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[209.85.222.45]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id 71dfb90a1353d-531ab20480asm1163038e0c.2.2025.06.23.00.13.44 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 bits=128/128); Mon, 23 Jun 2025 00:13:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: by mail-ua1-f45.google.com with SMTP id a1e0cc1a2514c-87f32826f22so2823555241.0 for ; Mon, 23 Jun 2025 00:13:44 -0700 (PDT) X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=1; AJvYcCVa+FGxSUQqMdI5p0b5+WJ8h8n3PZ2UPvwN3NBRWjODsrU1bQoiTaL0S+YUa2cuZNHah/bb/JfbJB3h@vger.kernel.org X-Received: by 2002:a67:ba04:0:b0:4e9:963a:a42b with SMTP id ada2fe7eead31-4e9c6a7cbbbmr4270611137.8.1750662824771; Mon, 23 Jun 2025 00:13:44 -0700 (PDT) Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-m68k@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <48ebcafa-467d-05a4-17f6-7cc078596d88@linux-m68k.org> <48af5d8ed5b1546cb3db3b2c2314b1e41de38aad.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de> <0d7b5c87-f0f7-70a4-cf75-5147e67904da@yahoo.com> <131b33a26efd2b0e21dfee784821dcaf3aeddad4.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de> <7d9d8c95-1b06-c6c5-0932-7ba3af55829a@linux-m68k.org> <6c1d08bf4cd4d7c92338357bd61dca8a23559ad0.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de> <2c10a9539a82b534e4a815361bb24c04d30b7e67.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de> <9f1613138de30db0248649e6a36c2b063693057f.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de> <17105089-d9dc-4a87-b531-e47989aa765f@helsinkinet.fi> In-Reply-To: <17105089-d9dc-4a87-b531-e47989aa765f@helsinkinet.fi> From: Geert Uytterhoeven Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2025 09:13:32 +0200 X-Gmail-Original-Message-ID: X-Gm-Features: Ac12FXz0C9h1Nggu3zZyvfJiGqXss9SUDRyGT_MDP5AXVDkJEorqbf5nyXXP1fk Message-ID: Subject: Re: Preliminary results - was: Re: Question on BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT in GCC on NetBSD/m68k To: Eero Tamminen Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz , "port-m68k@netbsd.org" , "debian-68k@lists.debian.org" , "linux-m68k@vger.kernel.org" Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Hi Eero, On Mon, 23 Jun 2025 at 00:13, Eero Tamminen wrote: > On 16.6.2025 18.39, John Paul Adrian Glaubitz wrote: > > To summarize: > > > > - the ELF header provides provides the e_ident and e_flags fields which could be > > used for identifying a Linux/m68k system using the 4 bytes alignment ABI > > - MIPS uses e_flags for differentiating its ABIs > > - PA-RISC sets e_ident to 0x03 (Linux) while every other arch uses 0x00 (SysV ABI) > > - qemu-user needs to be patched to deal with the changed alignment (include/user/abitypes.h) > > - the kernel needs to be patched to deal with the changed alignment (arch/m68k/kernel/signal.c) > > - NetBSD uses an emulation layer which allows 2 bytes alignment a.out executables on an > > ELF system with 4 bytes alignment > > So Linux could eventually have similar emulation layer for 2-byte > aligned ELF binaries (I don't see point in a.out support)? Support for a.out was removed from Linux in commits 19e8b701e258701b ("a.out: Stop building a.out/osf1 support on alpha and m68k") in v5.18 and 987f20a9dcce3989 ("a.out: Remove the a.out implementation") in v6.1. Gr{oetje,eeting}s, Geert -- Geert Uytterhoeven -- There's lots of Linux beyond ia32 -- geert@linux-m68k.org In personal conversations with technical people, I call myself a hacker. But when I'm talking to journalists I just say "programmer" or something like that. -- Linus Torvalds