[PATCH v2] writeback: prefer struct_size over open coded arithmetic

[PATCH v2] writeback: prefer struct_size over open coded arithmetic

[Len Baker]

As noted in the "Deprecated Interfaces, Language Features, Attributes,
and Conventions" documentation [1], size calculations (especially
multiplication) should not be performed in memory allocator (or similar)
function arguments due to the risk of them overflowing. This could lead
to values wrapping around and a smaller allocation being made than the
caller was expecting. Using those allocations could lead to linear
overflows of heap memory and other misbehaviors.

In this case these are not actually dynamic sizes: all the operands
involved in the calculation are constant values. However it is better to
refactor them anyway, just to keep the open-coded math idiom out of
code.

So, use the struct_size() helper to do the arithmetic instead of the
argument "size + count * size" in the kzalloc() functions.

This code was detected with the help of Coccinelle and audited and fixed
manually.

[1] https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/process/deprecated.html#open-coded-arithmetic-in-allocator-arguments

Signed-off-by: Len Baker <len.baker@gmx.com>
---
Changelog v1 -> v2
- Rebase against v5.15-rc2
- Refactor another instance in the same file (Gustavo A. R. Silva).
- Update the commit changelog to inform that this code was detected
  using a Coccinelle script (Gustavo A. R. Silva).

 fs/fs-writeback.c | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/fs-writeback.c b/fs/fs-writeback.c
index 81ec192ce067..5eb0ada7468c 100644
--- a/fs/fs-writeback.c
+++ b/fs/fs-writeback.c
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ static void inode_switch_wbs(struct inode *inode, int new_wb_id)
 	if (atomic_read(&isw_nr_in_flight) > WB_FRN_MAX_IN_FLIGHT)
 		return;

-	isw = kzalloc(sizeof(*isw) + 2 * sizeof(struct inode *), GFP_ATOMIC);
+	isw = kzalloc(struct_size(isw, inodes, 2), GFP_ATOMIC);
 	if (!isw)
 		return;

@@ -624,8 +624,8 @@ bool cleanup_offline_cgwb(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
 	int nr;
 	bool restart = false;

-	isw = kzalloc(sizeof(*isw) + WB_MAX_INODES_PER_ISW *
-		      sizeof(struct inode *), GFP_KERNEL);
+	isw = kzalloc(struct_size(isw, inodes, WB_MAX_INODES_PER_ISW),
+		      GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!isw)
 		return restart;

--
2.25.1

Re: [PATCH v2] writeback: prefer struct_size over open coded arithmetic

[Gustavo A. R. Silva]

On Sat, Sep 25, 2021 at 01:43:08PM +0200, Len Baker wrote:
> As noted in the "Deprecated Interfaces, Language Features, Attributes,
> and Conventions" documentation [1], size calculations (especially
> multiplication) should not be performed in memory allocator (or similar)
> function arguments due to the risk of them overflowing. This could lead
> to values wrapping around and a smaller allocation being made than the
> caller was expecting. Using those allocations could lead to linear
> overflows of heap memory and other misbehaviors.
> 
> In this case these are not actually dynamic sizes: all the operands
> involved in the calculation are constant values. However it is better to
> refactor them anyway, just to keep the open-coded math idiom out of
> code.
> 
> So, use the struct_size() helper to do the arithmetic instead of the
> argument "size + count * size" in the kzalloc() functions.
> 
> This code was detected with the help of Coccinelle and audited and fixed
> manually.
> 
> [1] https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/process/deprecated.html#open-coded-arithmetic-in-allocator-arguments
> 
> Signed-off-by: Len Baker <len.baker@gmx.com>

Reviewed-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org>

Thanks
--
Gustavo

> ---
> Changelog v1 -> v2
> - Rebase against v5.15-rc2
> - Refactor another instance in the same file (Gustavo A. R. Silva).
> - Update the commit changelog to inform that this code was detected
>   using a Coccinelle script (Gustavo A. R. Silva).
> 
>  fs/fs-writeback.c | 6 +++---
>  1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/fs/fs-writeback.c b/fs/fs-writeback.c
> index 81ec192ce067..5eb0ada7468c 100644
> --- a/fs/fs-writeback.c
> +++ b/fs/fs-writeback.c
> @@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ static void inode_switch_wbs(struct inode *inode, int new_wb_id)
>  	if (atomic_read(&isw_nr_in_flight) > WB_FRN_MAX_IN_FLIGHT)
>  		return;
> 
> -	isw = kzalloc(sizeof(*isw) + 2 * sizeof(struct inode *), GFP_ATOMIC);
> +	isw = kzalloc(struct_size(isw, inodes, 2), GFP_ATOMIC);
>  	if (!isw)
>  		return;
> 
> @@ -624,8 +624,8 @@ bool cleanup_offline_cgwb(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
>  	int nr;
>  	bool restart = false;
> 
> -	isw = kzalloc(sizeof(*isw) + WB_MAX_INODES_PER_ISW *
> -		      sizeof(struct inode *), GFP_KERNEL);
> +	isw = kzalloc(struct_size(isw, inodes, WB_MAX_INODES_PER_ISW),
> +		      GFP_KERNEL);
>  	if (!isw)
>  		return restart;
> 
> --
> 2.25.1
> 

Re: [PATCH v2] writeback: prefer struct_size over open coded arithmetic

[Jan Kara]

On Sat 25-09-21 13:43:08, Len Baker wrote:
> As noted in the "Deprecated Interfaces, Language Features, Attributes,
> and Conventions" documentation [1], size calculations (especially
> multiplication) should not be performed in memory allocator (or similar)
> function arguments due to the risk of them overflowing. This could lead
> to values wrapping around and a smaller allocation being made than the
> caller was expecting. Using those allocations could lead to linear
> overflows of heap memory and other misbehaviors.
> 
> In this case these are not actually dynamic sizes: all the operands
> involved in the calculation are constant values. However it is better to
> refactor them anyway, just to keep the open-coded math idiom out of
> code.
> 
> So, use the struct_size() helper to do the arithmetic instead of the
> argument "size + count * size" in the kzalloc() functions.
> 
> This code was detected with the help of Coccinelle and audited and fixed
> manually.
> 
> [1] https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/process/deprecated.html#open-coded-arithmetic-in-allocator-arguments
> 
> Signed-off-by: Len Baker <len.baker@gmx.com>

Looks good. Feel free to add:

Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>

BTW, writeback patches are usually merged by Andrew Morton so probably send
it to him. Thanks!

								Honza

> ---
> Changelog v1 -> v2
> - Rebase against v5.15-rc2
> - Refactor another instance in the same file (Gustavo A. R. Silva).
> - Update the commit changelog to inform that this code was detected
>   using a Coccinelle script (Gustavo A. R. Silva).
> 
>  fs/fs-writeback.c | 6 +++---
>  1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/fs/fs-writeback.c b/fs/fs-writeback.c
> index 81ec192ce067..5eb0ada7468c 100644
> --- a/fs/fs-writeback.c
> +++ b/fs/fs-writeback.c
> @@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ static void inode_switch_wbs(struct inode *inode, int new_wb_id)
>  	if (atomic_read(&isw_nr_in_flight) > WB_FRN_MAX_IN_FLIGHT)
>  		return;
> 
> -	isw = kzalloc(sizeof(*isw) + 2 * sizeof(struct inode *), GFP_ATOMIC);
> +	isw = kzalloc(struct_size(isw, inodes, 2), GFP_ATOMIC);
>  	if (!isw)
>  		return;
> 
> @@ -624,8 +624,8 @@ bool cleanup_offline_cgwb(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
>  	int nr;
>  	bool restart = false;
> 
> -	isw = kzalloc(sizeof(*isw) + WB_MAX_INODES_PER_ISW *
> -		      sizeof(struct inode *), GFP_KERNEL);
> +	isw = kzalloc(struct_size(isw, inodes, WB_MAX_INODES_PER_ISW),
> +		      GFP_KERNEL);
>  	if (!isw)
>  		return restart;
> 
> --
> 2.25.1
> 
-- 
Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
SUSE Labs, CR

Re: [PATCH v2] writeback: prefer struct_size over open coded arithmetic

[Gustavo A. R. Silva]

On Wed, Oct 20, 2021 at 04:40:44PM +0200, Jan Kara wrote:
[..]
> > This code was detected with the help of Coccinelle and audited and fixed
> > manually.
> > 
> > [1] https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/process/deprecated.html#open-coded-arithmetic-in-allocator-arguments
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Len Baker <len.baker@gmx.com>
> 
> Looks good. Feel free to add:
> 
> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
> 
> BTW, writeback patches are usually merged by Andrew Morton so probably send
> it to him. Thanks!

I'm taking this in my -next tree.

Thank you both, Len and Jan.
--
Gustavo