[RFC v3 4/5] atomic: Add alignment check to instrumented atomic operations

[Finn Thain <fthain@linux-m68k.org>]

From: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>

Add a Kconfig option for debug builds which logs a warning when an
instrumented atomic operation takes place that's misaligned.
Some platforms don't trap for this.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20250901093600.GF4067720@noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net/
---
Changed since v2:
 - Always check for natural alignment.
---
To make this useful on those architectures that don't naturally align
scalars (x86-32, m68k and sh come to mind), please also use
"[PATCH] atomic: skip alignment check for try_cmpxchg() old arg"
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251006110740.468309-1-arnd@kernel.org/
---
 include/linux/instrumented.h |  4 ++++
 lib/Kconfig.debug            | 10 ++++++++++
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/instrumented.h b/include/linux/instrumented.h
index 711a1f0d1a73..402a999a0d6b 100644
--- a/include/linux/instrumented.h
+++ b/include/linux/instrumented.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #ifndef _LINUX_INSTRUMENTED_H
 #define _LINUX_INSTRUMENTED_H
 
+#include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <linux/compiler.h>
 #include <linux/kasan-checks.h>
 #include <linux/kcsan-checks.h>
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ static __always_inline void instrument_atomic_read(const volatile void *v, size_
 {
 	kasan_check_read(v, size);
 	kcsan_check_atomic_read(v, size);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC) && ((unsigned long)v & (size - 1)));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -81,6 +83,7 @@ static __always_inline void instrument_atomic_write(const volatile void *v, size
 {
 	kasan_check_write(v, size);
 	kcsan_check_atomic_write(v, size);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC) && ((unsigned long)v & (size - 1)));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -95,6 +98,7 @@ static __always_inline void instrument_atomic_read_write(const volatile void *v,
 {
 	kasan_check_write(v, size);
 	kcsan_check_atomic_read_write(v, size);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC) && ((unsigned long)v & (size - 1)));
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.debug b/lib/Kconfig.debug
index ebe33181b6e6..d82626b7d6be 100644
--- a/lib/Kconfig.debug
+++ b/lib/Kconfig.debug
@@ -1363,6 +1363,16 @@ config DEBUG_PREEMPT
 	  depending on workload as it triggers debugging routines for each
 	  this_cpu operation. It should only be used for debugging purposes.
 
+config DEBUG_ATOMIC
+	bool "Debug atomic variables"
+	depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+	help
+	  If you say Y here then the kernel will add a runtime alignment check
+	  to atomic accesses. Useful for architectures that do not have trap on
+	  mis-aligned access.
+
+	  This option has potentially significant overhead.
+
 menu "Lock Debugging (spinlocks, mutexes, etc...)"
 
 config LOCK_DEBUGGING_SUPPORT
-- 
2.49.1