Re: [QUESTION] ext4: Why does fsconfig allow repeated mounting?

["Darrick J. Wong" <djwong@kernel.org>]

On Mon, Feb 09, 2026 at 01:38:22PM -0500, Theodore Tso wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 10, 2026 at 12:07:27AM +0800, 294772273 wrote:
> 
> > The mount interface will report an error for repeated mounting, but
> > fsconfig seems to allow this. Why is that?
> 
> The mount interface does allow repeated mounting:
> 
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# mount /dev/vdc /vdc
> [248226.221469] EXT4-fs (vdc): mounted filesystem 06dd464f-1c3a-4a2b-b3dd-e937c1e7
> 624f r/w with ordered data mode. Quota mode: none.
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# mount /dev/vdc /vdc
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# grep vdc  /proc/mounts  
> /dev/vdc /vdc ext4 rw,relatime 0 0
> /dev/vdc /vdc ext4 rw,relatime 0 0
> 
> This is related to mounting the same block device in multiple places:
> 
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# mount /dev/vdc /mnt/b
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# grep vdc /proc/mounts
> /dev/vdc /mnt/a ext4 rw,relatime 0 0
> /dev/vdc /mnt/b ext4 rw,relatime 0 0
> root@kvm-xfstests:~#
> 
> ... which in turn is related to using bind mounts:
> 
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# mount /dev/vdc /mnt/a
> [248574.078106] EXT4-fs (vdc): mounted filesystem 06dd464f-1c3a-4a2b-b3dd-e937c1
> e7624f r/w with ordered data mode. Quota mode: none.
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# mount --bind /mnt/a /mnt/b
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# grep vdc /proc/mounts
> /dev/vdc /mnt/a ext4 rw,relatime 0 0
> /dev/vdc /mnt/b ext4 rw,relatime 0 0
> root@kvm-xfstests:~#
> 
> In both of these cases, you have to unmount the file system all of the
> mount points (and if applicable, in all namespaces) before the struct
> super for the block device is really unmounted.
> 
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# umount /mnt/a
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# umount /mnt/b
> [248743.872394] EXT4-fs (vdc): unmounting filesystem 06dd464f-1c3a-4a2b-b3dd-e937c1e7624f.
> root@kvm-xfstests:~# 

This is a fun new feature of the post-fsconfig mount(8) binary, as I
discovered when some of my newer fstests exploded after the D12->13
transition.

--D

> 						- Ted
>