From: Luis Gerhorst <luis.gerhorst@fau.de>
To: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>,
Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>,
Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>,
Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@linux.dev>,
Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>, Song Liu <song@kernel.org>,
Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>,
John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>,
KP Singh <kpsingh@kernel.org>,
Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@fomichev.me>, Hao Luo <haoluo@google.com>,
Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>,
Puranjay Mohan <puranjay@kernel.org>,
Xu Kuohai <xukuohai@huaweicloud.com>,
Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>,
Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>,
Hari Bathini <hbathini@linux.ibm.com>,
Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>,
Naveen N Rao <naveen@kernel.org>,
Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com>,
Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>,
Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>,
Mykola Lysenko <mykolal@fb.com>, Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>,
Luis Gerhorst <luis.gerhorst@fau.de>,
Henriette Herzog <henriette.herzog@rub.de>,
Saket Kumar Bhaskar <skb99@linux.ibm.com>,
Cupertino Miranda <cupertino.miranda@oracle.com>,
Jiayuan Chen <mrpre@163.com>,
Matan Shachnai <m.shachnai@gmail.com>,
Dimitar Kanaliev <dimitar.kanaliev@siteground.com>,
Shung-Hsi Yu <shung-hsi.yu@suse.com>, Daniel Xu <dxu@dxuuu.xyz>,
bpf@vger.kernel.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org,
linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org,
linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>,
Maximilian Ott <ott@cs.fau.de>,
Milan Stephan <milan.stephan@fau.de>
Subject: [PATCH bpf-next v4 1/9] bpf: Move insn if/else into do_check_insn()
Date: Tue, 3 Jun 2025 22:57:52 +0200 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20250603205800.334980-2-luis.gerhorst@fau.de> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20250603205800.334980-1-luis.gerhorst@fau.de>
This is required to catch the errors later and fall back to a nospec if
on a speculative path.
Eliminate the regs variable as it is only used once and insn_idx is not
modified in-between the definition and usage.
Do not pass insn but compute it in the function itself. As Eduard points
out [1], insn is assumed to correspond to env->insn_idx in many places
(e.g, __check_reg_arg()).
Move code into do_check_insn(), replace
* "continue" with "return 0" after modifying insn_idx
* "goto process_bpf_exit" with "return PROCESS_BPF_EXIT"
* "goto process_bpf_exit_full" with "return process_bpf_exit_full()"
* "do_print_state = " with "*do_print_state = "
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/293dbe3950a782b8eb3b87b71d7a967e120191fd.camel@gmail.com/
Signed-off-by: Luis Gerhorst <luis.gerhorst@fau.de>
Acked-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Henriette Herzog <henriette.herzog@rub.de>
Cc: Maximilian Ott <ott@cs.fau.de>
Cc: Milan Stephan <milan.stephan@fau.de>
---
kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 428 ++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------
1 file changed, 223 insertions(+), 205 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
index a7d6e0c5928b..2e70be0cad49 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -19421,20 +19421,223 @@ static int save_aux_ptr_type(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, enum bpf_reg_type typ
return 0;
}
+enum {
+ PROCESS_BPF_EXIT = 1
+};
+
+static int process_bpf_exit_full(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
+ bool *do_print_state,
+ bool exception_exit)
+{
+ /* We must do check_reference_leak here before
+ * prepare_func_exit to handle the case when
+ * state->curframe > 0, it may be a callback function,
+ * for which reference_state must match caller reference
+ * state when it exits.
+ */
+ int err = check_resource_leak(env, exception_exit,
+ !env->cur_state->curframe,
+ "BPF_EXIT instruction in main prog");
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ /* The side effect of the prepare_func_exit which is
+ * being skipped is that it frees bpf_func_state.
+ * Typically, process_bpf_exit will only be hit with
+ * outermost exit. copy_verifier_state in pop_stack will
+ * handle freeing of any extra bpf_func_state left over
+ * from not processing all nested function exits. We
+ * also skip return code checks as they are not needed
+ * for exceptional exits.
+ */
+ if (exception_exit)
+ return PROCESS_BPF_EXIT;
+
+ if (env->cur_state->curframe) {
+ /* exit from nested function */
+ err = prepare_func_exit(env, &env->insn_idx);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ *do_print_state = true;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ err = check_return_code(env, BPF_REG_0, "R0");
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ return PROCESS_BPF_EXIT;
+}
+
+static int do_check_insn(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, bool *do_print_state)
+{
+ int err;
+ struct bpf_insn *insn = &env->prog->insnsi[env->insn_idx];
+ u8 class = BPF_CLASS(insn->code);
+
+ if (class == BPF_ALU || class == BPF_ALU64) {
+ err = check_alu_op(env, insn);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ } else if (class == BPF_LDX) {
+ bool is_ldsx = BPF_MODE(insn->code) == BPF_MEMSX;
+
+ /* Check for reserved fields is already done in
+ * resolve_pseudo_ldimm64().
+ */
+ err = check_load_mem(env, insn, false, is_ldsx, true, "ldx");
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ } else if (class == BPF_STX) {
+ if (BPF_MODE(insn->code) == BPF_ATOMIC) {
+ err = check_atomic(env, insn);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ env->insn_idx++;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if (BPF_MODE(insn->code) != BPF_MEM || insn->imm != 0) {
+ verbose(env, "BPF_STX uses reserved fields\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ err = check_store_reg(env, insn, false);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ } else if (class == BPF_ST) {
+ enum bpf_reg_type dst_reg_type;
+
+ if (BPF_MODE(insn->code) != BPF_MEM ||
+ insn->src_reg != BPF_REG_0) {
+ verbose(env, "BPF_ST uses reserved fields\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ /* check src operand */
+ err = check_reg_arg(env, insn->dst_reg, SRC_OP);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ dst_reg_type = cur_regs(env)[insn->dst_reg].type;
+
+ /* check that memory (dst_reg + off) is writeable */
+ err = check_mem_access(env, env->insn_idx, insn->dst_reg,
+ insn->off, BPF_SIZE(insn->code),
+ BPF_WRITE, -1, false, false);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ err = save_aux_ptr_type(env, dst_reg_type, false);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ } else if (class == BPF_JMP || class == BPF_JMP32) {
+ u8 opcode = BPF_OP(insn->code);
+
+ env->jmps_processed++;
+ if (opcode == BPF_CALL) {
+ if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) != BPF_K ||
+ (insn->src_reg != BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL &&
+ insn->off != 0) ||
+ (insn->src_reg != BPF_REG_0 &&
+ insn->src_reg != BPF_PSEUDO_CALL &&
+ insn->src_reg != BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL) ||
+ insn->dst_reg != BPF_REG_0 || class == BPF_JMP32) {
+ verbose(env, "BPF_CALL uses reserved fields\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (env->cur_state->active_locks) {
+ if ((insn->src_reg == BPF_REG_0 &&
+ insn->imm != BPF_FUNC_spin_unlock) ||
+ (insn->src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL &&
+ (insn->off != 0 || !kfunc_spin_allowed(insn->imm)))) {
+ verbose(env,
+ "function calls are not allowed while holding a lock\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ }
+ if (insn->src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_CALL) {
+ err = check_func_call(env, insn, &env->insn_idx);
+ } else if (insn->src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL) {
+ err = check_kfunc_call(env, insn, &env->insn_idx);
+ if (!err && is_bpf_throw_kfunc(insn))
+ return process_bpf_exit_full(env, do_print_state, true);
+ } else {
+ err = check_helper_call(env, insn, &env->insn_idx);
+ }
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ mark_reg_scratched(env, BPF_REG_0);
+ } else if (opcode == BPF_JA) {
+ if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) != BPF_K ||
+ insn->src_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
+ insn->dst_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
+ (class == BPF_JMP && insn->imm != 0) ||
+ (class == BPF_JMP32 && insn->off != 0)) {
+ verbose(env, "BPF_JA uses reserved fields\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (class == BPF_JMP)
+ env->insn_idx += insn->off + 1;
+ else
+ env->insn_idx += insn->imm + 1;
+ return 0;
+ } else if (opcode == BPF_EXIT) {
+ if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) != BPF_K ||
+ insn->imm != 0 ||
+ insn->src_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
+ insn->dst_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
+ class == BPF_JMP32) {
+ verbose(env, "BPF_EXIT uses reserved fields\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ return process_bpf_exit_full(env, do_print_state, false);
+ } else {
+ err = check_cond_jmp_op(env, insn, &env->insn_idx);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ }
+ } else if (class == BPF_LD) {
+ u8 mode = BPF_MODE(insn->code);
+
+ if (mode == BPF_ABS || mode == BPF_IND) {
+ err = check_ld_abs(env, insn);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ } else if (mode == BPF_IMM) {
+ err = check_ld_imm(env, insn);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ env->insn_idx++;
+ sanitize_mark_insn_seen(env);
+ } else {
+ verbose(env, "invalid BPF_LD mode\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ } else {
+ verbose(env, "unknown insn class %d\n", class);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ env->insn_idx++;
+ return 0;
+}
+
static int do_check(struct bpf_verifier_env *env)
{
bool pop_log = !(env->log.level & BPF_LOG_LEVEL2);
struct bpf_verifier_state *state = env->cur_state;
struct bpf_insn *insns = env->prog->insnsi;
- struct bpf_reg_state *regs;
int insn_cnt = env->prog->len;
bool do_print_state = false;
int prev_insn_idx = -1;
for (;;) {
- bool exception_exit = false;
struct bpf_insn *insn;
- u8 class;
int err;
/* reset current history entry on each new instruction */
@@ -19448,7 +19651,6 @@ static int do_check(struct bpf_verifier_env *env)
}
insn = &insns[env->insn_idx];
- class = BPF_CLASS(insn->code);
if (++env->insn_processed > BPF_COMPLEXITY_LIMIT_INSNS) {
verbose(env,
@@ -19518,215 +19720,31 @@ static int do_check(struct bpf_verifier_env *env)
return err;
}
- regs = cur_regs(env);
sanitize_mark_insn_seen(env);
prev_insn_idx = env->insn_idx;
- if (class == BPF_ALU || class == BPF_ALU64) {
- err = check_alu_op(env, insn);
- if (err)
- return err;
-
- } else if (class == BPF_LDX) {
- bool is_ldsx = BPF_MODE(insn->code) == BPF_MEMSX;
-
- /* Check for reserved fields is already done in
- * resolve_pseudo_ldimm64().
- */
- err = check_load_mem(env, insn, false, is_ldsx, true,
- "ldx");
- if (err)
- return err;
- } else if (class == BPF_STX) {
- if (BPF_MODE(insn->code) == BPF_ATOMIC) {
- err = check_atomic(env, insn);
- if (err)
- return err;
- env->insn_idx++;
- continue;
- }
-
- if (BPF_MODE(insn->code) != BPF_MEM || insn->imm != 0) {
- verbose(env, "BPF_STX uses reserved fields\n");
- return -EINVAL;
- }
-
- err = check_store_reg(env, insn, false);
- if (err)
- return err;
- } else if (class == BPF_ST) {
- enum bpf_reg_type dst_reg_type;
-
- if (BPF_MODE(insn->code) != BPF_MEM ||
- insn->src_reg != BPF_REG_0) {
- verbose(env, "BPF_ST uses reserved fields\n");
- return -EINVAL;
- }
- /* check src operand */
- err = check_reg_arg(env, insn->dst_reg, SRC_OP);
- if (err)
- return err;
-
- dst_reg_type = regs[insn->dst_reg].type;
-
- /* check that memory (dst_reg + off) is writeable */
- err = check_mem_access(env, env->insn_idx, insn->dst_reg,
- insn->off, BPF_SIZE(insn->code),
- BPF_WRITE, -1, false, false);
- if (err)
- return err;
-
- err = save_aux_ptr_type(env, dst_reg_type, false);
- if (err)
- return err;
- } else if (class == BPF_JMP || class == BPF_JMP32) {
- u8 opcode = BPF_OP(insn->code);
-
- env->jmps_processed++;
- if (opcode == BPF_CALL) {
- if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) != BPF_K ||
- (insn->src_reg != BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL
- && insn->off != 0) ||
- (insn->src_reg != BPF_REG_0 &&
- insn->src_reg != BPF_PSEUDO_CALL &&
- insn->src_reg != BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL) ||
- insn->dst_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
- class == BPF_JMP32) {
- verbose(env, "BPF_CALL uses reserved fields\n");
- return -EINVAL;
- }
-
- if (env->cur_state->active_locks) {
- if ((insn->src_reg == BPF_REG_0 && insn->imm != BPF_FUNC_spin_unlock) ||
- (insn->src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL &&
- (insn->off != 0 || !kfunc_spin_allowed(insn->imm)))) {
- verbose(env, "function calls are not allowed while holding a lock\n");
- return -EINVAL;
- }
- }
- if (insn->src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_CALL) {
- err = check_func_call(env, insn, &env->insn_idx);
- } else if (insn->src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_KFUNC_CALL) {
- err = check_kfunc_call(env, insn, &env->insn_idx);
- if (!err && is_bpf_throw_kfunc(insn)) {
- exception_exit = true;
- goto process_bpf_exit_full;
- }
- } else {
- err = check_helper_call(env, insn, &env->insn_idx);
- }
- if (err)
- return err;
-
- mark_reg_scratched(env, BPF_REG_0);
- } else if (opcode == BPF_JA) {
- if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) != BPF_K ||
- insn->src_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
- insn->dst_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
- (class == BPF_JMP && insn->imm != 0) ||
- (class == BPF_JMP32 && insn->off != 0)) {
- verbose(env, "BPF_JA uses reserved fields\n");
- return -EINVAL;
- }
-
- if (class == BPF_JMP)
- env->insn_idx += insn->off + 1;
- else
- env->insn_idx += insn->imm + 1;
- continue;
-
- } else if (opcode == BPF_EXIT) {
- if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) != BPF_K ||
- insn->imm != 0 ||
- insn->src_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
- insn->dst_reg != BPF_REG_0 ||
- class == BPF_JMP32) {
- verbose(env, "BPF_EXIT uses reserved fields\n");
- return -EINVAL;
- }
-process_bpf_exit_full:
- /* We must do check_reference_leak here before
- * prepare_func_exit to handle the case when
- * state->curframe > 0, it may be a callback
- * function, for which reference_state must
- * match caller reference state when it exits.
- */
- err = check_resource_leak(env, exception_exit, !env->cur_state->curframe,
- "BPF_EXIT instruction in main prog");
- if (err)
- return err;
-
- /* The side effect of the prepare_func_exit
- * which is being skipped is that it frees
- * bpf_func_state. Typically, process_bpf_exit
- * will only be hit with outermost exit.
- * copy_verifier_state in pop_stack will handle
- * freeing of any extra bpf_func_state left over
- * from not processing all nested function
- * exits. We also skip return code checks as
- * they are not needed for exceptional exits.
- */
- if (exception_exit)
- goto process_bpf_exit;
-
- if (state->curframe) {
- /* exit from nested function */
- err = prepare_func_exit(env, &env->insn_idx);
- if (err)
- return err;
- do_print_state = true;
- continue;
- }
-
- err = check_return_code(env, BPF_REG_0, "R0");
- if (err)
- return err;
+ err = do_check_insn(env, &do_print_state);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ return err;
+ } else if (err == PROCESS_BPF_EXIT) {
process_bpf_exit:
- mark_verifier_state_scratched(env);
- update_branch_counts(env, env->cur_state);
- err = pop_stack(env, &prev_insn_idx,
- &env->insn_idx, pop_log);
- if (err < 0) {
- if (err != -ENOENT)
- return err;
- break;
- } else {
- if (verifier_bug_if(env->cur_state->loop_entry, env,
- "broken loop detection"))
- return -EFAULT;
- do_print_state = true;
- continue;
- }
- } else {
- err = check_cond_jmp_op(env, insn, &env->insn_idx);
- if (err)
- return err;
- }
- } else if (class == BPF_LD) {
- u8 mode = BPF_MODE(insn->code);
-
- if (mode == BPF_ABS || mode == BPF_IND) {
- err = check_ld_abs(env, insn);
- if (err)
- return err;
-
- } else if (mode == BPF_IMM) {
- err = check_ld_imm(env, insn);
- if (err)
+ mark_verifier_state_scratched(env);
+ update_branch_counts(env, env->cur_state);
+ err = pop_stack(env, &prev_insn_idx, &env->insn_idx,
+ pop_log);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ if (err != -ENOENT)
return err;
-
- env->insn_idx++;
- sanitize_mark_insn_seen(env);
+ break;
} else {
- verbose(env, "invalid BPF_LD mode\n");
- return -EINVAL;
+ if (verifier_bug_if(env->cur_state->loop_entry, env,
+ "broken loop detection"))
+ return -EFAULT;
+ do_print_state = true;
+ continue;
}
- } else {
- verbose(env, "unknown insn class %d\n", class);
- return -EINVAL;
}
-
- env->insn_idx++;
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(err);
}
return 0;
--
2.49.0
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2025-06-03 21:08 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 13+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2025-06-03 20:57 [PATCH bpf-next v4 0/9] bpf: Mitigate Spectre v1 using barriers Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-03 20:57 ` Luis Gerhorst [this message]
2025-06-03 20:57 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 2/9] bpf: Return -EFAULT on misconfigurations Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-03 20:57 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 3/9] bpf: Return -EFAULT on internal errors Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-03 21:13 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 4/9] bpf, arm64, powerpc: Add bpf_jit_bypass_spec_v1/v4() Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-03 21:17 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 5/9] bpf, arm64, powerpc: Change nospec to include v1 barrier Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-03 21:20 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 6/9] bpf: Rename sanitize_stack_spill to nospec_result Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-03 21:24 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 7/9] bpf: Fall back to nospec for Spectre v1 Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-03 21:28 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 8/9] selftests/bpf: Add test for Spectre v1 mitigation Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-03 21:32 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 9/9] bpf: Fall back to nospec for sanitization-failures Luis Gerhorst
2025-06-10 5:31 ` Alexei Starovoitov
2025-06-10 3:02 ` [PATCH bpf-next v4 0/9] bpf: Mitigate Spectre v1 using barriers Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi
2025-06-10 5:30 ` patchwork-bot+netdevbpf
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