* [PATCH next v2 1/2] PCI: keystone: add pci error irq handler @ 2016-04-11 14:50 Murali Karicheri 2016-04-11 14:50 ` [PATCH next v2 2/2] PCI: keystone: remove unnecessary goto statement Murali Karicheri [not found] ` <1460386231-8377-1-git-send-email-m-karicheri2-l0cyMroinI0@public.gmane.org> 0 siblings, 2 replies; 6+ messages in thread From: Murali Karicheri @ 2016-04-11 14:50 UTC (permalink / raw) To: bhelgaas, devicetree, linux-kernel, linux-pci, linux-arm-kernel Keystone PCI hardware generates error interrupts at RC using platform irq instead of standard msi/legacy irq. Add a simple error handler that logs the fatal interrupt status to the console. Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org> Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org> Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk> Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org> Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> --- v2 - No change v1 - fixed a compilation issue reported by kbuild test robot - rebased to linux-next master branch - Added ack from Rob Herring .../devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt | 1 + drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++++ drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c | 32 +++++++++++++++ drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h | 6 +++ 4 files changed, 85 insertions(+) diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt index 54eae29..d08a4d5 100644 --- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt @@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ Optional properties:- phy-names: name of the Generic Keystine SerDes phy for PCI - If boot loader already does PCI link establishment, then phys and phy-names shouldn't be present. + interrupts: platform interrupt for error interrupts. Designware DT Properties not applicable for Keystone PCI diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c index 6153853..2a45fe8 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c @@ -53,6 +53,29 @@ #define IRQ_STATUS 0x184 #define MSI_IRQ_OFFSET 4 +/* + * error IRQ bits. Enable following errors + * - ERR_AER - ECRC error - BIT(5) + * - ERR_AXI - AXI tag lookup fatal error BIT(4) + * - ERR_CORR - Correctable error BIT(3) + * - ERR_NONFATAL - Non fatal error BIT(2) + * - ERR_FATAL - Fatal error BIT(1) + * - ERR_SYS - System error (fatal, nonfatal or correctable error) + */ +#define ERR_AER BIT(5) +#define ERR_AXI BIT(4) +#define ERR_CORR BIT(3) +#define ERR_NONFATAL BIT(2) +#define ERR_FATAL BIT(1) +#define ERR_SYS BIT(0) +#define ERR_IRQ_ALL (ERR_AER | ERR_AXI | ERR_CORR | \ + ERR_NONFATAL | ERR_FATAL | ERR_SYS) +#define ERR_FATAL_IRQ (ERR_FATAL | ERR_AXI) +#define ERR_IRQ_STATUS_RAW 0x1c0 +#define ERR_IRQ_STATUS 0x1c4 +#define ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_SET 0x1c8 +#define ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_CLR 0x1cc + /* Config space registers */ #define DEBUG0 0x728 @@ -243,6 +266,29 @@ void ks_dw_pcie_handle_legacy_irq(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, int offset) writel(offset, ks_pcie->va_app_base + IRQ_EOI); } +void ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(void __iomem *reg_base) +{ + writel(ERR_IRQ_ALL, reg_base + ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_SET); +} + +bool ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(struct device *dev, void __iomem *reg_base) +{ + u32 status; + bool ret = false; + + status = readl(reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS_RAW) & ERR_IRQ_ALL; + if (status) { + /* The PCIESS interrupt status buts are "write 1 to clear" */ + if (status & ERR_FATAL_IRQ) + dev_err(dev, "PCIE fatal error detected\n"); + + /* ack the irq event. */ + writel(status, reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS); + ret = true; + } + return ret; +} + static void ks_dw_pcie_ack_legacy_irq(struct irq_data *d) { } diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c index b71f55b..299f2f0 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ #include <linux/irqchip/chained_irq.h> #include <linux/clk.h> #include <linux/delay.h> +#include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/irqdomain.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/msi.h> @@ -226,6 +227,10 @@ static void ks_pcie_setup_interrupts(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie) ks_pcie); } } + + /* enable error interrupt */ + if (ks_pcie->error_irq > 0) + ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(ks_pcie->va_app_base); } /* @@ -289,6 +294,16 @@ static struct pcie_host_ops keystone_pcie_host_ops = { .scan_bus = ks_dw_pcie_v3_65_scan_bus, }; +static irqreturn_t pcie_err_irq_handler(int irq, void *priv) +{ + struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie = priv; + + if (ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(ks_pcie->pp.dev, ks_pcie->va_app_base)) + return IRQ_HANDLED; + + return IRQ_NONE; +} + static int __init ks_add_pcie_port(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, struct platform_device *pdev) { @@ -309,6 +324,22 @@ static int __init ks_add_pcie_port(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, return ret; } + /* + * index 0 is the platform interrupt for error interrupt + * from RC. As this is optional to define this, we will + * just print a warning + */ + ks_pcie->error_irq = irq_of_parse_and_map(ks_pcie->np, 0); + if (ks_pcie->error_irq <= 0) + dev_warn(&pdev->dev, "No error irq defined\n"); + else { + if (request_irq(ks_pcie->error_irq, pcie_err_irq_handler, + IRQF_SHARED, "pcie-error-irq", ks_pcie) < 0) { + dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to request error irq\n"); + return ret; + } + } + pp->root_bus_nr = -1; pp->ops = &keystone_pcie_host_ops; ret = ks_dw_pcie_host_init(ks_pcie, ks_pcie->msi_intc_np); @@ -376,6 +407,7 @@ static int __init ks_pcie_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) devm_release_mem_region(dev, res->start, resource_size(res)); pp->dev = dev; + ks_pcie->np = node; platform_set_drvdata(pdev, ks_pcie); ks_pcie->clk = devm_clk_get(dev, "pcie"); if (IS_ERR(ks_pcie->clk)) { diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h index f0944e8..2daa215 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h @@ -29,6 +29,10 @@ struct keystone_pcie { int msi_host_irqs[MAX_MSI_HOST_IRQS]; struct device_node *msi_intc_np; struct irq_domain *legacy_irq_domain; + struct device_node *np; + + /* error interrupt */ + int error_irq; /* Application register space */ void __iomem *va_app_base; @@ -42,6 +46,8 @@ phys_addr_t ks_dw_pcie_get_msi_addr(struct pcie_port *pp); /* Keystone specific PCI controller APIs */ void ks_dw_pcie_enable_legacy_irqs(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie); void ks_dw_pcie_handle_legacy_irq(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, int offset); +void ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(void __iomem *reg_base); +bool ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(struct device *dev, void __iomem *reg_base); int ks_dw_pcie_host_init(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, struct device_node *msi_intc_np); int ks_dw_pcie_wr_other_conf(struct pcie_port *pp, struct pci_bus *bus, -- 1.9.1 ^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread
* [PATCH next v2 2/2] PCI: keystone: remove unnecessary goto statement 2016-04-11 14:50 [PATCH next v2 1/2] PCI: keystone: add pci error irq handler Murali Karicheri @ 2016-04-11 14:50 ` Murali Karicheri 2016-04-20 1:06 ` Bjorn Helgaas [not found] ` <1460386231-8377-1-git-send-email-m-karicheri2-l0cyMroinI0@public.gmane.org> 1 sibling, 1 reply; 6+ messages in thread From: Murali Karicheri @ 2016-04-11 14:50 UTC (permalink / raw) To: bhelgaas, devicetree, linux-kernel, linux-pci, linux-arm-kernel Fix the misuse of goto statement in ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info() as simple return is more appropriate for this function. While at it add an error log for absence of interrupt controller node. Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org> Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk> Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org> Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> --- v2 - removed an unnecessary extra line added in the previous version v1 - same as before initial version drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c index 299f2f0..0234828 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c @@ -181,11 +181,13 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, *np_temp = of_find_node_by_name(np_pcie, controller); if (!(*np_temp)) { dev_err(dev, "Node for %s is absent\n", controller); - goto out; + return ret; } temp = of_irq_count(*np_temp); - if (!temp) - goto out; + if (!temp) { + dev_err(dev, "No entries in %s\n", controller); + return ret; + } if (temp > max_host_irqs) dev_warn(dev, "Too many %s interrupts defined %u\n", (legacy ? "legacy" : "MSI"), temp); @@ -203,7 +205,6 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, *num_irqs = temp; ret = 0; } -out: return ret; } -- 1.9.1 ^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread
* Re: [PATCH next v2 2/2] PCI: keystone: remove unnecessary goto statement 2016-04-11 14:50 ` [PATCH next v2 2/2] PCI: keystone: remove unnecessary goto statement Murali Karicheri @ 2016-04-20 1:06 ` Bjorn Helgaas 2016-04-20 14:29 ` Murali Karicheri 0 siblings, 1 reply; 6+ messages in thread From: Bjorn Helgaas @ 2016-04-20 1:06 UTC (permalink / raw) To: Murali Karicheri Cc: bhelgaas, devicetree, linux-kernel, linux-pci, linux-arm-kernel Hi Murali, On Mon, Apr 11, 2016 at 10:50:31AM -0400, Murali Karicheri wrote: > Fix the misuse of goto statement in ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info() > as simple return is more appropriate for this function. While at > it add an error log for absence of interrupt controller node. > > Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> > Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org> > Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> > Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> > Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk> > Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org> > Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> > > --- > v2 - removed an unnecessary extra line added in the previous version > v1 - same as before initial version > drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c | 9 +++++---- > 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) > > diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > index 299f2f0..0234828 100644 > --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > @@ -181,11 +181,13 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > *np_temp = of_find_node_by_name(np_pcie, controller); > if (!(*np_temp)) { > dev_err(dev, "Node for %s is absent\n", controller); > - goto out; > + return ret; > } > temp = of_irq_count(*np_temp); > - if (!temp) > - goto out; > + if (!temp) { > + dev_err(dev, "No entries in %s\n", controller); > + return ret; > + } > if (temp > max_host_irqs) > dev_warn(dev, "Too many %s interrupts defined %u\n", > (legacy ? "legacy" : "MSI"), temp); > @@ -203,7 +205,6 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > *num_irqs = temp; > ret = 0; > } > -out: > return ret; I really like these cleanups; thanks for doing them. I went a step further because I think we always know the value of "ret" at each of these places, so I inserted those and dropped "ret" altogether. I applied the patch below to pci/host-keystone for v4.7. commit a7ed67a22484f70b8d0c33c76ad7faeac97222a7 Author: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> Date: Mon Apr 11 10:50:31 2016 -0400 PCI: keystone: Remove unnecessary goto statement Fix the misuse of goto statement in ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info() as simple return is more appropriate for this function. While at it add an error log for absence of interrupt controller node. [bhelgaas: drop "ret" altogether since we always know the return value] Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> CC: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org> CC: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> CC: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> CC: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk> CC: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org> diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c index 6868918..95a66f77 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c @@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ static void ks_pcie_legacy_irq_handler(struct irq_desc *desc) static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, char *controller, int *num_irqs) { - int temp, max_host_irqs, legacy = 1, *host_irqs, ret = -EINVAL; + int temp, max_host_irqs, legacy = 1, *host_irqs; struct device *dev = ks_pcie->pp.dev; struct device_node *np_pcie = dev->of_node, **np_temp; @@ -181,11 +181,15 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, *np_temp = of_find_node_by_name(np_pcie, controller); if (!(*np_temp)) { dev_err(dev, "Node for %s is absent\n", controller); - goto out; + return -EINVAL; } + temp = of_irq_count(*np_temp); - if (!temp) - goto out; + if (!temp) { + dev_err(dev, "No IRQ entries in %s\n", controller); + return -EINVAL; + } + if (temp > max_host_irqs) dev_warn(dev, "Too many %s interrupts defined %u\n", (legacy ? "legacy" : "MSI"), temp); @@ -199,12 +203,13 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, if (!host_irqs[temp]) break; } + if (temp) { *num_irqs = temp; - ret = 0; + return 0; } -out: - return ret; + + return -EINVAL; } static void ks_pcie_setup_interrupts(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie) @@ -345,7 +350,7 @@ static int __init ks_add_pcie_port(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, return ret; } - return ret; + return 0; } static const struct of_device_id ks_pcie_of_match[] = { @@ -374,7 +379,7 @@ static int __init ks_pcie_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) struct resource *res; void __iomem *reg_p; struct phy *phy; - int ret = 0; + int ret; ks_pcie = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*ks_pcie), GFP_KERNEL); ^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread
* Re: [PATCH next v2 2/2] PCI: keystone: remove unnecessary goto statement 2016-04-20 1:06 ` Bjorn Helgaas @ 2016-04-20 14:29 ` Murali Karicheri 0 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread From: Murali Karicheri @ 2016-04-20 14:29 UTC (permalink / raw) To: Bjorn Helgaas Cc: bhelgaas, devicetree, linux-kernel, linux-pci, linux-arm-kernel On 04/19/2016 09:06 PM, Bjorn Helgaas wrote: > Hi Murali, > > On Mon, Apr 11, 2016 at 10:50:31AM -0400, Murali Karicheri wrote: >> Fix the misuse of goto statement in ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info() >> as simple return is more appropriate for this function. While at >> it add an error log for absence of interrupt controller node. >> >> Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> >> Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org> >> Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> >> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> >> Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk> >> Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org> >> Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> >> >> --- >> v2 - removed an unnecessary extra line added in the previous version >> v1 - same as before initial version >> drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c | 9 +++++---- >> 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) >> >> diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c >> index 299f2f0..0234828 100644 >> --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c >> +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c >> @@ -181,11 +181,13 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, >> *np_temp = of_find_node_by_name(np_pcie, controller); >> if (!(*np_temp)) { >> dev_err(dev, "Node for %s is absent\n", controller); >> - goto out; >> + return ret; >> } >> temp = of_irq_count(*np_temp); >> - if (!temp) >> - goto out; >> + if (!temp) { >> + dev_err(dev, "No entries in %s\n", controller); >> + return ret; >> + } >> if (temp > max_host_irqs) >> dev_warn(dev, "Too many %s interrupts defined %u\n", >> (legacy ? "legacy" : "MSI"), temp); >> @@ -203,7 +205,6 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, >> *num_irqs = temp; >> ret = 0; >> } >> -out: >> return ret; > > I really like these cleanups; thanks for doing them. > > I went a step further because I think we always know the value of > "ret" at each of these places, so I inserted those and dropped "ret" > altogether. > > I applied the patch below to pci/host-keystone for v4.7. Bjorn, Which repo has your pci/host-keystone branch? I did a fetch of the remote pci at git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci.git and could see only following host branches:- git branch -r | grep "pci/pci/host-" pci/pci/host-designware pci/pci/host-generic pci/pci/host-imx6 pci/pci/host-iproc pci/pci/host-mvebu pci/pci/host-rcar pci/pci/host-tegra pci/pci/host-vmd pci/pci/host-xgene pci/pci/host-xgene-dd2 pci/pci/host-xilinx-nwl Thanks and Regards, Murali > > > commit a7ed67a22484f70b8d0c33c76ad7faeac97222a7 > Author: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> > Date: Mon Apr 11 10:50:31 2016 -0400 > > PCI: keystone: Remove unnecessary goto statement > > Fix the misuse of goto statement in ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info() as > simple return is more appropriate for this function. While at it add an > error log for absence of interrupt controller node. > > [bhelgaas: drop "ret" altogether since we always know the return value] > Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> > Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> > CC: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org> > CC: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> > CC: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> > CC: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk> > CC: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org> > > diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > index 6868918..95a66f77 100644 > --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > @@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ static void ks_pcie_legacy_irq_handler(struct irq_desc *desc) > static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > char *controller, int *num_irqs) > { > - int temp, max_host_irqs, legacy = 1, *host_irqs, ret = -EINVAL; > + int temp, max_host_irqs, legacy = 1, *host_irqs; > struct device *dev = ks_pcie->pp.dev; > struct device_node *np_pcie = dev->of_node, **np_temp; > > @@ -181,11 +181,15 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > *np_temp = of_find_node_by_name(np_pcie, controller); > if (!(*np_temp)) { > dev_err(dev, "Node for %s is absent\n", controller); > - goto out; > + return -EINVAL; > } > + > temp = of_irq_count(*np_temp); > - if (!temp) > - goto out; > + if (!temp) { > + dev_err(dev, "No IRQ entries in %s\n", controller); > + return -EINVAL; > + } > + > if (temp > max_host_irqs) > dev_warn(dev, "Too many %s interrupts defined %u\n", > (legacy ? "legacy" : "MSI"), temp); > @@ -199,12 +203,13 @@ static int ks_pcie_get_irq_controller_info(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > if (!host_irqs[temp]) > break; > } > + > if (temp) { > *num_irqs = temp; > - ret = 0; > + return 0; > } > -out: > - return ret; > + > + return -EINVAL; > } > > static void ks_pcie_setup_interrupts(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie) > @@ -345,7 +350,7 @@ static int __init ks_add_pcie_port(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > return ret; > } > > - return ret; > + return 0; > } > > static const struct of_device_id ks_pcie_of_match[] = { > @@ -374,7 +379,7 @@ static int __init ks_pcie_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) > struct resource *res; > void __iomem *reg_p; > struct phy *phy; > - int ret = 0; > + int ret; > > ks_pcie = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*ks_pcie), > GFP_KERNEL); > -- Murali Karicheri Linux Kernel, Keystone ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread
[parent not found: <1460386231-8377-1-git-send-email-m-karicheri2-l0cyMroinI0@public.gmane.org>]
* Re: [PATCH next v2 1/2] PCI: keystone: add pci error irq handler [not found] ` <1460386231-8377-1-git-send-email-m-karicheri2-l0cyMroinI0@public.gmane.org> @ 2016-04-20 1:03 ` Bjorn Helgaas 2016-04-20 14:13 ` Murali Karicheri 0 siblings, 1 reply; 6+ messages in thread From: Bjorn Helgaas @ 2016-04-20 1:03 UTC (permalink / raw) To: Murali Karicheri Cc: bhelgaas-hpIqsD4AKlfQT0dZR+AlfA, devicetree-u79uwXL29TY76Z2rM5mHXA, linux-kernel-u79uwXL29TY76Z2rM5mHXA, linux-pci-u79uwXL29TY76Z2rM5mHXA, linux-arm-kernel-IAPFreCvJWM7uuMidbF8XUB+6BGkLq7r Hi Murali, On Mon, Apr 11, 2016 at 10:50:30AM -0400, Murali Karicheri wrote: > Keystone PCI hardware generates error interrupts at RC using platform > irq instead of standard msi/legacy irq. Add a simple error handler that > logs the fatal interrupt status to the console. > > Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2-l0cyMroinI0@public.gmane.org> > Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh-DgEjT+Ai2ygdnm+yROfE0A@public.gmane.org> > Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt-DgEjT+Ai2ygdnm+yROfE0A@public.gmane.org> > Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll-5wv7dgnIgG8@public.gmane.org> > Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland-5wv7dgnIgG8@public.gmane.org> > Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree-KcIKpvwj1kUDXYZnReoRVg@public.gmane.org> > Cc: Kumar Gala <galak-sgV2jX0FEOL9JmXXK+q4OQ@public.gmane.org> > Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas-hpIqsD4AKlfQT0dZR+AlfA@public.gmane.org> I applied this with minor changes to pci/host-keystone for v4.7. See below: > +bool ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(struct device *dev, void __iomem *reg_base) > +{ > + u32 status; > + bool ret = false; > + > + status = readl(reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS_RAW) & ERR_IRQ_ALL; > + if (status) { > + /* The PCIESS interrupt status buts are "write 1 to clear" */ > + if (status & ERR_FATAL_IRQ) > + dev_err(dev, "PCIE fatal error detected\n"); > + > + /* ack the irq event. */ > + writel(status, reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS); > + ret = true; > + } > + return ret; > +} It seems pointless to me to return true/false here and then: > +static irqreturn_t pcie_err_irq_handler(int irq, void *priv) > +{ > + struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie = priv; > + > + if (ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(ks_pcie->pp.dev, ks_pcie->va_app_base)) > + return IRQ_HANDLED; > + > + return IRQ_NONE; > +} convert the true/false to IRQ_HANDLED/IRQ_NONE here. So I changed ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq() to return IRQ_HANDLED/IRQ_NONE directly, resulting in the patch below. This is applied to pci/host-keystone for v4.7. commit 7be92716c1aa40f5690e6a5f01fc0d385dd72303 Author: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2-l0cyMroinI0@public.gmane.org> Date: Mon Apr 11 10:50:30 2016 -0400 PCI: keystone: Add error IRQ handler Keystone PCI hardware generates error interrupts at RC using a platform IRQ instead of a standard MSI or legacy IRQ. Add a simple error handler that logs the fatal interrupt status to the console. [bhelgaas: tidy comments, return irqreturn_t directly] Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2-l0cyMroinI0@public.gmane.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas-hpIqsD4AKlfQT0dZR+AlfA@public.gmane.org> Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh-DgEjT+Ai2ygdnm+yROfE0A@public.gmane.org> CC: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll-5wv7dgnIgG8@public.gmane.org> CC: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland-5wv7dgnIgG8@public.gmane.org> CC: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree-KcIKpvwj1kUDXYZnReoRVg@public.gmane.org> CC: Kumar Gala <galak-sgV2jX0FEOL9JmXXK+q4OQ@public.gmane.org> diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt index 54eae29..d08a4d5 100644 --- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt @@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ Optional properties:- phy-names: name of the Generic Keystine SerDes phy for PCI - If boot loader already does PCI link establishment, then phys and phy-names shouldn't be present. + interrupts: platform interrupt for error interrupts. Designware DT Properties not applicable for Keystone PCI diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c index 6153853..4151509 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #include <linux/irq.h> #include <linux/irqdomain.h> +#include <linux/irqreturn.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/of.h> #include <linux/of_pci.h> @@ -53,6 +54,21 @@ #define IRQ_STATUS 0x184 #define MSI_IRQ_OFFSET 4 +/* Error IRQ bits */ +#define ERR_AER BIT(5) /* ECRC error */ +#define ERR_AXI BIT(4) /* AXI tag lookup fatal error */ +#define ERR_CORR BIT(3) /* Correctable error */ +#define ERR_NONFATAL BIT(2) /* Non-fatal error */ +#define ERR_FATAL BIT(1) /* Fatal error */ +#define ERR_SYS BIT(0) /* System (fatal, non-fatal, or correctable) */ +#define ERR_IRQ_ALL (ERR_AER | ERR_AXI | ERR_CORR | \ + ERR_NONFATAL | ERR_FATAL | ERR_SYS) +#define ERR_FATAL_IRQ (ERR_FATAL | ERR_AXI) +#define ERR_IRQ_STATUS_RAW 0x1c0 +#define ERR_IRQ_STATUS 0x1c4 +#define ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_SET 0x1c8 +#define ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_CLR 0x1cc + /* Config space registers */ #define DEBUG0 0x728 @@ -243,6 +259,28 @@ void ks_dw_pcie_handle_legacy_irq(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, int offset) writel(offset, ks_pcie->va_app_base + IRQ_EOI); } +void ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(void __iomem *reg_base) +{ + writel(ERR_IRQ_ALL, reg_base + ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_SET); +} + +irqreturn_t ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(struct device *dev, + void __iomem *reg_base) +{ + u32 status; + + status = readl(reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS_RAW) & ERR_IRQ_ALL; + if (!status) + return IRQ_NONE; + + if (status & ERR_FATAL_IRQ) + dev_err(dev, "fatal error (status %#010x)\n", status); + + /* Ack the IRQ; status bits are RW1C */ + writel(status, reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS); + return IRQ_HANDLED; +} + static void ks_dw_pcie_ack_legacy_irq(struct irq_data *d) { } diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c index b71f55b..6868918 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ #include <linux/irqchip/chained_irq.h> #include <linux/clk.h> #include <linux/delay.h> +#include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/irqdomain.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/msi.h> @@ -226,6 +227,9 @@ static void ks_pcie_setup_interrupts(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie) ks_pcie); } } + + if (ks_pcie->error_irq > 0) + ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(ks_pcie->va_app_base); } /* @@ -289,6 +293,14 @@ static struct pcie_host_ops keystone_pcie_host_ops = { .scan_bus = ks_dw_pcie_v3_65_scan_bus, }; +static irqreturn_t pcie_err_irq_handler(int irq, void *priv) +{ + struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie = priv; + + return ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(ks_pcie->pp.dev, + ks_pcie->va_app_base); +} + static int __init ks_add_pcie_port(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, struct platform_device *pdev) { @@ -309,6 +321,22 @@ static int __init ks_add_pcie_port(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, return ret; } + /* + * Index 0 is the platform interrupt for error interrupt + * from RC. This is optional. + */ + ks_pcie->error_irq = irq_of_parse_and_map(ks_pcie->np, 0); + if (ks_pcie->error_irq <= 0) + dev_info(&pdev->dev, "no error IRQ defined\n"); + else { + if (request_irq(ks_pcie->error_irq, pcie_err_irq_handler, + IRQF_SHARED, "pcie-error-irq", ks_pcie) < 0) { + dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to request error IRQ %d\n", + ks_pcie->error_irq); + return ret; + } + } + pp->root_bus_nr = -1; pp->ops = &keystone_pcie_host_ops; ret = ks_dw_pcie_host_init(ks_pcie, ks_pcie->msi_intc_np); @@ -376,6 +404,7 @@ static int __init ks_pcie_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) devm_release_mem_region(dev, res->start, resource_size(res)); pp->dev = dev; + ks_pcie->np = node; platform_set_drvdata(pdev, ks_pcie); ks_pcie->clk = devm_clk_get(dev, "pcie"); if (IS_ERR(ks_pcie->clk)) { diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h index f0944e8..a5b0cb2 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h @@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ struct keystone_pcie { int msi_host_irqs[MAX_MSI_HOST_IRQS]; struct device_node *msi_intc_np; struct irq_domain *legacy_irq_domain; + struct device_node *np; + + int error_irq; /* Application register space */ void __iomem *va_app_base; @@ -42,6 +45,9 @@ phys_addr_t ks_dw_pcie_get_msi_addr(struct pcie_port *pp); /* Keystone specific PCI controller APIs */ void ks_dw_pcie_enable_legacy_irqs(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie); void ks_dw_pcie_handle_legacy_irq(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, int offset); +void ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(void __iomem *reg_base); +irqreturn_t ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(struct device *dev, + void __iomem *reg_base); int ks_dw_pcie_host_init(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, struct device_node *msi_intc_np); int ks_dw_pcie_wr_other_conf(struct pcie_port *pp, struct pci_bus *bus, -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe devicetree" in the body of a message to majordomo-u79uwXL29TY76Z2rM5mHXA@public.gmane.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html ^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread
* Re: [PATCH next v2 1/2] PCI: keystone: add pci error irq handler 2016-04-20 1:03 ` [PATCH next v2 1/2] PCI: keystone: add pci error irq handler Bjorn Helgaas @ 2016-04-20 14:13 ` Murali Karicheri 0 siblings, 0 replies; 6+ messages in thread From: Murali Karicheri @ 2016-04-20 14:13 UTC (permalink / raw) To: Bjorn Helgaas Cc: bhelgaas, devicetree, linux-kernel, linux-pci, linux-arm-kernel On 04/19/2016 09:03 PM, Bjorn Helgaas wrote: > Hi Murali, > > On Mon, Apr 11, 2016 at 10:50:30AM -0400, Murali Karicheri wrote: >> Keystone PCI hardware generates error interrupts at RC using platform >> irq instead of standard msi/legacy irq. Add a simple error handler that >> logs the fatal interrupt status to the console. >> >> Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> >> Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org> >> Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org> >> Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> >> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> >> Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk> >> Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org> >> Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> > > I applied this with minor changes to pci/host-keystone for v4.7. > See below: > >> +bool ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(struct device *dev, void __iomem *reg_base) >> +{ >> + u32 status; >> + bool ret = false; >> + >> + status = readl(reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS_RAW) & ERR_IRQ_ALL; >> + if (status) { >> + /* The PCIESS interrupt status buts are "write 1 to clear" */ >> + if (status & ERR_FATAL_IRQ) >> + dev_err(dev, "PCIE fatal error detected\n"); >> + >> + /* ack the irq event. */ >> + writel(status, reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS); >> + ret = true; >> + } >> + return ret; >> +} > > It seems pointless to me to return true/false here and then: > >> +static irqreturn_t pcie_err_irq_handler(int irq, void *priv) >> +{ >> + struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie = priv; >> + >> + if (ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(ks_pcie->pp.dev, ks_pcie->va_app_base)) >> + return IRQ_HANDLED; >> + >> + return IRQ_NONE; >> +} > > convert the true/false to IRQ_HANDLED/IRQ_NONE here. So I changed > ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq() to return IRQ_HANDLED/IRQ_NONE directly, > resulting in the patch below. I think that should be fine. Only reason, i did that way was that the pcie-designware code is kept as a library of functions to configure the designware hardware common to all platforms that has the designware core h/w and keep all of the platform specific info such as IRQ handler to the platform glue driver such as pci-keystone.c. But that is not true today as there is msi irq handler in this driver. So this is fine. I will pull these from your designware pci/host-keystone and let you know if I see any issues or send a diff patch to the list. Once again, thanks for pulling this to v4.7. Murali > > This is applied to pci/host-keystone for v4.7. > > > commit 7be92716c1aa40f5690e6a5f01fc0d385dd72303 > Author: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> > Date: Mon Apr 11 10:50:30 2016 -0400 > > PCI: keystone: Add error IRQ handler > > Keystone PCI hardware generates error interrupts at RC using a platform IRQ > instead of a standard MSI or legacy IRQ. Add a simple error handler that > logs the fatal interrupt status to the console. > > [bhelgaas: tidy comments, return irqreturn_t directly] > Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com> > Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> > Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org> > CC: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com> > CC: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> > CC: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk> > CC: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org> > > diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt > index 54eae29..d08a4d5 100644 > --- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt > +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/pci-keystone.txt > @@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ Optional properties:- > phy-names: name of the Generic Keystine SerDes phy for PCI > - If boot loader already does PCI link establishment, then phys and > phy-names shouldn't be present. > + interrupts: platform interrupt for error interrupts. > > Designware DT Properties not applicable for Keystone PCI > > diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c > index 6153853..4151509 100644 > --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c > +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone-dw.c > @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ > > #include <linux/irq.h> > #include <linux/irqdomain.h> > +#include <linux/irqreturn.h> > #include <linux/module.h> > #include <linux/of.h> > #include <linux/of_pci.h> > @@ -53,6 +54,21 @@ > #define IRQ_STATUS 0x184 > #define MSI_IRQ_OFFSET 4 > > +/* Error IRQ bits */ > +#define ERR_AER BIT(5) /* ECRC error */ > +#define ERR_AXI BIT(4) /* AXI tag lookup fatal error */ > +#define ERR_CORR BIT(3) /* Correctable error */ > +#define ERR_NONFATAL BIT(2) /* Non-fatal error */ > +#define ERR_FATAL BIT(1) /* Fatal error */ > +#define ERR_SYS BIT(0) /* System (fatal, non-fatal, or correctable) */ > +#define ERR_IRQ_ALL (ERR_AER | ERR_AXI | ERR_CORR | \ > + ERR_NONFATAL | ERR_FATAL | ERR_SYS) > +#define ERR_FATAL_IRQ (ERR_FATAL | ERR_AXI) > +#define ERR_IRQ_STATUS_RAW 0x1c0 > +#define ERR_IRQ_STATUS 0x1c4 > +#define ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_SET 0x1c8 > +#define ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_CLR 0x1cc > + > /* Config space registers */ > #define DEBUG0 0x728 > > @@ -243,6 +259,28 @@ void ks_dw_pcie_handle_legacy_irq(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, int offset) > writel(offset, ks_pcie->va_app_base + IRQ_EOI); > } > > +void ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(void __iomem *reg_base) > +{ > + writel(ERR_IRQ_ALL, reg_base + ERR_IRQ_ENABLE_SET); > +} > + > +irqreturn_t ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(struct device *dev, > + void __iomem *reg_base) > +{ > + u32 status; > + > + status = readl(reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS_RAW) & ERR_IRQ_ALL; > + if (!status) > + return IRQ_NONE; > + > + if (status & ERR_FATAL_IRQ) > + dev_err(dev, "fatal error (status %#010x)\n", status); > + > + /* Ack the IRQ; status bits are RW1C */ > + writel(status, reg_base + ERR_IRQ_STATUS); > + return IRQ_HANDLED; > +} > + > static void ks_dw_pcie_ack_legacy_irq(struct irq_data *d) > { > } > diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > index b71f55b..6868918 100644 > --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.c > @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ > #include <linux/irqchip/chained_irq.h> > #include <linux/clk.h> > #include <linux/delay.h> > +#include <linux/interrupt.h> > #include <linux/irqdomain.h> > #include <linux/module.h> > #include <linux/msi.h> > @@ -226,6 +227,9 @@ static void ks_pcie_setup_interrupts(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie) > ks_pcie); > } > } > + > + if (ks_pcie->error_irq > 0) > + ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(ks_pcie->va_app_base); > } > > /* > @@ -289,6 +293,14 @@ static struct pcie_host_ops keystone_pcie_host_ops = { > .scan_bus = ks_dw_pcie_v3_65_scan_bus, > }; > > +static irqreturn_t pcie_err_irq_handler(int irq, void *priv) > +{ > + struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie = priv; > + > + return ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(ks_pcie->pp.dev, > + ks_pcie->va_app_base); > +} > + > static int __init ks_add_pcie_port(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > struct platform_device *pdev) > { > @@ -309,6 +321,22 @@ static int __init ks_add_pcie_port(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > return ret; > } > > + /* > + * Index 0 is the platform interrupt for error interrupt > + * from RC. This is optional. > + */ > + ks_pcie->error_irq = irq_of_parse_and_map(ks_pcie->np, 0); > + if (ks_pcie->error_irq <= 0) > + dev_info(&pdev->dev, "no error IRQ defined\n"); > + else { > + if (request_irq(ks_pcie->error_irq, pcie_err_irq_handler, > + IRQF_SHARED, "pcie-error-irq", ks_pcie) < 0) { > + dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to request error IRQ %d\n", > + ks_pcie->error_irq); > + return ret; > + } > + } > + > pp->root_bus_nr = -1; > pp->ops = &keystone_pcie_host_ops; > ret = ks_dw_pcie_host_init(ks_pcie, ks_pcie->msi_intc_np); > @@ -376,6 +404,7 @@ static int __init ks_pcie_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) > devm_release_mem_region(dev, res->start, resource_size(res)); > > pp->dev = dev; > + ks_pcie->np = node; > platform_set_drvdata(pdev, ks_pcie); > ks_pcie->clk = devm_clk_get(dev, "pcie"); > if (IS_ERR(ks_pcie->clk)) { > diff --git a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h > index f0944e8..a5b0cb2 100644 > --- a/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h > +++ b/drivers/pci/host/pci-keystone.h > @@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ struct keystone_pcie { > int msi_host_irqs[MAX_MSI_HOST_IRQS]; > struct device_node *msi_intc_np; > struct irq_domain *legacy_irq_domain; > + struct device_node *np; > + > + int error_irq; > > /* Application register space */ > void __iomem *va_app_base; > @@ -42,6 +45,9 @@ phys_addr_t ks_dw_pcie_get_msi_addr(struct pcie_port *pp); > /* Keystone specific PCI controller APIs */ > void ks_dw_pcie_enable_legacy_irqs(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie); > void ks_dw_pcie_handle_legacy_irq(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, int offset); > +void ks_dw_pcie_enable_error_irq(void __iomem *reg_base); > +irqreturn_t ks_dw_pcie_handle_error_irq(struct device *dev, > + void __iomem *reg_base); > int ks_dw_pcie_host_init(struct keystone_pcie *ks_pcie, > struct device_node *msi_intc_np); > int ks_dw_pcie_wr_other_conf(struct pcie_port *pp, struct pci_bus *bus, > -- Murali Karicheri Linux Kernel, Keystone ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread
end of thread, other threads:[~2016-04-20 14:29 UTC | newest] Thread overview: 6+ messages (download: mbox.gz follow: Atom feed -- links below jump to the message on this page -- 2016-04-11 14:50 [PATCH next v2 1/2] PCI: keystone: add pci error irq handler Murali Karicheri 2016-04-11 14:50 ` [PATCH next v2 2/2] PCI: keystone: remove unnecessary goto statement Murali Karicheri 2016-04-20 1:06 ` Bjorn Helgaas 2016-04-20 14:29 ` Murali Karicheri [not found] ` <1460386231-8377-1-git-send-email-m-karicheri2-l0cyMroinI0@public.gmane.org> 2016-04-20 1:03 ` [PATCH next v2 1/2] PCI: keystone: add pci error irq handler Bjorn Helgaas 2016-04-20 14:13 ` Murali Karicheri
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox; as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).