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Mon, 24 Aug 2026 18:59:56 -0700 (PDT) Received: by ikb-h07-29-noble.in.iijlab.net (Postfix, from userid 1010) id BACB915C677E; Tue, 25 Aug 2026 10:59:55 +0900 (JST) From: Hajime Tazaki To: linux-mm@kvack.org, liam@infradead.org, rbm@suse.com, akpm@linux-foundation.org, luto@amacapital.net, brendan.jackman@linux.dev, david@kernel.org, liuhangbin@gmail.com, corbet@lwn.net, kees@kernel.org, ljs@kernel.org, broonie@kernel.org, mhocko@suse.com, rppt@kernel.org, shuah@kernel.org, surenb@google.com, vbabka@kernel.org, wad@chromium.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org, linux-um@lists.infradead.org Cc: geert@linux-m68k.org, daniel@thingy.jp, Hajime Tazaki Subject: [PATCH v2 2/2] selftests/mm: add nommu mmap and mremap behavior tests Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 10:59:45 +0900 Message-ID: <20260825015945.141739-3-thehajime@gmail.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.43.0 In-Reply-To: <20260825015945.141739-1-thehajime@gmail.com> References: <20260825015945.141739-1-thehajime@gmail.com> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Introduce a kselftest utility to validate memory mapping capabilities under nommu kernels, aligned with Documentation/admin-guide/mm/nommu-mmap.rst. The test implements basic checks into a generic architecture-agnostic test matrix applicable across nommu targets. It evaluates: 1. MAP_FIXED allocation rejections. 2. Standard MAP_PRIVATE and MAP_ANONYMOUS allocation resilience. 3. Regular file mappings via standard filesystem storage. 4. Block device subsystem mappings (gracefully skipping if node is missing). 5. Shared vs Private backing discrepancies under nommu conditions. 6. mremap limits, ensuring non-expandable restrictions behave properly. Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: David Hildenbrand Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" Cc: Vlastimil Babka Cc: Mike Rapoport Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Shuah Khan Cc: linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org Cc: linux-um@lists.infradead.org Assisted-by: Gemini:Pro [AI_Reviewer] [Sashiko_Linter] Assisted-by: cubic.dev:unspecified Signed-off-by: Hajime Tazaki -- rfc => v2 - prepare a different TARGETS for tests (mm/nommu) - drop shrink fix tests - drop mmap /dev/zero tests rfc: - https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260813063401.1786548-1-thehajime@gmail.com/ --- tools/testing/selftests/Makefile | 1 + tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/Makefile | 7 + .../selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mmap_test.c | 265 +++++++++++++ .../selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mremap_test.c | 353 ++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 626 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/Makefile create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mmap_test.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mremap_test.c diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile index 2cc63e4134fb..940d2cab4f71 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile @@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ TARGETS += uevent TARGETS += user_events TARGETS += vDSO TARGETS += mm +TARGETS += mm/nommu TARGETS += vfio TARGETS += x86 TARGETS += x86/bugs diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..9e28be37bc8f --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +# Makefile for mm/nommu selftests + +TEST_GEN_PROGS += nommu_mmap_test +TEST_GEN_PROGS += nommu_mremap_test + +include ../../lib.mk diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mmap_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mmap_test.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..425ec425daad --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mmap_test.c @@ -0,0 +1,265 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +#define _GNU_SOURCE +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include "kselftest.h" + +#include +#ifndef RAMFS_MAGIC +#define RAMFS_MAGIC 0x858458f6 +#endif + +static size_t ps; + +struct test_case_t { + const char *name; + const char *pathname; + int open_flags; + int mmap_prot; + int mmap_flags; + int exp_err; + int (*resolve_exp_err)(const char *path); +}; + +static int get_shm_expected_error(const char *path) +{ + struct statfs fs; + + if (statfs(path, &fs) == 0) { + if (fs.f_type == RAMFS_MAGIC) + return 0; /* ramfs succeed with contiguous memory */ + } + /* hostfs, etc returns ENODEV due to lack of contiguous allocation */ + return ENODEV; +} + +static struct test_case_t test_cases[] = { + { + .name = "anonymous private allocation", + .pathname = NULL, + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + .mmap_flags = MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, + .exp_err = 0, + .resolve_exp_err = NULL, + }, + { + .name = "non-anonymous private file mapping (rw-)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-reg-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + .mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE, + .exp_err = 0, + .resolve_exp_err = NULL, + }, + { + .name = "non-anonymous private file mapping (r--)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-reg-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ, + .mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE, + .exp_err = 0, + .resolve_exp_err = NULL, + }, + { + .name = "non-anonymous shared file mapping (rw-)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-shm-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + .mmap_flags = MAP_SHARED, + .exp_err = 0, +#ifdef CONFIG_NOMMU + .resolve_exp_err = get_shm_expected_error, +#else + .resolve_exp_err = NULL, +#endif + }, + { + .name = "non-anonymous shared file mapping (r--)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-shm-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ, + .mmap_flags = MAP_SHARED, + .exp_err = 0, +#ifdef CONFIG_NOMMU + .resolve_exp_err = get_shm_expected_error, +#else + .resolve_exp_err = 0, +#endif + }, + { + .name = "block device volatile node mapping", + .pathname = "/dev/loop0", + .open_flags = O_RDWR, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + .mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE, + .exp_err = 0, + .resolve_exp_err = NULL, + } +}; + +static int run_mapping_matrix_test(struct test_case_t *tcase) +{ + int fd; + void *ptr; + char path_buf[PATH_MAX]; + int rc = KSFT_PASS; + int expected_error; + + ksft_print_msg("[RUN] Testing: %s\n", tcase->name); + + if (tcase->pathname == NULL) { + fd = -1; + } else if (strstr(tcase->pathname, "XXXXXX")) { + strncpy(path_buf, tcase->pathname, sizeof(path_buf) - 1); + path_buf[sizeof(path_buf) - 1] = '\0'; + fd = mkstemp(path_buf); + if (fd < 0) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Failed to setup temp node: %s\n", + tcase->pathname); + return KSFT_SKIP; + } + if (ftruncate(fd, ps) != 0) { + ksft_test_result_fail("ftruncate failed for: %s\n", + tcase->pathname); + close(fd); + unlink(path_buf); + return KSFT_FAIL; + } + } else { + fd = open(tcase->pathname, tcase->open_flags, 0600); + if (fd < 0) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Device node not accessible: %s\n", + tcase->pathname); + return KSFT_SKIP; + } + } + + expected_error = tcase->exp_err; + if (tcase->resolve_exp_err && fd >= 0) + expected_error = tcase->resolve_exp_err(path_buf); + + ptr = mmap(NULL, ps, tcase->mmap_prot, tcase->mmap_flags, fd, 0); + + if (expected_error != 0) { + if (ptr != MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: mmap unexpectedly succeeded (exp error %d)\n", + tcase->name, expected_error); + munmap(ptr, ps); + rc = KSFT_FAIL; + goto cleanup; + } + if (errno != expected_error) { + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: mmap failed with %d (%s), but expected %d\n", + tcase->name, errno, strerror(errno), expected_error); + rc = KSFT_FAIL; + goto cleanup; + } + ksft_test_result_pass("%s: Correctly rejected with expected error %s(%d)\n", + tcase->name, strerror(expected_error), expected_error); + rc = KSFT_PASS; + goto cleanup; + } + + if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: mmap failed unexpectedly: %s\n", + tcase->name, strerror(errno)); + rc = KSFT_FAIL; + goto cleanup; + } + + ksft_test_result_pass("%s: mmap validation successfully passed\n", tcase->name); + munmap(ptr, ps); + +cleanup: + if (fd >= 0) { + close(fd); + if (tcase->pathname && strstr(tcase->pathname, "XXXXXX")) + unlink(path_buf); + } + return rc; +} + +static int test_map_fixed(void) +{ + void *fixed_addr; + void *ptr; + + ksft_print_msg("[RUN] Testing MAP_FIXED behavior\n"); + + fixed_addr = mmap(NULL, ps, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0); + if (fixed_addr == MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Unable to reserve test address: %s\n", + strerror(errno)); + return KSFT_SKIP; + } + + if (munmap(fixed_addr, ps)) { + ksft_test_result_fail("Unable to release test address: %s\n", + strerror(errno)); + return KSFT_FAIL; + } + + ptr = mmap(fixed_addr, ps, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_FIXED, -1, 0); + +#ifdef CONFIG_NOMMU + if (ptr == MAP_FAILED && (errno == ENODEV || errno == EINVAL)) { + ksft_test_result_pass("MAP_FIXED correctly rejected under nommu\n"); + return KSFT_PASS; + } + if (ptr != MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_test_result_fail("MAP_FIXED unexpectedly allowed under nommu\n"); + munmap(ptr, ps); + return KSFT_FAIL; + } + ksft_test_result_fail("MAP_FIXED failed under NOMMU: %s\n", + strerror(errno)); + return KSFT_FAIL; +#else + if (ptr != MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_test_result_pass("MAP_FIXED successfully allocated under MMU\n"); + munmap(ptr, ps); + return KSFT_PASS; + } + ksft_test_result_fail("MAP_FIXED failed allocation under MMU\n"); + return KSFT_FAIL; +#endif +} + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + int result = KSFT_PASS; + int i, rc; + + ps = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE); + ksft_print_header(); + ksft_set_plan(ARRAY_SIZE(test_cases) + 1); + +#ifdef CONFIG_NOMMU + ksft_print_msg("Running strict MMAP test criteria under nommu architecture\n"); +#else + ksft_print_msg("Running MMAP test criteria under MMU architecture\n"); +#endif + + if (test_map_fixed() == KSFT_FAIL) + result = KSFT_FAIL; + + for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(test_cases); i++) { + rc = run_mapping_matrix_test(&test_cases[i]); + if (rc == KSFT_FAIL) + result = KSFT_FAIL; + } + + if (result == KSFT_PASS) + ksft_finished(); + + ksft_exit_fail(); +} diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mremap_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mremap_test.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..8d577d960b11 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/nommu/nommu_mremap_test.c @@ -0,0 +1,353 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +#define _GNU_SOURCE +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include "kselftest.h" + +#include +#ifndef RAMFS_MAGIC +#define RAMFS_MAGIC 0x858458f6 +#endif + +static size_t ps; + +static long get_fs_type(const char *path) +{ + struct statfs fs; + + if (statfs(path, &fs) == 0) + return fs.f_type; + + return 0; +} + +static void munmap_shrink_test(void) +{ + void *addr; + + /* munmap shrink test */ + for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { + addr = mmap(NULL, ps * 4, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0); + if (addr == MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_test_result_fail("mmap failed: %s(%d)\n", strerror(errno), errno); + return; + } + if (munmap(addr + ps * i, ps) != 0) { + ksft_test_result_fail("memory %p isn't unmapped at %p\n", + addr, addr + ps * i); + for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) + munmap((char *)addr + j * ps, ps); + return; + } + + if (i == 0) { + if (munmap(addr + ps, ps * 3)) + goto error; + } else if (i == 1) { + if (munmap(addr, ps) || munmap(addr + (ps * 2), ps * 2)) + goto error; + } else if (i == 2) { + if (munmap(addr, ps * 2) || munmap(addr + (ps * 3), ps)) + goto error; + } else if (i == 3) { + if (munmap(addr, ps * 3)) + goto error; + } + } + + ksft_test_result_pass("%s success\n", __func__); + return; +error: + for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) + munmap((char *)addr + j * ps, ps); + ksft_test_result_fail("%s clean up failures\n", __func__); +} + +static size_t page_align(size_t len) +{ + return (len + ps - 1) / ps * ps; +} + +static void mremap_shrink_test(void) +{ + void *addr, *addr2; + size_t current_len; + size_t old_len, new_len; + struct param { + size_t old; + size_t new; + } params[] = { + /* should not happen any shrink */ + { .old = ps * 4 - 1, .new = ps * 4 - 2 }, + /* should not happen any shrink */ + { .old = ps * 4 - 1, .new = ps * 4 }, + { .old = ps * 4, .new = ps * 2 }, + /* should not happen any shrink */ + { .old = ps * 2, .new = ps * 2 - 2 }, + { .old = ps * 2 - 2, .new = ps * 1 }, + }; + + /* mremap shrink test */ + current_len = page_align(ps * 4 - 1); + addr = mmap(NULL, ps * 4 - 1, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0); + if (addr == MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_test_result_fail("mmap failed: %s(%d)\n", strerror(errno), errno); + return; + } + + for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(params); i++) { + old_len = page_align(params[i].old); + new_len = page_align(params[i].new); + addr2 = mremap(addr, old_len, new_len, MREMAP_MAYMOVE); + if (addr2 == MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_test_result_fail("memory %p isn't remapped at %p\n", addr, addr2); + munmap(addr, old_len); + return; + } + + addr = addr2; + current_len = new_len; + } + + if (munmap(addr, current_len)) { + ksft_test_result_fail("%s cleanup failed: %s\n", + __func__, strerror(errno)); + return; + } + ksft_test_result_pass("%s success\n", __func__); +} + +static int get_shared_writable_file_expected_error(const char *path) +{ + if (get_fs_type(path) == RAMFS_MAGIC) + return EPERM; /* ramfs failed */ + + return 0; +} + +struct mremap_case_t { + const char *name; + const char *pathname; + int open_flags; + int mmap_prot; + int mmap_flags; + int exp_err; + int (*resolve_exp_err)(const char *path); + unsigned int old_pages; + unsigned int new_pages; +}; + +static struct mremap_case_t mremap_cases[] = { + { + .name = "anonymous shrink (r--)", + .pathname = NULL, + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ, + .mmap_flags = MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, + .exp_err = 0, + .resolve_exp_err = 0, + }, + { + .name = "shared file shrink (r--)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-remap-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ, + .mmap_flags = MAP_SHARED, + .exp_err = 0, +#ifdef CONFIG_NOMMU + .resolve_exp_err = get_shared_writable_file_expected_error, +#else + .resolve_exp_err = 0, +#endif + }, + { + .name = "private file unchanged length (r-)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-remap-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ, + .mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE, +#ifdef CONFIG_NOMMU + .exp_err = EPERM, +#else + .exp_err = 0, +#endif + .resolve_exp_err = 0, + .old_pages = 4, + .new_pages = 4, + }, + { + .name = "private file unchanged length (rw-)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-remap-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + .mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE, + .exp_err = 0, + .resolve_exp_err = 0, + .old_pages = 4, + .new_pages = 4, + }, + { + .name = "private file growth (r-)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-remap-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ, + .mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE, +#ifdef CONFIG_NOMMU + .exp_err = EPERM, +#else + .exp_err = 0, +#endif + .resolve_exp_err = 0, + .old_pages = 4, + .new_pages = 8, + }, + { + .name = "private file growth (rw-)", + .pathname = "/tmp/ksft.nommu-remap-XXXXXX", + .open_flags = O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, + .mmap_prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + .mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE, +#ifdef CONFIG_NOMMU + .exp_err = ENOMEM, +#else + .exp_err = 0, +#endif + .resolve_exp_err = 0, + .old_pages = 4, + .new_pages = 8, + }, +}; + +static int run_mremap_test(struct mremap_case_t *tcase) +{ + int fd = -1; + void *addr, *addr2; + char pb[PATH_MAX]; + int rc = KSFT_PASS; + int expected_error; + unsigned int old_pages = tcase->old_pages ?: 4; + unsigned int new_pages = tcase->new_pages ?: 2; + unsigned int file_pages = old_pages > new_pages ? + old_pages : new_pages; + int orig_nr_trim_pages = -1; + + ksft_print_msg("[RUN] Testing mremap: %s\n", tcase->name); + + if (tcase->pathname && strstr(tcase->pathname, "XXXXXX")) { + strncpy(pb, tcase->pathname, sizeof(pb) - 1); + pb[sizeof(pb) - 1] = '\0'; + fd = mkstemp(pb); + if (fd < 0) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Failed to setup file backing\n"); + return KSFT_SKIP; + } + if (ftruncate(fd, ps * file_pages) != 0) { + ksft_test_result_fail("Failed to setup file backing\n"); + close(fd); + unlink(pb); + return KSFT_FAIL; + } + + if ((tcase->mmap_flags & MAP_SHARED) && get_fs_type(pb) != RAMFS_MAGIC) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Skip the test under non-ramfs filesystem (%s)\n", + pb); + close(fd); + unlink(pb); + return KSFT_SKIP; + } + } else if (tcase->pathname) { + fd = open(tcase->pathname, tcase->open_flags, 0600); + if (fd < 0) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Backing node not accessible\n"); + return KSFT_SKIP; + } + + if ((tcase->mmap_flags & MAP_SHARED) && + get_fs_type(tcase->pathname) != RAMFS_MAGIC) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Skip the test under non-ramfs filesystem (%s)\n", + tcase->pathname); + close(fd); + return KSFT_SKIP; + } + } + + addr = mmap(NULL, ps * old_pages, tcase->mmap_prot, + tcase->mmap_flags, fd, 0); + if (addr == MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_print_msg("mmap mapping failed %s(%d)\n", strerror(errno), errno); + rc = KSFT_FAIL; + goto out; + } + + expected_error = tcase->exp_err; + if (tcase->resolve_exp_err && fd >= 0) + expected_error = tcase->resolve_exp_err(pb); + + addr2 = mremap(addr, ps * old_pages, ps * new_pages, + MREMAP_MAYMOVE); + + if (expected_error != 0) { + if (addr2 != MAP_FAILED || errno != expected_error) { + ksft_print_msg("Expected error %d, got %s(%d)\n", + expected_error, strerror(errno), errno); + rc = KSFT_FAIL; + } else { + ksft_print_msg("%s/%s: Handled expected error path (errno=%d)\n", + __func__, tcase->name, expected_error); + } + } else if (addr2 == MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_print_msg("mremap shrink failed unexpectedly: %s\n", + strerror(errno)); + rc = KSFT_FAIL; + } else { + ksft_print_msg("%s/%s step successful\n", __func__, tcase->name); + } + + /* clean up */ + if (munmap(addr2 == MAP_FAILED ? addr : addr2, + addr2 == MAP_FAILED ? ps * old_pages : ps * new_pages)) { + ksft_print_msg("munmap failed: %s\n", strerror(errno)); + rc = KSFT_FAIL; + } + +out: + if (fd >= 0) { + close(fd); + if (tcase->pathname && strstr(tcase->pathname, "XXXXXX")) + unlink(pb); + } + + ksft_test_result_report(rc, "%s:%s\n", __func__, tcase->name); + return rc; +} + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + int res = KSFT_PASS; + int i; + + ps = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE); + ksft_print_header(); + ksft_set_plan(ARRAY_SIZE(mremap_cases) + 2); + + munmap_shrink_test(); + mremap_shrink_test(); + + for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(mremap_cases); i++) { + if (run_mremap_test(&mremap_cases[i]) == KSFT_FAIL) + res = KSFT_FAIL; + } + + if (res == KSFT_PASS) + ksft_finished(); + + ksft_exit_fail(); +} -- 2.43.0