From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Received: from mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com (mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com [148.163.156.1]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id B6DAA3148D3; Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:31 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=148.163.156.1 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1779890253; cv=none; b=UUcekBjDEorr2ERfemo+gdxRlZL8SmrY4S6hclqpumgTG+gKGFyjbs+edei6j5OIKwAis7/ZgT6NxYHCnQTcJea04ZM0xUxLkpwANabC728OZLPoAVGC5oSgHltmrXJRlf7yXD4rlpcuf+72vz55jWLF18kXTRTQPMlNJRw01Q8= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1779890253; c=relaxed/simple; bh=zvlOlKFO5Ea8ZWoxLGLkvjRdz6BrBzYnlRX14u+yQ3M=; h=Message-ID:Date:MIME-Version:Subject:To:Cc:References:From: In-Reply-To:Content-Type; b=fKt9SQDogvpjW1n8da3UTeD3nxjqwhPEXDmbYThtvK7UlFXqGOCJlAiMjYp3wmar4PTva9YByOULwP/KX+3Fjqlt3Qww0r3DtFJFz7EyuJP+Z4WDNx6l49zc2HskwifFbFhDKi3C6L2d6Xu8oe5ideIJbtFZ0zmTb+tTjRi17zI= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=linux.ibm.com; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=linux.ibm.com; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=ibm.com header.i=@ibm.com header.b=EQHtVPcI; arc=none smtp.client-ip=148.163.156.1 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=linux.ibm.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=linux.ibm.com Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=ibm.com header.i=@ibm.com header.b="EQHtVPcI" Received: from pps.filterd (m0360083.ppops.net [127.0.0.1]) by mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com (8.18.1.11/8.18.1.11) with ESMTP id 64QNtAf2686076; Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:06 GMT DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=ibm.com; h=cc :content-transfer-encoding:content-type:date:from:in-reply-to :message-id:mime-version:references:subject:to; s=pp1; bh=XmuqR0 b41raTzm3aWHkmUjaUX9RCWIBNdoHdims9XLM=; b=EQHtVPcIq62ecBESz9VdAj U6i0R3TLcWmeerRAxT+Akz8cgGIJsZO9yHMPTJcXvRQgC5cFfhAVsk3bfVfczqSR qSfTtZu54+4YjHumGmjfk3NpGDD+lq4xOdzSFnVXTZGxCZ4/BqZ+j5cx7yYNDNVr V3EZhrYeX3NmZCWfdbTRPQl5PqV8cmGazPCm/DIaehjWu3H857JCsd8htBf/3NmU LoP+cz26KxteFn6irSTPYQhJX9m8+3La/GfrLF5F6ME54sqXhCjZRdf1Wa2u1mcb IwJ9PJO85CXxyVmj5VTvhxmyCWHAMawFuws7NQ2z98A4t2zRJS1cgXZva+CrHXBQ == Received: from ppma11.dal12v.mail.ibm.com (db.9e.1632.ip4.static.sl-reverse.com [50.22.158.219]) by mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com (PPS) with ESMTPS id 4eb4nusqhc-1 (version=TLSv1.2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 bits=256 verify=NOT); Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:06 +0000 (GMT) Received: from pps.filterd (ppma11.dal12v.mail.ibm.com [127.0.0.1]) by ppma11.dal12v.mail.ibm.com (8.18.1.7/8.18.1.7) with ESMTP id 64RDsHUl019929; Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:05 GMT Received: from smtprelay06.wdc07v.mail.ibm.com ([172.16.1.73]) by ppma11.dal12v.mail.ibm.com (PPS) with ESMTPS id 4edjrb391u-1 (version=TLSv1.2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 bits=256 verify=NOT); Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:05 +0000 (GMT) Received: from smtpav01.wdc07v.mail.ibm.com (smtpav01.wdc07v.mail.ibm.com [10.39.53.228]) by smtprelay06.wdc07v.mail.ibm.com (8.14.9/8.14.9/NCO v10.0) with ESMTP id 64RDv4SK29295182 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 bits=256 verify=OK); Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:04 GMT Received: from smtpav01.wdc07v.mail.ibm.com (unknown [127.0.0.1]) by IMSVA (Postfix) with ESMTP id 708925804B; Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:04 +0000 (GMT) Received: from smtpav01.wdc07v.mail.ibm.com (unknown [127.0.0.1]) by IMSVA (Postfix) with ESMTP id F1F3A58055; Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:02 +0000 (GMT) Received: from [9.47.158.152] (unknown [9.47.158.152]) by smtpav01.wdc07v.mail.ibm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP; Wed, 27 May 2026 13:57:02 +0000 (GMT) Message-ID: <23a3b9bb-af97-4285-a03d-7b6e7ccb274e@linux.ibm.com> Date: Wed, 27 May 2026 09:57:02 -0400 Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-integrity@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [PATCH v5 00/13] ima: Introduce staging mechanism To: Roberto Sassu , corbet@lwn.net, skhan@linuxfoundation.org, zohar@linux.ibm.com, dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com, eric.snowberg@oracle.com, paul@paul-moore.com, jmorris@namei.org, serge@hallyn.com Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-integrity@vger.kernel.org, linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org, gregorylumen@linux.microsoft.com, chenste@linux.microsoft.com, nramas@linux.microsoft.com, Roberto Sassu References: <20260429160319.4162918-1-roberto.sassu@huaweicloud.com> Content-Language: en-US From: Stefan Berger In-Reply-To: <20260429160319.4162918-1-roberto.sassu@huaweicloud.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-TM-AS-GCONF: 00 X-Proofpoint-Reinject: loops=2 maxloops=12 X-Proofpoint-Spam-Details-Enc: AW1haW4tMjYwNTI3MDEzMyBTYWx0ZWRfX5fBf/K24EuzO nsdv6eYPHATZbMRT5JqGcW9mfVnSbQgMnV33bmFilJ4hC0Qx03ABlxrUxBnoRtK4FMi7eHJdD23 DS3XntGu4apmc9wMjiR9Ip2toZOoV1OGZcWC+tnleDmZEEp6HClwlCav9pCl51R+pqDcj0Weycx tMh82DTwRb2jIFk/Tmosd+VY1CXNQrqxkcknn1MHAqk38MUDBAd8AdAsc3t2Ku/rMoeu0o1sqfV mY6tn8CZhPwa/lrR4fcy0C6Bpaiubtpq6/g4sy4VDZOv2VzuFbOnKHHHM+Iy3VWJUENY+lI5sUD exVajXD669sqWHoqpGL3/8/ypKn7n0Me9B2sOwZ/RmGaQkZ20mGWFc4k4ULdqJd4vXmQuVIP8sT LVbLzSeJdbE+v7WVIfp+gS17M7UlwbLOh/NrHGuw7E3PSAGwPCzI+QfcRkuppOvFmBSPCfpiKuC HHYM681UH4uzBrOlzzA== X-Authority-Analysis: v=2.4 cv=UtJT8ewB c=1 sm=1 tr=0 ts=6a16f832 cx=c_pps a=aDMHemPKRhS1OARIsFnwRA==:117 a=aDMHemPKRhS1OARIsFnwRA==:17 a=IkcTkHD0fZMA:10 a=NGcC8JguVDcA:10 a=VkNPw1HP01LnGYTKEx00:22 a=RnoormkPH1_aCDwRdu11:22 a=iQ6ETzBq9ecOQQE5vZCe:22 a=i0EeH86SAAAA:8 a=VnNF1IyMAAAA:8 a=0HL81np-4nXxjsgZigQA:9 a=QEXdDO2ut3YA:10 X-Proofpoint-ORIG-GUID: _8K7wRkzeIx9ZU8S6Hmi0OD4GBlx-QKK X-Proofpoint-GUID: RBiMu1fVFZe6KM06mXCyXsRsp6HhymSv X-Proofpoint-Virus-Version: vendor=baseguard engine=ICAP:2.0.293,Aquarius:18.0.1143,Hydra:6.1.125,FMLib:17.12.100.49 definitions=2026-05-27_02,2026-05-26_03,2025-10-01_01 X-Proofpoint-Spam-Details: rule=outbound_notspam policy=outbound score=0 spamscore=0 suspectscore=0 adultscore=0 clxscore=1011 bulkscore=0 phishscore=0 impostorscore=0 malwarescore=0 lowpriorityscore=0 priorityscore=1501 classifier=typeunknown authscore=0 authtc= authcc= route=outbound adjust=0 reason=mlx scancount=1 engine=8.22.0-2605130000 definitions=main-2605270133 On 4/29/26 12:03 PM, Roberto Sassu wrote: > From: Roberto Sassu > > Usage > ===== > > The IMA staging mechanism can be enabled from the kernel configuration > with the CONFIG_IMA_STAGING option. > > If it is enabled, IMA duplicates the current measurements interfaces > (both binary and ASCII), by adding the _staged file suffix. Both the > original and the staging interfaces gain the write permission for the > root user and group, but require the process to have CAP_SYS_ADMIN set. > > The staging mechanism supports two flavors. > > Staging with prompt > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > > The current measurements list is moved to a temporary staging area, and > staged measurements are deleted upon confirmation. > > This staging process is achieved with the following steps. > > 1. echo A > : the user requests IMA to stage the > entire measurements list; > 2. cat <_staged interface>: the user reads the staged measurements; > 3. echo D > <_staged interface>: the user requests IMA to delete > staged measurements. > I have a IMA log sharder (based on FUSE; does more 'copying' than 'sharding') that successfully uses this method. Tested-by: Stefan Berger