[PATCH] Bluetooth: btnxpuart: Fix out-of-bounds firmware read in nxp_recv_fw_req_v1()

[Doruk Tan Ozturk <doruk@0sec.ai>]

Commit 25c286d75821 ("Bluetooth: btnxpuart: Fix out-of-bounds firmware
read in nxp_recv_fw_req_v3()") bounded the v3 firmware download offset but
left an unbounded read in the v1 handler.

nxp_recv_fw_req_v1() advances a device-driven download offset
(fw_dnld_v1_offset) by fw_v1_sent_bytes on every request, and that
bookkeeping runs even when the payload write is skipped, so the offset can
walk past nxpdev->fw->size. When the controller then requests a header
(len == HDR_LEN), the driver reads the 16-byte bootloader header at

  nxp_get_data_len(nxpdev->fw->data + nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset)

with no bound on the offset, reading past the end of the firmware image.
A malicious or malfunctioning NXP UART controller can drive this to read
out-of-bounds kernel memory during firmware download.

Bound the offset before the header read, and convert the payload write
guard to the overflow-safe form used by the v3 path (fw_dnld_v1_offset is
u32, so fw_dnld_v1_offset + len can wrap).

This was found by 0sec automated security-research tooling
(https://0sec.ai).

Fixes: 689ca16e5232 ("Bluetooth: NXP: Add protocol support for NXP Bluetooth chipsets")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: 0sec:claude-opus-4-8
Signed-off-by: Doruk Tan Ozturk <doruk@0sec.ai>
---
 drivers/bluetooth/btnxpuart.c | 13 ++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/bluetooth/btnxpuart.c b/drivers/bluetooth/btnxpuart.c
index 6a1cffe08d5f..88d9ebf25a8f 100644
--- a/drivers/bluetooth/btnxpuart.c
+++ b/drivers/bluetooth/btnxpuart.c
@@ -1041,11 +1041,17 @@ static int nxp_recv_fw_req_v1(struct hci_dev *hdev, struct sk_buff *skb)
 		 * and we need to re-send the previous header again.
 		 */
 		if (len == nxpdev->fw_v1_expected_len) {
-			if (len == HDR_LEN)
+			if (len == HDR_LEN) {
+				if (nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset >= nxpdev->fw->size ||
+				    nxpdev->fw->size - nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset < HDR_LEN) {
+					bt_dev_err(hdev, "FW request offset out of bounds");
+					goto free_skb;
+				}
 				nxpdev->fw_v1_expected_len = nxp_get_data_len(nxpdev->fw->data +
 									nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset);
-			else
+			} else {
 				nxpdev->fw_v1_expected_len = HDR_LEN;
+			}
 		} else if (len == HDR_LEN) {
 			/* FW download out of sync. Send previous chunk again */
 			nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset -= nxpdev->fw_v1_sent_bytes;
@@ -1053,7 +1059,8 @@ static int nxp_recv_fw_req_v1(struct hci_dev *hdev, struct sk_buff *skb)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset + len <= nxpdev->fw->size)
+	if (nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset < nxpdev->fw->size &&
+	    len <= nxpdev->fw->size - nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset)
 		serdev_device_write_buf(nxpdev->serdev, nxpdev->fw->data +
 					nxpdev->fw_dnld_v1_offset, len);
 	nxpdev->fw_v1_sent_bytes = len;
-- 
2.43.0