Re: [PATCH v2] ACPI: PCI: Clear driver_data on all paths that free the acpi_pci_root

[sashiko-bot@kernel.org]

Thank you for your contribution! Sashiko AI review found 2 potential issue(s) to consider:

Pre-existing issues:
- [High] Clearing `device->driver_data = NULL` followed immediately by `kfree(root)` leaves a Use-After-Free race window for concurrent lockless readers.
- [High] Publishing `root` to `device->driver_data` before full initialization and without memory barriers allows readers to see uninitialized fields.
--

--- Patch [1]: [PATCH v2] ACPI: PCI: Clear driver_data on all paths that free the acpi_pci_root ---
commit df0768c14918e7decb436f5ec80561fb6dbd2aed
Author: Chen Pei <cp0613@linux.alibaba.com>

ACPI: PCI: Clear driver_data on all paths that free the acpi_pci_root

This commit fixes dangling pointers in the ACPI PCI root code by ensuring
device->driver_data is cleared to NULL before the root bridge structure
is freed in both error and removal paths.

Link: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260526025118.38935-1-cp0613@linux.alibaba.com
Link: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260707121258.11640-1-cp0613@linux.alibaba.com

> diff --git a/drivers/acpi/pci_root.c b/drivers/acpi/pci_root.c
> index 4c06c3ffd0cbb..408ba12362a79 100644
> --- a/drivers/acpi/pci_root.c
> +++ b/drivers/acpi/pci_root.c
> @@ -725,7 +725,6 @@ static int acpi_pci_root_add(struct acpi_device *device,
>  		dev_err(&device->dev,
>  			"Bus %04x:%02x not present in PCI namespace\n",
>  			root->segment, (unsigned int)root->secondary.start);
> -		device->driver_data = NULL;

[Severity: High]
This isn't a bug introduced by this patch, but does the earlier assignment
of device->driver_data = root allow readers to see uninitialized fields?

Earlier in acpi_pci_root_add(), the pointer is published to
device->driver_data before critical fields like root->bus are initialized
later in the function:

acpi_pci_root_add() {
    ...
    device->driver_data = root;
    ...
    root->bus = pci_acpi_scan_root(root);
    ...
}

If a concurrent caller (such as bus_for_each_dev iteration in
cxl_acpi_probe()) fetches the root object, could it observe a NULL root->bus
and dereference it before initialization is complete?

Furthermore, without memory barriers, could the CPU reorder the
initialization such that readers observe partially written state?

>  		result = -ENODEV;
>  		goto remove_dmar;
>  	}

[ ... ]

> @@ -765,6 +764,7 @@ static int acpi_pci_root_add(struct acpi_device *device,
>  	if (hotadd)
>  		dmar_device_remove(handle);
>  end:
> +	device->driver_data = NULL;
>  	kfree(root);
>  	return result;
>  }

[Severity: High]
This is a pre-existing issue, but does clearing device->driver_data
immediately before kfree(root) leave a use-after-free window for concurrent
lockless readers?

If a lockless reader like hisi_pcie_handle_error() or add_host_bridge_uport()
calls acpi_pci_find_root(), it reads device->driver_data without taking a
lock:

acpi_pci_find_root() {
    ...
    root = acpi_driver_data(device);
    ...
}

If the reader fetches the pointer just before device->driver_data is set
to NULL, and then this code proceeds to kfree(root), wouldn't the concurrent
reader dereference freed memory?

> @@ -788,6 +788,7 @@ static void acpi_pci_root_remove(struct acpi_device *device)
>  
>  	pci_unlock_rescan_remove();
>  
> +	device->driver_data = NULL;
>  	kfree(root);
>  }

-- 
Sashiko AI review · https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260715135048.3278-1-cp0613@linux.alibaba.com?part=1