[PATCH v2 5/7] block: fail atomic writes instead of falling back to buffered I/O

[Tal Zussman <tz2294@columbia.edu>]

An IOCB_ATOMIC direct write to a block device can silently lose its
torn-write guarantee in two ways:

  1. blkdev_direct_write() turns an -EBUSY from page cache invalidation
     into a 0 return, so the whole write is retried through
     blkdev_buffered_write(), with no atomicity guarantee.

  2. On a partial page pin, __blkdev_direct_IO_simple() and
     __blkdev_direct_IO_async() submit what was pinned with REQ_ATOMIC
     set and leave the rest to the buffered fallback.

The second case can be triggered deterministically. A 16K
pwritev2(RWF_ATOMIC) whose last page is PROT_NONE, on a scsi_debug
device with atomic_wr=1, completes short with only three of the four
pages written, violating RWF_ATOMIC semantics.

Fail the I/O instead. Return -EAGAIN when page cache invalidation fails
for IOCB_ATOMIC rather than retrying through the page cache, matching
__iomap_dio_rw(), which treats the failure as transient and lets the
caller retry. Release a short atomic pin and return -EFAULT before
submission, which is what a direct write already returns when none of
the buffer can be pinned. A sync atomic write can then never return
short with a remainder, so the buffered fallback is never reached.

ext4 has the same fallback and only warns in it. For block devices both
ways in can be detected before any I/O is submitted, so fail early instead.

Fixes: caf336f81b3a ("block: Add fops atomic write support")
Reported-by: Sashiko <sashiko-bot@kernel.org>
Link: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260802-blkdev-fixes-v1-0-a82fc549fd74%40columbia.edu?part=2
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-fable-5
Signed-off-by: Tal Zussman <tz2294@columbia.edu>
---
 block/fops.c | 21 ++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/block/fops.c b/block/fops.c
index a3a709697b40..8769bb13df1c 100644
--- a/block/fops.c
+++ b/block/fops.c
@@ -87,6 +87,12 @@ static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO_simple(struct kiocb *iocb,
 	ret = blkdev_iov_iter_get_pages(&bio, iter, bdev);
 	if (unlikely(ret))
 		goto out;
+	if ((iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC) && iov_iter_count(iter)) {
+		/* a short atomic write would be torn by definition */
+		bio_release_pages(&bio, false);
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		goto out;
+	}
 	ret = bio.bi_iter.bi_size;
 
 	if (iov_iter_rw(iter) == WRITE)
@@ -352,6 +358,12 @@ static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO_async(struct kiocb *iocb,
 		ret = blkdev_iov_iter_get_pages(bio, iter, bdev);
 		if (unlikely(ret))
 			goto out_bio_put;
+		if ((iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC) && iov_iter_count(iter)) {
+			/* a short atomic write would be torn by definition */
+			bio_release_pages(bio, false);
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto out_bio_put;
+		}
 	}
 	dio->size = bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
 
@@ -691,8 +703,15 @@ blkdev_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 
 	written = kiocb_invalidate_pages(iocb, count);
 	if (written) {
-		if (written == -EBUSY)
+		/*
+		 * The buffered write fallback cannot provide torn-write
+		 * protection, so atomic writes must fail instead.
+		 */
+		if (written == -EBUSY) {
+			if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC)
+				return -EAGAIN;
 			return 0;
+		}
 		return written;
 	}
 

-- 
2.39.5