[PATCH v3 0/2] Input: synaptics-rmi4 - fix two device-controlled out-of-bounds writes

[Wei Jie LAW <98lawweijie@gmail.com>]

From: Wei Jie Law <98lawweijie@gmail.com>

Hi Dmitry,

While putting together a reproducer for an out-of-bounds bug in hid-rmi
([1]; a v4 fixing a hole in its own error path is being sent alongside
this series) I found two further memory-safety problems in the shared
RMI4 core.  Both are driven entirely by data the *device* supplies --
its Page Description Table -- so they are reachable from a malicious USB
HID device with no code running on the victim, and equally from I2C and
SMBus RMI4 devices.  Neither depends on the hid-rmi bug; they are in
drivers/input/rmi4/ and need fixing separately.

Both are present in mainline and in every stable tree I looked at.

1/2 is an off-by-one: RMI_PDT_INT_SOURCE_COUNT_MASK is 0x07, so
interrupt_source_count can be 7, but struct rmi_function declares
int irq[RMI_FN_MAX_IRQS] with RMI_FN_MAX_IRQS == 6 and two loops walk it
up to fn->num_of_irqs.  irq[6] is the storage of the next member,
unsigned int irq_pos, so the function's position in the interrupt bitmap
is silently replaced with a Linux virq number.  UBSAN flags all five
stores plus the read on the unregister path.

2/2 is a time-of-check/time-of-use across two reads of the device: the
PDT is scanned three times and re-read from the device every time,
irq_mask[] is sized by the counting scan and filled by the creating scan,
and nothing verifies the two agree.  KASAN catches the resulting
set_bit() walking off the end of the flexible array at the tail of every
struct rmi_function.

2/2 also closes the device-driven route into an older problem in
rmi_create_function_irq(): irq_create_mapping() is called without
checking for failure, and it returns 0, not an error code.  A device that
declares one interrupt in the counting scan and four in the creating scan
makes the mapping fail, and irq_set_chip_data(0, fn) plus
irq_set_chip_and_handler(0, &rmi_irq_chip, handle_simple_irq) then
replace the chip and flow handler of IRQ 0 -- the timer, on x86:

  =========== /proc/interrupts, before ===========
    0:          9          0   IO-APIC   2-edge      timer
  =========== /proc/interrupts, after ============
    0:          9          0      rmi4   2  timer

  error: hwirq 0x1 is too large for unknown-2
  WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 56 at kernel/irq/irqdomain.c:688
           irq_domain_associate_locked+0x2b4/0x390
  genirq: Flags mismatch irq 0. 00002000 (rmi4-00.fn01) vs. 00215a00 (timer)

With 2/2 applied the same device is rejected before any mapping is
attempted and IRQ 0 is untouched.  A standalone check of the
irq_create_mapping() return value still looks worthwhile, but it is a
separate change and I did not want to bury it in this series.

How this was verified:

Linux v6.12.69 (CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS=y, booted slub_debug=FZPU) and
v6.12.105 (CONFIG_KASAN=y + CONFIG_KASAN_INLINE=y, CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS=y,
booted kasan_multi_shot -- generic KASAN otherwise reports only the first
error per boot), x86_64.  An emulated Synaptics RMI4 device publishes a
Page Description Table crafted for each case.  Two independent
reproducers, giving identical results:

  - a /dev/uhid program -- no hardware, fully deterministic, and the easy
    one to run;
  - the same device over dummy_hcd + raw-gadget with Facedancer, so the
    reports really traverse usbcore -> usbhid -> hid-rmi.

Each bug was exercised on its own cold boot, because heap state left by a
previous run changes what the out-of-bounds read returns and UBSAN
reports each call site only once per boot.

With both patches applied 1/2 produces no UBSAN reports and the same
device -- F01 declaring the full 7 interrupt sources -- probes normally,
and 2/2 fails the probe cleanly instead of corrupting the heap: three
consecutive runs of the growing-PDT device give three rejections
("F40: interrupt count changed between PDT scans (pos 1 + 6 > 1)",
"Function creation failed with code -22.") and zero KASAN reports,
against 14 from the unpatched core on the same boot, with no kobject or
refcount warnings; devices answering both scans consistently still probe
and report their real product id.

I am happy to post the reproducers, or to send them privately if you
would rather they did not go to a public list.

Changes in v3:

 - 2/2: reject the function *before* allocating it, rather than
   disposing of it afterwards.  The v2 kfree() is correct on today's
   stable trees, but it is wrong on mainline since
   commit 58d42ec10b73 ("Input: rmi4 - refactor function allocation
   and registration"): rmi_alloc_function() has since run
   device_initialize() and dev_set_name() on fn->dev, so kfree() on
   this path would leak the
   name string and skip the kobject cleanup that device_initialize()
   obligates.  put_device() is no alternative: on the pre-refactor trees
   the stable backports target it warns and leaks exactly as v1 did.
   Checking pdt->interrupt_source_count and the running total against
   data->irq_count before rmi_alloc_function() needs no cleanup on any
   tree; the error message and the -EINVAL are unchanged.
 - 1/2 is unchanged.

Changes in v2:

 - 2/2: dispose of the rejected struct rmi_function with kfree() rather
   than put_device().  The rejection happens before
   rmi_register_function(), so device_initialize() has not run yet and
   fn->dev is still all zeroes.  put_device() on it warned twice --

     kobject: '(null)' (00000000cfabc269): is not initialized, yet
              kobject_put() is being called.
     WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 9 at lib/kobject.c:734 kobject_put+0x1cf/0x4b0
     refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
     WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 9 at lib/refcount.c:28
              refcount_warn_saturate+0xf2/0x150

   -- and then leaked the function, because the saturated refcount stops
   kref_put() from ever running the release.  ftrace over 405 rejections
   counted 810 rmi_create_function against 405 rmi_release_function, one
   orphan per rejection, matching a +407 growth in kmalloc-1k.  With
   kfree() there are no warnings over 206 rejections and the slab count
   is flat.  Thanks to the Sashiko automated review for prompting a
   closer look at that error path.
 - 1/2 is unchanged.

The v1 posting is at
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-input/cover.1787549234.git.98lawweijie@gmail.com/
and v2 at
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-input/20260824122733.76321-1-98lawweijie@gmail.com/

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-input/20260824122708.76168-1-98lawweijie@gmail.com/

Wei Jie Law (2):
  Input: synaptics-rmi4 - fix irq[] overrun with 7 interrupt sources
  Input: synaptics-rmi4 - reject a PDT that grows between scans

 drivers/input/rmi4/rmi_bus.h    |  9 ++++++---
 drivers/input/rmi4/rmi_driver.c | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

-- 
2.43.0