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From: Dev Jain To: Donet Tom Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes , Aboorva Devarajan , akpm@linux-foundation.org, Liam.Howlett@oracle.com, shuah@kernel.org, pfalcato@suse.de, david@redhat.com, ziy@nvidia.com, baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com, npache@redhat.com, ryan.roberts@arm.com, baohua@kernel.org, linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, ritesh.list@gmail.com References: <79bdd993-0e9c-4d7d-b42c-4b5750eff140@lucifer.local> <8e23c5d3-6ce3-4fe8-b6fe-69658d5d0727@lucifer.local> <815793f1-6800-4b9a-852e-f13d6308f50f@arm.com> <2756fa2b-e8bf-4c66-bf9b-c85dc63dfc33@lucifer.local> <41d9a70d-9791-4212-af23-5b13d8e4a47d@arm.com> <546d7aa5-9ea3-4fce-a604-b1676a61d6cd@arm.com> <2fc32719-1e38-4bf0-8ec5-5bcb452d939f@arm.com> Content-Language: en-US In-Reply-To: <2fc32719-1e38-4bf0-8ec5-5bcb452d939f@arm.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-ClientProxiedBy: MA0PR01CA0099.INDPRD01.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM (2603:1096:a01:af::7) To AM9PR08MB7120.eurprd08.prod.outlook.com (2603:10a6:20b:3dc::22) Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 X-MS-TrafficTypeDiagnostic: AS8PR08MB7111:EE_|AS8PR08MB6727:EE_|AMS1EPF00000048:EE_|DU0PR08MB9584:EE_ X-MS-Office365-Filtering-Correlation-Id: 7eae2aaf-f17f-4173-d54e-08ddb21235b2 x-checkrecipientrouted: true NoDisclaimer: true X-MS-Exchange-SenderADCheck: 1 X-MS-Exchange-AntiSpam-Relay: 0 X-Microsoft-Antispam-Untrusted: BCL:0;ARA:13230040|1800799024|7416014|376014|366016; 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X-OriginatorOrg: arm.com X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-OriginalArrivalTime: 23 Jun 2025 04:55:43.5544 (UTC) X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-Network-Message-Id: 7eae2aaf-f17f-4173-d54e-08ddb21235b2 X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-Id: f34e5979-57d9-4aaa-ad4d-b122a662184d X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-OriginalAttributedTenantConnectingIp: TenantId=f34e5979-57d9-4aaa-ad4d-b122a662184d;Ip=[4.158.2.129];Helo=[outbound-uk1.az.dlp.m.darktrace.com] X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-AuthSource: AMS1EPF00000048.eurprd04.prod.outlook.com X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-AuthAs: Anonymous X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-FromEntityHeader: HybridOnPrem X-MS-Exchange-Transport-CrossTenantHeadersStamped: DU0PR08MB9584 On 23/06/25 10:23 am, Dev Jain wrote: > > On 21/06/25 11:25 pm, Donet Tom wrote: >> On Fri, Jun 20, 2025 at 08:15:25PM +0530, Dev Jain wrote: >>> On 19/06/25 1:53 pm, Donet Tom wrote: >>>> On Wed, Jun 18, 2025 at 08:13:54PM +0530, Dev Jain wrote: >>>>> On 18/06/25 8:05 pm, Lorenzo Stoakes wrote: >>>>>> On Wed, Jun 18, 2025 at 07:47:18PM +0530, Dev Jain wrote: >>>>>>> On 18/06/25 7:37 pm, Lorenzo Stoakes wrote: >>>>>>>> On Wed, Jun 18, 2025 at 07:28:16PM +0530, Dev Jain wrote: >>>>>>>>> On 18/06/25 5:27 pm, Lorenzo Stoakes wrote: >>>>>>>>>> On Wed, Jun 18, 2025 at 05:15:50PM +0530, Dev Jain wrote: >>>>>>>>>> Are you accounting for sys.max_map_count? If not, then you'll >>>>>>>>>> be hitting that >>>>>>>>>> first. >>>>>>>>> run_vmtests.sh will run the test in overcommit mode so that >>>>>>>>> won't be an issue. >>>>>>>> Umm, what? You mean overcommit all mode, and that has no >>>>>>>> bearing on the max >>>>>>>> mapping count check. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> In do_mmap(): >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>     /* Too many mappings? */ >>>>>>>>     if (mm->map_count > sysctl_max_map_count) >>>>>>>>         return -ENOMEM; >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> As well as numerous other checks in mm/vma.c. >>>>>>> Ah sorry, didn't look at the code properly just assumed that >>>>>>> overcommit_always meant overriding >>>>>>> this. >>>>>> No problem! It's hard to be aware of everything in mm :) >>>>>> >>>>>>>> I'm not sure why an overcommit toggle is even necessary when >>>>>>>> you could use >>>>>>>> MAP_NORESERVE or simply map PROT_NONE to avoid the >>>>>>>> OVERCOMMIT_GUESS limits? >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> I'm pretty confused as to what this test is really achieving >>>>>>>> honestly. This >>>>>>>> isn't a useful way of asserting mmap() behaviour as far as I >>>>>>>> can tell. >>>>>>> Well, seems like a useful way to me at least : ) Not sure if you >>>>>>> are in the mood >>>>>>> to discuss that but if you'd like me to explain from start to >>>>>>> end what the test >>>>>>> is doing, I can do that : ) >>>>>>> >>>>>> I just don't have time right now, I guess I'll have to come back >>>>>> to it >>>>>> later... it's not the end of the world for it to be iffy in my >>>>>> view as long as >>>>>> it passes, but it might just not be of great value. >>>>>> >>>>>> Philosophically I'd rather we didn't assert internal >>>>>> implementation details like >>>>>> where we place mappings in userland memory. At no point do we >>>>>> promise to not >>>>>> leave larger gaps if we feel like it :) >>>>> You have a fair point. Anyhow a debate for another day. >>>>> >>>>>> I'm guessing, reading more, the _real_ test here is some >>>>>> mathematical assertion >>>>>> about layout from HIGH_ADDR_SHIFT -> end of address space when >>>>>> using hints. >>>>>> >>>>>> But again I'm not sure that achieves much and again also is >>>>>> asserting internal >>>>>> implementation details. >>>>>> >>>>>> Correct behaviour of this kind of thing probably better belongs >>>>>> to tests in the >>>>>> userland VMA testing I'd say. >>>>>> >>>>>> Sorry I don't mean to do down work you've done before, just >>>>>> giving an honest >>>>>> technical appraisal! >>>>> Nah, it will be rather hilarious to see it all go down the drain xD >>>>> >>>>>> Anyway don't let this block work to fix the test if it's failing. >>>>>> We can revisit >>>>>> this later. >>>>> Sure. @Aboorva and Donet, I still believe that the correct >>>>> approach is to elide >>>>> the gap check at the crossing boundary. What do you think? >>>>> >>>> One problem I am seeing with this approach is that, since the hint >>>> address >>>> is generated randomly, the VMAs are also being created at randomly >>>> based on >>>> the hint address.So, for the VMAs created at high addresses, we >>>> cannot guarantee >>>> that the gaps between them will be aligned to MAP_CHUNK_SIZE. >>>> >>>> High address VMAs >>>> ----------------- >>>> 1000000000000-1000040000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 2000000000000-2000040000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 4000000000000-4000040000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 8000000000000-8000040000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> e80009d260000-fffff9d260000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> >>>> I have a different approach to solve this issue. >>> It is really weird that such a large amount of VA space >>> is left between the two VMAs yet mmap is failing. >>> >>> >>> >>> Can you please do the following: >>> set /proc/sys/vm/max_map_count to the highest value possible. >>> If running without run_vmtests.sh, set >>> /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory to 1. >>> In validate_complete_va_space: >>> >>> if (start_addr >= HIGH_ADDR_MARK && found == false) { >>>     found = true; >>>     continue; >>> } >> >> Thanks Dev for the suggestion. I set max_map_count and set overcommit >> memory to 1, added this code change as well, and then tried. Still, the >> test is failing >> >>> where found is initialized to false. This will skip the check >>> for the boundary. >>> >>> After this can you tell whether the test is still failing. >>> >>> Also can you give me the complete output of proc/pid/maps >>> after putting a sleep at the end of the test. >>> >> >> on powerpc support DEFAULT_MAP_WINDOW is 128TB and with >> total address space size is 4PB With hint it can map upto >> 4PB. Since the hint addres is random in this test random hing VMAs >> are getting created. IIUC this is expected only. >> >> >> 10000000-10010000 r-xp 00000000 fd:05 134226638 >> /home/donet/linux/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range >> 10010000-10020000 r--p 00000000 fd:05 134226638 >> /home/donet/linux/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range >> 10020000-10030000 rw-p 00010000 fd:05 134226638 >> /home/donet/linux/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range >> 30000000-10030000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                               [anon:virtual_address_range] >> 10030770000-100307a0000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                            [heap] >> 1004f000000-7fff8f000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                           [anon:virtual_address_range] >> 7fff8faf0000-7fff8fe00000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 >> 7fff8fe00000-7fff90030000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 >> 792355                     /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 >> 7fff90030000-7fff90040000 r--p 00230000 fd:00 >> 792355                     /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 >> 7fff90040000-7fff90050000 rw-p 00240000 fd:00 >> 792355                     /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 >> 7fff90050000-7fff90130000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 >> 792358                     /usr/lib64/libm.so.6 >> 7fff90130000-7fff90140000 r--p 000d0000 fd:00 >> 792358                     /usr/lib64/libm.so.6 >> 7fff90140000-7fff90150000 rw-p 000e0000 fd:00 >> 792358                     /usr/lib64/libm.so.6 >> 7fff90160000-7fff901a0000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                          [vvar] >> 7fff901a0000-7fff901b0000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 >> 0                          [vdso] >> 7fff901b0000-7fff90200000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 >> 792351                     /usr/lib64/ld64.so.2 >> 7fff90200000-7fff90210000 r--p 00040000 fd:00 >> 792351                     /usr/lib64/ld64.so.2 >> 7fff90210000-7fff90220000 rw-p 00050000 fd:00 >> 792351                     /usr/lib64/ld64.so.2 >> 7fffc9770000-7fffc9880000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                          [stack] >> 1000000000000-1000040000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                        [anon:virtual_address_range] >> 2000000000000-2000040000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                        [anon:virtual_address_range] >> 4000000000000-4000040000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                        [anon:virtual_address_range] >> 8000000000000-8000040000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                        [anon:virtual_address_range] >> eb95410220000-fffff90220000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                        [anon:virtual_address_range] >> >> >> >> >> If I give the hint address serially from 128TB then the address >> space is contigous and gap is also MAP_SIZE, the test is passing. >> >> 10000000-10010000 r-xp 00000000 fd:05 134226638 >> /home/donet/linux/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range >> 10010000-10020000 r--p 00000000 fd:05 134226638 >> /home/donet/linux/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range >> 10020000-10030000 rw-p 00010000 fd:05 134226638 >> /home/donet/linux/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range >> 33000000-10033000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                               [anon:virtual_address_range] >> 10033380000-100333b0000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                            [heap] >> 1006f0f0000-10071000000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 >> 10071000000-7fffb1000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                           [anon:virtual_address_range] >> 7fffb15d0000-7fffb1800000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 >> 792355                     /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 >> 7fffb1800000-7fffb1810000 r--p 00230000 fd:00 >> 792355                     /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 >> 7fffb1810000-7fffb1820000 rw-p 00240000 fd:00 >> 792355                     /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 >> 7fffb1820000-7fffb1900000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 >> 792358                     /usr/lib64/libm.so.6 >> 7fffb1900000-7fffb1910000 r--p 000d0000 fd:00 >> 792358                     /usr/lib64/libm.so.6 >> 7fffb1910000-7fffb1920000 rw-p 000e0000 fd:00 >> 792358                     /usr/lib64/libm.so.6 >> 7fffb1930000-7fffb1970000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                          [vvar] >> 7fffb1970000-7fffb1980000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 >> 0                          [vdso] >> 7fffb1980000-7fffb19d0000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 >> 792351                     /usr/lib64/ld64.so.2 >> 7fffb19d0000-7fffb19e0000 r--p 00040000 fd:00 >> 792351                     /usr/lib64/ld64.so.2 >> 7fffb19e0000-7fffb19f0000 rw-p 00050000 fd:00 >> 792351                     /usr/lib64/ld64.so.2 >> 7fffc5470000-7fffc5580000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                          [stack] >> 800000000000-2aab000000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 >> 0                         [anon:virtual_address_range] >> >> > > Thank you for this output. I can't wrap my head around why this > behaviour changes > when you generate the hint sequentially. The mmap() syscall is > supposed to do the > following (irrespective of high VA space or not) - if the allocation > at the hint > addr succeeds, then all is well, otherwise, do a top-down search for a > large > enough gap. I am not aware of the nuances in powerpc but I really am > suspecting > a bug in powerpc mmap code. Can you try to do some tracing - which > function > eventually fails to find the empty gap? > > Through my limited code tracing - we should end up in > slice_find_area_topdown, > then we ask the generic code to find the gap using vm_unmapped_area. So I > suspect something is happening between this, probably > slice_scan_available(). Also, is the memory system you are testing on radix or hash? > >> >>>>   From 0 to 128TB, we map memory directly without using any hint. >>>> For the range above >>>> 256TB up to 512TB, we perform the mapping using hint addresses. In >>>> the current test, >>>> we use random hint addresses, but I have modified it to generate >>>> hint addresses linearly >>>> starting from 128TB. >>>> >>>> With this change: >>>> >>>> The 0–128TB range is mapped without hints and verified accordingly. >>>> >>>> The 128TB–512TB range is mapped using linear hint addresses and >>>> then verified. >>>> >>>> Below are the VMAs obtained with this approach: >>>> >>>> 10000000-10010000 r-xp 00000000 fd:05 135019531 >>>> 10010000-10020000 r--p 00000000 fd:05 135019531 >>>> 10020000-10030000 rw-p 00010000 fd:05 135019531 >>>> 20000000-10020000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 10020800000-10020830000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 1004bcf0000-1004c000000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 1004c000000-7fff8c000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 7fff8c130000-7fff8c360000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 792355 >>>> 7fff8c360000-7fff8c370000 r--p 00230000 fd:00 792355 >>>> 7fff8c370000-7fff8c380000 rw-p 00240000 fd:00 792355 >>>> 7fff8c380000-7fff8c460000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 792358 >>>> 7fff8c460000-7fff8c470000 r--p 000d0000 fd:00 792358 >>>> 7fff8c470000-7fff8c480000 rw-p 000e0000 fd:00 792358 >>>> 7fff8c490000-7fff8c4d0000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 7fff8c4d0000-7fff8c4e0000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 7fff8c4e0000-7fff8c530000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 792351 >>>> 7fff8c530000-7fff8c540000 r--p 00040000 fd:00 792351 >>>> 7fff8c540000-7fff8c550000 rw-p 00050000 fd:00 792351 >>>> 7fff8d000000-7fffcd000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 7fffe9c80000-7fffe9d90000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 >>>> 800000000000-2000000000000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0    -> High Address >>>> (128TB to 512TB) >>>> >>>> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range.c >>>> b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range.c >>>> index 4c4c35eac15e..0be008cba4b0 100644 >>>> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range.c >>>> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/virtual_address_range.c >>>> @@ -56,21 +56,21 @@ >>>>    #ifdef __aarch64__ >>>>    #define HIGH_ADDR_MARK  ADDR_MARK_256TB >>>> -#define HIGH_ADDR_SHIFT 49 >>>> +#define HIGH_ADDR_SHIFT 48 >>>>    #define NR_CHUNKS_LOW   NR_CHUNKS_256TB >>>>    #define NR_CHUNKS_HIGH  NR_CHUNKS_3840TB >>>>    #else >>>>    #define HIGH_ADDR_MARK  ADDR_MARK_128TB >>>> -#define HIGH_ADDR_SHIFT 48 >>>> +#define HIGH_ADDR_SHIFT 47 >>>>    #define NR_CHUNKS_LOW   NR_CHUNKS_128TB >>>>    #define NR_CHUNKS_HIGH  NR_CHUNKS_384TB >>>>    #endif >>>> -static char *hint_addr(void) >>>> +static char *hint_addr(int hint) >>>>    { >>>> -       int bits = HIGH_ADDR_SHIFT + rand() % (63 - HIGH_ADDR_SHIFT); >>>> +       unsigned long addr = ((1UL << HIGH_ADDR_SHIFT) + (hint * >>>> MAP_CHUNK_SIZE)); >>>> -       return (char *) (1UL << bits); >>>> +       return (char *) (addr); >>>>    } >>>>    static void validate_addr(char *ptr, int high_addr) >>>> @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) >>>>           } >>>>           for (i = 0; i < NR_CHUNKS_HIGH; i++) { >>>> -               hint = hint_addr(); >>>> +               hint = hint_addr(i); >>>>                   hptr[i] = mmap(hint, MAP_CHUNK_SIZE, PROT_READ, >>>>                                  MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0); >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Can we fix it this way? >