Re: [PATCH 4/4] kbuild: cross-compile linux-headers package when possible

Ron Economos
2024-10-17T14:46:06Z

On 7/27/24 12:42 AM, Masahiro Yamada wrote:
> A long standing issue in the upstream kernel packaging is that the
> linux-headers package is not cross-compiled.
>
> For example, you can cross-build Debian packages for arm64 by running
> the following command:
>
> $ make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- bindeb-pkg
>
> However, the generated linux-headers-*_arm64.deb is useless because the
> host programs in it were built for your build machine architecture
> (likely x86), not arm64.
>
> The Debian kernel maintains its own Makefiles to cross-compile host
> tools without relying on Kbuild. [1]
>
> Instead of adding such full custom Makefiles, this commit adds a small
> piece of code to cross-compile host programs located under the scripts/
> directory.
>
> A straightforward solution is to pass HOSTCC=${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc, but it
> would also cross-compile scripts/basic/fixdep, which needs to be native
> to process the if_changed_dep macro. (This approach may work under some
> circumstances; you can execute foreign architecture programs with the
> help of binfmt_misc because Debian systems enable CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC,
> but it would require installing QEMU and libc for that architecture.)
>
> A trick is to use the external module build (KBUILD_EXTMOD=), which
> does not rebuild scripts/basic/fixdep. ${CC} needs to be able to link
> userspace programs (CONFIG_CC_CAN_LINK=y).
>
> There are known limitations:
>
> - GCC plugins
>
> It would possible to rebuild GCC plugins for the target architecture
> by passing HOSTCXX=${CROSS_COMPILE}g++ with necessary packages
> installed, but gcc on the installed system emits
> "cc1: error: incompatible gcc/plugin versions". I did not find a
> solution for this because 'gcc' on a foreign architecture is a
> different compiler after all.
>
> - objtool and resolve_btfids
>
> These are built by the tools build system. They are not covered by
> the current solution.
>
> I only tested this with Debian, but it should work for other package
> systems as well.
>
> [1]: https://salsa.debian.org/kernel-team/linux/-/blob/debian/6.9.9-1/debian/rules.real#L586
>
> Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
> ---
>
> scripts/package/install-extmod-build | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+)
>
> diff --git a/scripts/package/install-extmod-build b/scripts/package/install-extmod-build
> index cc335945dfbc..0b56d3d7b48f 100755
> --- a/scripts/package/install-extmod-build
> +++ b/scripts/package/install-extmod-build
> @@ -43,4 +43,38 @@ mkdir -p "${destdir}"
> fi
> } | tar -c -f - -T - | tar -xf - -C "${destdir}"
>
> +# When ${CC} and ${HOSTCC} differ, we are likely cross-compiling. Rebuild host
> +# programs using ${CC}. This assumes CC=${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc, which is usually
> +# the case for package building. It does not cross-compile when CC=clang.
> +#
> +# This caters to host programs that participate in Kbuild. objtool and
> +# resolve_btfids are out of scope.
> +if [ "${CC}" != "${HOSTCC}" ] && is_enabled CONFIG_CC_CAN_LINK; then
> + echo "Rebuilding host programs with ${CC}..."
> +
> + cat <<-'EOF' > "${destdir}/Kbuild"
> + subdir-y := scripts
> + EOF
> +
> + # HOSTCXX is not overridden. The C++ compiler is used to build:
> + # - scripts/kconfig/qconf, which is unneeded for external module builds
> + # - GCC plugins, which will not work on the installed system even with
> + # being rebuilt.
> + #
> + # Use the single-target build to avoid the modpost invocation, which
> + # would overwrite Module.symvers.
> + "${MAKE}" HOSTCC="${CC}" KBUILD_EXTMOD="${destdir}" scripts/
> +
> + cat <<-'EOF' > "${destdir}/scripts/Kbuild"
> + subdir-y := basic
> + hostprogs-always-y := mod/modpost
> + mod/modpost-objs := $(addprefix mod/, modpost.o file2alias.o sumversion.o symsearch.o)
> + EOF
> +
> + # Run once again to rebuild scripts/basic/ and scripts/mod/modpost.
> + "${MAKE}" HOSTCC="${CC}" KBUILD_EXTMOD="${destdir}" scripts/
> +
> + rm -f "${destdir}/Kbuild" "${destdir}/scripts/Kbuild"
> +fi
> +
> find "${destdir}" \( -name '.*.cmd' -o -name '*.o' \) -delete

This patch causes a build error when cross-compiling for RISC-V. I'm
using the cross-compiler from
https://github.com/riscv-collab/riscv-gnu-toolchain. When trying to
build .debs with:

make CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu- ARCH=riscv
INSTALL_MOD_STRIP=1 "KCFLAGS=-mtune=sifive-7-series" LOCALVERSION=
bindeb-pkg

I get the following error:

Rebuilding host programs with riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc...
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/genksyms/genksyms.o
YACC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/genksyms/parse.tab.[ch]
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/genksyms/parse.tab.o
LEX
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/genksyms/lex.lex.c
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/genksyms/lex.lex.o
HOSTLD
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/genksyms/genksyms
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/selinux/genheaders/genheaders
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/selinux/mdp/mdp
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/kallsyms
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/sorttable
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/asn1_compiler
HOSTCC
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/sign-file

debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/sign-file.c:25:10:
fatal error: openssl/opensslv.h: No such file or directory
25 | #include <openssl/opensslv.h>
|          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[7]: *** [scripts/Makefile.host:116:
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts/sign-file]
Error 1
make[6]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:478:
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/scripts]
Error 2
make[5]: *** [Makefile:1936:
debian/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3/usr/src/linux-headers-6.12.0-rc3] Error 2
make[4]: *** [Makefile:2063: run-command] Error 2
make[3]: *** [debian/rules:61: binary-headers] Error 2
dpkg-buildpackage: error: make -f debian/rules binary subprocess
returned exit status 2
make[2]: *** [scripts/Makefile.package:121: bindeb-pkg] Error 2
make[1]: *** [/home/re/xfer/linux/Makefile:1557: bindeb-pkg] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:224: __sub-make] Error 2