linux-ext4.vger.kernel.org archive mirror
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
* [RFC][PATCH v2 04/10] ext2: use common file type conversion
@ 2018-10-23 20:19 Phillip Potter
  2018-10-24  6:50 ` Amir Goldstein
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 4+ messages in thread
From: Phillip Potter @ 2018-10-23 20:19 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: jack; +Cc: linux-kernel, amir73il, viro, linux-ext4

Deduplicate the ext2 file type conversion implementation.

Original patch by Amir Goldstein.

v2:
- Rebased against Linux 4.19 by Phillip Potter
- This version does not remove EXT2_FT_x enum from fs/ext2/ext2.h,
  as these values are now used in compile-time checks added by
  Phillip Potter to make sure they remain the same as FT_x values

v1:
- Initial implementation

Signed-off-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
---
 fs/ext2/dir.c | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------------
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/ext2/dir.c b/fs/ext2/dir.c
index 3b8114def693..420d4b9e8980 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/dir.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/dir.c
@@ -252,33 +252,10 @@ ext2_validate_entry(char *base, unsigned offset, unsigned mask)
 	return (char *)p - base;
 }
 
-static unsigned char ext2_filetype_table[EXT2_FT_MAX] = {
-	[EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN]	= DT_UNKNOWN,
-	[EXT2_FT_REG_FILE]	= DT_REG,
-	[EXT2_FT_DIR]		= DT_DIR,
-	[EXT2_FT_CHRDEV]	= DT_CHR,
-	[EXT2_FT_BLKDEV]	= DT_BLK,
-	[EXT2_FT_FIFO]		= DT_FIFO,
-	[EXT2_FT_SOCK]		= DT_SOCK,
-	[EXT2_FT_SYMLINK]	= DT_LNK,
-};
-
-#define S_SHIFT 12
-static unsigned char ext2_type_by_mode[S_IFMT >> S_SHIFT] = {
-	[S_IFREG >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_REG_FILE,
-	[S_IFDIR >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_DIR,
-	[S_IFCHR >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_CHRDEV,
-	[S_IFBLK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_BLKDEV,
-	[S_IFIFO >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_FIFO,
-	[S_IFSOCK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_SOCK,
-	[S_IFLNK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_SYMLINK,
-};
-
 static inline void ext2_set_de_type(ext2_dirent *de, struct inode *inode)
 {
-	umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
 	if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(inode->i_sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
-		de->file_type = ext2_type_by_mode[(mode & S_IFMT)>>S_SHIFT];
+		de->file_type = fs_umode_to_ftype(inode->i_mode);
 	else
 		de->file_type = 0;
 }
@@ -293,14 +270,14 @@ ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
 	unsigned long n = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	unsigned long npages = dir_pages(inode);
 	unsigned chunk_mask = ~(ext2_chunk_size(inode)-1);
-	unsigned char *types = NULL;
 	bool need_revalidate = !inode_eq_iversion(inode, file->f_version);
+	bool has_filetype;
 
 	if (pos > inode->i_size - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
-		types = ext2_filetype_table;
+	has_filetype =
+		EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE);
 
 	for ( ; n < npages; n++, offset = 0) {
 		char *kaddr, *limit;
@@ -335,8 +312,24 @@ ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
 			if (de->inode) {
 				unsigned char d_type = DT_UNKNOWN;
 
-				if (types && de->file_type < EXT2_FT_MAX)
-					d_type = types[de->file_type];
+				/*
+				 * compile-time asserts that generic FT_x types
+				 * still match EXT2_FT_x types - no need to list
+				 * for other functions as well as build will
+				 * fail either way
+				 */
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN != FT_UNKNOWN);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_REG_FILE != FT_REG_FILE);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_DIR != FT_DIR);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_CHRDEV != FT_CHRDEV);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_BLKDEV != FT_BLKDEV);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_FIFO != FT_FIFO);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_SOCK != FT_SOCK);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_SYMLINK != FT_SYMLINK);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_MAX != FT_MAX);
+
+				if (has_filetype)
+					d_type = fs_dtype(de->file_type);
 
 				if (!dir_emit(ctx, de->name, de->name_len,
 						le32_to_cpu(de->inode),
-- 
2.17.2

^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 4+ messages in thread

* [RFC][PATCH v2 04/10] ext2: use common file type conversion
@ 2018-10-23 21:20 Phillip Potter
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 4+ messages in thread
From: Phillip Potter @ 2018-10-23 21:20 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: jack; +Cc: linux-fsdevel, linux-kernel, amir73il, viro, linux-ext4

Deduplicate the ext2 file type conversion implementation.

Original patch by Amir Goldstein.

v2:
- Rebased against Linux 4.19 by Phillip Potter
- This version does not remove EXT2_FT_x enum from fs/ext2/ext2.h,
  as these values are now used in compile-time checks added by
  Phillip Potter to make sure they remain the same as FT_x values

v1:
- Initial implementation

Signed-off-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
---
 fs/ext2/dir.c | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------------
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/ext2/dir.c b/fs/ext2/dir.c
index 3b8114def693..420d4b9e8980 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/dir.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/dir.c
@@ -252,33 +252,10 @@ ext2_validate_entry(char *base, unsigned offset, unsigned mask)
 	return (char *)p - base;
 }
 
-static unsigned char ext2_filetype_table[EXT2_FT_MAX] = {
-	[EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN]	= DT_UNKNOWN,
-	[EXT2_FT_REG_FILE]	= DT_REG,
-	[EXT2_FT_DIR]		= DT_DIR,
-	[EXT2_FT_CHRDEV]	= DT_CHR,
-	[EXT2_FT_BLKDEV]	= DT_BLK,
-	[EXT2_FT_FIFO]		= DT_FIFO,
-	[EXT2_FT_SOCK]		= DT_SOCK,
-	[EXT2_FT_SYMLINK]	= DT_LNK,
-};
-
-#define S_SHIFT 12
-static unsigned char ext2_type_by_mode[S_IFMT >> S_SHIFT] = {
-	[S_IFREG >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_REG_FILE,
-	[S_IFDIR >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_DIR,
-	[S_IFCHR >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_CHRDEV,
-	[S_IFBLK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_BLKDEV,
-	[S_IFIFO >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_FIFO,
-	[S_IFSOCK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_SOCK,
-	[S_IFLNK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT2_FT_SYMLINK,
-};
-
 static inline void ext2_set_de_type(ext2_dirent *de, struct inode *inode)
 {
-	umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
 	if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(inode->i_sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
-		de->file_type = ext2_type_by_mode[(mode & S_IFMT)>>S_SHIFT];
+		de->file_type = fs_umode_to_ftype(inode->i_mode);
 	else
 		de->file_type = 0;
 }
@@ -293,14 +270,14 @@ ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
 	unsigned long n = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	unsigned long npages = dir_pages(inode);
 	unsigned chunk_mask = ~(ext2_chunk_size(inode)-1);
-	unsigned char *types = NULL;
 	bool need_revalidate = !inode_eq_iversion(inode, file->f_version);
+	bool has_filetype;
 
 	if (pos > inode->i_size - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
-		types = ext2_filetype_table;
+	has_filetype =
+		EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE);
 
 	for ( ; n < npages; n++, offset = 0) {
 		char *kaddr, *limit;
@@ -335,8 +312,24 @@ ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
 			if (de->inode) {
 				unsigned char d_type = DT_UNKNOWN;
 
-				if (types && de->file_type < EXT2_FT_MAX)
-					d_type = types[de->file_type];
+				/*
+				 * compile-time asserts that generic FT_x types
+				 * still match EXT2_FT_x types - no need to list
+				 * for other functions as well as build will
+				 * fail either way
+				 */
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN != FT_UNKNOWN);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_REG_FILE != FT_REG_FILE);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_DIR != FT_DIR);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_CHRDEV != FT_CHRDEV);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_BLKDEV != FT_BLKDEV);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_FIFO != FT_FIFO);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_SOCK != FT_SOCK);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_SYMLINK != FT_SYMLINK);
+				BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_MAX != FT_MAX);
+
+				if (has_filetype)
+					d_type = fs_dtype(de->file_type);
 
 				if (!dir_emit(ctx, de->name, de->name_len,
 						le32_to_cpu(de->inode),
-- 
2.17.2

^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 4+ messages in thread

* Re: [RFC][PATCH v2 04/10] ext2: use common file type conversion
  2018-10-23 20:19 Phillip Potter
@ 2018-10-24  6:50 ` Amir Goldstein
  2018-10-24  7:56   ` Amir Goldstein
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 4+ messages in thread
From: Amir Goldstein @ 2018-10-24  6:50 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Phillip Potter; +Cc: Jan Kara, linux-kernel, Al Viro, Ext4

On Tue, Oct 23, 2018 at 11:19 PM Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk> wrote:
>
> Deduplicate the ext2 file type conversion implementation.
>
> Original patch by Amir Goldstein.
>
> v2:
> - Rebased against Linux 4.19 by Phillip Potter
> - This version does not remove EXT2_FT_x enum from fs/ext2/ext2.h,
>   as these values are now used in compile-time checks added by
>   Phillip Potter to make sure they remain the same as FT_x values
>
> v1:
> - Initial implementation
>

Same comments as how to apply a patch and about changelog as patch 1.
Won't repeat for other patches.

I think it would be also good to mention there is a lurking bug if code
ever tries to access ext2_type_by_mode[S_IFMT] because on-disk
data is corrupted.

> Signed-off-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
> ---
>  fs/ext2/dir.c | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------------
>  1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/fs/ext2/dir.c b/fs/ext2/dir.c
> index 3b8114def693..420d4b9e8980 100644
> --- a/fs/ext2/dir.c
> +++ b/fs/ext2/dir.c
> @@ -252,33 +252,10 @@ ext2_validate_entry(char *base, unsigned offset, unsigned mask)
>         return (char *)p - base;
>  }
>
> -static unsigned char ext2_filetype_table[EXT2_FT_MAX] = {
> -       [EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN]       = DT_UNKNOWN,
> -       [EXT2_FT_REG_FILE]      = DT_REG,
> -       [EXT2_FT_DIR]           = DT_DIR,
> -       [EXT2_FT_CHRDEV]        = DT_CHR,
> -       [EXT2_FT_BLKDEV]        = DT_BLK,
> -       [EXT2_FT_FIFO]          = DT_FIFO,
> -       [EXT2_FT_SOCK]          = DT_SOCK,
> -       [EXT2_FT_SYMLINK]       = DT_LNK,
> -};
> -
> -#define S_SHIFT 12
> -static unsigned char ext2_type_by_mode[S_IFMT >> S_SHIFT] = {
> -       [S_IFREG >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_REG_FILE,
> -       [S_IFDIR >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_DIR,
> -       [S_IFCHR >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_CHRDEV,
> -       [S_IFBLK >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_BLKDEV,
> -       [S_IFIFO >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_FIFO,
> -       [S_IFSOCK >> S_SHIFT]   = EXT2_FT_SOCK,
> -       [S_IFLNK >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_SYMLINK,
> -};
> -
>  static inline void ext2_set_de_type(ext2_dirent *de, struct inode *inode)
>  {
> -       umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
>         if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(inode->i_sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
> -               de->file_type = ext2_type_by_mode[(mode & S_IFMT)>>S_SHIFT];
> +               de->file_type = fs_umode_to_ftype(inode->i_mode);
>         else
>                 de->file_type = 0;
>  }
> @@ -293,14 +270,14 @@ ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
>         unsigned long n = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
>         unsigned long npages = dir_pages(inode);
>         unsigned chunk_mask = ~(ext2_chunk_size(inode)-1);
> -       unsigned char *types = NULL;
>         bool need_revalidate = !inode_eq_iversion(inode, file->f_version);
> +       bool has_filetype;
>
>         if (pos > inode->i_size - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1))
>                 return 0;
>
> -       if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
> -               types = ext2_filetype_table;
> +       has_filetype =
> +               EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE);
>
>         for ( ; n < npages; n++, offset = 0) {
>                 char *kaddr, *limit;
> @@ -335,8 +312,24 @@ ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
>                         if (de->inode) {
>                                 unsigned char d_type = DT_UNKNOWN;
>
> -                               if (types && de->file_type < EXT2_FT_MAX)
> -                                       d_type = types[de->file_type];
> +                               /*
> +                                * compile-time asserts that generic FT_x types
> +                                * still match EXT2_FT_x types - no need to list
> +                                * for other functions as well as build will
> +                                * fail either way
> +                                */
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN != FT_UNKNOWN);
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_REG_FILE != FT_REG_FILE);
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_DIR != FT_DIR);
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_CHRDEV != FT_CHRDEV);
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_BLKDEV != FT_BLKDEV);
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_FIFO != FT_FIFO);
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_SOCK != FT_SOCK);
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_SYMLINK != FT_SYMLINK);
> +                               BUILD_BUG_ON(EXT2_FT_MAX != FT_MAX);

This bunch would look much nicer in ext2_set_de_type().
Always try to put those build time asserts near relevant code
but also at the "beginning of something" in a place more pleasant
to the eye.

> +
> +                               if (has_filetype)
> +                                       d_type = fs_dtype(de->file_type);
>
>                                 if (!dir_emit(ctx, de->name, de->name_len,
>                                                 le32_to_cpu(de->inode),
> --
> 2.17.2
>

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 4+ messages in thread

* Re: [RFC][PATCH v2 04/10] ext2: use common file type conversion
  2018-10-24  6:50 ` Amir Goldstein
@ 2018-10-24  7:56   ` Amir Goldstein
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 4+ messages in thread
From: Amir Goldstein @ 2018-10-24  7:56 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Phillip Potter; +Cc: Jan Kara, linux-kernel, Al Viro, Ext4

On Wed, Oct 24, 2018 at 9:50 AM Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> On Tue, Oct 23, 2018 at 11:19 PM Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk> wrote:
> >
> > Deduplicate the ext2 file type conversion implementation.
> >
> > Original patch by Amir Goldstein.
> >
> > v2:
> > - Rebased against Linux 4.19 by Phillip Potter
> > - This version does not remove EXT2_FT_x enum from fs/ext2/ext2.h,
> >   as these values are now used in compile-time checks added by
> >   Phillip Potter to make sure they remain the same as FT_x values
> >
> > v1:
> > - Initial implementation
> >
>
> Same comments as how to apply a patch and about changelog as patch 1.
> Won't repeat for other patches.
>
> I think it would be also good to mention there is a lurking bug if code
> ever tries to access ext2_type_by_mode[S_IFMT] because on-disk
> data is corrupted.

So my old notes on the alleged ext2 bug:
https://marc.info/?l=linux-fsdevel&m=148243866204444&w=2

>
> > Signed-off-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
> > ---
> >  fs/ext2/dir.c | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------------
> >  1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/fs/ext2/dir.c b/fs/ext2/dir.c
> > index 3b8114def693..420d4b9e8980 100644
> > --- a/fs/ext2/dir.c
> > +++ b/fs/ext2/dir.c
> > @@ -252,33 +252,10 @@ ext2_validate_entry(char *base, unsigned offset, unsigned mask)
> >         return (char *)p - base;
> >  }
> >
> > -static unsigned char ext2_filetype_table[EXT2_FT_MAX] = {
> > -       [EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN]       = DT_UNKNOWN,
> > -       [EXT2_FT_REG_FILE]      = DT_REG,
> > -       [EXT2_FT_DIR]           = DT_DIR,
> > -       [EXT2_FT_CHRDEV]        = DT_CHR,
> > -       [EXT2_FT_BLKDEV]        = DT_BLK,
> > -       [EXT2_FT_FIFO]          = DT_FIFO,
> > -       [EXT2_FT_SOCK]          = DT_SOCK,
> > -       [EXT2_FT_SYMLINK]       = DT_LNK,
> > -};
> > -
> > -#define S_SHIFT 12
> > -static unsigned char ext2_type_by_mode[S_IFMT >> S_SHIFT] = {
> > -       [S_IFREG >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_REG_FILE,
> > -       [S_IFDIR >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_DIR,
> > -       [S_IFCHR >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_CHRDEV,
> > -       [S_IFBLK >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_BLKDEV,
> > -       [S_IFIFO >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_FIFO,
> > -       [S_IFSOCK >> S_SHIFT]   = EXT2_FT_SOCK,
> > -       [S_IFLNK >> S_SHIFT]    = EXT2_FT_SYMLINK,
> > -};
> > -
> >  static inline void ext2_set_de_type(ext2_dirent *de, struct inode *inode)
> >  {
> > -       umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
> >         if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(inode->i_sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
> > -               de->file_type = ext2_type_by_mode[(mode & S_IFMT)>>S_SHIFT];
> > +               de->file_type = fs_umode_to_ftype(inode->i_mode);
> >         else
> >                 de->file_type = 0;
> >  }
> > @@ -293,14 +270,14 @@ ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
> >         unsigned long n = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
> >         unsigned long npages = dir_pages(inode);
> >         unsigned chunk_mask = ~(ext2_chunk_size(inode)-1);
> > -       unsigned char *types = NULL;
> >         bool need_revalidate = !inode_eq_iversion(inode, file->f_version);
> > +       bool has_filetype;
> >
> >         if (pos > inode->i_size - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1))
> >                 return 0;
> >
> > -       if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
> > -               types = ext2_filetype_table;
> > +       has_filetype =
> > +               EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE);
> >
> >         for ( ; n < npages; n++, offset = 0) {
> >                 char *kaddr, *limit;
> > @@ -335,8 +312,24 @@ ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
> >                         if (de->inode) {
> >                                 unsigned char d_type = DT_UNKNOWN;
> >
> > -                               if (types && de->file_type < EXT2_FT_MAX)
> > -                                       d_type = types[de->file_type];
> > +                               /*
> > +                                * compile-time asserts that generic FT_x types
> > +                                * still match EXT2_FT_x types - no need to list
> > +                                * for other functions as well as build will
> > +                                * fail either way

Please remove the part about "no need to list for other functions..."
Imagine how kernel code would look like if every call to BUILD_BUG_ON()
would have a comment explaining how BUILD_BUG_ON() works...

Thanks,
Amir.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 4+ messages in thread

end of thread, other threads:[~2018-10-24 16:23 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 4+ messages (download: mbox.gz follow: Atom feed
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2018-10-23 21:20 [RFC][PATCH v2 04/10] ext2: use common file type conversion Phillip Potter
  -- strict thread matches above, loose matches on Subject: below --
2018-10-23 20:19 Phillip Potter
2018-10-24  6:50 ` Amir Goldstein
2018-10-24  7:56   ` Amir Goldstein

This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).