->ackctl);
+		vmcr |= FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VFIQEn, vmcrp->fiqen);
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * When emulating GICv3 on GICv3 with SRE=1 on the
 		 * VFIQEn bit is RES1 and the VAckCtl bit is RES0.
 		 */
-		vmcr = ICH_VMCR_FIQ_EN_MASK;
+		vmcr = ICH_VMCR_EL2_VFIQEn_MASK;
 	}
 
-	vmcr |= (vmcrp->cbpr << ICH_VMCR_CBPR_SHIFT) & ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK;
-	vmcr |= (vmcrp->eoim << ICH_VMCR_EOIM_SHIFT) & ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK;
-	vmcr |= (vmcrp->abpr << ICH_VMCR_BPR1_SHIFT) & ICH_VMCR_BPR1_MASK;
-	vmcr |= (vmcrp->bpr << ICH_VMCR_BPR0_SHIFT) & ICH_VMCR_BPR0_MASK;
-	vmcr |= (vmcrp->pmr << ICH_VMCR_PMR_SHIFT) & ICH_VMCR_PMR_MASK;
-	vmcr |= (vmcrp->grpen0 << ICH_VMCR_ENG0_SHIFT) & ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK;
-	vmcr |= (vmcrp->grpen1 << ICH_VMCR_ENG1_SHIFT) & ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK;
+	vmcr |= FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, vmcrp->cbpr);
+	vmcr |= FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM, vmcrp->eoim);
+	vmcr |= FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VBPR1, vmcrp->abpr);
+	vmcr |= FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VBPR0, vmcrp->bpr);
+	vmcr |= FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, vmcrp->pmr);
+	vmcr |= FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG0, vmcrp->grpen0);
+	vmcr |= FIELD_PREP(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG1, vmcrp->grpen1);
 
 	cpu_if->vgic_vmcr = vmcr;
 }
@@ -440,10 +438,8 @@ void vgic_v3_get_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcrp)
 	vmcr = cpu_if->vgic_vmcr;
 
 	if (model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V2) {
-		vmcrp->ackctl = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ACK_CTL_MASK) >>
-			ICH_VMCR_ACK_CTL_SHIFT;
-		vmcrp->fiqen = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_FIQ_EN_MASK) >>
-			ICH_VMCR_FIQ_EN_SHIFT;
+		vmcrp->ackctl = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VAckCtl, vmcr);
+		vmcrp->fiqen = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VFIQEn, vmcr);
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * When emulating GICv3 on GICv3 with SRE=1 on the
@@ -453,13 +449,13 @@ void vgic_v3_get_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcrp)
 		vmcrp->ackctl = 0;
 	}
 
-	vmcrp->cbpr = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_CBPR_SHIFT;
-	vmcrp->eoim = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_EOIM_SHIFT;
-	vmcrp->abpr = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_BPR1_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_BPR1_SHIFT;
-	vmcrp->bpr  = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_BPR0_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_BPR0_SHIFT;
-	vmcrp->pmr  = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_PMR_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_PMR_SHIFT;
-	vmcrp->grpen0 = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG0_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_ENG0_SHIFT;
-	vmcrp->grpen1 = (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_ENG1_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_ENG1_SHIFT;
+	vmcrp->cbpr = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, vmcr);
+	vmcrp->eoim = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM, vmcr);
+	vmcrp->abpr = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VBPR1, vmcr);
+	vmcrp->bpr  = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VBPR0, vmcr);
+	vmcrp->pmr  = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, vmcr);
+	vmcrp->grpen0 = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG0, vmcr);
+	vmcrp->grpen1 = FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VENG1, vmcr);
 }
 
 #define INITIAL_PENDBASER_VALUE						  \
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 02/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v3: Switch vGIC-v3 to use generated ICH_VMCR_EL2

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:39 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> From: Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com>
> 
> The VGIC-v3 code relied on hand-written definitions for the
> ICH_VMCR_EL2 register. This register, and the associated fields, is
> now generated as part of the sysreg framework. Move to using the
> generated definitions instead of the hand-written ones.
> 
> There are no functional changes as part of this change.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>

Hi Sascha,

A couple of trivial things inline that you can feel free to ignore.
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

> ---
>  arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h      | 21 ---------
>  arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c      | 68 ++++++++++------------------
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3-nested.c |  8 ++--
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3.c        | 48 +++++++++-----------
>  4 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 95 deletions(-)

> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
> index 0b670a033fd87..ff10fc71fcd5d 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c


> @@ -1064,9 +1047,10 @@ static void __vgic_v3_read_ctlr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
>  	/* A3V */
>  	val |= ((vtr >> 21) & 1) << ICC_CTLR_EL1_A3V_SHIFT;
>  	/* EOImode */
> -	val |= ((vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_EOIM_SHIFT) << ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_SHIFT;
> +	val |= FIELD_PREP(ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK,
> +			  FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM, vmcr));
>  	/* CBPR */
> -	val |= (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_CBPR_SHIFT;
> +	val |= FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, vmcr);

This one makes me a tiny bit nervous because it's not obvious that this
is kind of FIELD_PREP(FIELD_GET()) like the EOIMode above.

Only a tiny bit though, so it's fine as is.


>  
>  	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, val);
>  }
> @@ -1075,15 +1059,11 @@ static void __vgic_v3_write_ctlr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
>  {
>  	u32 val = vcpu_get_reg(vcpu, rt);
>  
> -	if (val & ICC_CTLR_EL1_CBPR_MASK)
> -		vmcr |= ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK;
> -	else
> -		vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK;
> +	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, &vmcr,
> +		     FIELD_GET(ICC_CTLR_EL1_CBPR_MASK, val));

I'm not laughing at all and the _MASK here because that header
only defines the MASK form, even for single bits :)


>  
> -	if (val & ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK)
> -		vmcr |= ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK;
> -	else
> -		vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK;
> +	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM, &vmcr,
> +		     FIELD_GET(ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK, val));
>  
>  	write_gicreg(vmcr, ICH_VMCR_EL2);
>  }

Re: [PATCH v3 02/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v3: Switch vGIC-v3 to use generated ICH_VMCR_EL2

[Sascha Bischoff]

On Mon, 2026-01-12 at 14:00 +0000, Jonathan Cameron wrote:
> On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:39 +0000
> Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:
> 
> > From: Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com>
> > 
> > The VGIC-v3 code relied on hand-written definitions for the
> > ICH_VMCR_EL2 register. This register, and the associated fields, is
> > now generated as part of the sysreg framework. Move to using the
> > generated definitions instead of the hand-written ones.
> > 
> > There are no functional changes as part of this change.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
> 
> Hi Sascha,
> 
> A couple of trivial things inline that you can feel free to ignore.
> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
> 
> > ---
> >  arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h      | 21 ---------
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c      | 68 ++++++++++--------------
> > ----
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3-nested.c |  8 ++--
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v3.c        | 48 +++++++++-----------
> >  4 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 95 deletions(-)
> 
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
> > b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
> > index 0b670a033fd87..ff10fc71fcd5d 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v3-sr.c
> 
> 
> > @@ -1064,9 +1047,10 @@ static void __vgic_v3_read_ctlr(struct
> > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
> >  	/* A3V */
> >  	val |= ((vtr >> 21) & 1) << ICC_CTLR_EL1_A3V_SHIFT;
> >  	/* EOImode */
> > -	val |= ((vmcr & ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK) >>
> > ICH_VMCR_EOIM_SHIFT) << ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_SHIFT;
> > +	val |= FIELD_PREP(ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK,
> > +			  FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM, vmcr));
> >  	/* CBPR */
> > -	val |= (vmcr & ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK) >> ICH_VMCR_CBPR_SHIFT;
> > +	val |= FIELD_GET(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, vmcr);
> 
> This one makes me a tiny bit nervous because it's not obvious that
> this
> is kind of FIELD_PREP(FIELD_GET()) like the EOIMode above.
> 
> Only a tiny bit though, so it's fine as is.

I've gone and added in the FIELD_PREP() as it does make me more
comfortable too.

> 
> 
> >  
> >  	vcpu_set_reg(vcpu, rt, val);
> >  }
> > @@ -1075,15 +1059,11 @@ static void __vgic_v3_write_ctlr(struct
> > kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vmcr, int rt)
> >  {
> >  	u32 val = vcpu_get_reg(vcpu, rt);
> >  
> > -	if (val & ICC_CTLR_EL1_CBPR_MASK)
> > -		vmcr |= ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK;
> > -	else
> > -		vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_CBPR_MASK;
> > +	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VCBPR, &vmcr,
> > +		     FIELD_GET(ICC_CTLR_EL1_CBPR_MASK, val));
> 
> I'm not laughing at all and the _MASK here because that header
> only defines the MASK form, even for single bits :)

Yeah... No comment!

Sascha

> 
> 
> >  
> > -	if (val & ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK)
> > -		vmcr |= ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK;
> > -	else
> > -		vmcr &= ~ICH_VMCR_EOIM_MASK;
> > +	FIELD_MODIFY(ICH_VMCR_EL2_VEOIM, &vmcr,
> > +		     FIELD_GET(ICC_CTLR_EL1_EOImode_MASK, val));
> >  
> >  	write_gicreg(vmcr, ICH_VMCR_EL2);
> >  }

[PATCH v3 03/36] arm64/sysreg: Drop ICH_HFGRTR_EL2.ICC_HAPR_EL1 and make RES1

[Sascha Bischoff]

The GICv5 architecture is dropping the ICC_HAPR_EL1 and ICV_HAPR_EL1
system registers. These registers were never added to the sysregs, but
the traps for them were.

Drop the trap bit from the ICH_HFGRTR_EL2 and make it Res1 as per the
upcoming GICv5 spec change. Additionally, update the EL2 setup code to
not attempt to set that bit.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h | 1 -
 arch/arm64/tools/sysreg            | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
index cacd20df1786e..07c12f4a69b41 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
@@ -225,7 +225,6 @@
 		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_ICSR_EL1		| \
 		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_PCR_EL1			| \
 		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_HPPIR_EL1		| \
-		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_HAPR_EL1		| \
 		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_CR0_EL1			| \
 		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_IDRn_EL1		| \
 		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_APR_EL1)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg b/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
index 8921b51866d64..dab5bfe8c9686 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
+++ b/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
@@ -4579,7 +4579,7 @@ Field	7	ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1
 Field	6	ICC_ICSR_EL1
 Field	5	ICC_PCR_EL1
 Field	4	ICC_HPPIR_EL1
-Field	3	ICC_HAPR_EL1
+Res1	3
 Field	2	ICC_CR0_EL1
 Field	1	ICC_IDRn_EL1
 Field	0	ICC_APR_EL1
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 03/36] arm64/sysreg: Drop ICH_HFGRTR_EL2.ICC_HAPR_EL1 and make RES1

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:39 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> The GICv5 architecture is dropping the ICC_HAPR_EL1 and ICV_HAPR_EL1
> system registers. These registers were never added to the sysregs, but
> the traps for them were.
> 
> Drop the trap bit from the ICH_HFGRTR_EL2 and make it Res1 as per the
> upcoming GICv5 spec change. Additionally, update the EL2 setup code to
> not attempt to set that bit.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
I'll take your word on it wrt to the spec change. For completeness.
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

> ---
>  arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h | 1 -
>  arch/arm64/tools/sysreg            | 2 +-
>  2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
> index cacd20df1786e..07c12f4a69b41 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
> @@ -225,7 +225,6 @@
>  		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_ICSR_EL1		| \
>  		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_PCR_EL1			| \
>  		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_HPPIR_EL1		| \
> -		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_HAPR_EL1		| \
>  		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_CR0_EL1			| \
>  		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_IDRn_EL1		| \
>  		     ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_APR_EL1)
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg b/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
> index 8921b51866d64..dab5bfe8c9686 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
> +++ b/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
> @@ -4579,7 +4579,7 @@ Field	7	ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1
>  Field	6	ICC_ICSR_EL1
>  Field	5	ICC_PCR_EL1
>  Field	4	ICC_HPPIR_EL1
> -Field	3	ICC_HAPR_EL1
> +Res1	3
>  Field	2	ICC_CR0_EL1
>  Field	1	ICC_IDRn_EL1
>  Field	0	ICC_APR_EL1

[PATCH v3 01/36] KVM: arm64: Account for RES1 bits in DECLARE_FEAT_MAP() and co

[Sascha Bischoff]

From: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>

None of the registers we manage in the feature dependency infrastructure
so far has any RES1 bit. This is about to change, as VTCR_EL2 has
its bit 31 being RES1.

In order to not fail the consistency checks by not describing a bit,
add RES1 bits to the set of immutable bits. This requires some extra
surgery for the FGT handling, as we now need to track RES1 bits there
as well.

There are no RES1 FGT bits *yet*. Watch this space.

Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h |  1 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/config.c           | 25 +++++++-------
 arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c   | 55 +++++++++++++++++--------------
 3 files changed, 45 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index ac7f970c78830..b552a1e03848c 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -638,6 +638,7 @@ struct fgt_masks {
 	u64		mask;
 	u64		nmask;
 	u64		res0;
+	u64		res1;
 };
 
 extern struct fgt_masks hfgrtr_masks;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
index 24bb3f36e9d59..3845b188551b6 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@
  */
 struct reg_bits_to_feat_map {
 	union {
-		u64	bits;
-		u64	*res0p;
+		u64		 bits;
+		struct fgt_masks *masks;
 	};
 
 #define	NEVER_FGU	BIT(0)	/* Can trap, but never UNDEF */
 #define	CALL_FUNC	BIT(1)	/* Needs to evaluate tons of crap */
 #define	FIXED_VALUE	BIT(2)	/* RAZ/WI or RAO/WI in KVM */
-#define	RES0_POINTER	BIT(3)	/* Pointer to RES0 value instead of bits */
+#define	MASKS_POINTER	BIT(3)	/* Pointer to fgt_masks struct instead of bits */
 
 	unsigned long	flags;
 
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ struct reg_feat_map_desc {
 #define NEEDS_FEAT_FIXED(m, ...)			\
 	__NEEDS_FEAT_FLAG(m, FIXED_VALUE, bits, __VA_ARGS__, 0)
 
-#define NEEDS_FEAT_RES0(p, ...)				\
-	__NEEDS_FEAT_FLAG(p, RES0_POINTER, res0p, __VA_ARGS__)
+#define NEEDS_FEAT_MASKS(p, ...)				\
+	__NEEDS_FEAT_FLAG(p, MASKS_POINTER, masks, __VA_ARGS__)
 
 /*
  * Declare the dependency between a set of bits and a set of features,
@@ -109,19 +109,20 @@ struct reg_feat_map_desc {
 #define DECLARE_FEAT_MAP(n, r, m, f)					\
 	struct reg_feat_map_desc n = {					\
 		.name			= #r,				\
-		.feat_map		= NEEDS_FEAT(~r##_RES0, f), 	\
+		.feat_map		= NEEDS_FEAT(~(r##_RES0 |	\
+						       r##_RES1), f),	\
 		.bit_feat_map		= m,				\
 		.bit_feat_map_sz	= ARRAY_SIZE(m),		\
 	}
 
 /*
  * Specialised version of the above for FGT registers that have their
- * RES0 masks described as struct fgt_masks.
+ * RESx masks described as struct fgt_masks.
  */
 #define DECLARE_FEAT_MAP_FGT(n, msk, m, f)				\
 	struct reg_feat_map_desc n = {					\
 		.name			= #msk,				\
-		.feat_map		= NEEDS_FEAT_RES0(&msk.res0, f),\
+		.feat_map		= NEEDS_FEAT_MASKS(&msk, f),	\
 		.bit_feat_map		= m,				\
 		.bit_feat_map_sz	= ARRAY_SIZE(m),		\
 	}
@@ -1168,21 +1169,21 @@ static const DECLARE_FEAT_MAP(mdcr_el2_desc, MDCR_EL2,
 			      mdcr_el2_feat_map, FEAT_AA64EL2);
 
 static void __init check_feat_map(const struct reg_bits_to_feat_map *map,
-				  int map_size, u64 res0, const char *str)
+				  int map_size, u64 resx, const char *str)
 {
 	u64 mask = 0;
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < map_size; i++)
 		mask |= map[i].bits;
 
-	if (mask != ~res0)
+	if (mask != ~resx)
 		kvm_err("Undefined %s behaviour, bits %016llx\n",
-			str, mask ^ ~res0);
+			str, mask ^ ~resx);
 }
 
 static u64 reg_feat_map_bits(const struct reg_bits_to_feat_map *map)
 {
-	return map->flags & RES0_POINTER ? ~(*map->res0p) : map->bits;
+	return map->flags & MASKS_POINTER ? (map->masks->mask | map->masks->nmask) : map->bits;
 }
 
 static void __init check_reg_desc(const struct reg_feat_map_desc *r)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c
index 834f13fb1fb7d..75d49f83342a5 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c
@@ -2105,23 +2105,24 @@ static u32 encoding_next(u32 encoding)
 }
 
 #define FGT_MASKS(__n, __m)						\
-	struct fgt_masks __n = { .str = #__m, .res0 = __m, }
-
-FGT_MASKS(hfgrtr_masks, HFGRTR_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hfgwtr_masks, HFGWTR_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hfgitr_masks, HFGITR_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hdfgrtr_masks, HDFGRTR_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hdfgwtr_masks, HDFGWTR_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hafgrtr_masks, HAFGRTR_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hfgrtr2_masks, HFGRTR2_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hfgwtr2_masks, HFGWTR2_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hfgitr2_masks, HFGITR2_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hdfgrtr2_masks, HDFGRTR2_EL2_RES0);
-FGT_MASKS(hdfgwtr2_masks, HDFGWTR2_EL2_RES0);
+	struct fgt_masks __n = { .str = #__m, .res0 = __m ## _RES0, .res1 = __m ## _RES1 }
+
+FGT_MASKS(hfgrtr_masks, HFGRTR_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hfgwtr_masks, HFGWTR_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hfgitr_masks, HFGITR_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hdfgrtr_masks, HDFGRTR_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hdfgwtr_masks, HDFGWTR_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hafgrtr_masks, HAFGRTR_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hfgrtr2_masks, HFGRTR2_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hfgwtr2_masks, HFGWTR2_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hfgitr2_masks, HFGITR2_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hdfgrtr2_masks, HDFGRTR2_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(hdfgwtr2_masks, HDFGWTR2_EL2);
 
 static __init bool aggregate_fgt(union trap_config tc)
 {
 	struct fgt_masks *rmasks, *wmasks;
+	u64 rresx, wresx;
 
 	switch (tc.fgt) {
 	case HFGRTR_GROUP:
@@ -2154,24 +2155,27 @@ static __init bool aggregate_fgt(union trap_config tc)
 		break;
 	}
 
+	rresx = rmasks->res0 | rmasks->res1;
+	if (wmasks)
+		wresx = wmasks->res0 | wmasks->res1;
+
 	/*
 	 * A bit can be reserved in either the R or W register, but
 	 * not both.
 	 */
-	if ((BIT(tc.bit) & rmasks->res0) &&
-	    (!wmasks || (BIT(tc.bit) & wmasks->res0)))
+	if ((BIT(tc.bit) & rresx) && (!wmasks || (BIT(tc.bit) & wresx)))
 		return false;
 
 	if (tc.pol)
-		rmasks->mask |= BIT(tc.bit) & ~rmasks->res0;
+		rmasks->mask |= BIT(tc.bit) & ~rresx;
 	else
-		rmasks->nmask |= BIT(tc.bit) & ~rmasks->res0;
+		rmasks->nmask |= BIT(tc.bit) & ~rresx;
 
 	if (wmasks) {
 		if (tc.pol)
-			wmasks->mask |= BIT(tc.bit) & ~wmasks->res0;
+			wmasks->mask |= BIT(tc.bit) & ~wresx;
 		else
-			wmasks->nmask |= BIT(tc.bit) & ~wmasks->res0;
+			wmasks->nmask |= BIT(tc.bit) & ~wresx;
 	}
 
 	return true;
@@ -2180,7 +2184,6 @@ static __init bool aggregate_fgt(union trap_config tc)
 static __init int check_fgt_masks(struct fgt_masks *masks)
 {
 	unsigned long duplicate = masks->mask & masks->nmask;
-	u64 res0 = masks->res0;
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	if (duplicate) {
@@ -2194,10 +2197,14 @@ static __init int check_fgt_masks(struct fgt_masks *masks)
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	masks->res0 = ~(masks->mask | masks->nmask);
-	if (masks->res0 != res0)
-		kvm_info("Implicit %s = %016llx, expecting %016llx\n",
-			 masks->str, masks->res0, res0);
+	if ((masks->res0 | masks->res1 | masks->mask | masks->nmask) != GENMASK(63, 0) ||
+	    (masks->res0 & masks->res1)  || (masks->res0 & masks->mask) ||
+	    (masks->res0 & masks->nmask) || (masks->res1 & masks->mask)  ||
+	    (masks->res1 & masks->nmask) || (masks->mask & masks->nmask)) {
+		kvm_info("Inconsistent masks for %s (%016llx, %016llx, %016llx, %016llx)\n",
+			 masks->str, masks->res0, masks->res1, masks->mask, masks->nmask);
+		masks->res0 = ~(masks->res1 | masks->mask | masks->nmask);
+	}
 
 	return ret;
 }
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 06/36] KVM: arm64: gic: Set vgic_model before initing private IRQs

[Sascha Bischoff]

Different GIC types require the private IRQs to be initialised
differently. GICv5 is the culprit as it supports both a different
number of private IRQs, and all of these are PPIs (there are no
SGIs). Moreover, as GICv5 uses the top bits of the interrupt ID to
encode the type, the intid also needs to computed differently.

Up until now, the GIC model has been set after initialising the
private IRQs for a VCPU. Move this earlier to ensure that the GIC
model is available when configuring the private IRQs. While we're at
it, also move the setting of the in_kernel flag and implementation
revision to keep them grouped together as before.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
index dc9f9db310264..86c149537493f 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
@@ -140,6 +140,10 @@ int kvm_vgic_create(struct kvm *kvm, u32 type)
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 
+	kvm->arch.vgic.in_kernel = true;
+	kvm->arch.vgic.vgic_model = type;
+	kvm->arch.vgic.implementation_rev = KVM_VGIC_IMP_REV_LATEST;
+
 	kvm_for_each_vcpu(i, vcpu, kvm) {
 		ret = vgic_allocate_private_irqs_locked(vcpu, type);
 		if (ret)
@@ -156,10 +160,6 @@ int kvm_vgic_create(struct kvm *kvm, u32 type)
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 
-	kvm->arch.vgic.in_kernel = true;
-	kvm->arch.vgic.vgic_model = type;
-	kvm->arch.vgic.implementation_rev = KVM_VGIC_IMP_REV_LATEST;
-
 	kvm->arch.vgic.vgic_dist_base = VGIC_ADDR_UNDEF;
 
 	aa64pfr0 = kvm_read_vm_id_reg(kvm, SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1) & ~ID_AA64PFR0_EL1_GIC;
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 06/36] KVM: arm64: gic: Set vgic_model before initing private IRQs

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:40 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> Different GIC types require the private IRQs to be initialised
> differently. GICv5 is the culprit as it supports both a different
> number of private IRQs, and all of these are PPIs (there are no
> SGIs). Moreover, as GICv5 uses the top bits of the interrupt ID to
> encode the type, the intid also needs to computed differently.
> 
> Up until now, the GIC model has been set after initialising the
> private IRQs for a VCPU. Move this earlier to ensure that the GIC
> model is available when configuring the private IRQs. While we're at
> it, also move the setting of the in_kernel flag and implementation
> revision to keep them grouped together as before.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

[PATCH v3 04/36] arm64/sysreg: Add remaining GICv5 ICC_ & ICH_ sysregs for KVM support

[Sascha Bischoff]

Add the GICv5 system registers required to support native GICv5 guests
with KVM. Many of the GICv5 sysregs have already been added as part of
the host GICv5 driver, keeping this set relatively small. The
registers added in this change complete the set by adding those
required by KVM either directly (ICH_) or indirectly (FGTs for the
ICC_ sysregs).

The following system registers and their fields are added:

	ICC_APR_EL1
	ICC_HPPIR_EL1
	ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1
	ICH_APR_EL2
	ICH_CONTEXTR_EL2
	ICH_PPI_ACTIVER<n>_EL2
	ICH_PPI_DVI<n>_EL2
	ICH_PPI_ENABLER<n>_EL2
	ICH_PPI_PENDR<n>_EL2
	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR<n>_EL2

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/tools/sysreg | 480 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 480 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg b/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
index dab5bfe8c9686..2f44a568ebf4e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
+++ b/arch/arm64/tools/sysreg
@@ -3248,6 +3248,14 @@ UnsignedEnum	3:0	ID_BITS
 EndEnum
 EndSysreg
 
+Sysreg	ICC_HPPIR_EL1	3	0	12	10	3
+Res0	63:33
+Field	32	HPPIV
+Field	31:29	TYPE
+Res0	28:24
+Field	23:0	ID
+EndSysreg
+
 Sysreg	ICC_ICSR_EL1	3	0	12	10	4
 Res0	63:48
 Field	47:32	IAFFID
@@ -3262,6 +3270,11 @@ Field	1	Enabled
 Field	0	F
 EndSysreg
 
+Sysreg	ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1	3	0	12	10	5
+Res0	63:16
+Field	15:0	IAFFID
+EndSysreg
+
 SysregFields	ICC_PPI_ENABLERx_EL1
 Field	63	EN63
 Field	62	EN62
@@ -3668,6 +3681,42 @@ Res0	14:12
 Field	11:0	AFFINITY
 EndSysreg
 
+Sysreg	ICC_APR_EL1	3	1	12	0	0
+Res0	63:32
+Field	31	P31
+Field	30	P30
+Field	29	P29
+Field	28	P28
+Field	27	P27
+Field	26	P26
+Field	25	P25
+Field	24	P24
+Field	23	P23
+Field	22	P22
+Field	21	P21
+Field	20	P20
+Field	19	P19
+Field	18	P18
+Field	17	P17
+Field	16	P16
+Field	15	P15
+Field	14	P14
+Field	13	P13
+Field	12	P12
+Field	11	P11
+Field	10	P10
+Field	9	P9
+Field	8	P8
+Field	7	P7
+Field	6	P6
+Field	5	P5
+Field	4	P4
+Field	3	P3
+Field	2	P2
+Field	1	P1
+Field	0	P0
+EndSysreg
+
 Sysreg	ICC_CR0_EL1	3	1	12	0	1
 Res0	63:39
 Field	38	PID
@@ -4567,6 +4616,42 @@ Field	31:16	PhyPARTID29
 Field	15:0	PhyPARTID28
 EndSysreg
 
+Sysreg	ICH_APR_EL2	3	4	12	8	4
+Res0	63:32
+Field	31	P31
+Field	30	P30
+Field	29	P29
+Field	28	P28
+Field	27	P27
+Field	26	P26
+Field	25	P25
+Field	24	P24
+Field	23	P23
+Field	22	P22
+Field	21	P21
+Field	20	P20
+Field	19	P19
+Field	18	P18
+Field	17	P17
+Field	16	P16
+Field	15	P15
+Field	14	P14
+Field	13	P13
+Field	12	P12
+Field	11	P11
+Field	10	P10
+Field	9	P9
+Field	8	P8
+Field	7	P7
+Field	6	P6
+Field	5	P5
+Field	4	P4
+Field	3	P3
+Field	2	P2
+Field	1	P1
+Field	0	P0
+EndSysreg
+
 Sysreg	ICH_HFGRTR_EL2	3	4	12	9	4
 Res0	63:21
 Field	20	ICC_PPI_ACTIVERn_EL1
@@ -4615,6 +4700,306 @@ Field	1	GICCDDIS
 Field	0	GICCDEN
 EndSysreg
 
+SysregFields	ICH_PPI_DVIRx_EL2
+Field	63	DVI63
+Field	62	DVI62
+Field	61	DVI61
+Field	60	DVI60
+Field	59	DVI59
+Field	58	DVI58
+Field	57	DVI57
+Field	56	DVI56
+Field	55	DVI55
+Field	54	DVI54
+Field	53	DVI53
+Field	52	DVI52
+Field	51	DVI51
+Field	50	DVI50
+Field	49	DVI49
+Field	48	DVI48
+Field	47	DVI47
+Field	46	DVI46
+Field	45	DVI45
+Field	44	DVI44
+Field	43	DVI43
+Field	42	DVI42
+Field	41	DVI41
+Field	40	DVI40
+Field	39	DVI39
+Field	38	DVI38
+Field	37	DVI37
+Field	36	DVI36
+Field	35	DVI35
+Field	34	DVI34
+Field	33	DVI33
+Field	32	DVI32
+Field	31	DVI31
+Field	30	DVI30
+Field	29	DVI29
+Field	28	DVI28
+Field	27	DVI27
+Field	26	DVI26
+Field	25	DVI25
+Field	24	DVI24
+Field	23	DVI23
+Field	22	DVI22
+Field	21	DVI21
+Field	20	DVI20
+Field	19	DVI19
+Field	18	DVI18
+Field	17	DVI17
+Field	16	DVI16
+Field	15	DVI15
+Field	14	DVI14
+Field	13	DVI13
+Field	12	DVI12
+Field	11	DVI11
+Field	10	DVI10
+Field	9	DVI9
+Field	8	DVI8
+Field	7	DVI7
+Field	6	DVI6
+Field	5	DVI5
+Field	4	DVI4
+Field	3	DVI3
+Field	2	DVI2
+Field	1	DVI1
+Field	0	DVI0
+EndSysregFields
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_DVIR0_EL2	3	4	12	10	0
+Fields ICH_PPI_DVIx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_DVIR1_EL2	3	4	12	10	1
+Fields ICH_PPI_DVIx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+SysregFields	ICH_PPI_ENABLERx_EL2
+Field	63	EN63
+Field	62	EN62
+Field	61	EN61
+Field	60	EN60
+Field	59	EN59
+Field	58	EN58
+Field	57	EN57
+Field	56	EN56
+Field	55	EN55
+Field	54	EN54
+Field	53	EN53
+Field	52	EN52
+Field	51	EN51
+Field	50	EN50
+Field	49	EN49
+Field	48	EN48
+Field	47	EN47
+Field	46	EN46
+Field	45	EN45
+Field	44	EN44
+Field	43	EN43
+Field	42	EN42
+Field	41	EN41
+Field	40	EN40
+Field	39	EN39
+Field	38	EN38
+Field	37	EN37
+Field	36	EN36
+Field	35	EN35
+Field	34	EN34
+Field	33	EN33
+Field	32	EN32
+Field	31	EN31
+Field	30	EN30
+Field	29	EN29
+Field	28	EN28
+Field	27	EN27
+Field	26	EN26
+Field	25	EN25
+Field	24	EN24
+Field	23	EN23
+Field	22	EN22
+Field	21	EN21
+Field	20	EN20
+Field	19	EN19
+Field	18	EN18
+Field	17	EN17
+Field	16	EN16
+Field	15	EN15
+Field	14	EN14
+Field	13	EN13
+Field	12	EN12
+Field	11	EN11
+Field	10	EN10
+Field	9	EN9
+Field	8	EN8
+Field	7	EN7
+Field	6	EN6
+Field	5	EN5
+Field	4	EN4
+Field	3	EN3
+Field	2	EN2
+Field	1	EN1
+Field	0	EN0
+EndSysregFields
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_ENABLER0_EL2	3	4	12	10	2
+Fields ICH_PPI_ENABLERx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_ENABLER1_EL2	3	4	12	10	3
+Fields ICH_PPI_ENABLERx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+SysregFields	ICH_PPI_PENDRx_EL2
+Field	63	PEND63
+Field	62	PEND62
+Field	61	PEND61
+Field	60	PEND60
+Field	59	PEND59
+Field	58	PEND58
+Field	57	PEND57
+Field	56	PEND56
+Field	55	PEND55
+Field	54	PEND54
+Field	53	PEND53
+Field	52	PEND52
+Field	51	PEND51
+Field	50	PEND50
+Field	49	PEND49
+Field	48	PEND48
+Field	47	PEND47
+Field	46	PEND46
+Field	45	PEND45
+Field	44	PEND44
+Field	43	PEND43
+Field	42	PEND42
+Field	41	PEND41
+Field	40	PEND40
+Field	39	PEND39
+Field	38	PEND38
+Field	37	PEND37
+Field	36	PEND36
+Field	35	PEND35
+Field	34	PEND34
+Field	33	PEND33
+Field	32	PEND32
+Field	31	PEND31
+Field	30	PEND30
+Field	29	PEND29
+Field	28	PEND28
+Field	27	PEND27
+Field	26	PEND26
+Field	25	PEND25
+Field	24	PEND24
+Field	23	PEND23
+Field	22	PEND22
+Field	21	PEND21
+Field	20	PEND20
+Field	19	PEND19
+Field	18	PEND18
+Field	17	PEND17
+Field	16	PEND16
+Field	15	PEND15
+Field	14	PEND14
+Field	13	PEND13
+Field	12	PEND12
+Field	11	PEND11
+Field	10	PEND10
+Field	9	PEND9
+Field	8	PEND8
+Field	7	PEND7
+Field	6	PEND6
+Field	5	PEND5
+Field	4	PEND4
+Field	3	PEND3
+Field	2	PEND2
+Field	1	PEND1
+Field	0	PEND0
+EndSysregFields
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PENDR0_EL2	3	4	12	10	4
+Fields ICH_PPI_PENDRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PENDR1_EL2	3	4	12	10	5
+Fields ICH_PPI_PENDRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+SysregFields	ICH_PPI_ACTIVERx_EL2
+Field	63	ACTIVE63
+Field	62	ACTIVE62
+Field	61	ACTIVE61
+Field	60	ACTIVE60
+Field	59	ACTIVE59
+Field	58	ACTIVE58
+Field	57	ACTIVE57
+Field	56	ACTIVE56
+Field	55	ACTIVE55
+Field	54	ACTIVE54
+Field	53	ACTIVE53
+Field	52	ACTIVE52
+Field	51	ACTIVE51
+Field	50	ACTIVE50
+Field	49	ACTIVE49
+Field	48	ACTIVE48
+Field	47	ACTIVE47
+Field	46	ACTIVE46
+Field	45	ACTIVE45
+Field	44	ACTIVE44
+Field	43	ACTIVE43
+Field	42	ACTIVE42
+Field	41	ACTIVE41
+Field	40	ACTIVE40
+Field	39	ACTIVE39
+Field	38	ACTIVE38
+Field	37	ACTIVE37
+Field	36	ACTIVE36
+Field	35	ACTIVE35
+Field	34	ACTIVE34
+Field	33	ACTIVE33
+Field	32	ACTIVE32
+Field	31	ACTIVE31
+Field	30	ACTIVE30
+Field	29	ACTIVE29
+Field	28	ACTIVE28
+Field	27	ACTIVE27
+Field	26	ACTIVE26
+Field	25	ACTIVE25
+Field	24	ACTIVE24
+Field	23	ACTIVE23
+Field	22	ACTIVE22
+Field	21	ACTIVE21
+Field	20	ACTIVE20
+Field	19	ACTIVE19
+Field	18	ACTIVE18
+Field	17	ACTIVE17
+Field	16	ACTIVE16
+Field	15	ACTIVE15
+Field	14	ACTIVE14
+Field	13	ACTIVE13
+Field	12	ACTIVE12
+Field	11	ACTIVE11
+Field	10	ACTIVE10
+Field	9	ACTIVE9
+Field	8	ACTIVE8
+Field	7	ACTIVE7
+Field	6	ACTIVE6
+Field	5	ACTIVE5
+Field	4	ACTIVE4
+Field	3	ACTIVE3
+Field	2	ACTIVE2
+Field	1	ACTIVE1
+Field	0	ACTIVE0
+EndSysregFields
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_ACTIVER0_EL2	3	4	12	10	6
+Fields ICH_PPI_ACTIVERx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_ACTIVER1_EL2	3	4	12	10	7
+Fields ICH_PPI_ACTIVERx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
 Sysreg	ICH_HCR_EL2	3	4	12	11	0
 Res0	63:32
 Field	31:27	EOIcount
@@ -4669,6 +5054,18 @@ Field	1	V3
 Field	0	En
 EndSysreg
 
+Sysreg	ICH_CONTEXTR_EL2	3	4	12	11	6
+Field	63	V
+Field	62	F
+Field	61	IRICHPPIDIS
+Field	60	DB
+Field	59:55	DBPM
+Res0	54:48
+Field	47:32	VPE
+Res0	31:16
+Field	15:0	VM
+EndSysreg
+
 Sysreg	ICH_VMCR_EL2	3	4	12	11	7
 Prefix	FEAT_GCIE
 Res0	63:32
@@ -4690,6 +5087,89 @@ Field	1	VENG1
 Field	0	VENG0
 EndSysreg
 
+SysregFields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+Res0	63:61
+Field	60:56	Priority7
+Res0	55:53
+Field	52:48	Priority6
+Res0	47:45
+Field	44:40	Priority5
+Res0	39:37
+Field	36:32	Priority4
+Res0	31:29
+Field	28:24	Priority3
+Res0	23:21
+Field	20:16	Priority2
+Res0	15:13
+Field	12:8	Priority1
+Res0	7:5
+Field	4:0	Priority0
+EndSysregFields
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR0_EL2	3	4	12	14	0
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR1_EL2	3	4	12	14	1
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR2_EL2	3	4	12	14	2
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR3_EL2	3	4	12	14	3
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR4_EL2	3	4	12	14	4
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR5_EL2	3	4	12	14	5
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR6_EL2	3	4	12	14	6
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR7_EL2	3	4	12	14	7
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR8_EL2	3	4	12	15	0
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR9_EL2	3	4	12	15	1
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR10_EL2	3	4	12	15	2
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR11_EL2	3	4	12	15	3
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR12_EL2	3	4	12	15	4
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR13_EL2	3	4	12	15	5
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR14_EL2	3	4	12	15	6
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
+Sysreg	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR15_EL2	3	4	12	15	7
+Fields	ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
+EndSysreg
+
 Sysreg	CONTEXTIDR_EL2	3	4	13	0	1
 Fields	CONTEXTIDR_ELx
 EndSysreg
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 05/36] arm64/sysreg: Add GICR CDNMIA encoding

[Sascha Bischoff]

The encoding for the GICR CDNMIA system instruction is thus far unused
(and shall remain unused for the time being). However, in order to
plumb the FGTs into KVM correctly, KVM needs to be made aware of the
encoding of this system instruction.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
index b3b8b8cd7bf1e..97797761a07bf 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
@@ -1059,6 +1059,7 @@
 #define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDPRI		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 2)
 #define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDRCFG		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 5)
 #define GICV5_OP_GICR_CDIA		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 3, 0)
+#define GICV5_OP_GICR_CDNMIA		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 3, 1)
 
 /* Definitions for GIC CDAFF */
 #define GICV5_GIC_CDAFF_IAFFID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(47, 32)
@@ -1105,6 +1106,12 @@
 #define GICV5_GIC_CDIA_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
 #define GICV5_GIC_CDIA_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
 
+/* Definitions for GICR CDNMIA */
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID_MASK	BIT_ULL(32)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID(r)	FIELD_GET(GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID_MASK, r)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_ID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
 #define gicr_insn(insn)			read_sysreg_s(GICV5_OP_GICR_##insn)
 #define gic_insn(v, insn)		write_sysreg_s(v, GICV5_OP_GIC_##insn)
 
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 05/36] arm64/sysreg: Add GICR CDNMIA encoding

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:40 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> The encoding for the GICR CDNMIA system instruction is thus far unused
> (and shall remain unused for the time being). However, in order to
> plumb the FGTs into KVM correctly, KVM needs to be made aware of the
> encoding of this system instruction.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

If it does make sense to clean up GICV5_GIC[R]_CDIA_...
to add the R that can happen separately.

Jonathan


> ---
>  arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h | 7 +++++++
>  1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
> index b3b8b8cd7bf1e..97797761a07bf 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h
> @@ -1059,6 +1059,7 @@
>  #define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDPRI		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 2)
>  #define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDRCFG		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 5)
>  #define GICV5_OP_GICR_CDIA		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 3, 0)
> +#define GICV5_OP_GICR_CDNMIA		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 3, 1)
>  
>  /* Definitions for GIC CDAFF */
>  #define GICV5_GIC_CDAFF_IAFFID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(47, 32)
> @@ -1105,6 +1106,12 @@
>  #define GICV5_GIC_CDIA_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
>  #define GICV5_GIC_CDIA_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
>  
> +/* Definitions for GICR CDNMIA */
> +#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID_MASK	BIT_ULL(32)
> +#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID(r)	FIELD_GET(GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID_MASK, r)
> +#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
> +#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_ID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
> +
>  #define gicr_insn(insn)			read_sysreg_s(GICV5_OP_GICR_##insn)
>  #define gic_insn(v, insn)		write_sysreg_s(v, GICV5_OP_GIC_##insn)
>  

[PATCH v3 08/36] KVM: arm64: gic: Introduce interrupt type helpers

[Sascha Bischoff]

GICv5 has moved from using interrupt ranges for different interrupt
types to using some of the upper bits of the interrupt ID to denote
the interrupt type. This is not compatible with older GICs (which rely
on ranges of interrupts to determine the type), and hence a set of
helpers is introduced. These helpers take a struct kvm*, and use the
vgic model to determine how to interpret the interrupt ID.

Helpers are introduced for PPIs, SPIs, and LPIs. Additionally, a
helper is introduced to determine if an interrupt is private - SGIs
and PPIs for older GICs, and PPIs only for GICv5.

The helpers are plumbed into the core vgic code, as well as the Arch
Timer and PMU code.

There should be no functional changes as part of this change.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly <joey.gouly@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c           |  2 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c             |  7 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c |  2 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c            | 14 ++--
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h                | 92 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 5 files changed, 100 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c
index 99a07972068d1..6f033f6644219 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c
@@ -1598,7 +1598,7 @@ int kvm_arm_timer_set_attr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
 	if (get_user(irq, uaddr))
 		return -EFAULT;
 
-	if (!(irq_is_ppi(irq)))
+	if (!(irq_is_ppi(vcpu->kvm, irq)))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	mutex_lock(&vcpu->kvm->arch.config_lock);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
index b03dbda7f1ab9..afc838ea2503e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
@@ -939,7 +939,8 @@ int kvm_arm_pmu_v3_enable(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		 * number against the dimensions of the vgic and make sure
 		 * it's valid.
 		 */
-		if (!irq_is_ppi(irq) && !vgic_valid_spi(vcpu->kvm, irq))
+		if (!irq_is_ppi(vcpu->kvm, irq) &&
+		    !vgic_valid_spi(vcpu->kvm, irq))
 			return -EINVAL;
 	} else if (kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(vcpu)) {
 		   return -EINVAL;
@@ -991,7 +992,7 @@ static bool pmu_irq_is_valid(struct kvm *kvm, int irq)
 		if (!kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(vcpu))
 			continue;
 
-		if (irq_is_ppi(irq)) {
+		if (irq_is_ppi(vcpu->kvm, irq)) {
 			if (vcpu->arch.pmu.irq_num != irq)
 				return false;
 		} else {
@@ -1142,7 +1143,7 @@ int kvm_arm_pmu_v3_set_attr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
 			return -EFAULT;
 
 		/* The PMU overflow interrupt can be a PPI or a valid SPI. */
-		if (!(irq_is_ppi(irq) || irq_is_spi(irq)))
+		if (!(irq_is_ppi(vcpu->kvm, irq) || irq_is_spi(vcpu->kvm, irq)))
 			return -EINVAL;
 
 		if (!pmu_irq_is_valid(kvm, irq))
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
index 3d1a776b716d7..b12ba99a423e5 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ static int vgic_v3_set_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
 		if (vgic_initialized(dev->kvm))
 			return -EBUSY;
 
-		if (!irq_is_ppi(val))
+		if (!irq_is_ppi(dev->kvm, val))
 			return -EINVAL;
 
 		dev->kvm->arch.vgic.mi_intid = val;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
index 430aa98888fda..2c0e8803342e2 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ struct vgic_irq *vgic_get_irq(struct kvm *kvm, u32 intid)
 	}
 
 	/* LPIs */
-	if (intid >= VGIC_MIN_LPI)
+	if (irq_is_lpi(kvm, intid))
 		return vgic_get_lpi(kvm, intid);
 
 	return NULL;
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ static void vgic_release_lpi_locked(struct vgic_dist *dist, struct vgic_irq *irq
 
 static __must_check bool __vgic_put_irq(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq)
 {
-	if (irq->intid < VGIC_MIN_LPI)
+	if (!irq_is_lpi(kvm, irq->intid))
 		return false;
 
 	return refcount_dec_and_test(&irq->refcount);
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ void vgic_put_irq(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq)
 	 * Acquire/release it early on lockdep kernels to make locking issues
 	 * in rare release paths a bit more obvious.
 	 */
-	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_LOCKDEP) && irq->intid >= VGIC_MIN_LPI) {
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_LOCKDEP) && irq_is_lpi(kvm, irq->intid)) {
 		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&dist->lpi_xa.xa_lock);
 	}
 
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ void vgic_flush_pending_lpis(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&vgic_cpu->ap_list_lock, flags);
 
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(irq, tmp, &vgic_cpu->ap_list_head, ap_list) {
-		if (irq->intid >= VGIC_MIN_LPI) {
+		if (irq_is_lpi(vcpu->kvm, irq->intid)) {
 			raw_spin_lock(&irq->irq_lock);
 			list_del(&irq->ap_list);
 			irq->vcpu = NULL;
@@ -521,12 +521,12 @@ int kvm_vgic_inject_irq(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (!vcpu && intid < VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
+	if (!vcpu && irq_is_private(kvm, intid))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	trace_vgic_update_irq_pending(vcpu ? vcpu->vcpu_idx : 0, intid, level);
 
-	if (intid < VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
+	if (irq_is_private(kvm, intid))
 		irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
 	else
 		irq = vgic_get_irq(kvm, intid);
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ int kvm_vgic_set_owner(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned int intid, void *owner)
 		return -EAGAIN;
 
 	/* SGIs and LPIs cannot be wired up to any device */
-	if (!irq_is_ppi(intid) && !vgic_valid_spi(vcpu->kvm, intid))
+	if (!irq_is_ppi(vcpu->kvm, intid) && !vgic_valid_spi(vcpu->kvm, intid))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index b261fb3968d03..67dac9bcc7b01 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
 
 #include <linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v4.h>
+#include <linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h>
 
 #define VGIC_V3_MAX_CPUS	512
 #define VGIC_V2_MAX_CPUS	8
@@ -31,9 +32,78 @@
 #define VGIC_MIN_LPI		8192
 #define KVM_IRQCHIP_NUM_PINS	(1020 - 32)
 
-#define irq_is_ppi(irq) ((irq) >= VGIC_NR_SGIS && (irq) < VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
-#define irq_is_spi(irq) ((irq) >= VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS && \
-			 (irq) <= VGIC_MAX_SPI)
+#define is_v5_type(t, i)	(FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, (i)) == (t))
+
+#define __irq_is_sgi(t, i)						\
+	({								\
+		bool __ret;						\
+									\
+		switch (t) {						\
+		case KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5:				\
+			__ret = false;					\
+			break;						\
+		default:						\
+			__ret  = (i) < VGIC_NR_SGIS;			\
+		}							\
+									\
+		__ret;							\
+	})
+
+#define __irq_is_ppi(t, i)						\
+	({								\
+		bool __ret;						\
+									\
+		switch (t) {						\
+		case KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5:				\
+			__ret = is_v5_type(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI, (i));	\
+			break;						\
+		default:						\
+			__ret  = (i) >= VGIC_NR_SGIS;			\
+			__ret &= (i) < VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS;		\
+		}							\
+									\
+		__ret;							\
+	})
+
+#define __irq_is_spi(t, i)						\
+	({								\
+		bool __ret;						\
+									\
+		switch (t) {						\
+		case KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5:				\
+			__ret = is_v5_type(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_SPI, (i));	\
+			break;						\
+		default:						\
+			__ret  = (i) <= VGIC_MAX_SPI;			\
+			__ret &= (i) >= VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS;		\
+		}							\
+									\
+		__ret;							\
+	})
+
+#define __irq_is_lpi(t, i)						\
+	({								\
+		bool __ret;						\
+									\
+		switch (t) {						\
+		case KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5:				\
+			__ret = is_v5_type(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_LPI, (i));	\
+			break;						\
+		default:						\
+			__ret  = (i) >= 8192;				\
+		}							\
+									\
+		__ret;							\
+	})
+
+#define irq_is_sgi(k, i) __irq_is_sgi((k)->arch.vgic.vgic_model, i)
+#define irq_is_ppi(k, i) __irq_is_ppi((k)->arch.vgic.vgic_model, i)
+#define irq_is_spi(k, i) __irq_is_spi((k)->arch.vgic.vgic_model, i)
+#define irq_is_lpi(k, i) __irq_is_lpi((k)->arch.vgic.vgic_model, i)
+
+#define irq_is_private(k, i) (irq_is_ppi(k, i) || irq_is_sgi(k, i))
+
+#define vgic_is_v5(k) ((k)->arch.vgic.vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5)
 
 enum vgic_type {
 	VGIC_V2,		/* Good ol' GICv2 */
@@ -418,8 +488,20 @@ u64 vgic_v3_get_misr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
 #define irqchip_in_kernel(k)	(!!((k)->arch.vgic.in_kernel))
 #define vgic_initialized(k)	((k)->arch.vgic.initialized)
-#define vgic_valid_spi(k, i)	(((i) >= VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS) && \
-			((i) < (k)->arch.vgic.nr_spis + VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS))
+#define vgic_valid_spi(k, i)						\
+	({								\
+		bool __ret = irq_is_spi(k, i);				\
+									\
+		switch ((k)->arch.vgic.vgic_model) {			\
+		case KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5:				\
+			__ret &= FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, i) < (k)->arch.vgic.nr_spis; \
+			break;						\
+		default:						\
+			__ret &= (i) < ((k)->arch.vgic.nr_spis + VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS); \
+		}							\
+									\
+		__ret;							\
+	})
 
 bool kvm_vcpu_has_pending_irqs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void kvm_vgic_sync_hwstate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 08/36] KVM: arm64: gic: Introduce interrupt type helpers

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:41 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> GICv5 has moved from using interrupt ranges for different interrupt
> types to using some of the upper bits of the interrupt ID to denote
> the interrupt type. This is not compatible with older GICs (which rely
> on ranges of interrupts to determine the type), and hence a set of
> helpers is introduced. These helpers take a struct kvm*, and use the
> vgic model to determine how to interpret the interrupt ID.
> 
> Helpers are introduced for PPIs, SPIs, and LPIs. Additionally, a
> helper is introduced to determine if an interrupt is private - SGIs
> and PPIs for older GICs, and PPIs only for GICv5.
> 
> The helpers are plumbed into the core vgic code, as well as the Arch
> Timer and PMU code.
> 
> There should be no functional changes as part of this change.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
> Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly <joey.gouly@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

[PATCH v3 07/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add ARM_VGIC_V5 device to KVM headers

[Sascha Bischoff]

This is the base GICv5 device which is to be used with the
KVM_CREATE_DEVICE ioctl to create a GICv5-based vgic.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 include/uapi/linux/kvm.h       | 2 ++
 tools/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h | 2 ++
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h b/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
index dddb781b0507d..f7dabbf17e1a7 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
@@ -1209,6 +1209,8 @@ enum kvm_device_type {
 #define KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_EIOINTC	KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_EIOINTC
 	KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_PCHPIC,
 #define KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_PCHPIC	KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_PCHPIC
+	KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5,
+#define KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5	KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5
 
 	KVM_DEV_TYPE_MAX,
 
diff --git a/tools/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h b/tools/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
index dddb781b0507d..f7dabbf17e1a7 100644
--- a/tools/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
+++ b/tools/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
@@ -1209,6 +1209,8 @@ enum kvm_device_type {
 #define KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_EIOINTC	KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_EIOINTC
 	KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_PCHPIC,
 #define KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_PCHPIC	KVM_DEV_TYPE_LOONGARCH_PCHPIC
+	KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5,
+#define KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5	KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5
 
 	KVM_DEV_TYPE_MAX,
 
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 07/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add ARM_VGIC_V5 device to KVM headers

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:41 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> This is the base GICv5 device which is to be used with the
> KVM_CREATE_DEVICE ioctl to create a GICv5-based vgic.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Mostly so I don't bother reading it in a potential v4 and because it's
obviously fine.

Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

[PATCH v3 09/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add Arm copyright header

[Sascha Bischoff]

This header was mistakenly omitted during the creation of this
file. Add it now. Better late than never.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index 2d3811f4e1174..23d0a495d855e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025, 2026 Arm Ltd.
+ */
 
 #include <kvm/arm_vgic.h>
 #include <linux/irqchip/arm-vgic-info.h>
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 09/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add Arm copyright header

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:41 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> This header was mistakenly omitted during the creation of this
> file. Add it now. Better late than never.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>

Thanks for splitting it out.

Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

> ---
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 3 +++
>  1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> index 2d3811f4e1174..23d0a495d855e 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> @@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
>  // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
> +/*
> + * Copyright (C) 2025, 2026 Arm Ltd.
> + */
>  
>  #include <kvm/arm_vgic.h>
>  #include <linux/irqchip/arm-vgic-info.h>

[PATCH v3 11/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Sanitize ID_AA64PFR2_EL1.GCIE

[Sascha Bischoff]

Set the guest's view of the GCIE field to IMP when running a GICv5 VM,
NI otherwise. Reject any writes to the register that try to do
anything but set GCIE to IMP when running a GICv5 VM.

As part of this change, we also introduce vgic_is_v5(kvm), in order to
check if the guest is a GICv5-native VM. We're also required to extend
vgic_is_v3_compat to check for the actual vgic_model. This has one
potential issue - if any of the vgic_is_v* checks are used prior to
setting the vgic_model (that is, before kvm_vgic_create) then
vgic_model will be set to 0, which can result in a false-positive.

Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c  | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h | 10 ++++++++-
 2 files changed, 43 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
index c8fd7c6a12a13..5fb7b4356b287 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
@@ -1758,6 +1758,7 @@ static u8 pmuver_to_perfmon(u8 pmuver)
 
 static u64 sanitise_id_aa64pfr0_el1(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val);
 static u64 sanitise_id_aa64pfr1_el1(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val);
+static u64 sanitise_id_aa64pfr2_el1(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val);
 static u64 sanitise_id_aa64dfr0_el1(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val);
 
 /* Read a sanitised cpufeature ID register by sys_reg_desc */
@@ -1783,10 +1784,7 @@ static u64 __kvm_read_sanitised_id_reg(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 		val = sanitise_id_aa64pfr1_el1(vcpu, val);
 		break;
 	case SYS_ID_AA64PFR2_EL1:
-		val &= ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_FPMR |
-			(kvm_has_mte(vcpu->kvm) ?
-			 ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTEFAR | ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTESTOREONLY :
-			 0);
+		val = sanitise_id_aa64pfr2_el1(vcpu, val);
 		break;
 	case SYS_ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1:
 		if (!vcpu_has_ptrauth(vcpu))
@@ -2024,6 +2022,23 @@ static u64 sanitise_id_aa64pfr1_el1(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
 	return val;
 }
 
+static u64 sanitise_id_aa64pfr2_el1(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
+{
+	val &= ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_FPMR |
+	       ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTEFAR |
+	       ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTESTOREONLY;
+
+	if (!kvm_has_mte(vcpu->kvm)) {
+		val &= ~ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTEFAR;
+		val &= ~ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTESTOREONLY;
+	}
+
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		val |= SYS_FIELD_PREP_ENUM(ID_AA64PFR2_EL1, GCIE, IMP);
+
+	return val;
+}
+
 static u64 sanitise_id_aa64dfr0_el1(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
 {
 	val = ID_REG_LIMIT_FIELD_ENUM(val, ID_AA64DFR0_EL1, DebugVer, V8P8);
@@ -2221,6 +2236,16 @@ static int set_id_aa64pfr1_el1(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	return set_id_reg(vcpu, rd, user_val);
 }
 
+static int set_id_aa64pfr2_el1(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+			       const struct sys_reg_desc *rd, u64 user_val)
+{
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm) &&
+	    FIELD_GET(ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_GCIE_MASK, user_val) != ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_GCIE_IMP)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return set_id_reg(vcpu, rd, user_val);
+}
+
 /*
  * Allow userspace to de-feature a stage-2 translation granule but prevent it
  * from claiming the impossible.
@@ -3202,10 +3227,11 @@ static const struct sys_reg_desc sys_reg_descs[] = {
 				       ID_AA64PFR1_EL1_RES0 |
 				       ID_AA64PFR1_EL1_MPAM_frac |
 				       ID_AA64PFR1_EL1_MTE)),
-	ID_WRITABLE(ID_AA64PFR2_EL1,
-		    ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_FPMR |
-		    ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTEFAR |
-		    ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTESTOREONLY),
+	ID_FILTERED(ID_AA64PFR2_EL1, id_aa64pfr2_el1,
+		    ~(ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_FPMR |
+		      ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTEFAR |
+		      ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_MTESTOREONLY |
+		      ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_GCIE)),
 	ID_UNALLOCATED(4,3),
 	ID_WRITABLE(ID_AA64ZFR0_EL1, ~ID_AA64ZFR0_EL1_RES0),
 	ID_HIDDEN(ID_AA64SMFR0_EL1),
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
index 15f6afe6b75e1..eb16184c14cc5 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
@@ -456,8 +456,16 @@ void vgic_v3_nested_update_mi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
 static inline bool vgic_is_v3_compat(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
+	/*
+	 * We need to be careful here. This could be called early,
+	 * which means that there is no vgic_model set. For the time
+	 * being, fall back to assuming that we're trying run a legacy
+	 * VM in that case, which keeps existing software happy. Long
+	 * term, this will need to be revisited a little.
+	 */
 	return cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF) &&
-		kvm_vgic_global_state.has_gcie_v3_compat;
+		kvm_vgic_global_state.has_gcie_v3_compat &&
+		kvm->arch.vgic.vgic_model != KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5;
 }
 
 static inline bool vgic_is_v3(struct kvm *kvm)
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 11/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Sanitize ID_AA64PFR2_EL1.GCIE

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:42 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> Set the guest's view of the GCIE field to IMP when running a GICv5 VM,
> NI otherwise. Reject any writes to the register that try to do
> anything but set GCIE to IMP when running a GICv5 VM.
> 
> As part of this change, we also introduce vgic_is_v5(kvm), in order to
> check if the guest is a GICv5-native VM. We're also required to extend
> vgic_is_v3_compat to check for the actual vgic_model. This has one
> potential issue - if any of the vgic_is_v* checks are used prior to
> setting the vgic_model (that is, before kvm_vgic_create) then
> vgic_model will be set to 0, which can result in a false-positive.
> 
> Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
> Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

[PATCH v3 12/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Support GICv5 FGTs & FGUs

[Sascha Bischoff]

Extend the existing FGT/FGU infrastructure to include the GICv5 trap
registers (ICH_HFGRTR_EL2, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2, ICH_HFGITR_EL2). This
involves mapping the trap registers and their bits to the
corresponding feature that introduces them (FEAT_GCIE for all, in this
case), and mapping each trap bit to the system register/instruction
controlled by it.

As of this change, none of the GICv5 instructions or register accesses
are being trapped.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h       |  19 +++++
 arch/arm64/include/asm/vncr_mapping.h   |   3 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c                    |   3 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/config.c                 | 103 ++++++++++++++++++++++--
 arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c         |  68 ++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h |  27 +++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c        |   3 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c               |   2 +
 8 files changed, 221 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index b552a1e03848c..0e535ef50c231 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -287,6 +287,9 @@ enum fgt_group_id {
 	HDFGRTR2_GROUP,
 	HDFGWTR2_GROUP = HDFGRTR2_GROUP,
 	HFGITR2_GROUP,
+	ICH_HFGRTR_GROUP,
+	ICH_HFGWTR_GROUP = ICH_HFGRTR_GROUP,
+	ICH_HFGITR_GROUP,
 
 	/* Must be last */
 	__NR_FGT_GROUP_IDS__
@@ -623,6 +626,10 @@ enum vcpu_sysreg {
 	VNCR(ICH_HCR_EL2),
 	VNCR(ICH_VMCR_EL2),
 
+	VNCR(ICH_HFGRTR_EL2),
+	VNCR(ICH_HFGWTR_EL2),
+	VNCR(ICH_HFGITR_EL2),
+
 	NR_SYS_REGS	/* Nothing after this line! */
 };
 
@@ -652,6 +659,9 @@ extern struct fgt_masks hfgwtr2_masks;
 extern struct fgt_masks hfgitr2_masks;
 extern struct fgt_masks hdfgrtr2_masks;
 extern struct fgt_masks hdfgwtr2_masks;
+extern struct fgt_masks ich_hfgrtr_masks;
+extern struct fgt_masks ich_hfgwtr_masks;
+extern struct fgt_masks ich_hfgitr_masks;
 
 extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(hfgrtr_masks);
 extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(hfgwtr_masks);
@@ -664,6 +674,9 @@ extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(hfgwtr2_masks);
 extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(hfgitr2_masks);
 extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(hdfgrtr2_masks);
 extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(hdfgwtr2_masks);
+extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(ich_hfgrtr_masks);
+extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(ich_hfgwtr_masks);
+extern struct fgt_masks kvm_nvhe_sym(ich_hfgitr_masks);
 
 struct kvm_cpu_context {
 	struct user_pt_regs regs;	/* sp = sp_el0 */
@@ -1632,6 +1645,11 @@ static __always_inline enum fgt_group_id __fgt_reg_to_group_id(enum vcpu_sysreg
 	case HDFGRTR2_EL2:
 	case HDFGWTR2_EL2:
 		return HDFGRTR2_GROUP;
+	case ICH_HFGRTR_EL2:
+	case ICH_HFGWTR_EL2:
+		return ICH_HFGRTR_GROUP;
+	case ICH_HFGITR_EL2:
+		return ICH_HFGITR_GROUP;
 	default:
 		BUILD_BUG_ON(1);
 	}
@@ -1646,6 +1664,7 @@ static __always_inline enum fgt_group_id __fgt_reg_to_group_id(enum vcpu_sysreg
 		case HDFGWTR_EL2:					\
 		case HFGWTR2_EL2:					\
 		case HDFGWTR2_EL2:					\
+		case ICH_HFGWTR_EL2:					\
 			p = &(vcpu)->arch.fgt[id].w;			\
 			break;						\
 		default:						\
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/vncr_mapping.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/vncr_mapping.h
index c2485a862e690..14366d35ce82f 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/vncr_mapping.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/vncr_mapping.h
@@ -108,5 +108,8 @@
 #define VNCR_MPAMVPM5_EL2       0x968
 #define VNCR_MPAMVPM6_EL2       0x970
 #define VNCR_MPAMVPM7_EL2       0x978
+#define VNCR_ICH_HFGITR_EL2	0xB10
+#define VNCR_ICH_HFGRTR_EL2	0xB18
+#define VNCR_ICH_HFGWTR_EL2	0xB20
 
 #endif /* __ARM64_VNCR_MAPPING_H__ */
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
index 4f80da0c0d1de..b7cf9d86aabb7 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
@@ -2474,6 +2474,9 @@ static void kvm_hyp_init_symbols(void)
 	kvm_nvhe_sym(hfgitr2_masks) = hfgitr2_masks;
 	kvm_nvhe_sym(hdfgrtr2_masks)= hdfgrtr2_masks;
 	kvm_nvhe_sym(hdfgwtr2_masks)= hdfgwtr2_masks;
+	kvm_nvhe_sym(ich_hfgrtr_masks) = ich_hfgrtr_masks;
+	kvm_nvhe_sym(ich_hfgwtr_masks) = ich_hfgwtr_masks;
+	kvm_nvhe_sym(ich_hfgitr_masks) = ich_hfgitr_masks;
 
 	/*
 	 * Flush entire BSS since part of its data containing init symbols is read
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
index 3845b188551b6..6e8ec127c0cea 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
@@ -219,6 +219,7 @@ struct reg_feat_map_desc {
 #define FEAT_FGT2		ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1, FGT, FGT2
 #define FEAT_MTPMU		ID_AA64DFR0_EL1, MTPMU, IMP
 #define FEAT_HCX		ID_AA64MMFR1_EL1, HCX, IMP
+#define FEAT_GCIE		ID_AA64PFR2_EL1, GCIE, IMP
 
 static bool not_feat_aa64el3(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
@@ -1168,6 +1169,58 @@ static const struct reg_bits_to_feat_map mdcr_el2_feat_map[] = {
 static const DECLARE_FEAT_MAP(mdcr_el2_desc, MDCR_EL2,
 			      mdcr_el2_feat_map, FEAT_AA64EL2);
 
+static const struct reg_bits_to_feat_map ich_hfgrtr_feat_map[] = {
+	NEEDS_FEAT(ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_APR_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_IDRn_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_CR0_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_HPPIR_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_PCR_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_ICSR_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_HMRn_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_ENABLERn_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_PENDRn_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_ACTIVERn_EL1,
+		   FEAT_GCIE),
+};
+
+static const DECLARE_FEAT_MAP_FGT(ich_hfgrtr_desc, ich_hfgrtr_masks,
+				  ich_hfgrtr_feat_map, FEAT_GCIE);
+
+static const struct reg_bits_to_feat_map ich_hfgwtr_feat_map[] = {
+	NEEDS_FEAT(ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_APR_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_CR0_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_PCR_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_ICSR_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_ENABLERn_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_PENDRn_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1 |
+		   ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_ACTIVERn_EL1,
+		   FEAT_GCIE),
+};
+
+static const DECLARE_FEAT_MAP_FGT(ich_hfgwtr_desc, ich_hfgwtr_masks,
+				  ich_hfgwtr_feat_map, FEAT_GCIE);
+
+static const struct reg_bits_to_feat_map ich_hfgitr_feat_map[] = {
+	NEEDS_FEAT(ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDEN |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDDIS |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDPRI |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDAFF |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDPEND |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDRCFG |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDHM |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDEOI |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICCDDI |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICRCDIA |
+		   ICH_HFGITR_EL2_GICRCDNMIA,
+		   FEAT_GCIE),
+};
+
+static const DECLARE_FEAT_MAP_FGT(ich_hfgitr_desc, ich_hfgitr_masks,
+				  ich_hfgitr_feat_map, FEAT_GCIE);
+
 static void __init check_feat_map(const struct reg_bits_to_feat_map *map,
 				  int map_size, u64 resx, const char *str)
 {
@@ -1211,6 +1264,9 @@ void __init check_feature_map(void)
 	check_reg_desc(&tcr2_el2_desc);
 	check_reg_desc(&sctlr_el1_desc);
 	check_reg_desc(&mdcr_el2_desc);
+	check_reg_desc(&ich_hfgrtr_desc);
+	check_reg_desc(&ich_hfgwtr_desc);
+	check_reg_desc(&ich_hfgitr_desc);
 }
 
 static bool idreg_feat_match(struct kvm *kvm, const struct reg_bits_to_feat_map *map)
@@ -1342,6 +1398,16 @@ void compute_fgu(struct kvm *kvm, enum fgt_group_id fgt)
 		val |= compute_reg_res0_bits(kvm, &hdfgwtr2_desc,
 					     0, NEVER_FGU);
 		break;
+	case ICH_HFGRTR_GROUP:
+		val |= compute_reg_res0_bits(kvm, &ich_hfgrtr_desc,
+					     0, NEVER_FGU);
+		val |= compute_reg_res0_bits(kvm, &ich_hfgwtr_desc,
+					     0, NEVER_FGU);
+		break;
+	case ICH_HFGITR_GROUP:
+		val |= compute_reg_res0_bits(kvm, &ich_hfgitr_desc,
+					     0, NEVER_FGU);
+		break;
 	default:
 		BUG();
 	}
@@ -1425,6 +1491,18 @@ void get_reg_fixed_bits(struct kvm *kvm, enum vcpu_sysreg reg, u64 *res0, u64 *r
 		*res0 = compute_reg_res0_bits(kvm, &mdcr_el2_desc, 0, 0);
 		*res1 = MDCR_EL2_RES1;
 		break;
+	case ICH_HFGRTR_EL2:
+		*res0 = compute_reg_res0_bits(kvm, &ich_hfgrtr_desc, 0, 0);
+		*res1 = ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_RES1;
+		break;
+	case ICH_HFGWTR_EL2:
+		*res0 = compute_reg_res0_bits(kvm, &ich_hfgwtr_desc, 0, 0);
+		*res1 = ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_RES1;
+		break;
+	case ICH_HFGITR_EL2:
+		*res0 = compute_reg_res0_bits(kvm, &ich_hfgitr_desc, 0, 0);
+		*res1 = ICH_HFGITR_EL2_RES1;
+		break;
 	default:
 		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
 		*res0 = *res1 = 0;
@@ -1457,6 +1535,12 @@ static __always_inline struct fgt_masks *__fgt_reg_to_masks(enum vcpu_sysreg reg
 		return &hdfgrtr2_masks;
 	case HDFGWTR2_EL2:
 		return &hdfgwtr2_masks;
+	case ICH_HFGRTR_EL2:
+		return &ich_hfgrtr_masks;
+	case ICH_HFGWTR_EL2:
+		return &ich_hfgwtr_masks;
+	case ICH_HFGITR_EL2:
+		return &ich_hfgitr_masks;
 	default:
 		BUILD_BUG_ON(1);
 	}
@@ -1510,12 +1594,17 @@ void kvm_vcpu_load_fgt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	__compute_hdfgwtr(vcpu);
 	__compute_fgt(vcpu, HAFGRTR_EL2);
 
-	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_FGT2))
-		return;
+	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_FGT2)) {
+		__compute_fgt(vcpu, HFGRTR2_EL2);
+		__compute_fgt(vcpu, HFGWTR2_EL2);
+		__compute_fgt(vcpu, HFGITR2_EL2);
+		__compute_fgt(vcpu, HDFGRTR2_EL2);
+		__compute_fgt(vcpu, HDFGWTR2_EL2);
+	}
 
-	__compute_fgt(vcpu, HFGRTR2_EL2);
-	__compute_fgt(vcpu, HFGWTR2_EL2);
-	__compute_fgt(vcpu, HFGITR2_EL2);
-	__compute_fgt(vcpu, HDFGRTR2_EL2);
-	__compute_fgt(vcpu, HDFGWTR2_EL2);
+	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF)) {
+		__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2);
+		__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2);
+		__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGITR_EL2);
+	}
 }
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c
index 75d49f83342a5..de316bdf90d46 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/emulate-nested.c
@@ -2044,6 +2044,60 @@ static const struct encoding_to_trap_config encoding_to_fgt[] __initconst = {
 	SR_FGT(SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(2),	HAFGRTR, AMEVCNTR02_EL0, 1),
 	SR_FGT(SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(1),	HAFGRTR, AMEVCNTR01_EL0, 1),
 	SR_FGT(SYS_AMEVCNTR0_EL0(0),	HAFGRTR, AMEVCNTR00_EL0, 1),
+
+	/*
+	 * ICH_HFGRTR_EL2 & ICH_HFGWTR_EL2
+	 */
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_APR_EL1,			ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_APR_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_IDR0_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_IDRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_CR0_EL1,			ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_CR0_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_HPPIR_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_HPPIR_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PCR_EL1,			ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PCR_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_ICSR_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_ICSR_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_HMR0_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_HMRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_HMR1_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_HMRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_ENABLER0_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_ENABLERn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_ENABLER1_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_ENABLERn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_CPENDR0_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PENDRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_CPENDR1_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PENDRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_SPENDR0_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PENDRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_SPENDR1_EL1,		ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PENDRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR0_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR1_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR2_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR3_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR4_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR5_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR6_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR7_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR8_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR9_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR10_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR11_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR12_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR13_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR14_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR15_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_PRIORITYRn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_CACTIVER0_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_ACTIVERn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_CACTIVER1_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_ACTIVERn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_SACTIVER0_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_ACTIVERn_EL1, 0),
+	SR_FGT(SYS_ICC_PPI_SACTIVER1_EL1,	ICH_HFGRTR, ICC_PPI_ACTIVERn_EL1, 0),
+
+	/*
+	 * ICH_HFGITR_EL2
+	 */
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDEN,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDEN, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDDIS,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDDIS, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDPRI,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDPRI, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDAFF,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDAFF, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDPEND,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDPEND, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDRCFG,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDRCFG, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDHM,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDHM, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDEOI,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDEOI, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GIC_CDDI,	ICH_HFGITR, GICCDDI, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GICR_CDIA,	ICH_HFGITR, GICRCDIA, 0),
+	SR_FGT(GICV5_OP_GICR_CDNMIA,	ICH_HFGITR, GICRCDNMIA, 0),
 };
 
 /*
@@ -2118,6 +2172,9 @@ FGT_MASKS(hfgwtr2_masks, HFGWTR2_EL2);
 FGT_MASKS(hfgitr2_masks, HFGITR2_EL2);
 FGT_MASKS(hdfgrtr2_masks, HDFGRTR2_EL2);
 FGT_MASKS(hdfgwtr2_masks, HDFGWTR2_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(ich_hfgrtr_masks, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(ich_hfgwtr_masks, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2);
+FGT_MASKS(ich_hfgitr_masks, ICH_HFGITR_EL2);
 
 static __init bool aggregate_fgt(union trap_config tc)
 {
@@ -2153,6 +2210,14 @@ static __init bool aggregate_fgt(union trap_config tc)
 		rmasks = &hfgitr2_masks;
 		wmasks = NULL;
 		break;
+	case ICH_HFGRTR_GROUP:
+		rmasks = &ich_hfgrtr_masks;
+		wmasks = &ich_hfgwtr_masks;
+		break;
+	case ICH_HFGITR_GROUP:
+		rmasks = &ich_hfgitr_masks;
+		wmasks = NULL;
+		break;
 	}
 
 	rresx = rmasks->res0 | rmasks->res1;
@@ -2223,6 +2288,9 @@ static __init int check_all_fgt_masks(int ret)
 		&hfgitr2_masks,
 		&hdfgrtr2_masks,
 		&hdfgwtr2_masks,
+		&ich_hfgrtr_masks,
+		&ich_hfgwtr_masks,
+		&ich_hfgitr_masks,
 	};
 	int err = 0;
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h
index c5d5e5b86eaf0..14805336725f5 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h
@@ -235,6 +235,18 @@ static inline void __activate_traps_hfgxtr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	__activate_fgt(hctxt, vcpu, HDFGWTR2_EL2);
 }
 
+static inline void __activate_traps_ich_hfgxtr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct kvm_cpu_context *hctxt = host_data_ptr(host_ctxt);
+
+	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF))
+		return;
+
+	__activate_fgt(hctxt, vcpu, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2);
+	__activate_fgt(hctxt, vcpu, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2);
+	__activate_fgt(hctxt, vcpu, ICH_HFGITR_EL2);
+}
+
 #define __deactivate_fgt(htcxt, vcpu, reg)				\
 	do {								\
 		write_sysreg_s(ctxt_sys_reg(hctxt, reg),		\
@@ -267,6 +279,19 @@ static inline void __deactivate_traps_hfgxtr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	__deactivate_fgt(hctxt, vcpu, HDFGWTR2_EL2);
 }
 
+static inline void __deactivate_traps_ich_hfgxtr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct kvm_cpu_context *hctxt = host_data_ptr(host_ctxt);
+
+	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF))
+		return;
+
+	__deactivate_fgt(hctxt, vcpu, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2);
+	__deactivate_fgt(hctxt, vcpu, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2);
+	__deactivate_fgt(hctxt, vcpu, ICH_HFGITR_EL2);
+
+}
+
 static inline void  __activate_traps_mpam(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	u64 r = MPAM2_EL2_TRAPMPAM0EL1 | MPAM2_EL2_TRAPMPAM1EL1;
@@ -330,6 +355,7 @@ static inline void __activate_traps_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	}
 
 	__activate_traps_hfgxtr(vcpu);
+	__activate_traps_ich_hfgxtr(vcpu);
 	__activate_traps_mpam(vcpu);
 }
 
@@ -347,6 +373,7 @@ static inline void __deactivate_traps_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		write_sysreg_s(ctxt_sys_reg(hctxt, HCRX_EL2), SYS_HCRX_EL2);
 
 	__deactivate_traps_hfgxtr(vcpu);
+	__deactivate_traps_ich_hfgxtr(vcpu);
 	__deactivate_traps_mpam();
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
index d3b9ec8a7c283..c23e22ffac080 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ struct fgt_masks hfgwtr2_masks;
 struct fgt_masks hfgitr2_masks;
 struct fgt_masks hdfgrtr2_masks;
 struct fgt_masks hdfgwtr2_masks;
+struct fgt_masks ich_hfgrtr_masks;
+struct fgt_masks ich_hfgwtr_masks;
+struct fgt_masks ich_hfgitr_masks;
 
 extern void kvm_nvhe_prepare_backtrace(unsigned long fp, unsigned long pc);
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
index 5fb7b4356b287..41699042a445e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
@@ -5633,6 +5633,8 @@ void kvm_calculate_traps(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	compute_fgu(kvm, HFGRTR2_GROUP);
 	compute_fgu(kvm, HFGITR2_GROUP);
 	compute_fgu(kvm, HDFGRTR2_GROUP);
+	compute_fgu(kvm, ICH_HFGRTR_GROUP);
+	compute_fgu(kvm, ICH_HFGITR_GROUP);
 
 	set_bit(KVM_ARCH_FLAG_FGU_INITIALIZED, &kvm->arch.flags);
 out:
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 12/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Support GICv5 FGTs & FGUs

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:42 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> Extend the existing FGT/FGU infrastructure to include the GICv5 trap
> registers (ICH_HFGRTR_EL2, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2, ICH_HFGITR_EL2). This
> involves mapping the trap registers and their bits to the
> corresponding feature that introduces them (FEAT_GCIE for all, in this
> case), and mapping each trap bit to the system register/instruction
> controlled by it.
> 
> As of this change, none of the GICv5 instructions or register accesses
> are being trapped.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

[PATCH v3 10/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Detect implemented PPIs on boot

[Sascha Bischoff]

As part of booting the system and initialising KVM, create and
populate a mask of the implemented PPIs. This mask allows future PPI
operations (such as save/restore or state, or syncing back into the
shadow state) to only consider PPIs that are actually implemented on
the host.

The set of implemented virtual PPIs matches the set of implemented
physical PPIs for a GICv5 host. Therefore, this mask represents all
PPIs that could ever by used by a GICv5-based guest on a specific
host.

Only architected PPIs are currently supported in KVM with
GICv5. Moreover, as KVM only supports a subset of all possible PPIS
(Timers, PMU, GICv5 SW_PPI) the PPI mask only includes these PPIs, if
present. The timers are always assumed to be present; if we have KVM
we have EL2, which means that we have the EL1 & EL2 Timer PPIs. If we
have a PMU (v3), then the PMUIRQ is present. The GICv5 SW_PPI is
always assumed to be present.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c    |  4 ++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c      | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h         |  1 +
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h             |  5 +++++
 include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h | 10 +++++++++
 5 files changed, 56 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
index 86c149537493f..653364299154e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
@@ -750,5 +750,9 @@ int kvm_vgic_hyp_init(void)
 	}
 
 	kvm_info("vgic interrupt IRQ%d\n", kvm_vgic_global_state.maint_irq);
+
+	/* Always safe to call */
+	vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis();
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index 23d0a495d855e..85f9ee5b0ccad 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 
 #include "vgic.h"
 
+static struct vgic_v5_ppi_caps *ppi_caps;
+
 /*
  * Probe for a vGICv5 compatible interrupt controller, returning 0 on success.
  * Currently only supports GICv3-based VMs on a GICv5 host, and hence only
@@ -53,3 +55,37 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info)
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Not all PPIs are guaranteed to be implemented for GICv5. Deterermine which
+ * ones are, and generate a mask.
+ */
+void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
+{
+	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF))
+		return;
+
+	/* Never freed again */
+	ppi_caps = kzalloc(sizeof(*ppi_caps), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ppi_caps)
+		return;
+
+	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] = 0;
+	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[1] = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have KVM, we have EL2, which means that we have support for the
+	 * EL1 and EL2 P & V timers.
+	 */
+	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTHP);
+	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTV);
+	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTHV);
+	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTP);
+
+	/* The SW_PPI should be available */
+	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_SW_PPI);
+
+	/* The PMUIRQ is available if we have the PMU */
+	if (system_supports_pmuv3())
+		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
+}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
index 5f0fc96b4dc29..15f6afe6b75e1 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
@@ -362,6 +362,7 @@ void vgic_debug_init(struct kvm *kvm);
 void vgic_debug_destroy(struct kvm *kvm);
 
 int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info);
+void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
 
 static inline int vgic_v3_max_apr_idx(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index 67dac9bcc7b01..8529fcbbfd49b 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -414,6 +414,11 @@ struct vgic_v3_cpu_if {
 	unsigned int used_lrs;
 };
 
+/* What PPI capabilities does a GICv5 host have */
+struct vgic_v5_ppi_caps {
+	u64	impl_ppi_mask[2];
+};
+
 struct vgic_cpu {
 	/* CPU vif control registers for world switch */
 	union {
diff --git a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
index 68ddcdb1cec5a..d0103046ceb5e 100644
--- a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
+++ b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
@@ -24,6 +24,16 @@
 #define GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_LPI		UL(0x2)
 #define GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_SPI		UL(0x3)
 
+/*
+ * Architected PPIs
+ */
+#define GICV5_ARCH_PPI_SW_PPI		0x3
+#define GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ		0x17
+#define GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTHP		0x1a
+#define GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTV		0x1b
+#define GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTHV		0x1c
+#define GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTP		0x1e
+
 /*
  * Tables attributes
  */
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 10/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Detect implemented PPIs on boot

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:42 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> As part of booting the system and initialising KVM, create and
> populate a mask of the implemented PPIs. This mask allows future PPI
> operations (such as save/restore or state, or syncing back into the
> shadow state) to only consider PPIs that are actually implemented on
> the host.
> 
> The set of implemented virtual PPIs matches the set of implemented
> physical PPIs for a GICv5 host. Therefore, this mask represents all
> PPIs that could ever by used by a GICv5-based guest on a specific
> host.
> 
> Only architected PPIs are currently supported in KVM with
> GICv5. Moreover, as KVM only supports a subset of all possible PPIS
> (Timers, PMU, GICv5 SW_PPI) the PPI mask only includes these PPIs, if
> present. The timers are always assumed to be present; if we have KVM
> we have EL2, which means that we have the EL1 & EL2 Timer PPIs. If we
> have a PMU (v3), then the PMUIRQ is present. The GICv5 SW_PPI is
> always assumed to be present.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
One minor comment below.

> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> index 23d0a495d855e..85f9ee5b0ccad 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> @@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
>  
>  #include "vgic.h"
>  
> +static struct vgic_v5_ppi_caps *ppi_caps;
> +
>  /*
>   * Probe for a vGICv5 compatible interrupt controller, returning 0 on success.
>   * Currently only supports GICv3-based VMs on a GICv5 host, and hence only
> @@ -53,3 +55,37 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info)
>  
>  	return 0;
>  }
> +
> +/*
> + * Not all PPIs are guaranteed to be implemented for GICv5. Deterermine which
> + * ones are, and generate a mask.
> + */
> +void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
> +{
> +	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF))
> +		return;
> +
> +	/* Never freed again */
> +	ppi_caps = kzalloc(sizeof(*ppi_caps), GFP_KERNEL);
> +	if (!ppi_caps)
> +		return;
> +
> +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] = 0;
> +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[1] = 0;

You just kzalloc() the structure so these are already 0.  Given
it's so close I'm not sure there is any 'documentation' value in setting
them here.

> +
> +	/*
> +	 * If we have KVM, we have EL2, which means that we have support for the
> +	 * EL1 and EL2 P & V timers.
> +	 */
> +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTHP);
> +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTV);
> +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTHV);
> +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTP);
> +
> +	/* The SW_PPI should be available */
> +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_SW_PPI);
> +
> +	/* The PMUIRQ is available if we have the PMU */
> +	if (system_supports_pmuv3())
> +		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
> +}

Re: [PATCH v3 10/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Detect implemented PPIs on boot

[Sascha Bischoff]

On Mon, 2026-01-12 at 14:52 +0000, Jonathan Cameron wrote:
> On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:42 +0000
> Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:
> 
> > As part of booting the system and initialising KVM, create and
> > populate a mask of the implemented PPIs. This mask allows future
> > PPI
> > operations (such as save/restore or state, or syncing back into the
> > shadow state) to only consider PPIs that are actually implemented
> > on
> > the host.
> > 
> > The set of implemented virtual PPIs matches the set of implemented
> > physical PPIs for a GICv5 host. Therefore, this mask represents all
> > PPIs that could ever by used by a GICv5-based guest on a specific
> > host.
> > 
> > Only architected PPIs are currently supported in KVM with
> > GICv5. Moreover, as KVM only supports a subset of all possible PPIS
> > (Timers, PMU, GICv5 SW_PPI) the PPI mask only includes these PPIs,
> > if
> > present. The timers are always assumed to be present; if we have
> > KVM
> > we have EL2, which means that we have the EL1 & EL2 Timer PPIs. If
> > we
> > have a PMU (v3), then the PMUIRQ is present. The GICv5 SW_PPI is
> > always assumed to be present.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
> One minor comment below.
> 
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> > b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> > index 23d0a495d855e..85f9ee5b0ccad 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> > @@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
> >  
> >  #include "vgic.h"
> >  
> > +static struct vgic_v5_ppi_caps *ppi_caps;
> > +
> >  /*
> >   * Probe for a vGICv5 compatible interrupt controller, returning 0
> > on success.
> >   * Currently only supports GICv3-based VMs on a GICv5 host, and
> > hence only
> > @@ -53,3 +55,37 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info
> > *info)
> >  
> >  	return 0;
> >  }
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Not all PPIs are guaranteed to be implemented for GICv5.
> > Deterermine which
> > + * ones are, and generate a mask.
> > + */
> > +void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
> > +{
> > +	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF))
> > +		return;
> > +
> > +	/* Never freed again */
> > +	ppi_caps = kzalloc(sizeof(*ppi_caps), GFP_KERNEL);
> > +	if (!ppi_caps)
> > +		return;
> > +
> > +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] = 0;
> > +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[1] = 0;
> 
> You just kzalloc() the structure so these are already 0.  Given
> it's so close I'm not sure there is any 'documentation' value in
> setting
> them here.

Agreed & dropped.

Sascha

> 
> > +
> > +	/*
> > +	 * If we have KVM, we have EL2, which means that we have
> > support for the
> > +	 * EL1 and EL2 P & V timers.
> > +	 */
> > +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |=
> > BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTHP);
> > +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |=
> > BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTV);
> > +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |=
> > BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTHV);
> > +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |=
> > BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_CNTP);
> > +
> > +	/* The SW_PPI should be available */
> > +	ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |=
> > BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_SW_PPI);
> > +
> > +	/* The PMUIRQ is available if we have the PMU */
> > +	if (system_supports_pmuv3())
> > +		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |=
> > BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
> > +}

[PATCH v3 13/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add emulation for ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 accesses

[Sascha Bischoff]

GICv5 doesn't provide an ICV_IAFFIDR_EL1 or ICH_IAFFIDR_EL2 for
providing the IAFFID to the guest. A guest access to the
ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 must therefore be trapped and emulated to avoid the
guest accessing the host's ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1.

The virtual IAFFID is provided to the guest when it reads
ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 (which always traps back to the hypervisor). Writes are
rightly ignored. KVM treats the GICv5 VPEID, the virtual IAFFID, and
the vcpu_id as the same, and so the vcpu_id is returned.

The trapping for the ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 is always enabled when in a guest
context.

Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/config.c   | 10 +++++++++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
index 6e8ec127c0cea..79e8d6e3b5f8e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
@@ -1582,6 +1582,14 @@ static void __compute_hdfgwtr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		*vcpu_fgt(vcpu, HDFGWTR_EL2) |= HDFGWTR_EL2_MDSCR_EL1;
 }
 
+static void __compute_ich_hfgrtr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2);
+
+	/* ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 *always* needs to be trapped when running a guest */
+	*vcpu_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2) &= ~ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1;
+}
+
 void kvm_vcpu_load_fgt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_FGT))
@@ -1603,7 +1611,7 @@ void kvm_vcpu_load_fgt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	}
 
 	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF)) {
-		__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2);
+		__compute_ich_hfgrtr(vcpu);
 		__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2);
 		__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGITR_EL2);
 	}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
index 41699042a445e..eecfb5f2db79e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
@@ -681,6 +681,21 @@ static bool access_gic_dir(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	return true;
 }
 
+static bool access_gicv5_iaffid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct sys_reg_params *p,
+				const struct sys_reg_desc *r)
+{
+	if (p->is_write)
+		return ignore_write(vcpu, p);
+
+	/*
+	 * For GICv5 VMs, the IAFFID value is the same as the VPE ID. The VPE ID
+	 * is the same as the VCPU's ID.
+	 */
+	p->regval = FIELD_PREP(ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1_IAFFID, vcpu->vcpu_id);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 static bool trap_raz_wi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 			struct sys_reg_params *p,
 			const struct sys_reg_desc *r)
@@ -3414,6 +3429,7 @@ static const struct sys_reg_desc sys_reg_descs[] = {
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_AP1R1_EL1), undef_access },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_AP1R2_EL1), undef_access },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_AP1R3_EL1), undef_access },
+	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1), access_gicv5_iaffid },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_DIR_EL1), access_gic_dir },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_RPR_EL1), undef_access },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_SGI1R_EL1), access_gic_sgi },
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 14/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Add vgic-v5 save/restore hyp interface

[Sascha Bischoff]

Introduce hyp functions to save/restore the following GICv5 state:

* ICC_ICSR_EL1
* ICH_APR_EL2
* ICH_PPI_ACTIVERx_EL2
* ICH_PPI_DVIRx_EL2
* ICH_PPI_ENABLERx_EL2
* ICH_PPI_PENDRRx_EL2
* ICH_PPI_PRIORITYRx_EL2
* ICH_VMCR_EL2

All of these are saved/restored to/from the KVM vgic_v5 CPUIF shadow
state, with the exception of the active, pending, and enable
state. The pending state is saved and restored from kvm_host_data as
any changes here need to be tracked and propagated back to the
vgic_irq shadow structures (coming in a future commit). Therefore, an
entry and an exit copy is required. The active and enable state is
restored from the vgic_v5 CPUIF, but is saved to kvm_host_data. Again,
this needs to by synced back into the shadow data structures.

The ICSR must be save/restored as this register is shared between host
and guest. Therefore, to avoid leaking host state to the guest, this
must be saved and restored. Moreover, as this can by used by the host
at any time, it must be save/restored eagerly. Note: the host state is
not preserved as the host should only use this register when
preemption is disabled.

As part of restoring the ICH_VMCR_EL2 and ICH_APR_EL2, GICv3-compat
mode is also disabled by setting the ICH_VCTLR_EL2.V3 bit to 0. The
correspoinding GICv3-compat mode enable is part of the VMCR & APR
restore for a GICv3 guest as it only takes effect when actually
running a guest.

Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_asm.h   |   4 +
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h  |  16 ++++
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h   |   8 ++
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile   |   2 +-
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c |  32 ++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c    | 123 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/Makefile    |   2 +-
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h             |  22 ++++++
 8 files changed, 207 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_asm.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_asm.h
index a1ad12c72ebf1..fe8d4adfc281d 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_asm.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_asm.h
@@ -89,6 +89,10 @@ enum __kvm_host_smccc_func {
 	__KVM_HOST_SMCCC_FUNC___pkvm_vcpu_load,
 	__KVM_HOST_SMCCC_FUNC___pkvm_vcpu_put,
 	__KVM_HOST_SMCCC_FUNC___pkvm_tlb_flush_vmid,
+	__KVM_HOST_SMCCC_FUNC___vgic_v5_save_apr,
+	__KVM_HOST_SMCCC_FUNC___vgic_v5_restore_vmcr_apr,
+	__KVM_HOST_SMCCC_FUNC___vgic_v5_save_ppi_state,
+	__KVM_HOST_SMCCC_FUNC___vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state,
 };
 
 #define DECLARE_KVM_VHE_SYM(sym)	extern char sym[]
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index 0e535ef50c231..b49820d05e6c5 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -774,6 +774,22 @@ struct kvm_host_data {
 	/* Number of debug breakpoints/watchpoints for this CPU (minus 1) */
 	unsigned int debug_brps;
 	unsigned int debug_wrps;
+
+	/* PPI state tracking for GICv5-based guests */
+	struct {
+		/*
+		 * For tracking the PPI pending state, we need both
+		 * the entry state and exit state to correctly detect
+		 * edges as it is possible that an interrupt has been
+		 * injected in software in the interim.
+		 */
+		u64 pendr_entry[2];
+		u64 pendr_exit[2];
+
+		/* The saved state of the regs when leaving the guest */
+		u64 activer_exit[2];
+		u64 enabler_exit[2];
+	} vgic_v5_ppi_state;
 };
 
 struct kvm_host_psci_config {
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h
index 76ce2b94bd97e..3dcec1df87e9e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h
@@ -87,6 +87,14 @@ void __vgic_v3_save_aprs(struct vgic_v3_cpu_if *cpu_if);
 void __vgic_v3_restore_vmcr_aprs(struct vgic_v3_cpu_if *cpu_if);
 int __vgic_v3_perform_cpuif_access(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
+/* GICv5 */
+void __vgic_v5_save_apr(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if);
+void __vgic_v5_restore_vmcr_apr(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if);
+void __vgic_v5_save_ppi_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if);
+void __vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if);
+void __vgic_v5_save_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if);
+void __vgic_v5_restore_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if);
+
 #ifdef __KVM_NVHE_HYPERVISOR__
 void __timer_enable_traps(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void __timer_disable_traps(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile
index a244ec25f8c5b..84a3bf96def6b 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/Makefile
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ hyp-obj-y := timer-sr.o sysreg-sr.o debug-sr.o switch.o tlb.o hyp-init.o host.o
 	 hyp-main.o hyp-smp.o psci-relay.o early_alloc.o page_alloc.o \
 	 cache.o setup.o mm.o mem_protect.o sys_regs.o pkvm.o stacktrace.o ffa.o
 hyp-obj-y += ../vgic-v3-sr.o ../aarch32.o ../vgic-v2-cpuif-proxy.o ../entry.o \
-	 ../fpsimd.o ../hyp-entry.o ../exception.o ../pgtable.o
+	 ../fpsimd.o ../hyp-entry.o ../exception.o ../pgtable.o ../vgic-v5-sr.o
 hyp-obj-y += ../../../kernel/smccc-call.o
 hyp-obj-$(CONFIG_LIST_HARDENED) += list_debug.o
 hyp-obj-y += $(lib-objs)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c
index a7c689152f686..4fd3ead96df9e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c
@@ -586,6 +586,34 @@ static void handle___pkvm_teardown_vm(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
 	cpu_reg(host_ctxt, 1) = __pkvm_teardown_vm(handle);
 }
 
+static void handle___vgic_v5_save_apr(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *, cpu_if, host_ctxt, 1);
+
+	__vgic_v5_save_apr(kern_hyp_va(cpu_if));
+}
+
+static void handle___vgic_v5_restore_vmcr_apr(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *, cpu_if, host_ctxt, 1);
+
+	__vgic_v5_restore_vmcr_apr(kern_hyp_va(cpu_if));
+}
+
+static void handle___vgic_v5_save_ppi_state(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *, cpu_if, host_ctxt, 1);
+
+	__vgic_v5_save_ppi_state(kern_hyp_va(cpu_if));
+}
+
+static void handle___vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
+{
+	DECLARE_REG(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *, cpu_if, host_ctxt, 1);
+
+	__vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state(kern_hyp_va(cpu_if));
+}
+
 typedef void (*hcall_t)(struct kvm_cpu_context *);
 
 #define HANDLE_FUNC(x)	[__KVM_HOST_SMCCC_FUNC_##x] = (hcall_t)handle_##x
@@ -627,6 +655,10 @@ static const hcall_t host_hcall[] = {
 	HANDLE_FUNC(__pkvm_vcpu_load),
 	HANDLE_FUNC(__pkvm_vcpu_put),
 	HANDLE_FUNC(__pkvm_tlb_flush_vmid),
+	HANDLE_FUNC(__vgic_v5_save_apr),
+	HANDLE_FUNC(__vgic_v5_restore_vmcr_apr),
+	HANDLE_FUNC(__vgic_v5_save_ppi_state),
+	HANDLE_FUNC(__vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state),
 };
 
 static void handle_host_hcall(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..47c71c53fcb10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025, 2026 - Arm Ltd
+ */
+
+#include <linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h>
+
+#include <asm/kvm_hyp.h>
+
+void __vgic_v5_save_apr(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if)
+{
+	cpu_if->vgic_apr = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_APR_EL2);
+}
+
+static void  __vgic_v5_compat_mode_disable(void)
+{
+	sysreg_clear_set_s(SYS_ICH_VCTLR_EL2, ICH_VCTLR_EL2_V3, 0);
+	isb();
+}
+
+void __vgic_v5_restore_vmcr_apr(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if)
+{
+	__vgic_v5_compat_mode_disable();
+
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_vmcr, SYS_ICH_VMCR_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_apr, SYS_ICH_APR_EL2);
+}
+
+void __vgic_v5_save_ppi_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if)
+{
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->activer_exit[0] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_ACTIVER0_EL2);
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->activer_exit[1] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_ACTIVER1_EL2);
+
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->enabler_exit[0] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_ENABLER0_EL2);
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->enabler_exit[1] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_ENABLER1_EL2);
+
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_exit[0] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PENDR0_EL2);
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_exit[1] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PENDR1_EL2);
+
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[0] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR0_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[1] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR1_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[2] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR2_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[3] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR3_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[4] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR4_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[5] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR5_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[6] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR6_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[7] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR7_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[8] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR8_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[9] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR9_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[10] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR10_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[11] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR11_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[12] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR12_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[13] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR13_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[14] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR14_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[15] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR15_EL2);
+
+	/* Now that we are done, disable DVI */
+	write_sysreg_s(0, SYS_ICH_PPI_DVIR0_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(0, SYS_ICH_PPI_DVIR1_EL2);
+}
+
+void __vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if)
+{
+	/* Enable DVI so that the guest's interrupt config takes over */
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_dvir[0], SYS_ICH_PPI_DVIR0_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_dvir[1], SYS_ICH_PPI_DVIR1_EL2);
+
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_activer[0], SYS_ICH_PPI_ACTIVER0_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_activer[1], SYS_ICH_PPI_ACTIVER1_EL2);
+
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_enabler[0], SYS_ICH_PPI_ENABLER0_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_enabler[1], SYS_ICH_PPI_ENABLER1_EL2);
+
+	/* Update the pending state of the NON-DVI'd PPIs, only */
+	write_sysreg_s(host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_entry[0] & ~cpu_if->vgic_ppi_dvir[0],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PENDR0_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_entry[1] & ~cpu_if->vgic_ppi_dvir[1],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PENDR1_EL2);
+
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[0],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR0_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[1],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR1_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[2],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR2_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[3],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR3_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[4],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR4_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[5],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR5_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[6],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR6_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[7],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR7_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[8],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR8_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[9],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR9_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[10],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR10_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[11],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR11_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[12],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR12_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[13],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR13_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[14],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR14_EL2);
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[15],
+		       SYS_ICH_PPI_PRIORITYR15_EL2);
+}
+
+void __vgic_v5_save_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if)
+{
+	cpu_if->vgic_vmcr = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_VMCR_EL2);
+	cpu_if->vgic_icsr = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICC_ICSR_EL1);
+}
+
+void __vgic_v5_restore_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if)
+{
+	write_sysreg_s(cpu_if->vgic_icsr, SYS_ICC_ICSR_EL1);
+}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/Makefile b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/Makefile
index afc4aed9231ac..9695328bbd96e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/Makefile
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/Makefile
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ CFLAGS_switch.o += -Wno-override-init
 
 obj-y := timer-sr.o sysreg-sr.o debug-sr.o switch.o tlb.o
 obj-y += ../vgic-v3-sr.o ../aarch32.o ../vgic-v2-cpuif-proxy.o ../entry.o \
-	 ../fpsimd.o ../hyp-entry.o ../exception.o
+	 ../fpsimd.o ../hyp-entry.o ../exception.o ../vgic-v5-sr.o
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index 8529fcbbfd49b..7682ee72af775 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -414,6 +414,27 @@ struct vgic_v3_cpu_if {
 	unsigned int used_lrs;
 };
 
+struct vgic_v5_cpu_if {
+	u64	vgic_apr;
+	u64	vgic_vmcr;
+
+	/* PPI register state */
+	u64	vgic_ppi_dvir[2];
+	u64	vgic_ppi_priorityr[16];
+	u64	vgic_ppi_activer[2];
+	u64	vgic_ppi_enabler[2];
+	u64	vgic_ppi_pendr[2];
+
+	/*
+	 * The ICSR is re-used across host and guest, and hence it needs to be
+	 * saved/restored. Only one copy is required as the host should block
+	 * preemption between executing GIC CDRCFG and acccessing the
+	 * ICC_ICSR_EL1. A guest, of course, can never guarantee this, and hence
+	 * it is the hyp's responsibility to keep the state constistent.
+	 */
+	u64	vgic_icsr;
+};
+
 /* What PPI capabilities does a GICv5 host have */
 struct vgic_v5_ppi_caps {
 	u64	impl_ppi_mask[2];
@@ -424,6 +445,7 @@ struct vgic_cpu {
 	union {
 		struct vgic_v2_cpu_if	vgic_v2;
 		struct vgic_v3_cpu_if	vgic_v3;
+		struct vgic_v5_cpu_if	vgic_v5;
 	};
 
 	struct vgic_irq *private_irqs;
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 18/36] KVM: arm64: gic: Introduce queue_irq_unlock and set_pending_state to irq_ops

[Sascha Bischoff]

There are times when the default behaviour of vgic_queue_irq_unlock()
is undesirable. This is because some GICs, such a GICv5 which is the
main driver for this change, handle the majority of the interrupt
lifecycle in hardware. In this case, there is no need for a per-VCPU
AP list as the interrupt can be made pending directly. This is done
either via the ICH_PPI_x_EL2 registers for PPIs, or with the VDPEND
system instruction for SPIs and LPIs.

The vgic_queue_irq_unlock() function is made overridable using a new
function pointer in struct irq_ops. vgic_queue_irq_unlock() is
overridden if the function pointer is non-null.

Additionally, a new function is added via a function pointer -
set_pending_state. The intent is for this to be used to directly set
the pending state in hardware.

Both of these new irq_ops are unused in this change - it is purely
providing the infrastructure itself. The subsequent PPI injection
changes provide a demonstration of their usage.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c |  6 ++++++
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h     | 15 +++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
index 62e58fdf611d3..c465ff51cb073 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
@@ -404,6 +404,9 @@ bool vgic_queue_irq_unlock(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq,
 
 	lockdep_assert_held(&irq->irq_lock);
 
+	if (irq->ops && irq->ops->queue_irq_unlock)
+		return irq->ops->queue_irq_unlock(kvm, irq, flags);
+
 retry:
 	vcpu = vgic_target_oracle(irq);
 	if (irq->vcpu || !vcpu) {
@@ -547,6 +550,9 @@ int kvm_vgic_inject_irq(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	else
 		irq->pending_latch = true;
 
+	if (irq->ops && irq->ops->set_pending_state)
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(!irq->ops->set_pending_state(vcpu, irq));
+
 	vgic_queue_irq_unlock(kvm, irq, flags);
 	vgic_put_irq(kvm, irq);
 
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index 50f5e3ffda6bd..4d6791c1ae55e 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -173,6 +173,8 @@ enum vgic_irq_config {
 	VGIC_CONFIG_LEVEL
 };
 
+struct vgic_irq;
+
 /*
  * Per-irq ops overriding some common behavious.
  *
@@ -191,6 +193,19 @@ struct irq_ops {
 	 * peaking into the physical GIC.
 	 */
 	bool (*get_input_level)(int vintid);
+
+	/*
+	 * Function pointer to directly set the pending state for interrupts
+	 * that don't need to be enqueued on AP lists (for example, GICv5 PPIs).
+	 */
+	bool (*set_pending_state)(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_irq *irq);
+
+	/*
+	 * Function pointer to override the queuing of an IRQ.
+	 */
+	bool (*queue_irq_unlock)(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq,
+				unsigned long flags) __releases(&irq->irq_lock);
+
 };
 
 struct vgic_irq {
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 16/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement direct injection of PPIs

[Sascha Bischoff]

GICv5 is able to directly inject PPI pending state into a guest using
a mechanism called DVI whereby the pending bit for a paticular PPI is
driven directly by the physically-connected hardware. This mechanism
itself doesn't allow for any ID translation, so the host interrupt is
directly mapped into a guest with the same interrupt ID.

When mapping a virtual interrupt to a physical interrupt via
kvm_vgic_map_irq for a GICv5 guest, check if the interrupt itself is a
PPI or not. If it is, and the host's interrupt ID matches that used
for the guest DVI is enabled, and the interrupt itself is marked as
directly_injected.

When the interrupt is unmapped again, this process is reversed, and
DVI is disabled for the interrupt again.

Note: the expectation is that a directly injected PPI is disabled on
the host while the guest state is loaded. The reason is that although
DVI is enabled to drive the guest's pending state directly, the host
pending state also remains driven. In order to avoid the same PPI
firing on both the host and the guest, the host's interrupt must be
disabled (masked). This is left up to the code that owns the device
generating the PPI as this needs to be handled on a per-VM basis. One
VM might use DVI, while another might not, in which case the physical
PPI should be enabled for the latter.

Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 15 +++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c    | 10 ++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h    |  1 +
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h        |  1 +
 4 files changed, 27 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index d09b8992345eb..68cf60fc7aa0c 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -90,6 +90,21 @@ void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
 		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Sets/clears the corresponding bit in the ICH_PPI_DVIR register.
+ */
+int vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 irq, bool dvi)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+	u32 ppi = FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, irq);
+	unsigned long *p;
+
+	p = (unsigned long *)&cpu_if->vgic_ppi_dvir[ppi / 64];
+	__assign_bit(ppi % 64, p, dvi);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 void vgic_v5_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
index 1005ff5f36235..62e58fdf611d3 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
@@ -577,12 +577,22 @@ static int kvm_vgic_map_irq(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_irq *irq,
 	irq->host_irq = host_irq;
 	irq->hwintid = data->hwirq;
 	irq->ops = ops;
+
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm) &&
+	    __irq_is_ppi(KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5, irq->intid))
+		irq->directly_injected = !vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(vcpu, irq->hwintid,
+							      true);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /* @irq->irq_lock must be held */
 static inline void kvm_vgic_unmap_irq(struct vgic_irq *irq)
 {
+	if (irq->directly_injected && vgic_is_v5(irq->target_vcpu->kvm))
+		WARN_ON(vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(irq->target_vcpu, irq->hwintid, false));
+
+	irq->directly_injected = false;
 	irq->hw = false;
 	irq->hwintid = 0;
 	irq->ops = NULL;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
index 9905317c9d49d..d5d9264f0a1e9 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
@@ -364,6 +364,7 @@ void vgic_debug_destroy(struct kvm *kvm);
 
 int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info);
 void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
+int vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 irq, bool dvi);
 void vgic_v5_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v5_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v5_set_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcr);
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index 872c278bc7319..f3281bbf98454 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -219,6 +219,7 @@ struct vgic_irq {
 	bool enabled:1;
 	bool active:1;
 	bool hw:1;			/* Tied to HW IRQ */
+	bool directly_injected:1;	/* A directly injected HW IRQ */
 	bool on_lr:1;			/* Present in a CPU LR */
 	refcount_t refcount;		/* Used for LPIs */
 	u32 hwintid;			/* HW INTID number */
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 15/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement GICv5 load/put and save/restore

[Sascha Bischoff]

This change introduces GICv5 load/put. Additionally, it plumbs in
save/restore for:

* PPIs (ICH_PPI_x_EL2 regs)
* ICH_VMCR_EL2
* ICH_APR_EL2
* ICC_ICSR_EL1

A GICv5-specific enable bit is added to struct vgic_vmcr as this
differs from previous GICs. On GICv5-native systems, the VMCR only
contains the enable bit (driven by the guest via ICC_CR0_EL1.EN) and
the priority mask (PCR).

A struct gicv5_vpe is also introduced. This currently only contains a
single field - bool resident - which is used to track if a VPE is
currently running or not, and is used to avoid a case of double load
or double put on the WFI path for a vCPU. This struct will be extended
as additional GICv5 support is merged, specifically for VPE doorbells.

Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c   | 12 +++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-mmio.c    | 28 +++++++----
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c      | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c         | 32 ++++++++-----
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h         |  7 +++
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h             |  2 +
 include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h |  5 ++
 7 files changed, 141 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
index c23e22ffac080..bc446a5d94d68 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
@@ -113,6 +113,12 @@ static void __deactivate_traps(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 /* Save VGICv3 state on non-VHE systems */
 static void __hyp_vgic_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
+	if (kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm)->arch.vgic.vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) {
+		__vgic_v5_save_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
+		__vgic_v5_save_ppi_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif)) {
 		__vgic_v3_save_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
 		__vgic_v3_deactivate_traps(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
@@ -122,6 +128,12 @@ static void __hyp_vgic_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 /* Restore VGICv3 state on non-VHE systems */
 static void __hyp_vgic_restore_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
+	if (kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm)->arch.vgic.vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) {
+		__vgic_v5_restore_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
+		__vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif)) {
 		__vgic_v3_activate_traps(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
 		__vgic_v3_restore_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-mmio.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-mmio.c
index a573b1f0c6cbe..675c2844f5e5c 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-mmio.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-mmio.c
@@ -842,18 +842,30 @@ vgic_find_mmio_region(const struct vgic_register_region *regions,
 
 void vgic_set_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcr)
 {
-	if (kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V2)
-		vgic_v2_set_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
-	else
-		vgic_v3_set_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
+	const struct vgic_dist *dist = &vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic;
+
+	if (dist->vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) {
+		vgic_v5_set_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
+	} else {
+		if (kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V2)
+			vgic_v2_set_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
+		else
+			vgic_v3_set_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
+	}
 }
 
 void vgic_get_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcr)
 {
-	if (kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V2)
-		vgic_v2_get_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
-	else
-		vgic_v3_get_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
+	const struct vgic_dist *dist = &vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic;
+
+	if (dist->vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) {
+		vgic_v5_get_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
+	} else {
+		if (kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V2)
+			vgic_v2_get_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
+		else
+			vgic_v3_get_vmcr(vcpu, vmcr);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index 85f9ee5b0ccad..d09b8992345eb 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -89,3 +89,77 @@ void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
 	if (system_supports_pmuv3())
 		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
 }
+
+void vgic_v5_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+
+	/*
+	 * On the WFI path, vgic_load is called a second time. The first is when
+	 * scheduling in the vcpu thread again, and the second is when leaving
+	 * WFI. Skip the second instance as it serves no purpose and just
+	 * restores the same state again.
+	 */
+	if (READ_ONCE(cpu_if->gicv5_vpe.resident))
+		return;
+
+	kvm_call_hyp(__vgic_v5_restore_vmcr_apr, cpu_if);
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(cpu_if->gicv5_vpe.resident, true);
+}
+
+void vgic_v5_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+
+	/*
+	 * Do nothing if we're not resident. This can happen in the WFI path
+	 * where we do a vgic_put in the WFI path and again later when
+	 * descheduling the thread. We risk losing VMCR state if we sync it
+	 * twice, so instead return early in this case.
+	 */
+	if (!READ_ONCE(cpu_if->gicv5_vpe.resident))
+		return;
+
+	kvm_call_hyp(__vgic_v5_save_apr, cpu_if);
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(cpu_if->gicv5_vpe.resident, false);
+}
+
+void vgic_v5_get_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcrp)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+	u64 vmcr = cpu_if->vgic_vmcr;
+
+	vmcrp->en = FIELD_GET(FEAT_GCIE_ICH_VMCR_EL2_EN, vmcr);
+	vmcrp->pmr = FIELD_GET(FEAT_GCIE_ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, vmcr);
+}
+
+void vgic_v5_set_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcrp)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+	u64 vmcr;
+
+	vmcr = FIELD_PREP(FEAT_GCIE_ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, vmcrp->pmr) |
+	       FIELD_PREP(FEAT_GCIE_ICH_VMCR_EL2_EN, vmcrp->en);
+
+	cpu_if->vgic_vmcr = vmcr;
+}
+
+void vgic_v5_restore_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+
+	__vgic_v5_restore_state(cpu_if);
+	kvm_call_hyp(__vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state, cpu_if);
+	dsb(sy);
+}
+
+void vgic_v5_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+
+	__vgic_v5_save_state(cpu_if);
+	kvm_call_hyp(__vgic_v5_save_ppi_state, cpu_if);
+	dsb(sy);
+}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
index 2c0e8803342e2..1005ff5f36235 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
@@ -996,7 +996,9 @@ static inline bool can_access_vgic_from_kernel(void)
 
 static inline void vgic_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif))
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		vgic_v5_save_state(vcpu);
+	else if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif))
 		vgic_v2_save_state(vcpu);
 	else
 		__vgic_v3_save_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
@@ -1005,14 +1007,16 @@ static inline void vgic_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 /* Sync back the hardware VGIC state into our emulation after a guest's run. */
 void kvm_vgic_sync_hwstate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	/* If nesting, emulate the HW effect from L0 to L1 */
-	if (vgic_state_is_nested(vcpu)) {
-		vgic_v3_sync_nested(vcpu);
-		return;
-	}
+	if (!vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm)) {
+		/* If nesting, emulate the HW effect from L0 to L1 */
+		if (vgic_state_is_nested(vcpu)) {
+			vgic_v3_sync_nested(vcpu);
+			return;
+		}
 
-	if (vcpu_has_nv(vcpu))
-		vgic_v3_nested_update_mi(vcpu);
+		if (vcpu_has_nv(vcpu))
+			vgic_v3_nested_update_mi(vcpu);
+	}
 
 	if (can_access_vgic_from_kernel())
 		vgic_save_state(vcpu);
@@ -1034,7 +1038,9 @@ void kvm_vgic_process_async_update(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 static inline void vgic_restore_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif))
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		vgic_v5_restore_state(vcpu);
+	else if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif))
 		vgic_v2_restore_state(vcpu);
 	else
 		__vgic_v3_restore_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
@@ -1094,7 +1100,9 @@ void kvm_vgic_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif))
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		vgic_v5_load(vcpu);
+	else if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif))
 		vgic_v2_load(vcpu);
 	else
 		vgic_v3_load(vcpu);
@@ -1108,7 +1116,9 @@ void kvm_vgic_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif))
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		vgic_v5_put(vcpu);
+	else if (!static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif))
 		vgic_v2_put(vcpu);
 	else
 		vgic_v3_put(vcpu);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
index eb16184c14cc5..9905317c9d49d 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
@@ -187,6 +187,7 @@ static inline u64 vgic_ich_hcr_trap_bits(void)
  * registers regardless of the hardware backed GIC used.
  */
 struct vgic_vmcr {
+	u32	en; /* GICv5-specific */
 	u32	grpen0;
 	u32	grpen1;
 
@@ -363,6 +364,12 @@ void vgic_debug_destroy(struct kvm *kvm);
 
 int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info);
 void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
+void vgic_v5_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+void vgic_v5_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+void vgic_v5_set_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcr);
+void vgic_v5_get_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcr);
+void vgic_v5_restore_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+void vgic_v5_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
 static inline int vgic_v3_max_apr_idx(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index 7682ee72af775..872c278bc7319 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -433,6 +433,8 @@ struct vgic_v5_cpu_if {
 	 * it is the hyp's responsibility to keep the state constistent.
 	 */
 	u64	vgic_icsr;
+
+	struct gicv5_vpe gicv5_vpe;
 };
 
 /* What PPI capabilities does a GICv5 host have */
diff --git a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
index d0103046ceb5e..f557dc7f250b8 100644
--- a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
+++ b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
@@ -364,6 +364,11 @@ int gicv5_spi_irq_set_type(struct irq_data *d, unsigned int type);
 int gicv5_irs_iste_alloc(u32 lpi);
 void gicv5_irs_syncr(void);
 
+/* Embedded in kvm.arch */
+struct gicv5_vpe {
+	bool			resident;
+};
+
 struct gicv5_its_devtab_cfg {
 	union {
 		struct {
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 15/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement GICv5 load/put and save/restore

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:44 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> This change introduces GICv5 load/put. Additionally, it plumbs in
> save/restore for:
> 
> * PPIs (ICH_PPI_x_EL2 regs)
> * ICH_VMCR_EL2
> * ICH_APR_EL2
> * ICC_ICSR_EL1
> 
> A GICv5-specific enable bit is added to struct vgic_vmcr as this
> differs from previous GICs. On GICv5-native systems, the VMCR only
> contains the enable bit (driven by the guest via ICC_CR0_EL1.EN) and
> the priority mask (PCR).
> 
> A struct gicv5_vpe is also introduced. This currently only contains a
> single field - bool resident - which is used to track if a VPE is
> currently running or not, and is used to avoid a case of double load
> or double put on the WFI path for a vCPU. This struct will be extended
> as additional GICv5 support is merged, specifically for VPE doorbells.
> 
> Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
> Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>

Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

One comment below.

> ---
>  arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c   | 12 +++++
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-mmio.c    | 28 +++++++----
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c      | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c         | 32 ++++++++-----
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h         |  7 +++
>  include/kvm/arm_vgic.h             |  2 +
>  include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h |  5 ++
>  7 files changed, 141 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
> index c23e22ffac080..bc446a5d94d68 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
> @@ -113,6 +113,12 @@ static void __deactivate_traps(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  /* Save VGICv3 state on non-VHE systems */
>  static void __hyp_vgic_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  {
> +	if (kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm)->arch.vgic.vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) {

Why can't you use the helper? e.g

	if (vgic_is_v5(kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm))) {
Whilst kvm/arm_vgic.h isn't directly included here other stuff from that header
is in use like kvm_vgic_global_state.


> +		__vgic_v5_save_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
> +		__vgic_v5_save_ppi_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
>  	if (static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif)) {
>  		__vgic_v3_save_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
>  		__vgic_v3_deactivate_traps(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
> @@ -122,6 +128,12 @@ static void __hyp_vgic_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  /* Restore VGICv3 state on non-VHE systems */
>  static void __hyp_vgic_restore_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  {
> +	if (kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm)->arch.vgic.vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) {
> +		__vgic_v5_restore_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
> +		__vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +

Re: [PATCH v3 15/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement GICv5 load/put and save/restore

[Sascha Bischoff]

On Mon, 2026-01-12 at 15:49 +0000, Jonathan Cameron wrote:
> On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:44 +0000
> Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:
> 
> > This change introduces GICv5 load/put. Additionally, it plumbs in
> > save/restore for:
> > 
> > * PPIs (ICH_PPI_x_EL2 regs)
> > * ICH_VMCR_EL2
> > * ICH_APR_EL2
> > * ICC_ICSR_EL1
> > 
> > A GICv5-specific enable bit is added to struct vgic_vmcr as this
> > differs from previous GICs. On GICv5-native systems, the VMCR only
> > contains the enable bit (driven by the guest via ICC_CR0_EL1.EN)
> > and
> > the priority mask (PCR).
> > 
> > A struct gicv5_vpe is also introduced. This currently only contains
> > a
> > single field - bool resident - which is used to track if a VPE is
> > currently running or not, and is used to avoid a case of double
> > load
> > or double put on the WFI path for a vCPU. This struct will be
> > extended
> > as additional GICv5 support is merged, specifically for VPE
> > doorbells.
> > 
> > Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
> > Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
> > Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
> 
> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
> 
> One comment below.
> 
> > ---
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c   | 12 +++++
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-mmio.c    | 28 +++++++----
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c      | 74
> > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c         | 32 ++++++++-----
> >  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h         |  7 +++
> >  include/kvm/arm_vgic.h             |  2 +
> >  include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h |  5 ++
> >  7 files changed, 141 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
> > b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
> > index c23e22ffac080..bc446a5d94d68 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c
> > @@ -113,6 +113,12 @@ static void __deactivate_traps(struct kvm_vcpu
> > *vcpu)
> >  /* Save VGICv3 state on non-VHE systems */
> >  static void __hyp_vgic_save_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> >  {
> > +	if (kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm)->arch.vgic.vgic_model ==
> > KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) {
> 
> Why can't you use the helper? e.g
> 
> 	if (vgic_is_v5(kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm))) {
> Whilst kvm/arm_vgic.h isn't directly included here other stuff from
> that header
> is in use like kvm_vgic_global_state.

I can and have now - as part of the one of the previous sets of
reviews, the header file containing the vgic_is_v5() helper changed (I
think v1->v2). Previously, it was not trivially usable here, but now it
is.

Thanks,
Sascha

> 
> 
> > +		__vgic_v5_save_state(&vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
> > +		__vgic_v5_save_ppi_state(&vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
> > +		return;
> > +	}
> > +
> >  	if
> > (static_branch_unlikely(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif)) {
> >  		__vgic_v3_save_state(&vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
> >  		__vgic_v3_deactivate_traps(&vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
> > @@ -122,6 +128,12 @@ static void __hyp_vgic_save_state(struct
> > kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> >  /* Restore VGICv3 state on non-VHE systems */
> >  static void __hyp_vgic_restore_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> >  {
> > +	if (kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm)->arch.vgic.vgic_model ==
> > KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) {
> > +		__vgic_v5_restore_state(&vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
> > +		__vgic_v5_restore_ppi_state(&vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5);
> > +		return;
> > +	}
> > +
> 
> 
> 

[PATCH v3 17/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Finalize GICv5 PPIs and generate mask

[Sascha Bischoff]

We only want to expose a subset of the PPIs to a guest. If a PPI does
not have an owner, it is not being actively driven by a device. The
SW_PPI is a special case, as it is likely for userspace to wish to
inject that.

Therefore, just prior to running the guest for the first time, we need
to finalize the PPIs. A mask is generated which, when combined with
trapping a guest's PPI accesses, allows for the guest's view of the
PPI to be filtered. This mask is global to the VM as all VCPUs PPI
configurations must match.

In addition, the PPI HMR is calculated.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c               |  4 +++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c      | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h             |  9 ++++++
 include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h | 17 +++++++++++
 4 files changed, 79 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
index b7cf9d86aabb7..94f8d13ab3b58 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
@@ -888,6 +888,10 @@ int kvm_arch_vcpu_run_pid_change(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 			return ret;
 	}
 
+	ret = vgic_v5_finalize_ppi_state(kvm);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
 	if (is_protected_kvm_enabled()) {
 		ret = pkvm_create_hyp_vm(kvm);
 		if (ret)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index 68cf60fc7aa0c..bf2c77bafa1d3 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -56,6 +56,55 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int vgic_v5_finalize_ppi_state(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
+
+	if (!vgic_is_v5(kvm))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!ppi_caps)
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	/* The PPI state for all VCPUs should be the same. Pick the first. */
+	vcpu = kvm_get_vcpu(kvm, 0);
+
+	vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_mask[0] = 0;
+	vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_mask[1] = 0;
+	vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_hmr[0] = 0;
+	vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_hmr[1] = 0;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS; i++) {
+		int reg = i / 64;
+		u64 bit = BIT_ULL(i % 64);
+		struct vgic_irq *irq = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.private_irqs[i];
+
+		guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave)(&irq->irq_lock);
+
+		/*
+		 * We only expose PPIs with an owner or the SW_PPI to the
+		 * guest.
+		 */
+		if (!irq->owner &&
+		    FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, irq->intid) != GICV5_ARCH_PPI_SW_PPI)
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * If the PPI isn't implemented, we can't pass it through to a
+		 * guest anyhow.
+		 */
+		if (!(ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[reg] & bit))
+			continue;
+
+		vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_mask[reg] |= bit;
+
+		if (irq->config == VGIC_CONFIG_LEVEL)
+			vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_hmr[reg] |= bit;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Not all PPIs are guaranteed to be implemented for GICv5. Deterermine which
  * ones are, and generate a mask.
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index f3281bbf98454..50f5e3ffda6bd 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
 #define VGIC_MIN_LPI		8192
 #define KVM_IRQCHIP_NUM_PINS	(1020 - 32)
 
+#define VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS	128
+
 #define is_v5_type(t, i)	(FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, (i)) == (t))
 
 #define __irq_is_sgi(t, i)						\
@@ -385,6 +387,11 @@ struct vgic_dist {
 	 * else.
 	 */
 	struct its_vm		its_vm;
+
+	/*
+	 * GICv5 per-VM data.
+	 */
+	struct gicv5_vm		gicv5_vm;
 };
 
 struct vgic_v2_cpu_if {
@@ -571,6 +578,8 @@ int vgic_v4_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v4_commit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 int vgic_v4_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
+int vgic_v5_finalize_ppi_state(struct kvm *kvm);
+
 bool vgic_state_is_nested(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
 /* CPU HP callbacks */
diff --git a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
index f557dc7f250b8..21ac38147687b 100644
--- a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
+++ b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
@@ -369,6 +369,23 @@ struct gicv5_vpe {
 	bool			resident;
 };
 
+struct gicv5_vm {
+	/*
+	 * We only expose a subset of PPIs to the guest. This subset
+	 * is a combination of the PPIs that are actually implemented
+	 * and what we actually choose to expose.
+	 */
+	u64			vgic_ppi_mask[2];
+
+	/*
+	 * The HMR itself is handled by the hardware, but we still need to have
+	 * a mask that we can use when merging in pending state (only the state
+	 * of Edge PPIs is merged back in from the guest an the HMR provides a
+	 * convenient way to do that).
+	 */
+	u64			vgic_ppi_hmr[2];
+};
+
 struct gicv5_its_devtab_cfg {
 	union {
 		struct {
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 20/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Init Private IRQs (PPIs) for GICv5

[Sascha Bischoff]

Initialise the private interrupts (PPIs, only) for GICv5. This means
that a GICv5-style intid is generated (which encodes the PPI type in
the top bits) instead of the 0-based index that is used for older
GICs.

Additionally, set all of the GICv5 PPIs to use Level for the handling
mode, with the exception of the SW_PPI which uses Edge. This matches
the architecturally-defined set in the GICv5 specification (the CTIIRQ
handling mode is IMPDEF, so Level has been picked for that).

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
index 653364299154e..973bbbe56062c 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
@@ -263,13 +263,19 @@ static int vgic_allocate_private_irqs_locked(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 type)
 {
 	struct vgic_cpu *vgic_cpu = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu;
 	int i;
+	u32 num_private_irqs;
 
 	lockdep_assert_held(&vcpu->kvm->arch.config_lock);
 
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		num_private_irqs = VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS;
+	else
+		num_private_irqs = VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS;
+
 	if (vgic_cpu->private_irqs)
 		return 0;
 
-	vgic_cpu->private_irqs = kcalloc(VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS,
+	vgic_cpu->private_irqs = kcalloc(num_private_irqs,
 					 sizeof(struct vgic_irq),
 					 GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
 
@@ -280,22 +286,37 @@ static int vgic_allocate_private_irqs_locked(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 type)
 	 * Enable and configure all SGIs to be edge-triggered and
 	 * configure all PPIs as level-triggered.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < num_private_irqs; i++) {
 		struct vgic_irq *irq = &vgic_cpu->private_irqs[i];
 
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&irq->ap_list);
 		raw_spin_lock_init(&irq->irq_lock);
-		irq->intid = i;
 		irq->vcpu = NULL;
 		irq->target_vcpu = vcpu;
 		refcount_set(&irq->refcount, 0);
-		if (vgic_irq_is_sgi(i)) {
-			/* SGIs */
-			irq->enabled = 1;
-			irq->config = VGIC_CONFIG_EDGE;
+		if (!vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm)) {
+			irq->intid = i;
+			if (vgic_irq_is_sgi(i)) {
+				/* SGIs */
+				irq->enabled = 1;
+				irq->config = VGIC_CONFIG_EDGE;
+			} else {
+				/* PPIs */
+				irq->config = VGIC_CONFIG_LEVEL;
+			}
 		} else {
-			/* PPIs */
-			irq->config = VGIC_CONFIG_LEVEL;
+			irq->intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, i) |
+				     FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE,
+						GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
+
+			/* The only Edge architected PPI is the SW_PPI */
+			if (i == GICV5_ARCH_PPI_SW_PPI)
+				irq->config = VGIC_CONFIG_EDGE;
+			else
+				irq->config = VGIC_CONFIG_LEVEL;
+
+			/* Register the GICv5-specific PPI ops */
+			vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(irq);
 		}
 
 		switch (type) {
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 19/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement PPI interrupt injection

[Sascha Bischoff]

This change introduces interrupt injection for PPIs for GICv5-based
guests.

The lifecycle of PPIs is largely managed by the hardware for a GICv5
system. The hypervisor injects pending state into the guest by using
the ICH_PPI_PENDRx_EL2 registers. These are used by the hardware to
pick a Highest Priority Pending Interrupt (HPPI) for the guest based
on the enable state of each individual interrupt. The enable state and
priority for each interrupt are provided by the guest itself (through
writes to the PPI registers).

When Direct Virtual Interrupt (DVI) is set for a particular PPI, the
hypervisor is even able to skip the injection of the pending state
altogether - it all happens in hardware.

The result of the above is that no AP lists are required for GICv5,
unlike for older GICs. Instead, for PPIs the ICH_PPI_* registers
fulfil the same purpose for all 128 PPIs. Hence, as long as the
ICH_PPI_* registers are populated prior to guest entry, and merged
back into the KVM shadow state on exit, the PPI state is preserved,
and interrupts can be injected.

When injecting the state of a PPI the state is merged into the KVM's
shadow state using the set_pending_state irq_op. The directly sets the
relevant bit in the shadow ICH_PPI_PENDRx_EL2, which is presented to
the guest (and GICv5 hardware) on next guest entry. The
queue_irq_unlock irq_op is required to kick the vCPU to ensure that it
seems the new state. The result is that no AP lists are used for
private interrupts on GICv5.

Prior to entering the guest, vgic_v5_flush_ppi_state is called from
kvm_vgic_flush_hwstate. The effectively snapshots the shadow PPI
pending state (twice - an entry and an exit copy) in order to track
any changes. These changes can come from a guest consuming an
interrupt or from a guest making an Edge-triggered interrupt pending.

When returning from running a guest, the guest's PPI state is merged
back into KVM's shadow state in vgic_v5_merge_ppi_state from
kvm_vgic_sync_hwstate. The Enable and Active state is synced back for
all PPIs, and the pending state is synced back for Edge PPIs (Level is
driven directly by the devices generating said levels). The incoming
pending state from the guest is merged with KVM's shadow state to
avoid losing any incoming interrupts.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 160 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c    |  40 +++++++--
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h    |  25 ++++--
 3 files changed, 209 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index bf2c77bafa1d3..c1899add8f5c3 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -139,6 +139,166 @@ void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
 		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
 }
 
+static bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+					  struct vgic_irq *irq)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if;
+	const u32 id = FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, irq->intid);
+	unsigned long *p;
+
+	if (!vcpu || !irq)
+		return false;
+
+	/*
+	 * For DVI'd interrupts, the state is directly driven by the host
+	 * hardware connected to the interrupt line. There is nothing for us to
+	 * do here. Moreover, this is just broken!
+	 */
+	if (WARN_ON(irq->directly_injected))
+		return true;
+
+	cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+
+	p = (unsigned long *)&cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[id / 64];
+	__assign_bit(id % 64, p, irq_is_pending(irq));
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * For GICv5, the PPIs are mostly directly managed by the hardware. We (the
+ * hypervisor) handle the pending, active, enable state save/restore, but don't
+ * need the PPIs to be queued on a per-VCPU AP list. Therefore, sanity check the
+ * state, unlock, and return.
+ */
+static bool vgic_v5_ppi_queue_irq_unlock(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq,
+					 unsigned long flags)
+	__releases(&irq->irq_lock)
+{
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
+
+	lockdep_assert_held(&irq->irq_lock);
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!__irq_is_ppi(KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5, irq->intid)))
+		goto out_unlock_fail;
+
+	vcpu = irq->target_vcpu;
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!vcpu))
+		goto out_unlock_fail;
+
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&irq->irq_lock, flags);
+
+	/* Directly kick the target VCPU to make sure it sees the IRQ */
+	kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_IRQ_PENDING, vcpu);
+	kvm_vcpu_kick(vcpu);
+
+	return true;
+
+out_unlock_fail:
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&irq->irq_lock, flags);
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+static struct irq_ops vgic_v5_ppi_irq_ops = {
+	.set_pending_state = vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state,
+	.queue_irq_unlock = vgic_v5_ppi_queue_irq_unlock,
+};
+
+void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq)
+{
+	if (WARN_ON(!irq))
+		return;
+
+	guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave)(&irq->irq_lock);
+
+	if (!WARN_ON(irq->ops))
+		irq->ops = &vgic_v5_ppi_irq_ops;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Detect any PPIs state changes, and propagate the state with KVM's
+ * shadow structures.
+ */
+void vgic_v5_fold_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+
+	for (int reg = 0; reg < 2; reg++) {
+		const u64 activer = host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->activer_exit[reg];
+		const u64 pendr = host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_exit[reg];
+		unsigned long changed_bits;
+		int i;
+
+		/*
+		 * Track what changed across activer, pendr, but mask with
+		 * ~DVI.
+		 */
+		changed_bits = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_activer[reg] ^ activer;
+		changed_bits |= host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_entry[reg] ^ pendr;
+		changed_bits &= ~cpu_if->vgic_ppi_dvir[reg];
+
+		for_each_set_bit(i, &changed_bits, 64) {
+			struct vgic_irq *irq;
+			u32 intid;
+
+			intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
+			intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, reg * 64 + i);
+
+			irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
+
+			scoped_guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave, &irq->irq_lock) {
+				irq->active = !!(activer & BIT(i));
+
+				/*
+				 * This is an OR to avoid losing incoming
+				 * edges!
+				 */
+				if (irq->config == VGIC_CONFIG_EDGE)
+					irq->pending_latch |= !!(pendr & BIT(i));
+			}
+
+			vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
+		}
+
+		/* Re-inject the exit state as entry state next time! */
+		cpu_if->vgic_ppi_activer[reg] = activer;
+
+		/*
+		 * Pending state is a bit different. We only propagate back
+		 * pending state for Edge interrupts. Moreover, this is OR'd
+		 * with the incoming state to make sure we don't lose incoming
+		 * edges. Use the (inverse) HMR to mask off all Level bits, and
+		 * OR.
+		 */
+		cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[reg] |=
+			pendr & ~vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_hmr[reg];
+	}
+}
+
+void vgic_v5_flush_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+
+	/*
+	 * We're about to enter the guest. Copy the shadow state to the pending
+	 * reg that will be written to the ICH_PPI_PENDRx_EL2 regs. While the
+	 * guest is running we track any incoming changes to the pending state in
+	 * vgic_ppi_pendr. The incoming changes are merged with the outgoing
+	 * changes on the return path.
+	 */
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_entry[0] = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[0];
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_entry[1] = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[1];
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure that we can correctly detect "edges" in the PPI
+	 * state. There's a path where we never actually enter the guest, and
+	 * failure to do this risks losing pending state
+	 */
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_exit[0] = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[0];
+	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_exit[1] = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[1];
+}
+
 /*
  * Sets/clears the corresponding bit in the ICH_PPI_DVIR register.
  */
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
index c465ff51cb073..1cdfa5224ead5 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
@@ -105,6 +105,18 @@ struct vgic_irq *vgic_get_vcpu_irq(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 intid)
 	if (WARN_ON(!vcpu))
 		return NULL;
 
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm)) {
+		u32 int_num;
+
+		if (!__irq_is_ppi(KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5, intid))
+			return NULL;
+
+		int_num = FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, intid);
+		int_num = array_index_nospec(int_num, VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS);
+
+		return &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.private_irqs[int_num];
+	}
+
 	/* SGIs and PPIs */
 	if (intid < VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS) {
 		intid = array_index_nospec(intid, VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS);
@@ -828,9 +840,11 @@ static void vgic_prune_ap_list(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		vgic_release_deleted_lpis(vcpu->kvm);
 }
 
-static inline void vgic_fold_lr_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+static void vgic_fold_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	if (kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V2)
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		vgic_v5_fold_ppi_state(vcpu);
+	else if (kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V2)
 		vgic_v2_fold_lr_state(vcpu);
 	else
 		vgic_v3_fold_lr_state(vcpu);
@@ -1037,8 +1051,10 @@ void kvm_vgic_sync_hwstate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	if (can_access_vgic_from_kernel())
 		vgic_save_state(vcpu);
 
-	vgic_fold_lr_state(vcpu);
-	vgic_prune_ap_list(vcpu);
+	vgic_fold_state(vcpu);
+
+	if (!vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		vgic_prune_ap_list(vcpu);
 }
 
 /* Sync interrupts that were deactivated through a DIR trap */
@@ -1062,6 +1078,17 @@ static inline void vgic_restore_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		__vgic_v3_restore_state(&vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3);
 }
 
+static void vgic_flush_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm)) {
+		vgic_v5_flush_ppi_state(vcpu);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(raw_spinlock, &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.ap_list_lock)
+		vgic_flush_lr_state(vcpu);
+}
+
 /* Flush our emulation state into the GIC hardware before entering the guest. */
 void kvm_vgic_flush_hwstate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
@@ -1098,13 +1125,12 @@ void kvm_vgic_flush_hwstate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 	DEBUG_SPINLOCK_BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
 
-	scoped_guard(raw_spinlock, &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.ap_list_lock)
-		vgic_flush_lr_state(vcpu);
+	vgic_flush_state(vcpu);
 
 	if (can_access_vgic_from_kernel())
 		vgic_restore_state(vcpu);
 
-	if (vgic_supports_direct_irqs(vcpu->kvm))
+	if (vgic_supports_direct_irqs(vcpu->kvm) && kvm_vgic_global_state.has_gicv4)
 		vgic_v4_commit(vcpu);
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
index d5d9264f0a1e9..c8f538e65303f 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
@@ -364,7 +364,10 @@ void vgic_debug_destroy(struct kvm *kvm);
 
 int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info);
 void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
+void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq);
 int vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 irq, bool dvi);
+void vgic_v5_flush_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+void vgic_v5_fold_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v5_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v5_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v5_set_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcr);
@@ -433,15 +436,6 @@ void vgic_its_invalidate_all_caches(struct kvm *kvm);
 int vgic_its_inv_lpi(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq);
 int vgic_its_invall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
-bool system_supports_direct_sgis(void);
-bool vgic_supports_direct_msis(struct kvm *kvm);
-bool vgic_supports_direct_sgis(struct kvm *kvm);
-
-static inline bool vgic_supports_direct_irqs(struct kvm *kvm)
-{
-	return vgic_supports_direct_msis(kvm) || vgic_supports_direct_sgis(kvm);
-}
-
 int vgic_v4_init(struct kvm *kvm);
 void vgic_v4_teardown(struct kvm *kvm);
 void vgic_v4_configure_vsgis(struct kvm *kvm);
@@ -481,6 +475,19 @@ static inline bool vgic_is_v3(struct kvm *kvm)
 	return kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V3 || vgic_is_v3_compat(kvm);
 }
 
+bool system_supports_direct_sgis(void);
+bool vgic_supports_direct_msis(struct kvm *kvm);
+bool vgic_supports_direct_sgis(struct kvm *kvm);
+
+static inline bool vgic_supports_direct_irqs(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	/* GICv5 always supports direct IRQs */
+	if (vgic_is_v5(kvm))
+		return true;
+
+	return vgic_supports_direct_msis(kvm) || vgic_supports_direct_sgis(kvm);
+}
+
 int vgic_its_debug_init(struct kvm_device *dev);
 void vgic_its_debug_destroy(struct kvm_device *dev);
 
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 19/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Implement PPI interrupt injection

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:45 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> This change introduces interrupt injection for PPIs for GICv5-based
> guests.
> 
> The lifecycle of PPIs is largely managed by the hardware for a GICv5
> system. The hypervisor injects pending state into the guest by using
> the ICH_PPI_PENDRx_EL2 registers. These are used by the hardware to
> pick a Highest Priority Pending Interrupt (HPPI) for the guest based
> on the enable state of each individual interrupt. The enable state and
> priority for each interrupt are provided by the guest itself (through
> writes to the PPI registers).
> 
> When Direct Virtual Interrupt (DVI) is set for a particular PPI, the
> hypervisor is even able to skip the injection of the pending state
> altogether - it all happens in hardware.
> 
> The result of the above is that no AP lists are required for GICv5,
> unlike for older GICs. Instead, for PPIs the ICH_PPI_* registers
> fulfil the same purpose for all 128 PPIs. Hence, as long as the
> ICH_PPI_* registers are populated prior to guest entry, and merged
> back into the KVM shadow state on exit, the PPI state is preserved,
> and interrupts can be injected.
> 
> When injecting the state of a PPI the state is merged into the KVM's
> shadow state using the set_pending_state irq_op. The directly sets the
> relevant bit in the shadow ICH_PPI_PENDRx_EL2, which is presented to
> the guest (and GICv5 hardware) on next guest entry. The
> queue_irq_unlock irq_op is required to kick the vCPU to ensure that it
> seems the new state. The result is that no AP lists are used for
> private interrupts on GICv5.
> 
> Prior to entering the guest, vgic_v5_flush_ppi_state is called from
> kvm_vgic_flush_hwstate. The effectively snapshots the shadow PPI
> pending state (twice - an entry and an exit copy) in order to track
> any changes. These changes can come from a guest consuming an
> interrupt or from a guest making an Edge-triggered interrupt pending.
> 
> When returning from running a guest, the guest's PPI state is merged
> back into KVM's shadow state in vgic_v5_merge_ppi_state from
> kvm_vgic_sync_hwstate. The Enable and Active state is synced back for
> all PPIs, and the pending state is synced back for Edge PPIs (Level is
> driven directly by the devices generating said levels). The incoming
> pending state from the guest is merged with KVM's shadow state to
> avoid losing any incoming interrupts.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Trivial naming thing inline. Either way
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

> ---
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 160 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c    |  40 +++++++--
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h    |  25 ++++--
>  3 files changed, 209 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> index bf2c77bafa1d3..c1899add8f5c3 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> @@ -139,6 +139,166 @@ void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
>  		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
>  }
>  
> +static bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
> +					  struct vgic_irq *irq)
> +{
> +	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if;
> +	const u32 id = FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, irq->intid);
See below. This seems like reasonable naming choice where I suggest
adding a local variable. 
> +	unsigned long *p;
> +
> +	if (!vcpu || !irq)
> +		return false;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * For DVI'd interrupts, the state is directly driven by the host
> +	 * hardware connected to the interrupt line. There is nothing for us to
> +	 * do here. Moreover, this is just broken!
> +	 */
> +	if (WARN_ON(irq->directly_injected))
> +		return true;
> +
> +	cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> +
> +	p = (unsigned long *)&cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[id / 64];
> +	__assign_bit(id % 64, p, irq_is_pending(irq));
> +
> +	return true;
> +}

>  /*
>   * Sets/clears the corresponding bit in the ICH_PPI_DVIR register.
>   */
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> index c465ff51cb073..1cdfa5224ead5 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> @@ -105,6 +105,18 @@ struct vgic_irq *vgic_get_vcpu_irq(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 intid)
>  	if (WARN_ON(!vcpu))
>  		return NULL;
>  
> +	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm)) {
> +		u32 int_num;
> +
> +		if (!__irq_is_ppi(KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5, intid))
> +			return NULL;
> +
> +		int_num = FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, intid);

I'd use an extra local variable to avoid int_num changing meaning like this.
Perhaps 
		u32 int_num, hwirq_id;

		hwirq_id = FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, intid);
		int_num = array_index_nospec(hwirq_id, VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS);

or just id = FIELD_GET() given use above.


> +		int_num = array_index_nospec(int_num, VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS);
> +
> +		return &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.private_irqs[int_num];
> +	}
> +

[PATCH v3 22/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Trap and mask guest ICC_PPI_ENABLERx_EL1 writes

[Sascha Bischoff]

A guest should not be able to detect if a PPI that is not exposed to
the guest is implemented or not. Avoid the guest enabling any PPIs
that are not implemented as far as the guest is concerned by trapping
and masking writes to the two ICC_PPI_ENABLERx_EL1 regisers.

When a guest writes these registers, the write is masked with the set
of PPIs actually exposed to the guest, and the state is written back
to KVM's shadow state. As there is now no way for the guest to change
the PPI enable state without it being trapped, saving of the PPI
Enable state is dropped from guest exit.

Reads for the above registers are not masked. When the guest is
running and reads from the above registers, it is presented with what
KVM provides in the ICH_PPI_ENABLERx_EL2 registers, which is the
masked version of what the guest last wrote.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h |  1 -
 arch/arm64/kvm/config.c           | 15 +++++++++++--
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c   |  3 ---
 arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c         | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 48 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index b49820d05e6c5..0c7ac0f0a1823 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -788,7 +788,6 @@ struct kvm_host_data {
 
 		/* The saved state of the regs when leaving the guest */
 		u64 activer_exit[2];
-		u64 enabler_exit[2];
 	} vgic_v5_ppi_state;
 };
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
index 79e8d6e3b5f8e..a82a72973378f 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/config.c
@@ -1586,10 +1586,21 @@ static void __compute_ich_hfgrtr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2);
 
-	/* ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 *always* needs to be trapped when running a guest */
+	/* ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1 *always* needs to be trapped when running a guest. */
 	*vcpu_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGRTR_EL2) &= ~ICH_HFGRTR_EL2_ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1;
 }
 
+static void __compute_ich_hfgwtr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2);
+
+	/*
+	 * We present a different subset of PPIs the guest from what
+	 * exist in real hardware. We only trap writes, not reads.
+	 */
+	*vcpu_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2) &= ~(ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_PPI_ENABLERn_EL1);
+}
+
 void kvm_vcpu_load_fgt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_FGT))
@@ -1612,7 +1623,7 @@ void kvm_vcpu_load_fgt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_CPUIF)) {
 		__compute_ich_hfgrtr(vcpu);
-		__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGWTR_EL2);
+		__compute_ich_hfgwtr(vcpu);
 		__compute_fgt(vcpu, ICH_HFGITR_EL2);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c
index 47c71c53fcb10..4d20b90031711 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vgic-v5-sr.c
@@ -31,9 +31,6 @@ void __vgic_v5_save_ppi_state(struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if)
 	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->activer_exit[0] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_ACTIVER0_EL2);
 	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->activer_exit[1] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_ACTIVER1_EL2);
 
-	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->enabler_exit[0] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_ENABLER0_EL2);
-	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->enabler_exit[1] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_ENABLER1_EL2);
-
 	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_exit[0] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PENDR0_EL2);
 	host_data_ptr(vgic_v5_ppi_state)->pendr_exit[1] = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICH_PPI_PENDR1_EL2);
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
index eecfb5f2db79e..89bc2f6ea68d1 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c
@@ -696,6 +696,39 @@ static bool access_gicv5_iaffid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct sys_reg_params *p,
 	return true;
 }
 
+static bool access_gicv5_ppi_enabler(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				     struct sys_reg_params *p,
+				     const struct sys_reg_desc *r)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+	u64 masked_write;
+
+	/* We never expect to get here with a read! */
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!p->is_write))
+		return undef_access(vcpu, p, r);
+
+	masked_write = p->regval & vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_mask[p->Op2 % 2];
+	cpu_if->vgic_ppi_enabler[p->Op2 % 2] = masked_write;
+
+	/* Sync the change in enable states to the vgic_irqs */
+	for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+		struct vgic_irq *irq;
+		u32 intid;
+
+		intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
+		intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, (p->Op2 % 2) * 64 + i);
+
+		irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
+
+		scoped_guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave, &irq->irq_lock)
+			irq->enabled = !!(cpu_if->vgic_ppi_enabler[p->Op2 % 2] & BIT(i));
+
+		vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 static bool trap_raz_wi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 			struct sys_reg_params *p,
 			const struct sys_reg_desc *r)
@@ -3430,6 +3463,8 @@ static const struct sys_reg_desc sys_reg_descs[] = {
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_AP1R2_EL1), undef_access },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_AP1R3_EL1), undef_access },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_IAFFIDR_EL1), access_gicv5_iaffid },
+	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_PPI_ENABLER0_EL1), access_gicv5_ppi_enabler },
+	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_PPI_ENABLER1_EL1), access_gicv5_ppi_enabler },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_DIR_EL1), access_gic_dir },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_RPR_EL1), undef_access },
 	{ SYS_DESC(SYS_ICC_SGI1R_EL1), access_gic_sgi },
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 22/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Trap and mask guest ICC_PPI_ENABLERx_EL1 writes

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:46 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> A guest should not be able to detect if a PPI that is not exposed to
> the guest is implemented or not. Avoid the guest enabling any PPIs
> that are not implemented as far as the guest is concerned by trapping
> and masking writes to the two ICC_PPI_ENABLERx_EL1 regisers.

registers

> 
> When a guest writes these registers, the write is masked with the set
> of PPIs actually exposed to the guest, and the state is written back
> to KVM's shadow state. As there is now no way for the guest to change
> the PPI enable state without it being trapped, saving of the PPI
> Enable state is dropped from guest exit.
> 
> Reads for the above registers are not masked. When the guest is
> running and reads from the above registers, it is presented with what
> KVM provides in the ICH_PPI_ENABLERx_EL2 registers, which is the
> masked version of what the guest last wrote.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>

Seems fine to me.
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

[PATCH v3 21/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Check for pending PPIs

[Sascha Bischoff]

This change allows KVM to check for pending PPI interrupts. This has
two main components:

First of all, the effective priority mask is calculated.  This is a
combination of the priority mask in the VPEs ICC_PCR_EL1.PRIORITY and
the currently running priority as determined from the VPE's
ICH_APR_EL1. If an interrupt's priority is greater than or equal to
the effective priority mask, it can be signalled. Otherwise, it
cannot.

Secondly, any Enabled and Pending PPIs must be checked against this
compound priority mask. The reqires the PPI priorities to by synced
back to the KVM shadow state - this is skipped in general operation as
it isn't required and is rather expensive. If any Enabled and Pending
PPIs are of sufficient priority to be signalled, then there are
pending PPIs. Else, there are not.  This ensures that a VPE is not
woken when it cannot actually process the pending interrupts.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly <joey.gouly@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 133 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c    |   3 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h    |   1 +
 3 files changed, 137 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index c1899add8f5c3..3e2a01e3008c4 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -139,6 +139,29 @@ void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
 		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
 }
 
+static u32 vgic_v5_get_effective_priority_mask(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+	u32 highest_ap, priority_mask;
+
+	/*
+	 * Counting the number of trailing zeros gives the current active
+	 * priority. Explicitly use the 32-bit version here as we have 32
+	 * priorities. 32 then means that there are no active priorities.
+	 */
+	highest_ap = cpu_if->vgic_apr ? __builtin_ctz(cpu_if->vgic_apr) : 32;
+
+	/*
+	 * An interrupt is of sufficient priority if it is equal to or
+	 * greater than the priority mask. Add 1 to the priority mask
+	 * (i.e., lower priority) to match the APR logic before taking
+	 * the min. This gives us the lowest priority that is masked.
+	 */
+	priority_mask = FIELD_GET(FEAT_GCIE_ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, cpu_if->vgic_vmcr);
+
+	return min(highest_ap, priority_mask + 1);
+}
+
 static bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 					  struct vgic_irq *irq)
 {
@@ -216,6 +239,112 @@ void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq)
 		irq->ops = &vgic_v5_ppi_irq_ops;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Sync back the PPI priorities to the vgic_irq shadow state for any interrupts
+ * exposed to the guest (skipping all others).
+ */
+static void vgic_v5_sync_ppi_priorities(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+	u64 priorityr;
+
+	/*
+	 * We have 16 PPI Priority regs, but only have a few interrupts that the
+	 * guest is allowed to use. Limit our sync of PPI priorities to those
+	 * actually exposed to the guest by first iterating over the mask of
+	 * exposed PPIs.
+	 */
+	for (int mask_reg = 0; mask_reg < 2; mask_reg++) {
+		unsigned long *p;
+		int i;
+
+		p = (unsigned long *)&vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_mask[mask_reg];
+
+		for_each_set_bit(i, p, 64) {
+			struct vgic_irq *irq;
+			int pri_idx, pri_reg;
+			u32 intid;
+			u8 priority;
+
+			pri_reg = (mask_reg * 64 + i) / 8;
+			pri_idx = (mask_reg * 64 + i) % 8;
+
+			priorityr = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[pri_reg];
+			priority = (priorityr >> (pri_idx * 8)) & GENMASK(4, 0);
+
+			intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
+			intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, mask_reg * 64 + i);
+
+			irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
+
+			scoped_guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave, &irq->irq_lock)
+				irq->priority = priority;
+
+			vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+bool vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
+	unsigned int priority_mask;
+
+	/* If no pending bits are set, exit early */
+	if (!cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[0] && !cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[1])
+		return false;
+
+	priority_mask = vgic_v5_get_effective_priority_mask(vcpu);
+
+	/* If the combined priority mask is 0, nothing can be signalled! */
+	if (!priority_mask)
+		return false;
+
+	for (int reg = 0; reg < 2; reg++) {
+		const u64 enabler = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_enabler[reg];
+		const u64 pendr = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[reg];
+		unsigned long possible_bits;
+		int i;
+
+		/* Check all interrupts that are enabled and pending */
+		possible_bits = enabler & pendr;
+
+		/*
+		 * Optimisation: pending and enabled with no active priorities
+		 */
+		if (possible_bits && priority_mask == 32)
+			return true;
+
+		for_each_set_bit(i, &possible_bits, 64) {
+			bool has_pending = false;
+			struct vgic_irq *irq;
+			u32 intid;
+
+			intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
+			intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, reg * 64 + i);
+
+			irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
+
+			scoped_guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave, &irq->irq_lock) {
+				/*
+				 * We know that the interrupt is
+				 * enabled and pending, so only check
+				 * the priority.
+				 */
+				if (irq->priority <= priority_mask)
+					has_pending = true;
+			}
+
+			vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
+
+			if (has_pending)
+				return true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
 /*
  * Detect any PPIs state changes, and propagate the state with KVM's
  * shadow structures.
@@ -348,6 +477,10 @@ void vgic_v5_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	kvm_call_hyp(__vgic_v5_save_apr, cpu_if);
 
 	WRITE_ONCE(cpu_if->gicv5_vpe.resident, false);
+
+	/* The shadow priority is only updated on entering WFI */
+	if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, IN_WFI))
+		vgic_v5_sync_ppi_priorities(vcpu);
 }
 
 void vgic_v5_get_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcrp)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
index 1cdfa5224ead5..8f2782ad31f74 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
@@ -1174,6 +1174,9 @@ int kvm_vgic_vcpu_pending_irq(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	unsigned long flags;
 	struct vgic_vmcr vmcr;
 
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		return vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(vcpu);
+
 	if (!vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.enabled)
 		return false;
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
index c8f538e65303f..2c067b571d563 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
@@ -366,6 +366,7 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info);
 void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
 void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq);
 int vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 irq, bool dvi);
+bool vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v5_flush_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v5_fold_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void vgic_v5_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 21/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Check for pending PPIs

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:46 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> This change allows KVM to check for pending PPI interrupts. This has
> two main components:
> 
> First of all, the effective priority mask is calculated.  This is a
> combination of the priority mask in the VPEs ICC_PCR_EL1.PRIORITY and
> the currently running priority as determined from the VPE's
> ICH_APR_EL1. If an interrupt's priority is greater than or equal to
> the effective priority mask, it can be signalled. Otherwise, it
> cannot.
> 
> Secondly, any Enabled and Pending PPIs must be checked against this
> compound priority mask. The reqires the PPI priorities to by synced
> back to the KVM shadow state - this is skipped in general operation as
> it isn't required and is rather expensive. If any Enabled and Pending
> PPIs are of sufficient priority to be signalled, then there are
> pending PPIs. Else, there are not.  This ensures that a VPE is not
> woken when it cannot actually process the pending interrupts.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
> Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly <joey.gouly@arm.com>
Trivial suggestions below.  Assuming you'll tidy up the wrap, the other one
is more of an observation than something I particularly care about.

Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>


> ---
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 133 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c    |   3 +
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h    |   1 +
>  3 files changed, 137 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> index c1899add8f5c3..3e2a01e3008c4 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c


>  static bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
>  					  struct vgic_irq *irq)
>  {
> @@ -216,6 +239,112 @@ void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq)
>  		irq->ops = &vgic_v5_ppi_irq_ops;
>  }
>  
> +/*
> + * Sync back the PPI priorities to the vgic_irq shadow state for any interrupts
> + * exposed to the guest (skipping all others).
> + */
> +static void vgic_v5_sync_ppi_priorities(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> +{
> +	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> +	u64 priorityr;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * We have 16 PPI Priority regs, but only have a few interrupts that the
> +	 * guest is allowed to use. Limit our sync of PPI priorities to those
> +	 * actually exposed to the guest by first iterating over the mask of
> +	 * exposed PPIs.
> +	 */
> +	for (int mask_reg = 0; mask_reg < 2; mask_reg++) {
> +		unsigned long *p;
> +		int i;
> +
> +		p = (unsigned long *)&vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_mask[mask_reg];

Following is minor, but maybe worth some more thought:

Even though it's silly I'd be tempted to avoid that cast via

		unsigned long bm_p = 0;

		bitmap_from_arr64(&bm_p,
				  &vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_mask[mask_reg],
//consider a local variable for this!
				  64);
		for_each_set_bit(i, bm_p, 64) {
		}

which compiler should be able to collapse to a simple u64 assignment.

> +
> +		for_each_set_bit(i, p, 64) {
> +			struct vgic_irq *irq;
> +			int pri_idx, pri_reg;
> +			u32 intid;
> +			u8 priority;
> +
> +			pri_reg = (mask_reg * 64 + i) / 8;
> +			pri_idx = (mask_reg * 64 + i) % 8;
> +
> +			priorityr = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[pri_reg];
> +			priority = (priorityr >> (pri_idx * 8)) & GENMASK(4, 0);
> +
> +			intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
> +			intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, mask_reg * 64 + i);
> +
> +			irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
> +
> +			scoped_guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave, &irq->irq_lock)
> +				irq->priority = priority;
> +
> +			vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
> +		}
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +bool vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> +{
> +	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> +	unsigned int priority_mask;
> +
> +	/* If no pending bits are set, exit early */
> +	if (!cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[0] && !cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[1])
> +		return false;
> +
> +	priority_mask = vgic_v5_get_effective_priority_mask(vcpu);
> +
> +	/* If the combined priority mask is 0, nothing can be signalled! */
> +	if (!priority_mask)
> +		return false;
> +
> +	for (int reg = 0; reg < 2; reg++) {
> +		const u64 enabler = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_enabler[reg];
> +		const u64 pendr = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[reg];
> +		unsigned long possible_bits;
> +		int i;
> +
> +		/* Check all interrupts that are enabled and pending */
> +		possible_bits = enabler & pendr;
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * Optimisation: pending and enabled with no active priorities
> +		 */
> +		if (possible_bits && priority_mask == 32)
> +			return true;
> +
> +		for_each_set_bit(i, &possible_bits, 64) {
> +			bool has_pending = false;
> +			struct vgic_irq *irq;
> +			u32 intid;
> +
> +			intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
> +			intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, reg * 64 + i);
> +
> +			irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
> +
> +			scoped_guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave, &irq->irq_lock) {
> +				/*
> +				 * We know that the interrupt is
short wrap. This could be

				/*
				 * We know that the interrupt is enabled and
				 * pending, so only check the priority.
> +				 */

> +				 * enabled and pending, so only check
> +				 * the priority.
> +				 */
> +				if (irq->priority <= priority_mask)
> +					has_pending = true;
> +			}
> +
> +			vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
> +
> +			if (has_pending)
> +				return true;
> +		}
> +	}
> +
> +	return false;
> +}
> +

Re: [PATCH v3 21/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Check for pending PPIs

[Joey Gouly]

On Fri, Jan 09, 2026 at 05:04:46PM +0000, Sascha Bischoff wrote:
> This change allows KVM to check for pending PPI interrupts. This has
> two main components:
> 
> First of all, the effective priority mask is calculated.  This is a
> combination of the priority mask in the VPEs ICC_PCR_EL1.PRIORITY and
> the currently running priority as determined from the VPE's
> ICH_APR_EL1. If an interrupt's priority is greater than or equal to
> the effective priority mask, it can be signalled. Otherwise, it
> cannot.
> 
> Secondly, any Enabled and Pending PPIs must be checked against this
> compound priority mask. The reqires the PPI priorities to by synced
> back to the KVM shadow state - this is skipped in general operation as
> it isn't required and is rather expensive. If any Enabled and Pending
> PPIs are of sufficient priority to be signalled, then there are
> pending PPIs. Else, there are not.  This ensures that a VPE is not
> woken when it cannot actually process the pending interrupts.
> 

The PPI state is no longer synced to the KVM shadow state in
vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(), only done on WFI.

Can you update the commit message / explain the rationale there.

Thanks,
Joey

> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
> Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly <joey.gouly@arm.com>
> ---
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 133 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c    |   3 +
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h    |   1 +
>  3 files changed, 137 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> index c1899add8f5c3..3e2a01e3008c4 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> @@ -139,6 +139,29 @@ void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void)
>  		ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0] |= BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_PMUIRQ);
>  }
>  
> +static u32 vgic_v5_get_effective_priority_mask(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> +{
> +	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> +	u32 highest_ap, priority_mask;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Counting the number of trailing zeros gives the current active
> +	 * priority. Explicitly use the 32-bit version here as we have 32
> +	 * priorities. 32 then means that there are no active priorities.
> +	 */
> +	highest_ap = cpu_if->vgic_apr ? __builtin_ctz(cpu_if->vgic_apr) : 32;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * An interrupt is of sufficient priority if it is equal to or
> +	 * greater than the priority mask. Add 1 to the priority mask
> +	 * (i.e., lower priority) to match the APR logic before taking
> +	 * the min. This gives us the lowest priority that is masked.
> +	 */
> +	priority_mask = FIELD_GET(FEAT_GCIE_ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR, cpu_if->vgic_vmcr);
> +
> +	return min(highest_ap, priority_mask + 1);
> +}
> +
>  static bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
>  					  struct vgic_irq *irq)
>  {
> @@ -216,6 +239,112 @@ void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq)
>  		irq->ops = &vgic_v5_ppi_irq_ops;
>  }
>  
> +/*
> + * Sync back the PPI priorities to the vgic_irq shadow state for any interrupts
> + * exposed to the guest (skipping all others).
> + */
> +static void vgic_v5_sync_ppi_priorities(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> +{
> +	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> +	u64 priorityr;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * We have 16 PPI Priority regs, but only have a few interrupts that the
> +	 * guest is allowed to use. Limit our sync of PPI priorities to those
> +	 * actually exposed to the guest by first iterating over the mask of
> +	 * exposed PPIs.
> +	 */
> +	for (int mask_reg = 0; mask_reg < 2; mask_reg++) {
> +		unsigned long *p;
> +		int i;
> +
> +		p = (unsigned long *)&vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.vgic_ppi_mask[mask_reg];
> +
> +		for_each_set_bit(i, p, 64) {
> +			struct vgic_irq *irq;
> +			int pri_idx, pri_reg;
> +			u32 intid;
> +			u8 priority;
> +
> +			pri_reg = (mask_reg * 64 + i) / 8;
> +			pri_idx = (mask_reg * 64 + i) % 8;
> +
> +			priorityr = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_priorityr[pri_reg];
> +			priority = (priorityr >> (pri_idx * 8)) & GENMASK(4, 0);
> +
> +			intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
> +			intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, mask_reg * 64 + i);
> +
> +			irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
> +
> +			scoped_guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave, &irq->irq_lock)
> +				irq->priority = priority;
> +
> +			vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
> +		}
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +bool vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> +{
> +	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> +	unsigned int priority_mask;
> +
> +	/* If no pending bits are set, exit early */
> +	if (!cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[0] && !cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[1])
> +		return false;
> +
> +	priority_mask = vgic_v5_get_effective_priority_mask(vcpu);
> +
> +	/* If the combined priority mask is 0, nothing can be signalled! */
> +	if (!priority_mask)
> +		return false;
> +
> +	for (int reg = 0; reg < 2; reg++) {
> +		const u64 enabler = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_enabler[reg];
> +		const u64 pendr = cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[reg];
> +		unsigned long possible_bits;
> +		int i;
> +
> +		/* Check all interrupts that are enabled and pending */
> +		possible_bits = enabler & pendr;
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * Optimisation: pending and enabled with no active priorities
> +		 */
> +		if (possible_bits && priority_mask == 32)
> +			return true;
> +
> +		for_each_set_bit(i, &possible_bits, 64) {
> +			bool has_pending = false;
> +			struct vgic_irq *irq;
> +			u32 intid;
> +
> +			intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
> +			intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, reg * 64 + i);
> +
> +			irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
> +
> +			scoped_guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave, &irq->irq_lock) {
> +				/*
> +				 * We know that the interrupt is
> +				 * enabled and pending, so only check
> +				 * the priority.
> +				 */
> +				if (irq->priority <= priority_mask)
> +					has_pending = true;
> +			}
> +
> +			vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
> +
> +			if (has_pending)
> +				return true;
> +		}
> +	}
> +
> +	return false;
> +}
> +
>  /*
>   * Detect any PPIs state changes, and propagate the state with KVM's
>   * shadow structures.
> @@ -348,6 +477,10 @@ void vgic_v5_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  	kvm_call_hyp(__vgic_v5_save_apr, cpu_if);
>  
>  	WRITE_ONCE(cpu_if->gicv5_vpe.resident, false);
> +
> +	/* The shadow priority is only updated on entering WFI */
> +	if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, IN_WFI))
> +		vgic_v5_sync_ppi_priorities(vcpu);
>  }
>  
>  void vgic_v5_get_vmcr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct vgic_vmcr *vmcrp)
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> index 1cdfa5224ead5..8f2782ad31f74 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> @@ -1174,6 +1174,9 @@ int kvm_vgic_vcpu_pending_irq(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  	unsigned long flags;
>  	struct vgic_vmcr vmcr;
>  
> +	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
> +		return vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(vcpu);
> +
>  	if (!vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.enabled)
>  		return false;
>  
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
> index c8f538e65303f..2c067b571d563 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
> @@ -366,6 +366,7 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info);
>  void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
>  void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq);
>  int vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 irq, bool dvi);
> +bool vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
>  void vgic_v5_flush_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
>  void vgic_v5_fold_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
>  void vgic_v5_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
> -- 
> 2.34.1

[PATCH v3 23/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Support GICv5 interrupts with KVM_IRQ_LINE

[Sascha Bischoff]

Interrupts under GICv5 look quite different to those from older Arm
GICs. Specifically, the type is encoded in the top bits of the
interrupt ID.

Extend KVM_IRQ_LINE to cope with GICv5 PPIs and SPIs. The requires
subtly changing the KVM_IRQ_LINE API for GICv5 guests. For older Arm
GICs, PPIs had to be in the range of 16-31, and SPIs had to be
32-1019, but this no longer holds true for GICv5. Instead, for a GICv5
guest support PPIs in the range of 0-127, and SPIs in the range
0-65535. The documentation is updated accordingly.

The SPI range doesn't cover the full SPI range that a GICv5 system can
potentially cope with (GICv5 provides up to 24-bits of SPI ID space,
and we only have 16 bits to work with in KVM_IRQ_LINE). However, 65k
SPIs is more than would be reasonably expected on systems for years to
come.

In order to use vgic_is_v5(), the kvm/arm_vgic.h header is added to
kvm/arm.c.

Note: As the GICv5 KVM implementation currently doesn't support
injecting SPIs attempts to do so will fail. This restriction will by
lifted as the GICv5 KVM support evolves.

Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst |  6 ++++--
 arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c           | 22 +++++++++++++++++++---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c     |  4 ++++
 3 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
index 01a3abef8abb9..460a5511ebcec 100644
--- a/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
+++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
@@ -907,10 +907,12 @@ The irq_type field has the following values:
 - KVM_ARM_IRQ_TYPE_CPU:
 	       out-of-kernel GIC: irq_id 0 is IRQ, irq_id 1 is FIQ
 - KVM_ARM_IRQ_TYPE_SPI:
-	       in-kernel GIC: SPI, irq_id between 32 and 1019 (incl.)
+	       in-kernel GICv2/GICv3: SPI, irq_id between 32 and 1019 (incl.)
                (the vcpu_index field is ignored)
+	       in-kernel GICv5: SPI, irq_id between 0 and 65535 (incl.)
 - KVM_ARM_IRQ_TYPE_PPI:
-	       in-kernel GIC: PPI, irq_id between 16 and 31 (incl.)
+	       in-kernel GICv2/GICv3: PPI, irq_id between 16 and 31 (incl.)
+	       in-kernel GICv5: PPI, irq_id between 0 and 127 (incl.)
 
 (The irq_id field thus corresponds nicely to the IRQ ID in the ARM GIC specs)
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
index 94f8d13ab3b58..ecb7a87cca15b 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
 #include <kvm/arm_hypercalls.h>
 #include <kvm/arm_pmu.h>
 #include <kvm/arm_psci.h>
+#include <kvm/arm_vgic.h>
+
+#include <linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h>
 
 #include "sys_regs.h"
 
@@ -1430,16 +1433,29 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_irq_line(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_irq_level *irq_level,
 		if (!vcpu)
 			return -EINVAL;
 
-		if (irq_num < VGIC_NR_SGIS || irq_num >= VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
+		if (vgic_is_v5(kvm)) {
+			if (irq_num >= VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
+				return -EINVAL;
+
+			/* Build a GICv5-style IntID here */
+			irq_num |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
+		} else if (irq_num < VGIC_NR_SGIS ||
+			   irq_num >= VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS) {
 			return -EINVAL;
+		}
 
 		return kvm_vgic_inject_irq(kvm, vcpu, irq_num, level, NULL);
 	case KVM_ARM_IRQ_TYPE_SPI:
 		if (!irqchip_in_kernel(kvm))
 			return -ENXIO;
 
-		if (irq_num < VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
-			return -EINVAL;
+		if (vgic_is_v5(kvm)) {
+			/* Build a GICv5-style IntID here */
+			irq_num |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_SPI);
+		} else {
+			if (irq_num < VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
+				return -EINVAL;
+		}
 
 		return kvm_vgic_inject_irq(kvm, NULL, irq_num, level, NULL);
 	}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
index 8f2782ad31f74..1b910e22993c7 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
@@ -86,6 +86,10 @@ static struct vgic_irq *vgic_get_lpi(struct kvm *kvm, u32 intid)
  */
 struct vgic_irq *vgic_get_irq(struct kvm *kvm, u32 intid)
 {
+	/* Non-private IRQs are not yet implemented for GICv5 */
+	if (vgic_is_v5(kvm))
+		return NULL;
+
 	/* SPIs */
 	if (intid >= VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS &&
 	    intid < (kvm->arch.vgic.nr_spis + VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)) {
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 25/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Reset vcpu state

[Sascha Bischoff]

Limit the number of ID and priority bits supported based on the
hardware capabilities when resetting the vcpu state.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c |  6 +++++-
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c   | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h      |  1 +
 3 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
index bde5544b58b09..cad4e217a9f30 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
@@ -394,7 +394,11 @@ int kvm_vgic_vcpu_init(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 static void kvm_vgic_vcpu_reset(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	if (kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V2)
+	const struct vgic_dist *dist = &vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic;
+
+	if (dist->vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5)
+		vgic_v5_reset(vcpu);
+	else if (kvm_vgic_global_state.type == VGIC_V2)
 		vgic_v2_reset(vcpu);
 	else
 		vgic_v3_reset(vcpu);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index f6b0879dd705a..c813f439ac9d2 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -56,6 +56,36 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+void vgic_v5_reset(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	u64 idr0;
+
+	idr0 = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ICC_IDR0_EL1);
+	switch (FIELD_GET(ICC_IDR0_EL1_ID_BITS, idr0)) {
+	case ICC_IDR0_EL1_ID_BITS_16BITS:
+		vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.num_id_bits = 16;
+		break;
+	case ICC_IDR0_EL1_ID_BITS_24BITS:
+		vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.num_id_bits = 24;
+		break;
+	default:
+		pr_warn("unknown value for id_bits");
+		vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.num_id_bits = 16;
+	}
+
+	switch (FIELD_GET(ICC_IDR0_EL1_PRI_BITS, idr0)) {
+	case ICC_IDR0_EL1_PRI_BITS_4BITS:
+		vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.num_pri_bits = 4;
+		break;
+	case ICC_IDR0_EL1_PRI_BITS_5BITS:
+		vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.num_pri_bits = 5;
+		break;
+	default:
+		pr_warn("unknown value for priority_bits");
+		vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.num_pri_bits = 4;
+	}
+}
+
 int vgic_v5_init(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
index c7d7546415cb0..ba155020ea99c 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
@@ -364,6 +364,7 @@ void vgic_debug_destroy(struct kvm *kvm);
 
 int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info);
 void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
+void vgic_v5_reset(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 int vgic_v5_init(struct kvm *kvm);
 int vgic_v5_map_resources(struct kvm *kvm);
 void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq);
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 27/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Mandate architected PPI for PMU emulation on GICv5

[Sascha Bischoff]

Make it mandatory to use the architected PPI when running a GICv5
guest. Attempts to set anything other than the architected PPI (23)
are rejected.

Additionally, KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_INIT is relaxed to no longer require
KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_IRQ to be called for GICv5-based guests. In this
case, the architectued PPI is automatically used.

Documentation is bumped accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst |  5 +++--
 arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c               | 13 +++++++++++--
 include/kvm/arm_pmu.h                   |  5 ++++-
 3 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst
index 60bf205cb3730..5e38058200105 100644
--- a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst
+++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst
@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ Returns:
 A value describing the PMUv3 (Performance Monitor Unit v3) overflow interrupt
 number for this vcpu. This interrupt could be a PPI or SPI, but the interrupt
 type must be same for each vcpu. As a PPI, the interrupt number is the same for
-all vcpus, while as an SPI it must be a separate number per vcpu.
+all vcpus, while as an SPI it must be a separate number per vcpu. For
+GICv5-based guests, the architected PPI (23) must be used.
 
 1.2 ATTRIBUTE: KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_INIT
 ---------------------------------------
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ Returns:
 	 -EEXIST  Interrupt number already used
 	 -ENODEV  PMUv3 not supported or GIC not initialized
 	 -ENXIO   PMUv3 not supported, missing VCPU feature or interrupt
-		  number not set
+		  number not set (non-GICv5 guests, only)
 	 -EBUSY   PMUv3 already initialized
 	 =======  ======================================================
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
index afc838ea2503e..ba7f22b636040 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
@@ -962,8 +962,13 @@ static int kvm_arm_pmu_v3_init(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		if (!vgic_initialized(vcpu->kvm))
 			return -ENODEV;
 
-		if (!kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(vcpu))
-			return -ENXIO;
+		if (!kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(vcpu)) {
+			if (!vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+				return -ENXIO;
+
+			/* Use the architected irq number for GICv5. */
+			vcpu->arch.pmu.irq_num = KVM_ARMV8_PMU_GICV5_IRQ;
+		}
 
 		ret = kvm_vgic_set_owner(vcpu, vcpu->arch.pmu.irq_num,
 					 &vcpu->arch.pmu);
@@ -988,6 +993,10 @@ static bool pmu_irq_is_valid(struct kvm *kvm, int irq)
 	unsigned long i;
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
 
+	/* On GICv5, the PMUIRQ is architecturally mandated to be PPI 23 */
+	if (vgic_is_v5(kvm) && irq != KVM_ARMV8_PMU_GICV5_IRQ)
+		return false;
+
 	kvm_for_each_vcpu(i, vcpu, kvm) {
 		if (!kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(vcpu))
 			continue;
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h b/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
index 96754b51b4116..0a36a3d5c8944 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 
 #define KVM_ARMV8_PMU_MAX_COUNTERS	32
 
+/* PPI #23 - architecturally specified for GICv5 */
+#define KVM_ARMV8_PMU_GICV5_IRQ		0x20000017
+
 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HW_PERF_EVENTS) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KVM)
 struct kvm_pmc {
 	u8 idx;	/* index into the pmu->pmc array */
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ struct arm_pmu_entry {
 };
 
 bool kvm_supports_guest_pmuv3(void);
-#define kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(v)	((v)->arch.pmu.irq_num >= VGIC_NR_SGIS)
+#define kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(v)	((v)->arch.pmu.irq_num != 0)
 u64 kvm_pmu_get_counter_value(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 select_idx);
 void kvm_pmu_set_counter_value(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 select_idx, u64 val);
 void kvm_pmu_set_counter_value_user(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 select_idx, u64 val);
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 27/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Mandate architected PPI for PMU emulation on GICv5

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:47 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> Make it mandatory to use the architected PPI when running a GICv5
> guest. Attempts to set anything other than the architected PPI (23)
> are rejected.
> 
> Additionally, KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_INIT is relaxed to no longer require
> KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_IRQ to be called for GICv5-based guests. In this
> case, the architectued PPI is automatically used.
> 
> Documentation is bumped accordingly.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

Re: [PATCH v3 27/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Mandate architected PPI for PMU emulation on GICv5

[Joey Gouly]

On Fri, Jan 09, 2026 at 05:04:47PM +0000, Sascha Bischoff wrote:
> Make it mandatory to use the architected PPI when running a GICv5
> guest. Attempts to set anything other than the architected PPI (23)
> are rejected.
> 
> Additionally, KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_INIT is relaxed to no longer require
> KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_IRQ to be called for GICv5-based guests. In this
> case, the architectued PPI is automatically used.
> 
> Documentation is bumped accordingly.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>

Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly <joey.gouly@arm.com>

> ---
>  Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst |  5 +++--
>  arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c               | 13 +++++++++++--
>  include/kvm/arm_pmu.h                   |  5 ++++-
>  3 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst
> index 60bf205cb3730..5e38058200105 100644
> --- a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst
> @@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ Returns:
>  A value describing the PMUv3 (Performance Monitor Unit v3) overflow interrupt
>  number for this vcpu. This interrupt could be a PPI or SPI, but the interrupt
>  type must be same for each vcpu. As a PPI, the interrupt number is the same for
> -all vcpus, while as an SPI it must be a separate number per vcpu.
> +all vcpus, while as an SPI it must be a separate number per vcpu. For
> +GICv5-based guests, the architected PPI (23) must be used.
>  
>  1.2 ATTRIBUTE: KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_INIT
>  ---------------------------------------
> @@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ Returns:
>  	 -EEXIST  Interrupt number already used
>  	 -ENODEV  PMUv3 not supported or GIC not initialized
>  	 -ENXIO   PMUv3 not supported, missing VCPU feature or interrupt
> -		  number not set
> +		  number not set (non-GICv5 guests, only)
>  	 -EBUSY   PMUv3 already initialized
>  	 =======  ======================================================
>  
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
> index afc838ea2503e..ba7f22b636040 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c
> @@ -962,8 +962,13 @@ static int kvm_arm_pmu_v3_init(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  		if (!vgic_initialized(vcpu->kvm))
>  			return -ENODEV;
>  
> -		if (!kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(vcpu))
> -			return -ENXIO;
> +		if (!kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(vcpu)) {
> +			if (!vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
> +				return -ENXIO;
> +
> +			/* Use the architected irq number for GICv5. */
> +			vcpu->arch.pmu.irq_num = KVM_ARMV8_PMU_GICV5_IRQ;
> +		}
>  
>  		ret = kvm_vgic_set_owner(vcpu, vcpu->arch.pmu.irq_num,
>  					 &vcpu->arch.pmu);
> @@ -988,6 +993,10 @@ static bool pmu_irq_is_valid(struct kvm *kvm, int irq)
>  	unsigned long i;
>  	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
>  
> +	/* On GICv5, the PMUIRQ is architecturally mandated to be PPI 23 */
> +	if (vgic_is_v5(kvm) && irq != KVM_ARMV8_PMU_GICV5_IRQ)
> +		return false;
> +
>  	kvm_for_each_vcpu(i, vcpu, kvm) {
>  		if (!kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(vcpu))
>  			continue;
> diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h b/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
> index 96754b51b4116..0a36a3d5c8944 100644
> --- a/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
> +++ b/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
> @@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
>  
>  #define KVM_ARMV8_PMU_MAX_COUNTERS	32
>  
> +/* PPI #23 - architecturally specified for GICv5 */
> +#define KVM_ARMV8_PMU_GICV5_IRQ		0x20000017
> +
>  #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HW_PERF_EVENTS) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KVM)
>  struct kvm_pmc {
>  	u8 idx;	/* index into the pmu->pmc array */
> @@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ struct arm_pmu_entry {
>  };
>  
>  bool kvm_supports_guest_pmuv3(void);
> -#define kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(v)	((v)->arch.pmu.irq_num >= VGIC_NR_SGIS)
> +#define kvm_arm_pmu_irq_initialized(v)	((v)->arch.pmu.irq_num != 0)
>  u64 kvm_pmu_get_counter_value(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 select_idx);
>  void kvm_pmu_set_counter_value(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 select_idx, u64 val);
>  void kvm_pmu_set_counter_value_user(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 select_idx, u64 val);
> -- 
> 2.34.1

[PATCH v3 26/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Bump arch timer for GICv5

[Sascha Bischoff]

Now that GICv5 has arrived, the arch timer requires some TLC to
address some of the key differences introduced with GICv5.

For PPIs on GICv5, the set_pending_state and queue_irq_unlock irq_ops
are used as AP lists are not required at all for GICv5. The arch timer
also introduces an irq_op - get_input_level. Extend the
arch-timer-provided irq_ops to include the two PPI ops for vgic_v5
guests.

When possible, DVI (Direct Virtual Interrupt) is set for PPIs when
using a vgic_v5, which directly inject the pending state into the
guest. This means that the host never sees the interrupt for the guest
for these interrupts. This has three impacts.

* First of all, the kvm_cpu_has_pending_timer check is updated to
  explicitly check if the timers are expected to fire.

* Secondly, for mapped timers (which use DVI) they must be masked on
  the host prior to entering a GICv5 guest, and unmasked on the return
  path. This is handled in set_timer_irq_phys_masked.

* Thirdly, it makes zero sense to attempt to inject state for a DVI'd
  interrupt. Track which timers are direct, and skip the call to
  kvm_vgic_inject_irq() for these.

The final, but rather important, change is that the architected PPIs
for the timers are made mandatory for a GICv5 guest. Attempts to set
them to anything else are actively rejected. Once a vgic_v5 is
initialised, the arch timer PPIs are also explicitly reinitialised to
ensure the correct GICv5-compatible PPIs are used - this also adds in
the GICv5 PPI type to the intid.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c     | 117 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c |   9 +++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c   |   8 +--
 include/kvm/arm_arch_timer.h    |  11 ++-
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h          |   4 ++
 5 files changed, 119 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c
index 6f033f6644219..2f30d69dbf1ac 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c
@@ -56,6 +56,12 @@ static struct irq_ops arch_timer_irq_ops = {
 	.get_input_level = kvm_arch_timer_get_input_level,
 };
 
+static struct irq_ops arch_timer_irq_ops_vgic_v5 = {
+	.get_input_level = kvm_arch_timer_get_input_level,
+	.set_pending_state = vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state,
+	.queue_irq_unlock = vgic_v5_ppi_queue_irq_unlock,
+};
+
 static int nr_timers(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	if (!vcpu_has_nv(vcpu))
@@ -177,6 +183,10 @@ void get_timer_map(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct timer_map *map)
 		map->emul_ptimer = vcpu_ptimer(vcpu);
 	}
 
+	map->direct_vtimer->direct = true;
+	if (map->direct_ptimer)
+		map->direct_ptimer->direct = true;
+
 	trace_kvm_get_timer_map(vcpu->vcpu_id, map);
 }
 
@@ -396,7 +406,11 @@ static bool kvm_timer_should_fire(struct arch_timer_context *timer_ctx)
 
 int kvm_cpu_has_pending_timer(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	return vcpu_has_wfit_active(vcpu) && wfit_delay_ns(vcpu) == 0;
+	struct arch_timer_context *vtimer = vcpu_vtimer(vcpu);
+	struct arch_timer_context *ptimer = vcpu_ptimer(vcpu);
+
+	return kvm_timer_should_fire(vtimer) || kvm_timer_should_fire(ptimer) ||
+	       (vcpu_has_wfit_active(vcpu) && wfit_delay_ns(vcpu) == 0);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -447,6 +461,10 @@ static void kvm_timer_update_irq(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool new_level,
 	if (userspace_irqchip(vcpu->kvm))
 		return;
 
+	/* Skip injecting on GICv5 for directly injected (DVI'd) timers */
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm) && timer_ctx->direct)
+		return;
+
 	kvm_vgic_inject_irq(vcpu->kvm, vcpu,
 			    timer_irq(timer_ctx),
 			    timer_ctx->irq.level,
@@ -657,6 +675,24 @@ static inline void set_timer_irq_phys_active(struct arch_timer_context *ctx, boo
 	WARN_ON(r);
 }
 
+/*
+ * On GICv5 we use DVI for the arch timer PPIs. This is restored later
+ * on as part of vgic_load. Therefore, in order to avoid the guest's
+ * interrupt making it to the host we mask it before entering the
+ * guest and unmask it again when we return.
+ */
+static inline void set_timer_irq_phys_masked(struct arch_timer_context *ctx, bool masked)
+{
+	if (masked) {
+		disable_percpu_irq(ctx->host_timer_irq);
+	} else {
+		if (ctx->host_timer_irq == host_vtimer_irq)
+			enable_percpu_irq(ctx->host_timer_irq, host_vtimer_irq_flags);
+		else
+			enable_percpu_irq(ctx->host_timer_irq, host_ptimer_irq_flags);
+	}
+}
+
 static void kvm_timer_vcpu_load_gic(struct arch_timer_context *ctx)
 {
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu = timer_context_to_vcpu(ctx);
@@ -675,7 +711,10 @@ static void kvm_timer_vcpu_load_gic(struct arch_timer_context *ctx)
 
 	phys_active |= ctx->irq.level;
 
-	set_timer_irq_phys_active(ctx, phys_active);
+	if (!vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
+		set_timer_irq_phys_active(ctx, phys_active);
+	else
+		set_timer_irq_phys_masked(ctx, true);
 }
 
 static void kvm_timer_vcpu_load_nogic(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
@@ -719,10 +758,14 @@ static void kvm_timer_vcpu_load_nested_switch(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 					      struct timer_map *map)
 {
 	int hw, ret;
+	struct irq_ops *ops;
 
 	if (!irqchip_in_kernel(vcpu->kvm))
 		return;
 
+	ops = vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm) ? &arch_timer_irq_ops_vgic_v5 :
+				      &arch_timer_irq_ops;
+
 	/*
 	 * We only ever unmap the vtimer irq on a VHE system that runs nested
 	 * virtualization, in which case we have both a valid emul_vtimer,
@@ -741,12 +784,12 @@ static void kvm_timer_vcpu_load_nested_switch(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 		ret = kvm_vgic_map_phys_irq(vcpu,
 					    map->direct_vtimer->host_timer_irq,
 					    timer_irq(map->direct_vtimer),
-					    &arch_timer_irq_ops);
+					    ops);
 		WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
 		ret = kvm_vgic_map_phys_irq(vcpu,
 					    map->direct_ptimer->host_timer_irq,
 					    timer_irq(map->direct_ptimer),
-					    &arch_timer_irq_ops);
+					    ops);
 		WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
 	}
 }
@@ -864,7 +907,8 @@ void kvm_timer_vcpu_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	get_timer_map(vcpu, &map);
 
 	if (static_branch_likely(&has_gic_active_state)) {
-		if (vcpu_has_nv(vcpu))
+		/* We don't do NV on GICv5, yet */
+		if (vcpu_has_nv(vcpu) && !vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
 			kvm_timer_vcpu_load_nested_switch(vcpu, &map);
 
 		kvm_timer_vcpu_load_gic(map.direct_vtimer);
@@ -934,6 +978,14 @@ void kvm_timer_vcpu_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 	if (kvm_vcpu_is_blocking(vcpu))
 		kvm_timer_blocking(vcpu);
+
+	/* Unmask again on GICV5 */
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm)) {
+		set_timer_irq_phys_masked(map.direct_vtimer, false);
+
+		if (map.direct_ptimer)
+			set_timer_irq_phys_masked(map.direct_ptimer, false);
+	}
 }
 
 void kvm_timer_sync_nested(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
@@ -1092,10 +1144,19 @@ void kvm_timer_vcpu_init(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		      HRTIMER_MODE_ABS_HARD);
 }
 
+/*
+ * This is always called during kvm_arch_init_vm, but will also be
+ * called from kvm_vgic_create if we have a vGICv5.
+ */
 void kvm_timer_init_vm(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
+	/*
+	 * Set up the default PPIs - note that we adjust them based on
+	 * the model of the GIC as GICv5 uses a different way to
+	 * describing interrupts.
+	 */
 	for (int i = 0; i < NR_KVM_TIMERS; i++)
-		kvm->arch.timer_data.ppi[i] = default_ppi[i];
+		kvm->arch.timer_data.ppi[i] = get_vgic_ppi(kvm, default_ppi[i]);
 }
 
 void kvm_timer_cpu_up(void)
@@ -1347,6 +1408,7 @@ static int kvm_irq_init(struct arch_timer_kvm_info *info)
 		}
 
 		arch_timer_irq_ops.flags |= VGIC_IRQ_SW_RESAMPLE;
+		arch_timer_irq_ops_vgic_v5.flags |= VGIC_IRQ_SW_RESAMPLE;
 		WARN_ON(irq_domain_push_irq(domain, host_vtimer_irq,
 					    (void *)TIMER_VTIMER));
 	}
@@ -1497,10 +1559,13 @@ static bool timer_irqs_are_valid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 			break;
 
 		/*
-		 * We know by construction that we only have PPIs, so
-		 * all values are less than 32.
+		 * We know by construction that we only have PPIs, so all values
+		 * are less than 32 for non-GICv5 VGICs. On GICv5, they are
+		 * architecturally defined to be under 32 too. However, we mask
+		 * off most of the bits as we might be presented with a GICv5
+		 * style PPI where the type is encoded in the top-bits.
 		 */
-		ppis |= BIT(irq);
+		ppis |= BIT(irq & 0x1f);
 	}
 
 	valid = hweight32(ppis) == nr_timers(vcpu);
@@ -1538,6 +1603,7 @@ int kvm_timer_enable(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct arch_timer_cpu *timer = vcpu_timer(vcpu);
 	struct timer_map map;
+	struct irq_ops *ops;
 	int ret;
 
 	if (timer->enabled)
@@ -1556,22 +1622,20 @@ int kvm_timer_enable(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
+	ops = vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm) ? &arch_timer_irq_ops_vgic_v5 :
+				      &arch_timer_irq_ops;
+
 	get_timer_map(vcpu, &map);
 
-	ret = kvm_vgic_map_phys_irq(vcpu,
-				    map.direct_vtimer->host_timer_irq,
-				    timer_irq(map.direct_vtimer),
-				    &arch_timer_irq_ops);
+	ret = kvm_vgic_map_phys_irq(vcpu, map.direct_vtimer->host_timer_irq,
+				    timer_irq(map.direct_vtimer), ops);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (map.direct_ptimer) {
+	if (map.direct_ptimer)
 		ret = kvm_vgic_map_phys_irq(vcpu,
 					    map.direct_ptimer->host_timer_irq,
-					    timer_irq(map.direct_ptimer),
-					    &arch_timer_irq_ops);
-	}
-
+					    timer_irq(map.direct_ptimer), ops);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
@@ -1601,12 +1665,11 @@ int kvm_arm_timer_set_attr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
 	if (!(irq_is_ppi(vcpu->kvm, irq)))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	mutex_lock(&vcpu->kvm->arch.config_lock);
+	guard(mutex)(&vcpu->kvm->arch.config_lock);
 
 	if (test_bit(KVM_ARCH_FLAG_TIMER_PPIS_IMMUTABLE,
 		     &vcpu->kvm->arch.flags)) {
-		ret = -EBUSY;
-		goto out;
+		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
 	switch (attr->attr) {
@@ -1623,10 +1686,16 @@ int kvm_arm_timer_set_attr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
 		idx = TIMER_HPTIMER;
 		break;
 	default:
-		ret = -ENXIO;
-		goto out;
+		return -ENXIO;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * The PPIs for the Arch Timers are architecturally defined for
+	 * GICv5. Reject anything that changes them from the specified value.
+	 */
+	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm) && vcpu->kvm->arch.timer_data.ppi[idx] != irq)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	/*
 	 * We cannot validate the IRQ unicity before we run, so take it at
 	 * face value. The verdict will be given on first vcpu run, for each
@@ -1634,8 +1703,6 @@ int kvm_arm_timer_set_attr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
 	 */
 	vcpu->kvm->arch.timer_data.ppi[idx] = irq;
 
-out:
-	mutex_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->arch.config_lock);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
index cad4e217a9f30..595fb5ef40164 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
@@ -177,6 +177,15 @@ int kvm_vgic_create(struct kvm *kvm, u32 type)
 		pfr1 |= SYS_FIELD_PREP_ENUM(ID_PFR1_EL1, GIC, GICv3);
 	} else {
 		aa64pfr2 |= SYS_FIELD_PREP_ENUM(ID_AA64PFR2_EL1, GCIE, IMP);
+
+		/*
+		 * We now know that we have a GICv5. The Arch Timer PPI
+		 * interrupts may have been initialised at this stage, but will
+		 * have done so assuming that we have an older GIC, meaning that
+		 * the IntIDs won't be correct. We init them again, and this
+		 * time they will be correct.
+		 */
+		kvm_timer_init_vm(kvm);
 	}
 
 	kvm_set_vm_id_reg(kvm, SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1, aa64pfr0);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index c813f439ac9d2..f3d2e2088606b 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -218,8 +218,8 @@ static u32 vgic_v5_get_effective_priority_mask(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	return min(highest_ap, priority_mask + 1);
 }
 
-static bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-					  struct vgic_irq *irq)
+bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				   struct vgic_irq *irq)
 {
 	struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if;
 	const u32 id = FIELD_GET(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, irq->intid);
@@ -250,8 +250,8 @@ static bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
  * need the PPIs to be queued on a per-VCPU AP list. Therefore, sanity check the
  * state, unlock, and return.
  */
-static bool vgic_v5_ppi_queue_irq_unlock(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq,
-					 unsigned long flags)
+bool vgic_v5_ppi_queue_irq_unlock(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq,
+				  unsigned long flags)
 	__releases(&irq->irq_lock)
 {
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_arch_timer.h b/include/kvm/arm_arch_timer.h
index 7310841f45121..a7754e0a2ef41 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_arch_timer.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_arch_timer.h
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 #include <linux/clocksource.h>
 #include <linux/hrtimer.h>
 
+#include <linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h>
+
 enum kvm_arch_timers {
 	TIMER_PTIMER,
 	TIMER_VTIMER,
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ struct arch_timer_vm_data {
 	u64	poffset;
 
 	/* The PPI for each timer, global to the VM */
-	u8	ppi[NR_KVM_TIMERS];
+	u32	ppi[NR_KVM_TIMERS];
 };
 
 struct arch_timer_context {
@@ -74,6 +76,9 @@ struct arch_timer_context {
 
 	/* Duplicated state from arch_timer.c for convenience */
 	u32				host_timer_irq;
+
+	/* Is this a direct timer? */
+	bool				direct;
 };
 
 struct timer_map {
@@ -130,6 +135,10 @@ void kvm_timer_init_vhe(void);
 #define timer_vm_data(ctx)		(&(timer_context_to_vcpu(ctx)->kvm->arch.timer_data))
 #define timer_irq(ctx)			(timer_vm_data(ctx)->ppi[arch_timer_ctx_index(ctx)])
 
+#define get_vgic_ppi(k, i) (((k)->arch.vgic.vgic_model != KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5) ? \
+			    (i) : (FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, i) |	\
+				   FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI)))
+
 u64 kvm_arm_timer_read_sysreg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 			      enum kvm_arch_timers tmr,
 			      enum kvm_arch_timer_regs treg);
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index 96cc222204960..b705b9e04ad0b 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -595,6 +595,10 @@ void vgic_v4_commit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 int vgic_v4_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
 int vgic_v5_finalize_ppi_state(struct kvm *kvm);
+bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				   struct vgic_irq *irq);
+bool vgic_v5_ppi_queue_irq_unlock(struct kvm *kvm, struct vgic_irq *irq,
+				  unsigned long flags);
 
 bool vgic_state_is_nested(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 26/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Bump arch timer for GICv5

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:47 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> Now that GICv5 has arrived, the arch timer requires some TLC to
> address some of the key differences introduced with GICv5.
> 
> For PPIs on GICv5, the set_pending_state and queue_irq_unlock irq_ops
> are used as AP lists are not required at all for GICv5. The arch timer
> also introduces an irq_op - get_input_level. Extend the
> arch-timer-provided irq_ops to include the two PPI ops for vgic_v5
> guests.
> 
> When possible, DVI (Direct Virtual Interrupt) is set for PPIs when
> using a vgic_v5, which directly inject the pending state into the
> guest. This means that the host never sees the interrupt for the guest
> for these interrupts. This has three impacts.
> 
> * First of all, the kvm_cpu_has_pending_timer check is updated to
>   explicitly check if the timers are expected to fire.
> 
> * Secondly, for mapped timers (which use DVI) they must be masked on
>   the host prior to entering a GICv5 guest, and unmasked on the return
>   path. This is handled in set_timer_irq_phys_masked.
> 
> * Thirdly, it makes zero sense to attempt to inject state for a DVI'd
>   interrupt. Track which timers are direct, and skip the call to
>   kvm_vgic_inject_irq() for these.
> 
> The final, but rather important, change is that the architected PPIs
> for the timers are made mandatory for a GICv5 guest. Attempts to set
> them to anything else are actively rejected. Once a vgic_v5 is
> initialised, the arch timer PPIs are also explicitly reinitialised to
> ensure the correct GICv5-compatible PPIs are used - this also adds in
> the GICv5 PPI type to the intid.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Trivial comment below, but either way I'm fine with it. If you do
split the patch, than both can have tag, if not then this one can have it.
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
> ---
>  arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c     | 117 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c |   9 +++
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c   |   8 +--
>  include/kvm/arm_arch_timer.h    |  11 ++-
>  include/kvm/arm_vgic.h          |   4 ++
>  5 files changed, 119 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c
> index 6f033f6644219..2f30d69dbf1ac 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c

> @@ -1601,12 +1665,11 @@ int kvm_arm_timer_set_attr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
>  	if (!(irq_is_ppi(vcpu->kvm, irq)))
>  		return -EINVAL;
>  
> -	mutex_lock(&vcpu->kvm->arch.config_lock);
> +	guard(mutex)(&vcpu->kvm->arch.config_lock);

In ideal world, separate patch for guard() introduction, but if the maintainers
are happy I don't care that much!

>  
>  	if (test_bit(KVM_ARCH_FLAG_TIMER_PPIS_IMMUTABLE,
>  		     &vcpu->kvm->arch.flags)) {
> -		ret = -EBUSY;
> -		goto out;
> +		return -EBUSY;
>  	}
>  
>  	switch (attr->attr) {
> @@ -1623,10 +1686,16 @@ int kvm_arm_timer_set_attr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
>  		idx = TIMER_HPTIMER;
>  		break;
>  	default:
> -		ret = -ENXIO;
> -		goto out;
> +		return -ENXIO;
>  	}
>  
> +	/*
> +	 * The PPIs for the Arch Timers are architecturally defined for
> +	 * GICv5. Reject anything that changes them from the specified value.
> +	 */
> +	if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm) && vcpu->kvm->arch.timer_data.ppi[idx] != irq)
> +		return -EINVAL;
> +
>  	/*
>  	 * We cannot validate the IRQ unicity before we run, so take it at
>  	 * face value. The verdict will be given on first vcpu run, for each
> @@ -1634,8 +1703,6 @@ int kvm_arm_timer_set_attr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
>  	 */
>  	vcpu->kvm->arch.timer_data.ppi[idx] = irq;
>  
> -out:
> -	mutex_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->arch.config_lock);
>  	return ret;
>  }

[PATCH v3 24/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Create, init vgic_v5

[Sascha Bischoff]

Update kvm_vgic_create to create a vgic_v5 device. When creating a
vgic, FEAT_GCIE in the ID_AA64PFR2 is only exposed to vgic_v5-based
guests, and is hidden otherwise. GIC in ~ID_AA64PFR0_EL1 is never
exposed for a vgic_v5 guest.

When initialising a vgic_v5, skip kvm_vgic_dist_init as GICv5 doesn't
support one. The current vgic_v5 implementation only supports PPIs, so
no SPIs are initialised either.

The current vgic_v5 support doesn't extend to nested guests. Therefore,
the init of vgic_v5 for a nested guest is failed in vgic_v5_init.

As the current vgic_v5 doesn't require any resources to be mapped,
vgic_v5_map_resources is simply used to check that the vgic has indeed
been initialised. Again, this will change as more GICv5 support is
merged in.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++------------
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c   | 26 ++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h      |  2 ++
 include/kvm/arm_vgic.h          |  1 +
 4 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
index 973bbbe56062c..bde5544b58b09 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ static int vgic_allocate_private_irqs_locked(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 type);
  * or through the generic KVM_CREATE_DEVICE API ioctl.
  * irqchip_in_kernel() tells you if this function succeeded or not.
  * @kvm: kvm struct pointer
- * @type: KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V[23]
+ * @type: KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V[235]
  */
 int kvm_vgic_create(struct kvm *kvm, u32 type)
 {
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
-	u64 aa64pfr0, pfr1;
+	u64 aa64pfr0, aa64pfr2, pfr1;
 	unsigned long i;
 	int ret;
 
@@ -132,8 +132,11 @@ int kvm_vgic_create(struct kvm *kvm, u32 type)
 
 	if (type == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V2)
 		kvm->max_vcpus = VGIC_V2_MAX_CPUS;
-	else
+	else if (type == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V3)
 		kvm->max_vcpus = VGIC_V3_MAX_CPUS;
+	else if (type == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5)
+		kvm->max_vcpus = min(VGIC_V5_MAX_CPUS,
+				     kvm_vgic_global_state.max_gic_vcpus);
 
 	if (atomic_read(&kvm->online_vcpus) > kvm->max_vcpus) {
 		ret = -E2BIG;
@@ -163,17 +166,21 @@ int kvm_vgic_create(struct kvm *kvm, u32 type)
 	kvm->arch.vgic.vgic_dist_base = VGIC_ADDR_UNDEF;
 
 	aa64pfr0 = kvm_read_vm_id_reg(kvm, SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1) & ~ID_AA64PFR0_EL1_GIC;
+	aa64pfr2 = kvm_read_vm_id_reg(kvm, SYS_ID_AA64PFR2_EL1) & ~ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_GCIE;
 	pfr1 = kvm_read_vm_id_reg(kvm, SYS_ID_PFR1_EL1) & ~ID_PFR1_EL1_GIC;
 
 	if (type == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V2) {
 		kvm->arch.vgic.vgic_cpu_base = VGIC_ADDR_UNDEF;
-	} else {
+	} else if (type == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V3) {
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kvm->arch.vgic.rd_regions);
 		aa64pfr0 |= SYS_FIELD_PREP_ENUM(ID_AA64PFR0_EL1, GIC, IMP);
 		pfr1 |= SYS_FIELD_PREP_ENUM(ID_PFR1_EL1, GIC, GICv3);
+	} else {
+		aa64pfr2 |= SYS_FIELD_PREP_ENUM(ID_AA64PFR2_EL1, GCIE, IMP);
 	}
 
 	kvm_set_vm_id_reg(kvm, SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1, aa64pfr0);
+	kvm_set_vm_id_reg(kvm, SYS_ID_AA64PFR2_EL1, aa64pfr2);
 	kvm_set_vm_id_reg(kvm, SYS_ID_PFR1_EL1, pfr1);
 
 	if (type == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V3)
@@ -418,22 +425,28 @@ int vgic_init(struct kvm *kvm)
 	if (kvm->created_vcpus != atomic_read(&kvm->online_vcpus))
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	/* freeze the number of spis */
-	if (!dist->nr_spis)
-		dist->nr_spis = VGIC_NR_IRQS_LEGACY - VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS;
+	if (!vgic_is_v5(kvm)) {
+		/* freeze the number of spis */
+		if (!dist->nr_spis)
+			dist->nr_spis = VGIC_NR_IRQS_LEGACY - VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS;
 
-	ret = kvm_vgic_dist_init(kvm, dist->nr_spis);
-	if (ret)
-		goto out;
+		ret = kvm_vgic_dist_init(kvm, dist->nr_spis);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
 
-	/*
-	 * Ensure vPEs are allocated if direct IRQ injection (e.g. vSGIs,
-	 * vLPIs) is supported.
-	 */
-	if (vgic_supports_direct_irqs(kvm)) {
-		ret = vgic_v4_init(kvm);
+		/*
+		 * Ensure vPEs are allocated if direct IRQ injection (e.g. vSGIs,
+		 * vLPIs) is supported.
+		 */
+		if (vgic_supports_direct_irqs(kvm)) {
+			ret = vgic_v4_init(kvm);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
+	} else {
+		ret = vgic_v5_init(kvm);
 		if (ret)
-			goto out;
+			return ret;
 	}
 
 	kvm_for_each_vcpu(idx, vcpu, kvm)
@@ -441,11 +454,11 @@ int vgic_init(struct kvm *kvm)
 
 	ret = kvm_vgic_setup_default_irq_routing(kvm);
 	if (ret)
-		goto out;
+		return ret;
 
 	vgic_debug_init(kvm);
 	dist->initialized = true;
-out:
+
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -590,6 +603,7 @@ int vgic_lazy_init(struct kvm *kvm)
 int kvm_vgic_map_resources(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
 	struct vgic_dist *dist = &kvm->arch.vgic;
+	bool needs_dist = true;
 	enum vgic_type type;
 	gpa_t dist_base;
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -608,12 +622,16 @@ int kvm_vgic_map_resources(struct kvm *kvm)
 	if (dist->vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V2) {
 		ret = vgic_v2_map_resources(kvm);
 		type = VGIC_V2;
-	} else {
+	} else if (dist->vgic_model == KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V3) {
 		ret = vgic_v3_map_resources(kvm);
 		type = VGIC_V3;
+	} else {
+		ret = vgic_v5_map_resources(kvm);
+		type = VGIC_V5;
+		needs_dist = false;
 	}
 
-	if (ret)
+	if (ret || !needs_dist)
 		goto out;
 
 	dist_base = dist->vgic_dist_base;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index 3e2a01e3008c4..f6b0879dd705a 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -56,6 +56,32 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int vgic_v5_init(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
+	unsigned long idx;
+
+	if (vgic_initialized(kvm))
+		return 0;
+
+	kvm_for_each_vcpu(idx, vcpu, kvm) {
+		if (vcpu_has_nv(vcpu)) {
+			kvm_err("Nested GICv5 VMs are currently unsupported\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int vgic_v5_map_resources(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	if (!vgic_initialized(kvm))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int vgic_v5_finalize_ppi_state(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
index 2c067b571d563..c7d7546415cb0 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
@@ -364,6 +364,8 @@ void vgic_debug_destroy(struct kvm *kvm);
 
 int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info);
 void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
+int vgic_v5_init(struct kvm *kvm);
+int vgic_v5_map_resources(struct kvm *kvm);
 void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq);
 int vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 irq, bool dvi);
 bool vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
index 4d6791c1ae55e..96cc222204960 100644
--- a/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
+++ b/include/kvm/arm_vgic.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v4.h>
 #include <linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h>
 
+#define VGIC_V5_MAX_CPUS	512
 #define VGIC_V3_MAX_CPUS	512
 #define VGIC_V2_MAX_CPUS	8
 #define VGIC_NR_IRQS_LEGACY     256
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 24/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Create, init vgic_v5

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:47 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> Update kvm_vgic_create to create a vgic_v5 device. When creating a
> vgic, FEAT_GCIE in the ID_AA64PFR2 is only exposed to vgic_v5-based
> guests, and is hidden otherwise. GIC in ~ID_AA64PFR0_EL1 is never
> exposed for a vgic_v5 guest.
> 
> When initialising a vgic_v5, skip kvm_vgic_dist_init as GICv5 doesn't
> support one. The current vgic_v5 implementation only supports PPIs, so
> no SPIs are initialised either.
> 
> The current vgic_v5 support doesn't extend to nested guests. Therefore,
> the init of vgic_v5 for a nested guest is failed in vgic_v5_init.
> 
> As the current vgic_v5 doesn't require any resources to be mapped,
> vgic_v5_map_resources is simply used to check that the vgic has indeed
> been initialised. Again, this will change as more GICv5 support is
> merged in.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
Minor patch break up comment below. No need to change unless
maintainers ask for it I think.

Jonathan


> ---
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++------------
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c   | 26 ++++++++++++++
>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h      |  2 ++
>  include/kvm/arm_vgic.h          |  1 +
>  4 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
> index 973bbbe56062c..bde5544b58b09 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c

> @@ -418,22 +425,28 @@ int vgic_init(struct kvm *kvm)
>  	if (kvm->created_vcpus != atomic_read(&kvm->online_vcpus))
>  		return -EBUSY;
>  
> -	/* freeze the number of spis */
> -	if (!dist->nr_spis)
> -		dist->nr_spis = VGIC_NR_IRQS_LEGACY - VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS;
> +	if (!vgic_is_v5(kvm)) {
> +		/* freeze the number of spis */
> +		if (!dist->nr_spis)
> +			dist->nr_spis = VGIC_NR_IRQS_LEGACY - VGIC_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS;
>  
> -	ret = kvm_vgic_dist_init(kvm, dist->nr_spis);
> -	if (ret)
> -		goto out;
> +		ret = kvm_vgic_dist_init(kvm, dist->nr_spis);
> +		if (ret)
> +			return ret;
>  
> -	/*
> -	 * Ensure vPEs are allocated if direct IRQ injection (e.g. vSGIs,
> -	 * vLPIs) is supported.
> -	 */
> -	if (vgic_supports_direct_irqs(kvm)) {
> -		ret = vgic_v4_init(kvm);
> +		/*
> +		 * Ensure vPEs are allocated if direct IRQ injection (e.g. vSGIs,
> +		 * vLPIs) is supported.
> +		 */
> +		if (vgic_supports_direct_irqs(kvm)) {
> +			ret = vgic_v4_init(kvm);
> +			if (ret)
> +				return ret;
> +		}
> +	} else {
> +		ret = vgic_v5_init(kvm);
>  		if (ret)
> -			goto out;
> +			return ret;
>  	}
>  
>  	kvm_for_each_vcpu(idx, vcpu, kvm)
> @@ -441,11 +454,11 @@ int vgic_init(struct kvm *kvm)
>  
>  	ret = kvm_vgic_setup_default_irq_routing(kvm);
>  	if (ret)
> -		goto out;
> +		return ret;
>  
>  	vgic_debug_init(kvm);
>  	dist->initialized = true;
> -out:

It is a bit marginal on whether it is worth the effort but I think
this would been slightly clearer if a precursor patch had dealt with the
early returns.

> +
>  	return ret;

return 0;

Always nice to be explicit when it is a good exit path.

>  }
>  

[PATCH v3 29/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Hide FEAT_GCIE from NV GICv5 guests

[Sascha Bischoff]

Currently, NV guests are not supported with GICv5. Therefore, make
sure that FEAT_GCIE is always hidden from such guests.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/nested.c | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/nested.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/nested.c
index cdeeb8f09e722..66404d48405e7 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/nested.c
@@ -1547,6 +1547,11 @@ u64 limit_nv_id_reg(struct kvm *kvm, u32 reg, u64 val)
 			 ID_AA64PFR1_EL1_MTE);
 		break;
 
+	case SYS_ID_AA64PFR2_EL1:
+		/* GICv5 is not yet supported for NV */
+		val &= ~ID_AA64PFR2_EL1_GCIE;
+		break;
+
 	case SYS_ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1:
 		/* Hide ExS, Secure Memory */
 		val &= ~(ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_EXS		|
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 30/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Introduce kvm_arm_vgic_v5_ops and register them

[Sascha Bischoff]

Only the KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL->KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT op is
currently supported. All other ops are stubbed out.

Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c | 74 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/linux/kvm_host.h              |  1 +
 2 files changed, 75 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
index b12ba99a423e5..772da54c1518b 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
@@ -336,6 +336,10 @@ int kvm_register_vgic_device(unsigned long type)
 			break;
 		ret = kvm_vgic_register_its_device();
 		break;
+	case KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5:
+		ret = kvm_register_device_ops(&kvm_arm_vgic_v5_ops,
+					      KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5);
+		break;
 	}
 
 	return ret;
@@ -715,3 +719,73 @@ struct kvm_device_ops kvm_arm_vgic_v3_ops = {
 	.get_attr = vgic_v3_get_attr,
 	.has_attr = vgic_v3_has_attr,
 };
+
+static int vgic_v5_set_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
+			    struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
+{
+	switch (attr->group) {
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR:
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CPU_SYSREGS:
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_NR_IRQS:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL:
+		switch (attr->attr) {
+		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT:
+			return vgic_set_common_attr(dev, attr);
+		default:
+			return -ENXIO;
+		}
+	default:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+}
+
+static int vgic_v5_get_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
+			    struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
+{
+	switch (attr->group) {
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR:
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CPU_SYSREGS:
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_NR_IRQS:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL:
+		switch (attr->attr) {
+		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT:
+			return vgic_get_common_attr(dev, attr);
+		default:
+			return -ENXIO;
+		}
+	default:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+}
+
+static int vgic_v5_has_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
+			    struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
+{
+	switch (attr->group) {
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR:
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CPU_SYSREGS:
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_NR_IRQS:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL:
+		switch (attr->attr) {
+		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT:
+			return 0;
+		default:
+			return -ENXIO;
+		}
+	default:
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+}
+
+struct kvm_device_ops kvm_arm_vgic_v5_ops = {
+	.name = "kvm-arm-vgic-v5",
+	.create = vgic_create,
+	.destroy = vgic_destroy,
+	.set_attr = vgic_v5_set_attr,
+	.get_attr = vgic_v5_get_attr,
+	.has_attr = vgic_v5_has_attr,
+};
diff --git a/include/linux/kvm_host.h b/include/linux/kvm_host.h
index d93f75b05ae22..d6082f06ccae3 100644
--- a/include/linux/kvm_host.h
+++ b/include/linux/kvm_host.h
@@ -2368,6 +2368,7 @@ void kvm_unregister_device_ops(u32 type);
 extern struct kvm_device_ops kvm_mpic_ops;
 extern struct kvm_device_ops kvm_arm_vgic_v2_ops;
 extern struct kvm_device_ops kvm_arm_vgic_v3_ops;
+extern struct kvm_device_ops kvm_arm_vgic_v5_ops;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_KVM_CPU_RELAX_INTERCEPT
 
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 30/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Introduce kvm_arm_vgic_v5_ops and register them

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:48 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> Only the KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL->KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT op is
> currently supported. All other ops are stubbed out.
> 
> Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
> Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>

[PATCH v3 28/36] KVM: arm64: gic: Hide GICv5 for protected guests

[Sascha Bischoff]

We don't support running protected guest with GICv5 at the moment.
Therefore, be sure that we don't expose it to the guest at all by
actively hiding it when running a protected guest.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h   | 1 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c               | 1 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/sys_regs.c | 8 ++++++++
 3 files changed, 10 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h
index 3dcec1df87e9e..8163c6d2509c5 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_hyp.h
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ void __noreturn __host_enter(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt);
 
 extern u64 kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64pfr0_el1_sys_val);
 extern u64 kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64pfr1_el1_sys_val);
+extern u64 kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64pfr2_el1_sys_val);
 extern u64 kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64isar0_el1_sys_val);
 extern u64 kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64isar1_el1_sys_val);
 extern u64 kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64isar2_el1_sys_val);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
index ecb7a87cca15b..1cfd1e53b060e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
@@ -2472,6 +2472,7 @@ static void kvm_hyp_init_symbols(void)
 {
 	kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64pfr0_el1_sys_val) = get_hyp_id_aa64pfr0_el1();
 	kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64pfr1_el1_sys_val) = read_sanitised_ftr_reg(SYS_ID_AA64PFR1_EL1);
+	kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64pfr2_el1_sys_val) = read_sanitised_ftr_reg(SYS_ID_AA64PFR2_EL1);
 	kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64isar0_el1_sys_val) = read_sanitised_ftr_reg(SYS_ID_AA64ISAR0_EL1);
 	kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64isar1_el1_sys_val) = read_sanitised_ftr_reg(SYS_ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1);
 	kvm_nvhe_sym(id_aa64isar2_el1_sys_val) = read_sanitised_ftr_reg(SYS_ID_AA64ISAR2_EL1);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/sys_regs.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/sys_regs.c
index 3108b5185c204..9652935a6ebdd 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/sys_regs.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/sys_regs.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  */
 u64 id_aa64pfr0_el1_sys_val;
 u64 id_aa64pfr1_el1_sys_val;
+u64 id_aa64pfr2_el1_sys_val;
 u64 id_aa64isar0_el1_sys_val;
 u64 id_aa64isar1_el1_sys_val;
 u64 id_aa64isar2_el1_sys_val;
@@ -108,6 +109,11 @@ static const struct pvm_ftr_bits pvmid_aa64pfr1[] = {
 	FEAT_END
 };
 
+static const struct pvm_ftr_bits pvmid_aa64pfr2[] = {
+	MAX_FEAT(ID_AA64PFR2_EL1, GCIE, NI),
+	FEAT_END
+};
+
 static const struct pvm_ftr_bits pvmid_aa64mmfr0[] = {
 	MAX_FEAT_ENUM(ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1, PARANGE, 40),
 	MAX_FEAT_ENUM(ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1, ASIDBITS, 16),
@@ -221,6 +227,8 @@ static u64 pvm_calc_id_reg(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 id)
 		return get_restricted_features(vcpu, id_aa64pfr0_el1_sys_val, pvmid_aa64pfr0);
 	case SYS_ID_AA64PFR1_EL1:
 		return get_restricted_features(vcpu, id_aa64pfr1_el1_sys_val, pvmid_aa64pfr1);
+	case SYS_ID_AA64PFR2_EL1:
+		return get_restricted_features(vcpu, id_aa64pfr2_el1_sys_val, pvmid_aa64pfr2);
 	case SYS_ID_AA64ISAR0_EL1:
 		return id_aa64isar0_el1_sys_val;
 	case SYS_ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1:
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 32/36] irqchip/gic-v5: Check if impl is virt capable

[Sascha Bischoff]

Now that there is support for creating a GICv5-based guest with KVM,
check that the hardware itself supports virtualisation, skipping the
setting of struct gic_kvm_info if not.

Note: If native GICv5 virt is not supported, then nor is
FEAT_GCIE_LEGACY, so we are able to skip altogether.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Pieralisi <lpieralisi@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5-irs.c   |  4 ++++
 drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5.c       | 10 ++++++++++
 include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h |  4 ++++
 3 files changed, 18 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5-irs.c b/drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5-irs.c
index ce2732d649a3e..eebf9f219ac8c 100644
--- a/drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5-irs.c
+++ b/drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5-irs.c
@@ -744,6 +744,10 @@ static int __init gicv5_irs_init(struct device_node *node)
 	 */
 	if (list_empty(&irs_nodes)) {
 
+		idr = irs_readl_relaxed(irs_data, GICV5_IRS_IDR0);
+		gicv5_global_data.virt_capable =
+			!!FIELD_GET(GICV5_IRS_IDR0_VIRT, idr);
+
 		idr = irs_readl_relaxed(irs_data, GICV5_IRS_IDR1);
 		irs_setup_pri_bits(idr);
 
diff --git a/drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5.c b/drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5.c
index 41ef286c4d781..3c86bbc057615 100644
--- a/drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5.c
+++ b/drivers/irqchip/irq-gic-v5.c
@@ -1064,6 +1064,16 @@ static struct gic_kvm_info gic_v5_kvm_info __initdata;
 
 static void __init gic_of_setup_kvm_info(struct device_node *node)
 {
+	/*
+	 * If we don't have native GICv5 virtualisation support, then
+	 * we also don't have FEAT_GCIE_LEGACY - the architecture
+	 * forbids this combination.
+	 */
+	if (!gicv5_global_data.virt_capable) {
+		pr_info("GIC implementation is not virtualization capable\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
 	gic_v5_kvm_info.type = GIC_V5;
 
 	/* GIC Virtual CPU interface maintenance interrupt */
diff --git a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
index 21ac38147687b..c9174cd7c31d0 100644
--- a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
+++ b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 /*
  * IRS registers and tables structures
  */
+#define GICV5_IRS_IDR0			0x0000
 #define GICV5_IRS_IDR1			0x0004
 #define GICV5_IRS_IDR2			0x0008
 #define GICV5_IRS_IDR5			0x0014
@@ -73,6 +74,8 @@
 #define GICV5_IRS_IST_STATUSR		0x0194
 #define GICV5_IRS_MAP_L2_ISTR		0x01c0
 
+#define GICV5_IRS_IDR0_VIRT		BIT(6)
+
 #define GICV5_IRS_IDR1_PRIORITY_BITS	GENMASK(22, 20)
 #define GICV5_IRS_IDR1_IAFFID_BITS	GENMASK(19, 16)
 
@@ -288,6 +291,7 @@ struct gicv5_chip_data {
 	u8			cpuif_pri_bits;
 	u8			cpuif_id_bits;
 	u8			irs_pri_bits;
+	bool			virt_capable;
 	struct {
 		__le64 *l1ist_addr;
 		u32 l2_size;
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 31/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Set ICH_VCTLR_EL2.En on boot

[Sascha Bischoff]

This control enables virtual HPPI selection, i.e., selection and
delivery of interrupts for a guest (assuming that the guest itself has
opted to receive interrupts). This is set to enabled on boot as there
is no reason for disabling it in normal operation as virtual interrupt
signalling itself is still controlled via the HCR_EL2.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
index 07c12f4a69b41..e7e39117c79e5 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/el2_setup.h
@@ -238,6 +238,8 @@
 		     ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_CR0_EL1			| \
 		     ICH_HFGWTR_EL2_ICC_APR_EL1)
 	msr_s	SYS_ICH_HFGWTR_EL2, x0		// Disable reg write traps
+	mov	x0, #(ICH_VCTLR_EL2_En)
+	msr_s	SYS_ICH_VCTLR_EL2, x0		// Enable vHPPI selection
 .Lskip_gicv5_\@:
 .endm
 
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 33/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Probe for GICv5 device

[Sascha Bischoff]

The basic GICv5 PPI support is now complete. Allow probing for a
native GICv5 rather than just the legacy support.

The implementation doesn't support protected VMs with GICv5 at this
time. Therefore, if KVM has protected mode enabled the native GICv5
init is skipped, but legacy VMs are allowed if the hardware supports
it.

At this stage the GICv5 KVM implementation only supports PPIs, and
doesn't interact with the host IRS at all. This means that there is no
need to check how many concurrent VMs or vCPUs per VM are supported by
the IRS - the PPI support only requires the CPUIF. The support is
artificially limited to VGIC_V5_MAX_CPUS, i.e. 512, vCPUs per VM.

With this change it becomes possible to run basic GICv5-based VMs,
provided that they only use PPIs.

Co-authored-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Timothy Hayes <timothy.hayes@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly <joey.gouly@arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index f3d2e2088606b..2664b33871e9b 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -12,22 +12,13 @@ static struct vgic_v5_ppi_caps *ppi_caps;
 
 /*
  * Probe for a vGICv5 compatible interrupt controller, returning 0 on success.
- * Currently only supports GICv3-based VMs on a GICv5 host, and hence only
- * registers a VGIC_V3 device.
  */
 int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info)
 {
 	u64 ich_vtr_el2;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_LEGACY))
-		return -ENODEV;
-
 	kvm_vgic_global_state.type = VGIC_V5;
-	kvm_vgic_global_state.has_gcie_v3_compat = true;
-
-	/* We only support v3 compat mode - use vGICv3 limits */
-	kvm_vgic_global_state.max_gic_vcpus = VGIC_V3_MAX_CPUS;
 
 	kvm_vgic_global_state.vcpu_base = 0;
 	kvm_vgic_global_state.vctrl_base = NULL;
@@ -35,6 +26,32 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info)
 	kvm_vgic_global_state.has_gicv4 = false;
 	kvm_vgic_global_state.has_gicv4_1 = false;
 
+	/*
+	 * GICv5 is currently not supported in Protected mode. Skip the
+	 * registration of GICv5 completely to make sure no guests can create a
+	 * GICv5-based guest.
+	 */
+	if (is_protected_kvm_enabled()) {
+		kvm_info("GICv5-based guests are not supported with pKVM\n");
+		goto skip_v5;
+	}
+
+	kvm_vgic_global_state.max_gic_vcpus = VGIC_V5_MAX_CPUS;
+
+	ret = kvm_register_vgic_device(KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5);
+	if (ret) {
+		kvm_err("Cannot register GICv5 KVM device.\n");
+		goto skip_v5;
+	}
+
+	kvm_info("GCIE system register CPU interface\n");
+
+skip_v5:
+	/* If we don't support the GICv3 compat mode we're done. */
+	if (!cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_GICV5_LEGACY))
+		return 0;
+
+	kvm_vgic_global_state.has_gcie_v3_compat = true;
 	ich_vtr_el2 =  kvm_call_hyp_ret(__vgic_v3_get_gic_config);
 	kvm_vgic_global_state.ich_vtr_el2 = (u32)ich_vtr_el2;
 
@@ -50,6 +67,10 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info *info)
 		return ret;
 	}
 
+	/* We potentially limit the max VCPUs further than we need to here */
+	kvm_vgic_global_state.max_gic_vcpus = min(VGIC_V3_MAX_CPUS,
+						  VGIC_V5_MAX_CPUS);
+
 	static_branch_enable(&kvm_vgic_global_state.gicv3_cpuif);
 	kvm_info("GCIE legacy system register CPU interface\n");
 
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 34/36] Documentation: KVM: Introduce documentation for VGICv5

[Sascha Bischoff]

Now that it is possible to create a VGICv5 device, provide initial
documentation for it. At this stage, there is little to document.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>
---
 .../virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst          | 37 +++++++++++++++++++
 Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/index.rst      |  1 +
 2 files changed, 38 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst

diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..9904cb888277d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+====================================================
+ARM Virtual Generic Interrupt Controller v5 (VGICv5)
+====================================================
+
+
+Device types supported:
+  - KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5     ARM Generic Interrupt Controller v5.0
+
+Only one VGIC instance may be instantiated through this API.  The created VGIC
+will act as the VM interrupt controller, requiring emulated user-space devices
+to inject interrupts to the VGIC instead of directly to CPUs.
+
+Creating a guest GICv5 device requires a host GICv5 host.  The current VGICv5
+device only supports PPI interrupts.  These can either be injected from emulated
+in-kernel devices (such as the Arch Timer, or PMU), or via the KVM_IRQ_LINE
+ioctl.
+
+Groups:
+  KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL
+   Attributes:
+
+    KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT
+      request the initialization of the VGIC, no additional parameter in
+      kvm_device_attr.addr. Must be called after all VCPUs have been created.
+
+  Errors:
+
+    =======  ========================================================
+    -ENXIO   VGIC not properly configured as required prior to calling
+             this attribute
+    -ENODEV  no online VCPU
+    -ENOMEM  memory shortage when allocating vgic internal data
+    -EFAULT  Invalid guest ram access
+    -EBUSY   One or more VCPUS are running
+    =======  ========================================================
diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/index.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/index.rst
index 192cda7405c84..70845aba38f45 100644
--- a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/index.rst
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ Devices
    arm-vgic-its
    arm-vgic
    arm-vgic-v3
+   arm-vgic-v5
    mpic
    s390_flic
    vcpu
-- 
2.34.1

[PATCH v3 36/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Communicate userspace-driveable PPIs via a UAPI

[Sascha Bischoff]

GICv5 systems will likely not support the full set of PPIs. The
presence of any virtual PPI is tied to the presence of the physical
PPI. Therefore, the available PPIs will be limited by the physical
host. Userspace cannot drive any PPIs that are not implemented.

Moreover, it is not desirable to expose all PPIs to the guest in the
first place, even if they are supported in hardware. Some devices,
such as the arch timer, are implemented in KVM, and hence those PPIs
shouldn't be driven by userspace, either.

Provided a new UAPI:
  KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL => KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_USERPSPACE_PPIs

This allows userspace to query which PPIs it is able to drive via
KVM_IRQ_LINE.

Additionally, introduce a check in kvm_vm_ioctl_irq_line() to reject
any PPIs not in the userspace mask.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>

FOLD: Limit KVM_IRQ_LINE PPIs
---
 .../virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst          | 13 ++++++++++
 arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h             |  1 +
 arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c                          |  8 +++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c         | 24 +++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c                 |  5 ++++
 include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h            |  3 +++
 tools/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h       |  1 +
 7 files changed, 55 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst
index 9904cb888277d..29335ea823fc5 100644
--- a/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst
+++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-v5.rst
@@ -25,6 +25,19 @@ Groups:
       request the initialization of the VGIC, no additional parameter in
       kvm_device_attr.addr. Must be called after all VCPUs have been created.
 
+   KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_USERPSPACE_PPIs
+      request the mask of userspace-drivable PPIs. Only a subset of the PPIs can
+      be directly driven from userspace with GICv5, and the returned mask
+      informs userspace of which it is allowed to drive via KVM_IRQ_LINE.
+
+      Userspace must allocate and point to __u64[2] of data in
+      kvm_device_attr.addr. When this call returns, the provided memory will be
+      populated with the userspace PPI mask. The lower __u64 contains the mask
+      for the lower 64 PPIS, with the remaining 64 being in the second __u64.
+
+      This is a read-only attribute, and cannot be set. Attempts to set it are
+      rejected.
+
   Errors:
 
     =======  ========================================================
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
index a792a599b9d68..1c13bfa2d38aa 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
@@ -428,6 +428,7 @@ enum {
 #define   KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_RESTORE_TABLES        2
 #define   KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_SAVE_PENDING_TABLES	3
 #define   KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_CTRL_RESET		4
+#define   KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_USERSPACE_PPIS	5
 
 /* Device Control API on vcpu fd */
 #define KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_CTRL	0
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
index 1cfd1e53b060e..e15c97395f50f 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
@@ -1437,6 +1437,14 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_irq_line(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_irq_level *irq_level,
 			if (irq_num >= VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
 				return -EINVAL;
 
+			/*
+			 * Only allow PPIs that are explicitly exposed to
+			 * usespace to be driven via KVM_IRQ_LINE
+			 */
+			u64 mask = kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.userspace_ppis[irq_num / 64];
+			if (!(mask & BIT_ULL(irq_num % 64)))
+				return -EINVAL;
+
 			/* Build a GICv5-style IntID here */
 			irq_num |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
 		} else if (irq_num < VGIC_NR_SGIS ||
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
index 772da54c1518b..21d21216f2185 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-kvm-device.c
@@ -720,6 +720,25 @@ struct kvm_device_ops kvm_arm_vgic_v3_ops = {
 	.has_attr = vgic_v3_has_attr,
 };
 
+static int vgic_v5_get_userspace_ppis(struct kvm_device *dev,
+				      struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
+{
+	u64 __user *uaddr = (u64 __user *)(long)attr->addr;
+	struct gicv5_vm *gicv5_vm = &dev->kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm;
+	int ret;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&dev->kvm->arch.config_lock);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+		ret = put_user(gicv5_vm->userspace_ppis[i], uaddr);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+		uaddr++;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int vgic_v5_set_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
 			    struct kvm_device_attr *attr)
 {
@@ -732,6 +751,7 @@ static int vgic_v5_set_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
 		switch (attr->attr) {
 		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT:
 			return vgic_set_common_attr(dev, attr);
+		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_USERSPACE_PPIS:
 		default:
 			return -ENXIO;
 		}
@@ -753,6 +773,8 @@ static int vgic_v5_get_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
 		switch (attr->attr) {
 		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT:
 			return vgic_get_common_attr(dev, attr);
+		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_USERSPACE_PPIS:
+			return vgic_v5_get_userspace_ppis(dev, attr);
 		default:
 			return -ENXIO;
 		}
@@ -773,6 +795,8 @@ static int vgic_v5_has_attr(struct kvm_device *dev,
 		switch (attr->attr) {
 		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT:
 			return 0;
+		case KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_USERSPACE_PPIS:
+			return 0;
 		default:
 			return -ENXIO;
 		}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
index 2664b33871e9b..cbae1dbd81cf7 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
@@ -122,6 +122,11 @@ int vgic_v5_init(struct kvm *kvm)
 		}
 	}
 
+	/* We only allow userspace to drive the SW_PPI, if it is implemented. */
+	kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.userspace_ppis[0] = BIT_ULL(GICV5_ARCH_PPI_SW_PPI);
+	kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.userspace_ppis[0] &= ppi_caps->impl_ppi_mask[0];
+	kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.userspace_ppis[1] = 0;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
index c9174cd7c31d0..fcebb0796a7d3 100644
--- a/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
+++ b/include/linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v5.h
@@ -381,6 +381,9 @@ struct gicv5_vm {
 	 */
 	u64			vgic_ppi_mask[2];
 
+	/* A mask of the PPIs that are exposed for userspace to drive */
+	u64			userspace_ppis[2];
+
 	/*
 	 * The HMR itself is handled by the hardware, but we still need to have
 	 * a mask that we can use when merging in pending state (only the state
diff --git a/tools/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/tools/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
index a792a599b9d68..1c13bfa2d38aa 100644
--- a/tools/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
+++ b/tools/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
@@ -428,6 +428,7 @@ enum {
 #define   KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_RESTORE_TABLES        2
 #define   KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_SAVE_PENDING_TABLES	3
 #define   KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_CTRL_RESET		4
+#define   KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_USERSPACE_PPIS	5
 
 /* Device Control API on vcpu fd */
 #define KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_CTRL	0
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 36/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Communicate userspace-driveable PPIs via a UAPI

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:50 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> GICv5 systems will likely not support the full set of PPIs. The
> presence of any virtual PPI is tied to the presence of the physical
> PPI. Therefore, the available PPIs will be limited by the physical
> host. Userspace cannot drive any PPIs that are not implemented.
> 
> Moreover, it is not desirable to expose all PPIs to the guest in the
> first place, even if they are supported in hardware. Some devices,
> such as the arch timer, are implemented in KVM, and hence those PPIs
> shouldn't be driven by userspace, either.
> 
> Provided a new UAPI:
>   KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL => KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_USERPSPACE_PPIs
> 
> This allows userspace to query which PPIs it is able to drive via
> KVM_IRQ_LINE.
> 
> Additionally, introduce a check in kvm_vm_ioctl_irq_line() to reject
> any PPIs not in the userspace mask.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
> 
> FOLD: Limit KVM_IRQ_LINE PPIs

Looks like you did a squash rather than a fixup merge and failed to drop this.

Otherwise, just one trivial thing below.

Thanks,

Jonathan

> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
> index 1cfd1e53b060e..e15c97395f50f 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
> @@ -1437,6 +1437,14 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_irq_line(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_irq_level *irq_level,
>  			if (irq_num >= VGIC_V5_NR_PRIVATE_IRQS)
>  				return -EINVAL;
>  
> +			/*
> +			 * Only allow PPIs that are explicitly exposed to
> +			 * usespace to be driven via KVM_IRQ_LINE
> +			 */
> +			u64 mask = kvm->arch.vgic.gicv5_vm.userspace_ppis[irq_num / 64];

Inline declarations are still normally limited to when we need to have
them, e.g for cleanup.h stuff.  So declare mask at top of appropriate
scope.

> +			if (!(mask & BIT_ULL(irq_num % 64)))
> +				return -EINVAL;
> +
>  			/* Build a GICv5-style IntID here */
>  			irq_num |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE, GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
>  		} else if (irq_num < VGIC_NR_SGIS ||

[PATCH v3 35/36] KVM: arm64: selftests: Introduce a minimal GICv5 PPI selftest

[Sascha Bischoff]

This basic selftest creates a vgic_v5 device (if supported), and tests
that one of the PPI interrupts works as expected with a basic
single-vCPU guest.

Upon starting, the guest enables interrupts. That means that it is
initialising all PPIs to have reasonable priorities, but marking them
as disabled. Then the priority mask in the ICC_PCR_EL1 is set, and
interrupts are enable in ICC_CR0_EL1. At this stage the guest is able
to receive interrupts. The architected SW_PPI (64) is enabled and
KVM_IRQ_LINE ioctl is used to inject the state into the guest.

The guest's interrupt handler has an explicit WFI in order to ensure
that the guest skips WFI when there are pending and enabled PPI
interrupts.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm      |   1 +
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/vgic_v5.c   | 220 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../selftests/kvm/include/arm64/gic_v5.h      | 148 ++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 369 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/vgic_v5.c
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/gic_v5.h

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm
index ba5c2b643efaa..5c325b8a0766d 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ TEST_GEN_PROGS_arm64 += arm64/vcpu_width_config
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_arm64 += arm64/vgic_init
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_arm64 += arm64/vgic_irq
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_arm64 += arm64/vgic_lpi_stress
+TEST_GEN_PROGS_arm64 += arm64/vgic_v5
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_arm64 += arm64/vpmu_counter_access
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_arm64 += arm64/no-vgic-v3
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_arm64 += arm64/kvm-uuid
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/vgic_v5.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/vgic_v5.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..34e7cd6340334
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/vgic_v5.c
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <asm/kvm.h>
+#include <asm/kvm_para.h>
+
+#include <arm64/gic_v5.h>
+
+#include "test_util.h"
+#include "kvm_util.h"
+#include "processor.h"
+#include "vgic.h"
+
+#define NR_VCPUS		1
+
+struct vm_gic {
+	struct kvm_vm *vm;
+	int gic_fd;
+	uint32_t gic_dev_type;
+};
+
+static uint64_t max_phys_size;
+
+#define GUEST_CMD_IRQ_CDIA	10
+#define GUEST_CMD_IRQ_DIEOI	11
+#define GUEST_CMD_IS_AWAKE	12
+#define GUEST_CMD_IS_READY	13
+
+static void guest_irq_handler(struct ex_regs *regs)
+{
+	bool valid;
+	u32 hwirq;
+	u64 ia;
+	static int count;
+
+	/*
+	 * We have pending interrupts. Should never actually enter WFI
+	 * here!
+	 */
+	wfi();
+	GUEST_SYNC(GUEST_CMD_IS_AWAKE);
+
+	ia = gicr_insn(CDIA);
+	valid = GICV5_GICR_CDIA_VALID(ia);
+
+	GUEST_SYNC(GUEST_CMD_IRQ_CDIA);
+
+	if (!valid)
+		return;
+
+	gsb_ack();
+	isb();
+
+	hwirq = FIELD_GET(GICV5_GICR_CDIA_INTID, ia);
+
+	gic_insn(hwirq, CDDI);
+	gic_insn(0, CDEOI);
+
+	GUEST_SYNC(GUEST_CMD_IRQ_DIEOI);
+
+	if (++count >= 2)
+		GUEST_DONE();
+
+	/* Ask for the next interrupt to be injected */
+	GUEST_SYNC(GUEST_CMD_IS_READY);
+}
+
+static void guest_code(void)
+{
+	local_irq_disable();
+
+	gicv5_cpu_enable_interrupts();
+	local_irq_enable();
+
+	/* Enable the SW_PPI (3) */
+	write_sysreg_s(BIT_ULL(3), SYS_ICC_PPI_ENABLER0_EL1);
+
+	/* Ask for the first interrupt to be injected */
+	GUEST_SYNC(GUEST_CMD_IS_READY);
+
+	/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts */
+	while (1);
+}
+
+
+/* we don't want to assert on run execution, hence that helper */
+static int run_vcpu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return __vcpu_run(vcpu) ? -errno : 0;
+}
+
+static void vm_gic_destroy(struct vm_gic *v)
+{
+	close(v->gic_fd);
+	kvm_vm_free(v->vm);
+}
+
+static void test_vgic_v5_ppis(uint32_t gic_dev_type)
+{
+	struct ucall uc;
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpus[NR_VCPUS];
+	struct vm_gic v;
+	int ret, i;
+
+	v.gic_dev_type = gic_dev_type;
+	v.vm = __vm_create(VM_SHAPE_DEFAULT, NR_VCPUS, 0);
+
+	v.gic_fd = kvm_create_device(v.vm, gic_dev_type);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_VCPUS; i++)
+		vcpus[i] = vm_vcpu_add(v.vm, i, guest_code);
+
+	vm_init_descriptor_tables(v.vm);
+	vm_install_exception_handler(v.vm, VECTOR_IRQ_CURRENT, guest_irq_handler);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_VCPUS; i++)
+		vcpu_init_descriptor_tables(vcpus[i]);
+
+	kvm_device_attr_set(v.gic_fd, KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL,
+			    KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT, NULL);
+
+	while (1) {
+		ret = run_vcpu(vcpus[0]);
+
+		switch (get_ucall(vcpus[0], &uc)) {
+		case UCALL_SYNC:
+			/*
+			 * The guest is ready for the next level change. Set
+			 * high if ready, and lower if it has been consumed.
+			 */
+			if (uc.args[1] == GUEST_CMD_IS_READY ||
+			    uc.args[1] == GUEST_CMD_IRQ_DIEOI) {
+				u64 irq;
+				bool level = uc.args[1] == GUEST_CMD_IRQ_DIEOI ? 0 : 1;
+
+				irq = FIELD_PREP(KVM_ARM_IRQ_NUM_MASK, 3);
+				irq |= KVM_ARM_IRQ_TYPE_PPI << KVM_ARM_IRQ_TYPE_SHIFT;
+
+				_kvm_irq_line(v.vm, irq, level);
+			} else if (uc.args[1] == GUEST_CMD_IS_AWAKE) {
+				pr_info("Guest skipping WFI due to pending IRQ\n");
+			} else if (uc.args[1] == GUEST_CMD_IRQ_CDIA) {
+				pr_info("Guest acknowledged IRQ\n");
+			}
+
+			continue;
+		case UCALL_ABORT:
+			REPORT_GUEST_ASSERT(uc);
+			break;
+		case UCALL_DONE:
+			goto done;
+		default:
+			TEST_FAIL("Unknown ucall %lu", uc.cmd);
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret == 0, "Failed to test GICv5 PPIs");
+
+	vm_gic_destroy(&v);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 0 if it's possible to create GIC device of a given type (V5).
+ */
+int test_kvm_device(uint32_t gic_dev_type)
+{
+	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpus[NR_VCPUS];
+	struct vm_gic v;
+	uint32_t other;
+	int ret;
+
+	v.vm = vm_create_with_vcpus(NR_VCPUS, guest_code, vcpus);
+
+	/* try to create a non existing KVM device */
+	ret = __kvm_test_create_device(v.vm, 0);
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret && errno == ENODEV, "unsupported device");
+
+	/* trial mode */
+	ret = __kvm_test_create_device(v.vm, gic_dev_type);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	v.gic_fd = kvm_create_device(v.vm, gic_dev_type);
+
+	ret = __kvm_create_device(v.vm, gic_dev_type);
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret < 0 && errno == EEXIST, "create GIC device twice");
+
+	vm_gic_destroy(&v);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void run_tests(uint32_t gic_dev_type)
+{
+	pr_info("Test VGICv5 PPIs\n");
+	test_vgic_v5_ppis(gic_dev_type);
+}
+
+int main(int ac, char **av)
+{
+	int ret;
+	int pa_bits;
+
+	test_disable_default_vgic();
+
+	pa_bits = vm_guest_mode_params[VM_MODE_DEFAULT].pa_bits;
+	max_phys_size = 1ULL << pa_bits;
+
+	ret = test_kvm_device(KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_info("No GICv5 support; Not running GIC_v5 tests.\n");
+		exit(KSFT_SKIP);
+	}
+
+	pr_info("Running VGIC_V5 tests.\n");
+	run_tests(KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/gic_v5.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/gic_v5.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..89339d844f493
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/gic_v5.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
+
+#ifndef __SELFTESTS_GIC_V5_H
+#define __SELFTESTS_GIC_V5_H
+
+#include <asm/barrier.h>
+#include <asm/sysreg.h>
+
+#include <linux/bitfield.h>
+
+#include "processor.h"
+
+/*
+ * Definitions for GICv5 instructions for the Current Domain
+ */
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDAFF		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 3)
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDDI		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 2, 0)
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDDIS		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 0)
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDHM		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 2, 1)
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDEN		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 1)
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDEOI		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 7)
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDPEND		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 4)
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDPRI		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 2)
+#define GICV5_OP_GIC_CDRCFG		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 1, 5)
+#define GICV5_OP_GICR_CDIA		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 3, 0)
+#define GICV5_OP_GICR_CDNMIA		sys_insn(1, 0, 12, 3, 1)
+
+/* Definitions for GIC CDAFF */
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDAFF_IAFFID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(47, 32)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDAFF_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDAFF_IRM_MASK	BIT_ULL(28)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDAFF_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
+/* Definitions for GIC CDDI */
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDDI_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDDI_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
+/* Definitions for GIC CDDIS */
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDDIS_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDDIS_TYPE(r)		FIELD_GET(GICV5_GIC_CDDIS_TYPE_MASK, r)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDDIS_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDDIS_ID(r)		FIELD_GET(GICV5_GIC_CDDIS_ID_MASK, r)
+
+/* Definitions for GIC CDEN */
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDEN_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDEN_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
+/* Definitions for GIC CDHM */
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDHM_HM_MASK		BIT_ULL(32)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDHM_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDHM_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
+/* Definitions for GIC CDPEND */
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDPEND_PENDING_MASK	BIT_ULL(32)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDPEND_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDPEND_ID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
+/* Definitions for GIC CDPRI */
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDPRI_PRIORITY_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(39, 35)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDPRI_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDPRI_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
+/* Definitions for GIC CDRCFG */
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDRCFG_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GIC_CDRCFG_ID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
+/* Definitions for GICR CDIA */
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDIA_VALID_MASK	BIT_ULL(32)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDIA_VALID(r)	FIELD_GET(GICV5_GICR_CDIA_VALID_MASK, r)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDIA_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDIA_ID_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDIA_INTID		GENMASK_ULL(31, 0)
+
+/* Definitions for GICR CDNMIA */
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID_MASK	BIT_ULL(32)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID(r)	FIELD_GET(GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_VALID_MASK, r)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_TYPE_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(31, 29)
+#define GICV5_GICR_CDNMIA_ID_MASK	GENMASK_ULL(23, 0)
+
+#define gicr_insn(insn)			read_sysreg_s(GICV5_OP_GICR_##insn)
+#define gic_insn(v, insn)		write_sysreg_s(v, GICV5_OP_GIC_##insn)
+
+#define __GIC_BARRIER_INSN(op0, op1, CRn, CRm, op2, Rt)			\
+	__emit_inst(0xd5000000					|	\
+		    sys_insn((op0), (op1), (CRn), (CRm), (op2))	|	\
+		    ((Rt) & 0x1f))
+
+#define GSB_SYS_BARRIER_INSN		__GIC_BARRIER_INSN(1, 0, 12, 0, 0, 31)
+#define GSB_ACK_BARRIER_INSN		__GIC_BARRIER_INSN(1, 0, 12, 0, 1, 31)
+
+#define gsb_ack()	asm volatile(GSB_ACK_BARRIER_INSN : : : "memory")
+#define gsb_sys()	asm volatile(GSB_SYS_BARRIER_INSN : : : "memory")
+
+#define REPEAT_BYTE(x)	((~0ul / 0xff) * (x))
+
+#define GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI 0b10000
+
+void gicv5_ppi_priority_init(void)
+{
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR0_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR1_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR2_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR3_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR4_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR5_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR6_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR7_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR8_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR9_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR10_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR11_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR12_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR13_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR14_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(REPEAT_BYTE(GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI), SYS_ICC_PPI_PRIORITYR15_EL1);
+
+	/*
+	 * Context syncronization required to make sure system register writes
+	 * effects are synchronised.
+	 */
+	isb();
+}
+
+void gicv5_cpu_disable_interrupts(void)
+{
+	u64 cr0;
+
+	cr0 = FIELD_PREP(ICC_CR0_EL1_EN, 0);
+	write_sysreg_s(cr0, SYS_ICC_CR0_EL1);
+}
+
+void gicv5_cpu_enable_interrupts(void)
+{
+	u64 cr0, pcr;
+
+	write_sysreg_s(0, SYS_ICC_PPI_ENABLER0_EL1);
+	write_sysreg_s(0, SYS_ICC_PPI_ENABLER1_EL1);
+
+	gicv5_ppi_priority_init();
+
+	pcr = FIELD_PREP(ICC_PCR_EL1_PRIORITY, GICV5_IRQ_DEFAULT_PRI);
+	write_sysreg_s(pcr, SYS_ICC_PCR_EL1);
+
+	cr0 = FIELD_PREP(ICC_CR0_EL1_EN, 1);
+	write_sysreg_s(cr0, SYS_ICC_CR0_EL1);
+}
+
+#endif
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH v3 35/36] KVM: arm64: selftests: Introduce a minimal GICv5 PPI selftest

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Fri, 9 Jan 2026 17:04:50 +0000
Sascha Bischoff <Sascha.Bischoff@arm.com> wrote:

> This basic selftest creates a vgic_v5 device (if supported), and tests
> that one of the PPI interrupts works as expected with a basic
> single-vCPU guest.
> 
> Upon starting, the guest enables interrupts. That means that it is
> initialising all PPIs to have reasonable priorities, but marking them
> as disabled. Then the priority mask in the ICC_PCR_EL1 is set, and
> interrupts are enable in ICC_CR0_EL1. At this stage the guest is able
> to receive interrupts. The architected SW_PPI (64) is enabled and
> KVM_IRQ_LINE ioctl is used to inject the state into the guest.
> 
> The guest's interrupt handler has an explicit WFI in order to ensure
> that the guest skips WFI when there are pending and enabled PPI
> interrupts.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com>
Seems fine to me, but I'm not that familiar with the self test elements, so
hopefully someone who is will review as well.

Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com>