Re: breaking ext4 to test recovery

[Rogier Wolff <R.E.Wolff@BitWizard.nl>]

On Tue, Mar 29, 2011 at 08:50:18AM -0500, Eric Sandeen wrote:
> Another tool which can be useful for this sort of thing is
> fsfuzzer.  It writes garbage; using dd to write zeros actually
> might be "nice" corruption.

Besides writing blocks of "random data", you could write blocks with a
small percentage of bits (byte) set to non-zero, or just toggle a
configurable number of bits (bytes). This is slightly more devious than just
"random data".

If you try to verify the integrity of a block full of random data, you
can quickly determine that it is completely bogus (I don't think that
e2fsck already exploits this as I've seen it get this wrong).

If you have an indirect block, and it contains: 

00000  72 6f 6f 74 3a 78 3a 30   3a 30 3a 72 6f 6f 74 3a   root:x:0:0:root:
00010  2f 72 6f 6f 74 3a 2f 62   69 6e 2f 62 61 73 68 0a   /root:/bin/bash.
00020  64 61 65 6d 6f 6e 3a 78   3a 31 3a 31 3a 64 61 65   daemon:x:1:1:dae
00030  6d 6f 6e 3a 2f 75 73 72   2f 73 62 69 6e 3a 2f 62   mon:/usr/sbin:/b
00040  69 6e 2f 73 68 0a 62 69   6e 3a 78 3a 32 3a 32 3a   in/sh.bin:x:2:2:
00050  62 69 6e 3a 2f 62 69 6e   3a 2f 62 69 6e 2f 73 68   bin:/bin:/bin/sh
00060  0a 73 79 73 3a 78 3a 33   3a 33 3a 73 79 73 3a 2f   .sys:x:3:3:sys:/
00070  64 65 76 3a 2f 62 69 6e   2f 73 68 0a 73 79 6e 63   dev:/bin/sh.sync
00080  3a 78 3a 34 3a 36 35 35   33 34 3a 73 79 6e 63 3a   :x:4:65534:sync:
00090  2f 62 69 6e 3a 2f 62 69   6e 2f 73 79 6e 63 0a 67   /bin:/bin/sync.g

You can see that the block numbers that are represented here are all
bad. In this case, one of the options should be to discard the whole
indirect block. If you happen to find a few "valid" block numbers
here, they are likely to be bogus. It is counterproductive to check
those for duplicate allocation, or to mark them as used if they happen
to be free.

	Roger. 

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