__init()

__init()

[raja]

Hi,
     Is there any way to execute my own __init() instead of default 
__init() while running an executable.

Re: __init()

[linux-os (Dick Johnson)]

On Thu, 11 Aug 2005, raja wrote:

> Hi,
>     Is there any way to execute my own __init() instead of default
> __init() while running an executable.
> -

Sure you link your object file with your own instead of using
the default....

     gcc -c -o myprog.o myprog.c
     as -o start.o start.S

     ld -o myprog myprog.o start.o /lib/libc.so.6
                         |       |              |___ runtime lib
                         |       |__________________ Your startup
                         |__________________________ Your program

Startup starts with a label _start. You may have to write it
in assembly. It calls main() and must never return. Instead
it calls exit() with whatever main() returned, to quit.

__init() is some M$ thing. Linux executables start with
_start().

Cheers,
Dick Johnson
Penguin : Linux version 2.6.12 on an i686 machine (5537.79 BogoMips).
Warning : 98.36% of all statistics are fiction.
.
I apologize for the following. I tried to kill it with the above dot :

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Thank you.

fdisk & LBA

[Nanakos Chrysostomos]

Hi all,i want to retrieve the partition table of a primary extended
partition.
My MBR partition table ,says that the LBA Partition Start sector for the
extended partition is 10281600.It is the same that i find with my C code
and through fdisk usage.
How can i use this value to seek(lseek) to this point through the main
block file (/dev/hda or /dev/hdb) and read the partition table of the
logical partition?



Thanks in advance.

Re: fdisk & LBA

[Lennart Sorensen]

On Fri, Aug 12, 2005 at 10:29:13PM +0300, Nanakos Chrysostomos wrote:
> Hi all,i want to retrieve the partition table of a primary extended
> partition.
> My MBR partition table ,says that the LBA Partition Start sector for the
> extended partition is 10281600.It is the same that i find with my C code
> and through fdisk usage.
> How can i use this value to seek(lseek) to this point through the main
> block file (/dev/hda or /dev/hdb) and read the partition table of the
> logical partition?

Multiply by the sector size (probably 512 bytes).

Len Sorensen

Re: fdisk & LBA

[Nanakos Chrysostomos]

Yes,the sector size is 512 bytes,but this is not the beginning of my
fourth partition.Please check the code below,and if you can please test
it..

mbr.c
------
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>


struct mbr {
        unsigned char boot_indicator;
        unsigned char s_head;
        unsigned char s_sector;
        unsigned char s_cylinder;
        unsigned char f_desc;
        unsigned char e_head;
        unsigned char e_sector;
        unsigned char e_cylinder;
        unsigned int rs_sector;
        unsigned int n_sectors;
} __attribute__((packed));



int main()
{
        int fd;
        struct mbr s;


        fd= open("/dev/hdb",O_RDONLY);
        lseek(fd,0x01ee,SEEK_SET); /* This is the 4rth entry,extended for
me*/
        read(fd,&s,sizeof(struct mbr));

        printf("Partition Entry 1:\n");
        printf("Boot Indicator: %#x\n",s.boot_indicator);
        printf("Starting head %u, cylinder %u, sector
%u.\n",s.s_head,((s.s_sector &
0xc0)<<2)+s.s_cylinder,s.s_sector&0x3f);
        printf("Filesystem descriptor: %#x\n",s.f_desc);
        printf("Ending head %u, cylinder %u, sector
%u.\n",s.e_head,((s.e_sector & 0xc0)<<2)+
s.e_cylinder,s.e_sector&0x3f);
        printf("Starting sector: %u\n",s.rs_sector);
        printf("Number of sectors in partition: %u\n",s.n_sectors);

        fd= open("/dev/hdb4",O_RDONLY); /* Where is this in hdb,offset??*/
        lseek(fd,446L,SEEK_SET);
        read(fd,&s,sizeof(struct mbr));

        printf("\nPartition Entry 4: Extended partition\n");
        printf("Boot Indicator: %#x\n",s.boot_indicator);
        printf("Starting head %u, cylinder %u, sector
%u.\n",s.s_head,((s.s_sector &
0xc0)<<2)+s.s_cylinder,s.s_sector&0x3f);
        printf("Filesystem descriptor: %#x\n",s.f_desc);
        printf("Ending head %u, cylinder %u, sector
%u.\n",s.e_head,((s.e_sector & 0xc0)<<2)+
s.e_cylinder,s.e_sector&0x3f);
        printf("Starting sector: %u\n",s.rs_sector);
        printf("Number of sectors in partition: %u\n",s.n_sectors);

        return 0;
}

Re: fdisk & LBA

[Lennart Sorensen]

On Fri, Aug 12, 2005 at 11:48:22PM +0300, Nanakos Chrysostomos wrote:
> Yes,the sector size is 512 bytes,but this is not the beginning of my
> fourth partition.Please check the code below,and if you can please test
> it..
> 
> mbr.c
> ------
> #include <fcntl.h>
> #include <stdio.h>
> #include <stdlib.h>
> #include <sys/types.h>
> 
> 
> struct mbr {
>         unsigned char boot_indicator;
>         unsigned char s_head;
>         unsigned char s_sector;
>         unsigned char s_cylinder;
>         unsigned char f_desc;
>         unsigned char e_head;
>         unsigned char e_sector;
>         unsigned char e_cylinder;
>         unsigned int rs_sector;
>         unsigned int n_sectors;
> } __attribute__((packed));
> 
> 
> 
> int main()
> {
>         int fd;
>         struct mbr s;
> 
> 
>         fd= open("/dev/hdb",O_RDONLY);
>         lseek(fd,0x01ee,SEEK_SET); /* This is the 4rth entry,extended for
> me*/
>         read(fd,&s,sizeof(struct mbr));
> 
>         printf("Partition Entry 1:\n");
>         printf("Boot Indicator: %#x\n",s.boot_indicator);
>         printf("Starting head %u, cylinder %u, sector
> %u.\n",s.s_head,((s.s_sector &
> 0xc0)<<2)+s.s_cylinder,s.s_sector&0x3f);
>         printf("Filesystem descriptor: %#x\n",s.f_desc);
>         printf("Ending head %u, cylinder %u, sector
> %u.\n",s.e_head,((s.e_sector & 0xc0)<<2)+
> s.e_cylinder,s.e_sector&0x3f);
>         printf("Starting sector: %u\n",s.rs_sector);
>         printf("Number of sectors in partition: %u\n",s.n_sectors);
> 
>         fd= open("/dev/hdb4",O_RDONLY); /* Where is this in hdb,offset??*/

It is wherever the partition entry in sector 0 of hdb says partition 4
starts.

Why didn't you just print all the partition table entries above rather
than just #1, especially since in this case it is number 4 you care
about.

Print out the start sector number for partition 4 above and you should
find the offset for the extended partition table, in the cases where
partition 4 is the extended partition.

Seek to that location, read the partition table there.  That should
contain either just a primary partition, or a primary partition and
another extended partition.

In case it had another extended partition, repeat until no more extended
partitions found.

>         lseek(fd,446L,SEEK_SET);
>         read(fd,&s,sizeof(struct mbr));
> 
>         printf("\nPartition Entry 4: Extended partition\n");
>         printf("Boot Indicator: %#x\n",s.boot_indicator);
>         printf("Starting head %u, cylinder %u, sector
> %u.\n",s.s_head,((s.s_sector &
> 0xc0)<<2)+s.s_cylinder,s.s_sector&0x3f);
>         printf("Filesystem descriptor: %#x\n",s.f_desc);
>         printf("Ending head %u, cylinder %u, sector
> %u.\n",s.e_head,((s.e_sector & 0xc0)<<2)+
> s.e_cylinder,s.e_sector&0x3f);
>         printf("Starting sector: %u\n",s.rs_sector);
>         printf("Number of sectors in partition: %u\n",s.n_sectors);
> 
>         return 0;
> }

Say you had this partition table:
         start sector    number of sectors
pri1     1               10 (hda1)
pri2     11              20 (hda2)
pri3     31              10 (hda3)
pri4     41              100 (extended)

then at sector 41 you would find another partition table:
pri1     42              9 (hda5)
pri2     51              90 (extended)

Then sector 51 contains a partition table:
pri1     52              19 (hda6)
pri2     71              70 (extended)

Then sector 71 has a partition table:
pri1     72              69 (hda7)

And no more extended entries, so you are done.

C/H/S entries are entirely ignored (or should be) on modern drives.
Only start sector and total sectors are relevant as far as I understand
things.

Len Sorensen