[PATCH v6 3/4] i2c: npcm: use i2c frequency table

Tyrone Ting
2024-10-11T05:52:52Z

From: Tyrone Ting <kfting@nuvoton.com>

Modify i2c frequency from table parameters for NPCM i2c modules.

Supported frequencies are:

1. 100KHz
2. 400KHz
3. 1MHz

The original equations were tested on a variety of chips and base clocks.
Since we added devices that use higher frequencies of the module we
saw that there is a mismatch between the equation and the actual
results on the bus itself, measured on scope.

Meanwhile, the equations were not accurate to begin with.
They are an approximation of the ideal value. The ideal value is
calculated per frequency of the core module.

So instead of using the equations we did an optimization per module
frequency, verified on a device.

Most of the work was focused on the rise time of the SCL and SDA,
which depends on external load of the bus and PU.

Different PCB designs, or specifically to this case: the number
and type of targets on the bus, impact the required values for
the timing registers.

Users can recalculate the numbers for each bus and get an even better
optimization, but our users chose not to.

We manually picked values per frequency that match the entire valid
range of targets (from 1 to max number). Then we check against the
AMR described in SMB spec and make sure that none of the values
is exceeding.

This process was led by the chip architect and included a lot of testing.

Signed-off-by: Tyrone Ting <kfting@nuvoton.com>
Reviewed-by: Tali Perry <tali.perry1@gmail.com>
---
drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-npcm7xx.c | 374 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
1 file changed, 288 insertions(+), 86 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-npcm7xx.c b/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-npcm7xx.c
index 349492f114e7..fcecb098298f 100644
--- a/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-npcm7xx.c
+++ b/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-npcm7xx.c
@@ -263,6 +263,265 @@ static const int npcm_i2caddr[I2C_NUM_OWN_ADDR] = {
#define I2C_FREQ_MIN_HZ 10000
#define I2C_FREQ_MAX_HZ I2C_MAX_FAST_MODE_PLUS_FREQ

+struct smb_timing_t {
+ u32 core_clk;
+ u8 hldt;
+ u8 dbcnt;
+ u16 sclfrq;
+ u8 scllt;
+ u8 sclht;
+ bool fast_mode;
+};
+
+static struct smb_timing_t smb_timing_100khz[] = {
+ {
+ .core_clk = 100000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x4,
+ .sclfrq = 0xFB, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 62500000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x9D, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 50000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x7E, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 48000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x79, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 40000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x65, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 30000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x4C, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 29000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x49, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 26000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x42, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 25000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x3F, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 24000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x3D, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 20000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x33, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 16180000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x29, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 15000000, .hldt = 0x23, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x26, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 13000000, .hldt = 0x1D, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x21, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 12000000, .hldt = 0x1B, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x1F, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 10000000, .hldt = 0x18, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x1A, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 9000000, .hldt = 0x16, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x17, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 8090000, .hldt = 0x14, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x15, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 7500000, .hldt = 0x7, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x13, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 6500000, .hldt = 0xE, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x11, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 4000000, .hldt = 0x9, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0xB, .scllt = 0x0, .sclht = 0x0,
+ .fast_mode = false,
+ },
+};
+
+static struct smb_timing_t smb_timing_400khz[] = {
+ {
+ .core_clk = 100000000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x3,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x47, .sclht = 0x35,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 62500000, .hldt = 0x2A, .dbcnt = 0x2,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x2C, .sclht = 0x22,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 50000000, .hldt = 0x21, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x24, .sclht = 0x1B,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 48000000, .hldt = 0x1E, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x24, .sclht = 0x19,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 40000000, .hldt = 0x1B, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x1E, .sclht = 0x14,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 33000000, .hldt = 0x15, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x19, .sclht = 0x11,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 30000000, .hldt = 0x15, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x19, .sclht = 0xD,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 29000000, .hldt = 0x11, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x15, .sclht = 0x10,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 26000000, .hldt = 0x10, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x13, .sclht = 0xE,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 25000000, .hldt = 0xF, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x13, .sclht = 0xD,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 24000000, .hldt = 0xD, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x12, .sclht = 0xD,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 20000000, .hldt = 0xB, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xF, .sclht = 0xA,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 16180000, .hldt = 0xA, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xC, .sclht = 0x9,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 15000000, .hldt = 0x9, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xB, .sclht = 0x8,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 13000000, .hldt = 0x7, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xA, .sclht = 0x7,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 12000000, .hldt = 0x7, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xA, .sclht = 0x6,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 10000000, .hldt = 0x6, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x8, .sclht = 0x5,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+};
+
+static struct smb_timing_t smb_timing_1000khz[] = {
+ {
+ .core_clk = 100000000, .hldt = 0x15, .dbcnt = 0x4,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x1C, .sclht = 0x15,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 62500000, .hldt = 0xF, .dbcnt = 0x3,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x11, .sclht = 0xE,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 50000000, .hldt = 0xA, .dbcnt = 0x2,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xE, .sclht = 0xB,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 48000000, .hldt = 0x9, .dbcnt = 0x2,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xD, .sclht = 0xB,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 41000000, .hldt = 0x9, .dbcnt = 0x2,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xC, .sclht = 0x9,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 40000000, .hldt = 0x8, .dbcnt = 0x2,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xB, .sclht = 0x9,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 33000000, .hldt = 0x7, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0xA, .sclht = 0x7,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 25000000, .hldt = 0x4, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x7, .sclht = 0x6,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 24000000, .hldt = 0x7, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x8, .sclht = 0x5,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .core_clk = 20000000, .hldt = 0x4, .dbcnt = 0x1,
+ .sclfrq = 0x0, .scllt = 0x6, .sclht = 0x4,
+ .fast_mode = true,
+ },
+};
+
struct npcm_i2c_data {
u8 fifo_size;
u32 segctl_init_val;
@@ -1805,102 +2064,45 @@ static void npcm_i2c_recovery_init(struct i2c_adapter *_adap)
*/
static int npcm_i2c_init_clk(struct npcm_i2c *bus, u32 bus_freq_hz)
{
- u32 k1 = 0;
- u32 k2 = 0;
- u8 dbnct = 0;
- u32 sclfrq = 0;
- u8 hldt = 7;
+ struct smb_timing_t *smb_timing;
+ u8 scl_table_cnt = 0, table_size = 0;
u8 fast_mode = 0;
- u32 src_clk_khz;
- u32 bus_freq_khz;

- src_clk_khz = bus->apb_clk / 1000;
- bus_freq_khz = bus_freq_hz / 1000;
bus->bus_freq = bus_freq_hz;

- /* 100KHz and below: */
- if (bus_freq_hz <= I2C_MAX_STANDARD_MODE_FREQ) {
- sclfrq = src_clk_khz / (bus_freq_khz * 4);
-
- if (sclfrq < SCLFRQ_MIN || sclfrq > SCLFRQ_MAX)
- return -EDOM;
-
- if (src_clk_khz >= 40000)
- hldt = 17;
- else if (src_clk_khz >= 12500)
- hldt = 15;
- else
- hldt = 7;
- }
-
- /* 400KHz: */
- else if (bus_freq_hz <= I2C_MAX_FAST_MODE_FREQ) {
- sclfrq = 0;
+ switch (bus_freq_hz) {
+ case I2C_MAX_STANDARD_MODE_FREQ:
+ smb_timing = smb_timing_100khz;
+ table_size = ARRAY_SIZE(smb_timing_100khz);
+ break;
+ case I2C_MAX_FAST_MODE_FREQ:
+ smb_timing = smb_timing_400khz;
+ table_size = ARRAY_SIZE(smb_timing_400khz);
fast_mode = I2CCTL3_400K_MODE;
-
- if (src_clk_khz < 7500)
- /* 400KHZ cannot be supported for core clock < 7.5MHz */
- return -EDOM;
-
- else if (src_clk_khz >= 50000) {
- k1 = 80;
- k2 = 48;
- hldt = 12;
- dbnct = 7;
- }
-
- /* Master or Slave with frequency > 25MHz */
- else if (src_clk_khz > 25000) {
- hldt = clk_coef(src_clk_khz, 300) + 7;
- k1 = clk_coef(src_clk_khz, 1600);
- k2 = clk_coef(src_clk_khz, 900);
- }
- }
-
- /* 1MHz: */
- else if (bus_freq_hz <= I2C_MAX_FAST_MODE_PLUS_FREQ) {
- sclfrq = 0;
+ break;
+ case I2C_MAX_FAST_MODE_PLUS_FREQ:
+ smb_timing = smb_timing_1000khz;
+ table_size = ARRAY_SIZE(smb_timing_1000khz);
fast_mode = I2CCTL3_400K_MODE;
-
- /* 1MHZ cannot be supported for core clock < 24 MHz */
- if (src_clk_khz < 24000)
- return -EDOM;
-
- k1 = clk_coef(src_clk_khz, 620);
- k2 = clk_coef(src_clk_khz, 380);
-
- /* Core clk > 40 MHz */
- if (src_clk_khz > 40000) {
- /*
- * Set HLDT:
- * SDA hold time: (HLDT-7) * T(CLK) >= 120
- * HLDT = 120/T(CLK) + 7 = 120 * FREQ(CLK) + 7
- */
- hldt = clk_coef(src_clk_khz, 120) + 7;
- } else {
- hldt = 7;
- dbnct = 2;
- }
+ break;
+ default:
+ return -EINVAL;
}

- /* Frequency larger than 1 MHz is not supported */
- else
- return -EINVAL;
+ for (scl_table_cnt = 0; scl_table_cnt < table_size; scl_table_cnt++)
+ if (bus->apb_clk >= smb_timing[scl_table_cnt].core_clk)
+ break;

- if (bus_freq_hz >= I2C_MAX_FAST_MODE_FREQ) {
- k1 = round_up(k1, 2);
- k2 = round_up(k2 + 1, 2);
- if (k1 < SCLFRQ_MIN || k1 > SCLFRQ_MAX ||
- k2 < SCLFRQ_MIN || k2 > SCLFRQ_MAX)
- return -EDOM;
- }
+ if (scl_table_cnt == table_size)
+ return -EINVAL;

/* write sclfrq value. bits [6:0] are in I2CCTL2 reg */
- iowrite8(FIELD_PREP(I2CCTL2_SCLFRQ6_0, sclfrq & 0x7F),
+ iowrite8(FIELD_PREP(I2CCTL2_SCLFRQ6_0, smb_timing[scl_table_cnt].sclfrq & 0x7F),
bus->reg + NPCM_I2CCTL2);

/* bits [8:7] are in I2CCTL3 reg */
- iowrite8(fast_mode | FIELD_PREP(I2CCTL3_SCLFRQ8_7, (sclfrq >> 7) & 0x3),
+ iowrite8(FIELD_PREP(I2CCTL3_SCLFRQ8_7, (smb_timing[scl_table_cnt].sclfrq >> 7) & 0x3) |
+ fast_mode,
bus->reg + NPCM_I2CCTL3);

/* Select Bank 0 to access NPCM_I2CCTL4/NPCM_I2CCTL5 */
@@ -1912,13 +2114,13 @@ static int npcm_i2c_init_clk(struct npcm_i2c *bus, u32 bus_freq_hz)
* k1 = 2 * SCLLT7-0 -> Low Time = k1 / 2
* k2 = 2 * SCLLT7-0 -> High Time = k2 / 2
*/
- iowrite8(k1 / 2, bus->reg + NPCM_I2CSCLLT);
- iowrite8(k2 / 2, bus->reg + NPCM_I2CSCLHT);
+ iowrite8(smb_timing[scl_table_cnt].scllt, bus->reg + NPCM_I2CSCLLT);
+ iowrite8(smb_timing[scl_table_cnt].sclht, bus->reg + NPCM_I2CSCLHT);

- iowrite8(dbnct, bus->reg + NPCM_I2CCTL5);
+ iowrite8(smb_timing[scl_table_cnt].dbcnt, bus->reg + NPCM_I2CCTL5);
}

- iowrite8(hldt, bus->reg + NPCM_I2CCTL4);
+ iowrite8(smb_timing[scl_table_cnt].hldt, bus->reg + NPCM_I2CCTL4);

/* Return to Bank 1, and stay there by default: */
npcm_i2c_select_bank(bus, I2C_BANK_1);
--
2.34.1